Finite element simulation method for predicting shape of finished mining machinery tire

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mining machinery tire simulation analysis, in particular to a finite element simulation method for predicting the shape of a mining machinery tire finished product. The method comprises the following steps: S1, acquiring a temperature measurement value of each part in the vulcanization process of the mining machinery tire; s2, discretizing the design material distribution diagram of the mining machinery tire into a two-dimensional finite element mesh model by utilizing finite element mesh division software; s3, the temperature value, measured in the step S1, of the tire at the demolding moment serves as an initial condition and is applied to the two-dimensional finite element mesh model generated in the step S2, corresponding thermal expansion coefficients are given to different rubber materials, and thermodynamic simulation calculation for reducing the overall temperature of the tire to the room temperature is carried out; and S4, extracting the shapes of the outer surface and the inner surface of the tire after simulation calculation in the step S3, namely the predicted shape of the mining machinery tire finished product, so that the prediction accuracy of the shape of the mining machinery tire finished product is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining machinery tire simulation analysis, and in particular to a finite element simulation method for predicting the shape of a finished mining machinery tire. Background Art

[0002] In mining operations, it is crucial to ensure the safety and efficiency of mechanical tires. Because of the heavy pressure and high air pressure, these tires are designed to be large in size and the rubber layer is much thicker than normal. However, the final shape of the tire after vulcanization is very different from the mold design due to the non-uniform shrinkage during the cooling process after high-temperature vulcanization. This non-uniformity is caused by the internal temperature difference caused by the different thickness of the rubber, the difference in stiffness caused by the distribution of the steel wire skeleton reinforcement structure, and the different thermal expansion coefficients of the rubber materials. These complex factors work together to make the shape of the finished tire difficult to predict and lack regularity, which is difficult to deal with effectively with current technology.

[0003] To overcome this problem, the industry has actively explored. For example, Chinese patent CN115935745A proposed a method for predicting the contour of semi-steel radial tires after vulcanization. This method uses finite element analysis to simulate the thermal behavior of the tire during vulcanization. By finely dividing the grid, setting material parameters and environmental conditions, it calculates and predicts the dimensional changes of the tire caused by thermal expansion / contraction. This technology aims to evaluate the compliance of the finished tire contour during the mold design stage and improve design efficiency.

[0004] Nevertheless, this method still has limitations. It does not fully consider the uneven temperature field inside the vulcanization, the difference in the thermal expansion coefficient of the rubber material, and the influence of the steel cord skeleton on the tire stiffness, which have a significant impact on the final shape of the tire. Therefore, its prediction accuracy is limited and it is difficult to fully reflect the shape evolution of the tire under actual working conditions. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a finite element simulation method for predicting the shape of a finished product of a mining machinery tire.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A finite element simulation method for predicting the shape of a finished product of a mining machinery tire comprises the following steps: S1: Obtain the temperature measurement values ​​of each part of the mining machinery tire during the vulcanization process; S2: Using finite element meshing software, the design material distribution map of the mining machinery tire is discretized into a two-dimensional finite element mesh model; S3: using the temperature value of the tire when it is ejected from the mold measured in step S1 as an initial condition, applying it to the two-dimensional finite element mesh model generated in step S2, assigning corresponding thermal expansion coefficients to different rubber materials, and performing thermodynamic simulation calculations when the overall temperature of the tire drops to room temperature; S4: extracting the outer and inner surface shapes of the tire after the simulation calculation in step S3 is completed, which is the predicted finished shape of the mining machinery tire.

[0007] This technical solution takes into account the uneven distribution of the internal temperature field during the tire vulcanization process, the differences in thermal expansion coefficients of rubber materials in different parts of the tire, and the influence of the distribution of steel cord skeleton materials inside the tire on the tire stiffness, and comprehensively reflects the shape changes of the tire during the cooling process, making the prediction results closer to reality, effectively improving the efficiency and success rate of tire research and development, shortening the research and development cycle, and reducing research and development costs. Specifically, by pre-burying thermocouple temperature measuring lines at specific positions of the tire embryo, the temperature values ​​of each temperature measuring point after the vulcanization is completed are recorded and extracted in real time as the initial temperature conditions for subsequent simulation calculations, thereby overcoming the problem of uneven temperature distribution caused by the thickness of the tire during the vulcanization process, and making the prediction results closer to reality; through the finite element mesh division software, the tire design material distribution map is discretized into a two-dimensional finite element mesh, each rubber material and skeleton material is defined in detail, and reasonable unit types and boundary conditions are set to ensure that the physical behavior of the tire in the simulation calculation can be accurately simulated, thereby improving the accuracy of the prediction results; by assigning the measured temperature value to the corresponding finite element mesh and assigning the corresponding thermal expansion coefficient to each rubber component, a thermodynamic simulation calculation is performed when the overall temperature of the tire is reduced to room temperature, thereby improving the accuracy of the prediction results, so that the simulation calculation can more realistically reflect the shape changes of the tire during actual use.

[0008] In addition, the finite element simulation method for predicting the shape of finished product of mining machinery tires proposed in the present invention also has the following additional technical features: According to one embodiment of the present invention, step S1 further includes the following pre-steps: Thermocouple temperature measuring lines are pre-buried at designated locations of mining machinery tire embryos. After the tire vulcanization process begins, the temperature values ​​of each temperature measuring point are obtained through the temperature measuring equipment, and the temperature values ​​of each thermocouple position after the vulcanization is completed are especially extracted to obtain the temperature data when the tire is ejected from the mold.

[0009] This technical solution pre-buries thermocouple temperature measuring lines at specific locations of mining machinery tire embryos, and monitors the temperature changes of each temperature measuring point in real time during the vulcanization process, especially extracts the temperature data at the end of vulcanization to accurately capture the temperature state of the tire at the moment of demolding; utilizes the high-precision temperature measurement capability of the thermocouple, combined with the timeline of the vulcanization process, to ensure that the finite element simulation model can be constructed based on the real temperature history, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the prediction of the shape of the finished tire.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the thermocouple position at least includes: The outer and inner surfaces of mining machinery tires; The outer surface and the inner surface are divided into different vulcanization temperature measurement points, and one or more thermocouples are set at each vulcanization temperature measurement point for measurement to obtain the temperature measurement value of each part.

[0011] This technical solution plans the distribution of thermocouples on the inner and outer surfaces of mining machinery tires and divides them into multiple vulcanization temperature measurement points for precise temperature measurement, so as to fully capture the temperature differences of various parts of the tire during the vulcanization process, obtain the complex heat conduction and temperature gradient data inside the tire, and construct a more sophisticated tire temperature field model by obtaining the temperature measurement values ​​of each part, thereby more accurately simulating the vulcanization deformation behavior of the tire in the finite element simulation.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, a design material distribution diagram of a mining machinery tire is drawn based on the shape of the tire mold using CAD software, including the position and shape of each rubber material; The Hypermesh finite element meshing software is used to discretize the design material distribution map into a two-dimensional finite element mesh model, including defining each rubber material and skeleton material, specifying the unit type, and setting the boundary conditions.

[0013] This technical solution accurately reflects the distribution of various rubber materials and skeleton materials of the tire, as well as the interaction between them; by defining material properties, specifying appropriate unit types and setting reasonable boundary conditions, a finite element model that can reflect the actual physical properties of the tire is constructed.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the influence of the distribution of the steel cord skeleton material inside the mining machinery tire on the tire stiffness is considered, and the stiffness settings of each position are made different when discrete.

[0015] This technical solution sets the stiffness differences caused by different position distributions during the discretization process. We enable the finite element model to more realistically simulate the deformation behavior of the tire when subjected to external forces, which not only improves the accuracy of the simulation results, but also helps to deeply understand the structural characteristics and mechanical properties of the tire.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the specified unit types include CGAX3HT triangular mesh units and CGAX4HT quadrilateral mesh units.

[0017] The triangular mesh unit of this technical solution is suitable for the division of vulcanization temperature measurement points with complex shapes, and can ensure the continuity and smoothness of the mesh; while the quadrilateral mesh unit performs well in terms of computational efficiency and accuracy, and is suitable for the division of vulcanization temperature measurement points with regular shapes; by combining the use of these two unit types, a finite element mesh model that is both accurate and efficient is constructed.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, since the mining machinery tire is a thick tire, the internal temperature distribution after vulcanization is uneven, so the initial temperature conditions of different vulcanization temperature measurement points at the time of demolding are set to be different; The outer surface is set with a higher initial temperature according to the mold temperature during vulcanization, the inner surface is set with a higher initial temperature according to the bladder temperature during vulcanization, and the thicker rubber unit is set with a lower initial temperature according to the actual temperature measurement situation; By compensating for the difference in initial temperature, the tire shrinks evenly during cooling, thus ensuring that the predicted results of the simulation calculation process from initial temperature to room temperature are controllable.

[0019] This technical solution ensures that the tire can shrink evenly during the cooling process by setting different initial temperature values ​​for the outer surface and the inner surface respectively and compensating for the difference between them; by precisely controlling the initial temperature conditions, the shape change trend of the tire after cooling can be more accurately predicted.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the thermal expansion coefficient refers to the increase in the length per unit Celsius of the rubber material as the temperature increases; the simulation calculation of reducing to room temperature refers to the process of reducing the initial vulcanization temperature inside the tire to the temperature set by the termination boundary condition; the termination boundary condition is taken as 25 degrees Celsius room temperature.

[0021] In this technical solution, the thermal expansion coefficient is one of the physical quantities of rubber materials that change with temperature. It directly determines the dimensional change of the tire during the temperature change process. By gradually reducing the initial vulcanization temperature inside the tire to room temperature (i.e., the termination boundary condition), the cooling process of the tire after it leaves the mold is simulated, and its shape change is predicted. By accurately setting the thermal expansion coefficient and the termination boundary condition values, the accuracy and reliability of the simulation results are ensured.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the shape of the finished product of the mining machinery tire is finally exported in the form of a CAD drawing, including node coordinate information of the outer surface and the inner surface; the exported shape is used for tire size detection analysis and subsequent finite element simulation analysis and calculation.

[0023] This technical solution converts complex simulation data into intuitive and easy-to-understand graphic information, which is convenient for engineers to perform tire size detection and analysis and subsequent finite element simulation analysis and calculation; by exporting CAD drawings, we can not only intuitively see the shape change trend of the tire, but also compare and verify it with the actual product.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Significantly improve the prediction accuracy of the shape of finished mining machinery tires. By deeply considering the temperature field distribution during the vulcanization process, the thermal expansion coefficient of rubber materials in different parts, and the influence of steel cord skeleton materials, the prediction results are closer to reality, providing strong support for tire size detection and analysis.

[0025] (2) Effectively improve the efficiency and success rate of tire R&D, shorten the R&D cycle, reduce R&D costs, and provide a powerful tool for the optimization and innovation of mining machinery tire products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the design material distribution and temperature measurement points of the tire according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the tire finite element mesh discretization according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is the CAD drawing of the finished product shape obtained after the calculation of the present invention is completed.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Outer surface; 11. Tread vulcanization temperature measuring point Ⅰ; 12. Shoulder vulcanization temperature measuring point Ⅰ; 13. Upper sidewall vulcanization temperature measuring point Ⅰ; 14. Lower sidewall vulcanization temperature measuring point Ⅰ; 15. Tire rim vulcanization temperature measuring point Ⅰ; 2. Inner surface; 21. Tread vulcanization temperature measuring point Ⅱ; 22. Shoulder vulcanization temperature measuring point Ⅱ; 23. Upper sidewall vulcanization temperature measuring point Ⅱ; 24. Lower sidewall vulcanization temperature measuring point Ⅱ; 25. Tire rim vulcanization temperature measuring point Ⅱ. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a finite element simulation method for predicting the shape of a finished product of a mining machinery tire, comprising the following steps: S1: Obtain the temperature measurement values ​​of each part of the mining machinery tire during the vulcanization process; S2: Using finite element meshing software, the design material distribution map of the mining machinery tire is discretized into a two-dimensional finite element mesh model; S3: using the temperature value of the tire when it is ejected from the mold measured in step S1 as an initial condition, applying it to the two-dimensional finite element mesh model generated in step S2, assigning corresponding thermal expansion coefficients to different rubber materials, and performing thermodynamic simulation calculations when the overall temperature of the tire drops to room temperature; S4: extracting the shapes of the tire outer surface 1 and inner surface 2 after the simulation calculation in step S3 is completed, which is the predicted shape of the finished product of the mining machinery tire.

[0032] This technical solution takes into account the uneven distribution of the internal temperature field during the tire vulcanization process, the differences in thermal expansion coefficients of rubber materials in different parts of the tire, and the influence of the distribution of steel cord skeleton materials inside the tire on the tire stiffness, and comprehensively reflects the shape changes of the tire during the cooling process, making the prediction results closer to reality, effectively improving the efficiency and success rate of tire research and development, shortening the research and development cycle, and reducing research and development costs. Specifically, by pre-burying thermocouple temperature measuring lines at specific positions of the tire embryo, the temperature values ​​of each temperature measuring point after the vulcanization is completed are recorded and extracted in real time as the initial temperature conditions for subsequent simulation calculations, thereby overcoming the problem of uneven temperature distribution caused by the thickness of the tire during the vulcanization process, and making the prediction results closer to reality; through the finite element mesh division software, the tire design material distribution map is discretized into a two-dimensional finite element mesh, each rubber material and skeleton material is defined in detail, and reasonable unit types and boundary conditions are set to ensure that the physical behavior of the tire in the simulation calculation can be accurately simulated, thereby improving the accuracy of the prediction results; by assigning the measured temperature value to the corresponding finite element mesh and assigning the corresponding thermal expansion coefficient to each rubber component, a thermodynamic simulation calculation is performed when the overall temperature of the tire is reduced to room temperature, thereby improving the accuracy of the prediction results, so that the simulation calculation can more realistically reflect the shape changes of the tire during actual use.

[0033] In addition, the finite element simulation method for predicting the shape of finished product of mining machinery tires proposed in the present invention also has the following additional technical features: According to one embodiment of the present invention, step S1 further includes the following pre-steps: Thermocouple temperature measuring lines are pre-buried at designated locations of mining machinery tire embryos. After the tire vulcanization process begins, the temperature values ​​of each temperature measuring point are obtained through the temperature measuring equipment, and the temperature values ​​of each thermocouple position after the vulcanization is completed are especially extracted to obtain the temperature data when the tire is ejected from the mold.

[0034] This technical solution pre-buries thermocouple temperature measuring lines at specific locations of mining machinery tire embryos, and monitors the temperature changes of each temperature measuring point in real time during the vulcanization process, especially extracts the temperature data at the end of vulcanization to accurately capture the temperature state of the tire at the moment of demolding; utilizes the high-precision temperature measurement capability of the thermocouple, combined with the timeline of the vulcanization process, to ensure that the finite element simulation model can be constructed based on the real temperature history, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the prediction of the shape of the finished tire.

[0035] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the thermocouple position at least includes: The outer surface 1 and the inner surface 2 of the mining machinery tire; The outer surface 1 and the inner surface 2 are divided into different vulcanization temperature measurement points, and one or more thermocouples are set at each vulcanization temperature measurement point for measurement to obtain the temperature measurement value of each part.

[0036] This technical solution plans the distribution of thermocouples on the inner and outer surfaces 1 of mining machinery tires, and divides them into multiple vulcanization temperature measurement points for precise temperature measurement, so as to comprehensively capture the temperature differences of various parts of the tire during the vulcanization process, obtain the complex heat conduction and temperature gradient data inside the tire, and construct a more sophisticated tire temperature field model by obtaining the temperature measurement values ​​of each part, thereby more accurately simulating the vulcanization deformation behavior of the tire in the finite element simulation.

[0037] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, a design material distribution diagram of a mining machinery tire is drawn based on the shape of the tire mold using CAD software, including the position and shape of each rubber material; The Hypermesh finite element meshing software is used to discretize the design material distribution map into a two-dimensional finite element mesh model, including defining each rubber material and skeleton material, specifying the unit type, and setting the boundary conditions.

[0038] This technical solution accurately reflects the distribution of various rubber materials and skeleton materials of the tire, as well as the interaction between them; by defining material properties, specifying appropriate unit types and setting reasonable boundary conditions, a finite element model that can reflect the actual physical properties of the tire is constructed.

[0039] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the influence of the distribution of the steel cord skeleton material inside the mining machinery tire on the tire stiffness is considered, and the stiffness settings of each position are made different when discrete.

[0040] This technical solution sets the stiffness differences caused by different position distributions during the discretization process. We enable the finite element model to more realistically simulate the deformation behavior of the tire when subjected to external forces, which not only improves the accuracy of the simulation results, but also helps to deeply understand the structural characteristics and mechanical properties of the tire.

[0041] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the specified unit types include CGAX3HT triangular mesh units and CGAX4HT quadrilateral mesh units.

[0042] The triangular mesh unit of this technical solution is suitable for the division of vulcanization temperature measurement points with complex shapes, and can ensure the continuity and smoothness of the mesh; while the quadrilateral mesh unit performs well in terms of computational efficiency and accuracy, and is suitable for the division of vulcanization temperature measurement points with regular shapes; by combining the use of these two unit types, a finite element mesh model that is both accurate and efficient is constructed.

[0043] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, since the mining machinery tire is a thick tire, the internal temperature distribution after vulcanization is uneven, so the initial temperature conditions of different vulcanization temperature measurement points at the time of demolding are set to be different; The outer surface 1 is set with a higher initial temperature according to the mold temperature during vulcanization, the inner surface 2 is set with a higher initial temperature according to the bladder temperature during vulcanization, and the thicker rubber unit is set with a lower initial temperature according to the actual temperature measurement situation; By compensating for the difference in initial temperature, the tire shrinks evenly during cooling, thus ensuring that the predicted results of the simulation calculation process from initial temperature to room temperature are controllable.

[0044] This technical solution ensures that the tire can shrink evenly during the cooling process by setting different initial temperature values ​​for the outer surface 1 and the inner surface 2 respectively and compensating for the difference between them; by precisely controlling the initial temperature conditions, the shape change trend of the tire after cooling can be more accurately predicted.

[0045] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the thermal expansion coefficient refers to the increase in the length per unit Celsius of the rubber material as the temperature increases; the simulation calculation of reducing to room temperature refers to the process of reducing the initial vulcanization temperature inside the tire to the temperature set by the termination boundary condition; the termination boundary condition is taken as 25 degrees Celsius room temperature.

[0046] In this technical solution, the thermal expansion coefficient is one of the physical quantities of rubber materials that change with temperature. It directly determines the dimensional change of the tire during the temperature change process. By gradually reducing the initial vulcanization temperature inside the tire to room temperature (i.e., the termination boundary condition), the cooling process of the tire after it leaves the mold is simulated, and its shape change is predicted. By accurately setting the thermal expansion coefficient and the termination boundary condition values, the accuracy and reliability of the simulation results are ensured.

[0047] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the shape of the finished product of the mining machinery tire is finally exported in the form of a CAD drawing, including node coordinate information of the outer surface 1 and the inner surface 2; the exported shape is used for tire size detection analysis and subsequent finite element simulation analysis and calculation.

[0048] This technical solution converts complex simulation data into intuitive and easy-to-understand graphic information, which is convenient for engineers to perform tire size detection and analysis and subsequent finite element simulation analysis and calculation; by exporting CAD drawings, we can not only intuitively see the shape change trend of the tire, but also compare and verify it with the actual product.

[0049] Example 2 Based on Example 1, this example provides the feasibility of a specific numerical verification method.

[0050] Take 18.00R25 underground mining tire as an example. Figure 1 The material distribution diagram shown shows the location of various parts of the tire design and the outer surface 1 and the inner surface 2 of the tire; Figure 1 The vulcanization temperature measuring points of the middle outer surface 1 include the tread vulcanization temperature measuring point Ⅰ11, the shoulder vulcanization temperature measuring point Ⅰ12, the upper sidewall vulcanization temperature measuring point Ⅰ13, the lower sidewall vulcanization temperature measuring point Ⅰ14, and the tire rim vulcanization temperature measuring point Ⅰ15; similarly, Figure 1 The vulcanization temperature measuring points of the inner surface 2 include the tread vulcanization temperature measuring point II 21, the shoulder vulcanization temperature measuring point II 22, the upper sidewall vulcanization temperature measuring point II 23, the lower sidewall vulcanization temperature measuring point II 24, and the tire rim vulcanization temperature measuring point II 25. According to actual needs, an intermediate vulcanization temperature measuring point can be added between the outer surface 1 and the inner surface 2.

[0051] exist Figure 1 Thermocouples for temperature measurement are arranged at the corresponding positions of the tire embryos at each vulcanization temperature measuring point shown. The tire embryos with preset thermocouples are vulcanized according to the vulcanization process, and the temperature history data of each temperature measuring point during the entire tire vulcanization process is recorded. When the tire is vulcanized, the temperature data of each vulcanization temperature measuring point is read as the initial temperature condition of each part of the mining machinery tire simulation model.

[0052] Using meshing software Figure 1 The tire material distribution diagram shown in the figure is meshed, and the meshing result is as follows Figure 2As shown, the triangular unit is set to CGAX3HT, the quadrilateral unit is set to CGAX4HT, and the hyperelastic material properties are assigned. According to the actual test values, the corresponding thermal expansion coefficients are assigned to each component of the tire. The temperature data of each temperature measuring point of the tire obtained in the above steps at the moment when the tire vulcanization is completed are assigned to the rubber material units near the vulcanization temperature measuring points as the initial temperature field for predicting the contour shape of the finished tire. In the subsequent analysis step of the tire simulation, the ambient temperature is defined as 25 degrees Celsius, and the thermal coupling simulation analysis of the initial temperature field defined in the above steps to the room temperature is performed. When all temperatures of the tire are stabilized at 25 degrees Celsius, the simulation calculation ends.

[0053] The node coordinate information of the outer surface 1 and the node coordinate information of the inner surface 2 of the tire after the above simulation calculation is completed are extracted and exported in CAD format. The shape of the finished product of the mining machinery tire obtained by simulation calculation in this example is as follows Figure 3 As shown, by measuring Figure 3 The shape and size of the finished mining machinery tires shown in the figure can achieve the purpose of accurately analyzing the size of the finished tires. Figure 3 The tire material distribution diagram corresponding to the tire diagram shown is used to perform tire loading performance simulation analysis, and the simulation analysis results for predicting tire loading performance are effectively improved.

[0054] Although the present invention is described in detail by referring to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions to the embodiments of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions shall be within the scope of the present invention. Any person of ordinary skill in the art may easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and these shall be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A finite element simulation method for predicting the shape of a finished product of a mining machinery tire, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Obtain the temperature measurement values ​​of each part of the mining machinery tire during the vulcanization process; S2: Using finite element meshing software, the design material distribution map of the mining machinery tire is discretized into a two-dimensional finite element mesh model; S3: using the temperature value of the tire when it is ejected from the mold measured in step S1 as an initial condition, applying it to the two-dimensional finite element mesh model generated in step S2, assigning corresponding thermal expansion coefficients to different rubber materials, and performing thermodynamic simulation calculations when the overall temperature of the tire drops to room temperature; S4: extracting the shapes of the tire outer surface (1) and inner surface (2) after the simulation calculation in step S3 is completed, which is the predicted shape of the finished product of the mining machinery tire.

2. The finite element simulation method for predicting the shape of a finished product of a mining machinery tire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 also includes the following pre-steps: Thermocouple temperature measuring lines are pre-buried at designated locations of mining machinery tire embryos. After the tire vulcanization process begins, the temperature values ​​of each temperature measuring point are obtained through the temperature measuring equipment, and the temperature values ​​of each thermocouple position after the vulcanization is completed are especially extracted to obtain the temperature data when the tire is ejected from the mold.

3. The finite element simulation method for predicting the shape of a finished product of a mining machinery tire according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1, the thermocouple position at least includes: The outer surface (1) and the inner surface (2) of a mining machinery tire; The outer surface (1) and the inner surface (2) are respectively divided into different vulcanization temperature measurement points, and one or more thermocouples are set at each vulcanization temperature measurement point for measurement to obtain the temperature measurement value of each part.

4. The finite element simulation method for predicting the shape of a finished product of a mining machinery tire according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, a design material distribution diagram of a mining machinery tire is drawn based on the tire mold shape using CAD software, including the position and shape of each rubber material; The Hypermesh finite element meshing software is used to discretize the design material distribution map into a two-dimensional finite element mesh model, including defining each rubber material and skeleton material, specifying the unit type, and setting the boundary conditions.

5. The finite element simulation method for predicting the shape of a finished product of a mining machinery tire according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step S2, the influence of the distribution of the steel cord skeleton material inside the mining machinery tire on the tire stiffness is taken into consideration, and the stiffness settings of each position are made different when being discrete.

6. The finite element simulation method for predicting the shape of a finished product of a mining machinery tire according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, the specified unit types include CGAX3HT triangular mesh units and CGAX4HT quadrilateral mesh units.

7. The finite element simulation method for predicting the shape of a finished product of a mining machinery tire according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S3, since the mining machinery tire is a thick tire, the internal temperature distribution after vulcanization is uneven, so the initial temperature conditions of different vulcanization temperature measurement points at the time of demolding are set to be different; The outer surface (1) is set at a higher initial temperature according to the mold temperature during vulcanization, the inner surface (2) is set at a higher initial temperature according to the bladder temperature during vulcanization, and the thicker rubber unit is set at a lower initial temperature according to the actual temperature measurement conditions; By compensating for the difference in initial temperature, the tire shrinks evenly during cooling, thus ensuring that the predicted results of the simulation calculation process from initial temperature to room temperature are controllable.

8. The finite element simulation method for predicting the shape of a finished product of a mining machinery tire according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, the thermal expansion coefficient refers to the increase in the length per unit Celsius of the rubber material as the temperature increases; the simulation calculation of reducing to room temperature refers to the process of reducing the initial vulcanization temperature inside the tire to the temperature set by the termination boundary condition; the termination boundary condition is set to 25 degrees Celsius room temperature.

9. The finite element simulation method for predicting the shape of a finished product of a mining machinery tire according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S4, the shape of the finished product of the mining machinery tire is finally exported in the form of a CAD drawing, including node coordinate information of the outer surface (1) and the inner surface (2); The exported shape is used for tire size detection analysis and subsequent finite element simulation analysis and calculation.

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