Lithium battery safety energy storage electric cabinet and operation management method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium battery safety energy storage electric cabinet and an operation management method thereof. The lithium battery safety energy storage electric cabinet comprises a cabinet body, an energy storage system, a heat dissipation fire extinguishing system and a control system, the cabinet body is fixed on the base, and the energy storage management system, the heat dissipation fire extinguishing system and the control system are all arranged in the cabinet body; the energy storage management system comprises a battery module, a battery management system and an energy storage system operation management device; each battery unit is managed and maintained through the battery management system, and the state of the battery is monitored; energy conversion, bidirectional flow and voltage level conversion between an energy storage battery and a power grid are realized through operation management of the energy storage system, and grid connection and disconnection of an electric cabinet are controlled; the environment state in the cabinet body is monitored through the control system, network disconnection is carried out through the battery management system and the energy storage system when abnormal temperature, fire, smoke or combustible gas in the cabinet body are monitored, and cooling and fire extinguishing are carried out through the heat dissipation fire extinguishing system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of energy storage and relates to an energy storage device, and specifically to a lithium battery safety energy storage cabinet and an operation management method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Energy storage cabinets are a type of equipment used to store electrical energy. They play an important role in power systems, especially in promoting the use of renewable energy and ensuring safe and stable operation of power grids. According to relevant data, the newly installed capacity of new energy storage in China reached 12.9GW / 31.24GWh in the first half of 2024, a year-on-year increase of 98%. Among them, the newly installed capacity on the grid side was 20.33GWh, the power supply side was 8.68GWh, and the user side was 2.23GWh. According to the energy storage method, it can be divided into physical energy storage, electrochemical energy storage, and molten salt heat storage. As a form of electrochemical energy storage, lithium battery energy storage cabinets dominate the current market. They have the advantages of fast response, high energy density and long life, and are widely used in the power generation side, grid side and user side of the power system.

[0003] However, safety and economy are important indicators that affect the continued promotion and use of lithium battery energy storage cabinets. In recent years, safety accidents in electrochemical energy storage power stations have occurred frequently, most of which were caused by fire and explosion of lithium-ion batteries. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the safety of energy storage cabinets and reduce their safety maintenance costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a lithium battery safety energy storage cabinet and an operation management method thereof, so as to reduce the safety maintenance cost while improving the safety of the lithium battery energy storage cabinet.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A lithium battery safety energy storage cabinet, comprising a cabinet body and an energy storage system, a heat dissipation and fire protection system and a control system arranged in the cabinet body;

[0007] The cabinet is fixed on the base, and the energy storage management system, heat dissipation and fire protection system and control system are all arranged inside the cabinet; the energy storage management system includes a battery module, a battery management system and an energy storage system operation management device;

[0008] The heat dissipation and fire fighting system includes a blanket cabin, a fire sprinkler cooling pipeline and a ventilation and cooling system; fire blankets are arranged on the top and bottom surfaces of the cabinet, the blanket cabin is arranged on the top of the cabinet, and a fire blanket placing device is arranged in the blanket cabin. The fire blankets arranged around the cabinet in the blanket cabin are lowered by the fire blanket placing device. The fire blankets lowered around the cabinet and the fire blankets arranged on the top and bottom of the cabinet isolate the cabinet from the external environment; the fire sprinkler cooling pipeline is arranged around the battery module and is connected to a fire nozzle for fire extinguishing, and the ventilation and cooling system is arranged on the side wall of the cabinet;

[0009] The control system includes a control server, a monitoring system and a display panel. The control server is connected to the battery management system, the energy storage system operation management device, and the heat dissipation and fire protection system. The control server receives and processes the electrical signals transmitted by the battery management system, the energy storage system operation management device, the monitoring system, and the heat dissipation and fire protection system, and adjusts and controls the operating status of each device; the monitoring system includes temperature sensors, flame sensors, gas sensors and smoke sensors arranged at different positions in the cabinet; the display panel is used to display the working parameters of each device in the cabinet.

[0010] Furthermore, the fire blanket applying device includes four fire blanket reels respectively arranged parallel to the four sides of the top of the cabinet, the fire blanket reels are connected to a fire blanket motor that drives them to rotate, a fire blanket is wound around each fire blanket reel, a strong magnet is connected to the end of each fire blanket, and a ring-shaped strong magnet is arranged on the base around the cabinet.

[0011] Furthermore, the ventilation and cooling system includes a cooling exhaust fan and shutters arranged on the rear side wall of the cabinet for heat dissipation and smoke exhaust of the cabinet.

[0012] Furthermore, a cabinet door is arranged at the front side of the cabinet body, and a closed space is formed in the cabinet body when the cabinet door is closed, and the display panel is arranged on the cabinet door.

[0013] Furthermore, the battery module is provided with a plurality of lithium battery channels, which can store electric energy continuously and stably.

[0014] Furthermore, the battery management system calculates the remaining capacity SOC and discharge power of the battery module, reports the battery degradation degree SOH and the remaining capacity SOC state, manages and maintains each battery unit, and monitors the battery status.

[0015] Furthermore, the energy storage system operation management device includes an energy storage inverter and a transformer. The energy storage inverter realizes energy conversion and bidirectional flow between the energy storage battery and the power grid; the transformer is used for voltage level conversion and controls the connection and disconnection of the power cabinet to the grid.

[0016] Furthermore, the material of the cabinet is 45 steel, 35 steel, A3 steel, 40Cr alloy structural steel, HT 150Gray cast iron, 65Mn steel, 0Cr 18 Ni9 steel, DCCr 12 MoV chrome steel, SKD11 chrome steel, D2 steel, SKD 11 One or more of chrome steel, DC53 chrome steel, SKH-9 steel, and ASP-23 steel.

[0017] An operation management method for a lithium battery safety energy storage cabinet, during operation, the battery management system calculates the remaining capacity SOC and discharge power of the battery module, reports the battery degradation degree SOH and the remaining capacity SOC state, manages and maintains each battery unit, prevents the battery from being overcharged and over-discharged, prolongs the battery life, and monitors the battery state;

[0018] The control system monitors the environmental status inside the cabinet. The response order of the monitoring system sensors is: temperature response, combustible gas and smoke response, and flame response. When the temperature exceeds 60°C, the control system controls the fire sprinkler cooling pipes and cooling exhaust fans to start working to cool down.

[0019] When the temperature exceeds 130°C, the electrolyte and other chemicals inside the battery begin to decompose, generating flammable gas and smoke that are released inside the cabinet. At this time, the gas smoke response is triggered, and the control system controls the cooling exhaust fan to accelerate the rotation to promote the discharge of flammable gas and smoke in the cabinet to prevent explosion when encountering an ignition source;

[0020] When flames occur inside the cabinet, a flame response is triggered and the control system controls the fire blanket releasing device to release the fire blanket to isolate the cabinet from the surroundings to prevent the fire from spreading further. The control system also controls the fire nozzle to spray water to extinguish the fire.

[0021] Furthermore, before the energy storage cabinet starts operating, a system self-check is performed through the control server, and the operating parameters of each device are displayed through the display panel. If the cabinet parameters meet the preset threshold, the cabinet will start operating normally; if they exceed the threshold range, a warning signal will be issued through the display panel and the system will stop operating.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The present invention has the functions of safety management, thermal management and intelligent monitoring of lithium battery energy storage cabinets. It manages and maintains each battery unit and monitors the battery status through the battery management system. It realizes energy conversion and two-way flow between the energy storage battery and the power grid through the operation management of the energy storage system, and the voltage level conversion and control of the cabinet grid connection and disconnection. The control system monitors the environmental status inside the cabinet. When abnormal temperature, fire, smoke or flammable gas is detected inside the cabinet, the battery management system and energy storage are used to disconnect the network, and the heat dissipation fire protection system is used to reduce the temperature and extinguish the fire.

[0024] When the control system detects that the lithium battery inside the energy storage cabinet explodes due to thermal runaway, the heat dissipation fire protection system can cut off the circuit and at the same time, lower the fire blanket arranged around the cabinet in the blanket compartment through the fire blanket placing device, release the fire blanket to cover the cabinet, and the fire blankets lowered around the cabinet and the fire blankets installed on the top and bottom of the cabinet isolate the cabinet from the external environment; thereby isolating the burning cabinet from the outside world to prevent excessive fire from igniting surrounding cabinets or other objects, and performing fire sprinklers inside, thereby improving the safety and economy of storing used lithium batteries.

[0025] Once a fire occurs in an energy storage cabinet, the fire may spread very quickly. In large-scale energy storage facilities such as energy storage power stations, if a fire in an energy storage cabinet cannot be controlled in time, it is easy to spread to adjacent cabinets. Automatic fire blanket deployment can quickly start and deploy fire blankets at the early stage of a fire, that is, when the fire source just appears and indicators such as temperature or smoke reach the preset threshold. This can greatly shorten the response time and control the fire before it spreads, avoiding greater losses caused by the fire.

[0026] The blanket cabin is set on the top of the cabinet and matches the shape and structure of the energy storage cabinet. When the fire blanket is deployed, it can tightly cover the surface of the energy storage cabinet to provide comprehensive protection for key parts such as the internal battery modules and electrical components. The fit can effectively prevent flames and high-temperature gases from leaking from the gaps, ensuring maximum fire protection effect.

[0027] Automatically deploying fire blankets can extinguish fires without personnel approaching the fire source, greatly reducing the risk of injury. It is particularly suitable for unattended energy storage sites, where daily maintenance is relatively simple. It only requires regular inspection and testing of the system's sensors, controllers, fire blankets and other components to ensure their normal operation, reducing the need for manpower for frequent inspection and maintenance of manual fire extinguishing equipment. Compared with traditional fire extinguishing equipment, it has a longer service life and can provide reliable fire protection throughout the service life of the energy storage cabinet, reducing the cost of equipment replacement and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a lithium battery safety energy storage cabinet of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the rear side of a lithium battery safety energy storage cabinet of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the blanket cabin in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fire blanket in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the battery module in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the control system of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a response sequence schematic diagram of the monitoring system of the present invention;

[0035] Description of reference numerals:

[0036] 1-cabinet door; 2-blanket compartment;

[0037] 3-battery module; 4-fire blanket;

[0038] 5- Strong magnet; 6- Battery management system;

[0039] 7-Energy storage converter; 8-Control server;

[0040] 9-Monitoring system; 10-Fire sprinkler cooling pipeline;

[0041] 11-base; 12-cooling exhaust fan;

[0042] 13- shutters; 14- cabinet;

[0043] 15-fire blanket motor; 16-transformer;

[0044] 17- Fire nozzle; 18- Display panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, which are intended to explain the present invention rather than to limit it.

[0046] The present invention provides a lithium battery safety energy storage cabinet, comprising a cabinet door 1, a cabinet body 14, an energy storage system, a heat dissipation and fire protection system, and a control system. The energy storage management system, the heat dissipation and fire protection system, and the control system are all arranged inside the cabinet body 14; the energy storage management system comprises a battery module 3, a battery management system 6, and an energy storage system operation management device; the energy storage system operation management device comprises an energy storage converter 7 and a transformer 16.

[0047] refer to Figure 1 As shown, the cabinet 14 is fixed on the base 11, and a ring-shaped strong magnet 5 is arranged on the base 11 around the cabinet 14; the battery module 3, the battery management system 6, the energy storage converter 7, the transformer 16, the heat dissipation and fire protection system and the control system are all arranged inside the cabinet 14; the cabinet 14 is provided with a cabinet door 1 on the front side, and the cabinet door 1 is provided with two. When the cabinet door 1 is closed, the cabinet 14 can form a closed space.

[0048] The material of the cabinet 14 is 45 steel, 35 steel, A3 steel, 40Cr alloy structural steel, HT 150 Gray cast iron, 65Mn steel, 0Cr 18 Ni9 steel, DCCr 12 MoV chrome steel, SKD11 chrome steel, D2 steel, SKD 11 (SLD) one or more of chrome steel, DC53 chrome steel, SKH-9 steel, and ASP-23 steel.

[0049] The battery module 3 is provided with multiple lithium battery channels, which can store electric energy continuously and stably. The battery management system 6 can calculate the remaining capacity SOC and discharge power of the battery module 3, report the battery degradation degree SOH and the remaining capacity SOC state, so as to manage and maintain each battery unit, prevent the battery from being overcharged and over-discharged, extend the battery life, and monitor the battery status.

[0050] The energy storage inverter 7 can realize energy conversion and bidirectional flow between the energy storage battery and the power grid, converting DC power into AC power and outputting it to the power grid, or converting AC power into DC power and storing it in the battery, ensuring efficient and stable operation of the energy storage system.

[0051] The transformer 16 can convert the direct current (DC) generated by the battery pack in the energy storage system into alternating current (AC) compatible with the power grid, perform necessary voltage level conversion, and control the grid connection and disconnection of a lithium battery safety energy storage cabinet.

[0052] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the heat dissipation fire fighting system includes a blanket cabin 2, a fire sprinkler cooling pipe 10 and a ventilation and cooling system; the fire sprinkler cooling pipe 10 is arranged around the battery module 3 and is connected to a fire nozzle 17 for fire extinguishing, and the ventilation and cooling system is arranged on the side wall of the cabinet 14;

[0053] Fire blankets 4 are provided on the top and bottom surfaces of the cabinet 14. The blanket cabin 2 is provided on the top of the cabinet 14, and four fire blanket reels are installed therein, which are parallel to the four sides of the top of the cabinet 14, respectively. The fire blanket 4 can be kept from burning under extremely high temperature conditions. The fire blanket reels are connected to fire blanket motors 15 that drive them to rotate. Each fire blanket reel is wound with a fire blanket 4, and a strong magnet 5 is connected to the end of each fire blanket 4. When the battery module in the energy storage cabinet is locally overheated due to internal short circuits and other reasons and causes a fire, the automatically deployed fire blanket can be deployed within seconds and quickly cover the cabinet.

[0054] After the fire blanket reel releases the fire blanket 4, under the action of gravity and magnetic force, the strong magnet 5 at the end of the fire blanket 4 is attracted to the annular strong magnet 5 arranged around the cabinet 14, connecting the fire blanket 4 to the base 11, and the fire blankets placed around the cabinet 14 cooperate with the fire blankets 4 arranged on the top and bottom of the cabinet 14, so that the cabinet 14 is isolated from the external environment.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, the ventilation and cooling system includes a cooling exhaust fan 12 and a shutter 13 arranged on the rear side wall of the cabinet 14. The cooling exhaust fan 12 and the shutter 13 are used for heat dissipation and smoke exhaust of the cabinet 14. Two cooling exhaust fans 12 are provided, and the shutter 13 is provided with a plurality of through holes.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, the fire sprinkler cooling pipe 10 surrounds the outer circumference of the battery module 3 and is provided with a fire nozzle 17. The fire sprinkler cooling pipe 10 is built with circulating cooling water, and the battery module is cooled by water cooling circulation. Once the cabinet 14 catches fire, water can be sprayed through the fire nozzle 17 to extinguish the fire.

[0057] like Figure 6 As shown, the control system provided in the cabinet 14 of the present invention includes a control server 8, a monitoring system 9 and a display panel 18. The control server 8 is connected to the battery management system 6, the energy storage converter 7, the transformer 16, and the heat dissipation and fire protection system. The control server 8 receives and processes the electrical signals transmitted by the battery management system 6, the energy storage converter 7, the transformer 16, the monitoring system 9, and the heat dissipation and fire protection system, and adjusts and controls the operating status of each device.

[0058] The display panel 18 is arranged on the cabinet door to display the working parameters of each device in the cabinet 14. The monitoring system 9 includes temperature sensors, flame sensors, gas sensors and smoke sensors arranged at different positions in the cabinet 14, which can monitor the fire, smoke and combustible gas inside the cabinet 14. The control system also performs a self-check on the cabinet status through the control server 8 before the cabinet 14 works.

[0059] The following will describe the use of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments:

[0060] Lithium batteries of a certain specification and quantity are placed in the cabinet 14, and the system self-check is performed through the control server. The working parameters of each device are displayed through the display panel 18. If the cabinet parameters meet the preset threshold, the system will start running normally; if they exceed the threshold range, an early warning signal will be issued through the display panel 18 and the system will be stopped to ensure the normal operation of each working unit function.

[0061] During operation, the battery management system calculates the remaining capacity SOC and discharge power of the battery module 3, reports the battery degradation degree SOH and the remaining capacity SOC state, so as to manage and maintain each battery unit, prevent the battery from overcharging and overdischarging, extend the battery life, and monitor the battery status;

[0062] When the monitoring system 9 detects one or more situations such as abnormal temperature, fire, smoke or combustible gas inside the cabinet 14, it transmits different electrical signals to the control server 8. Then the control server 8 can cut off the energy storage converter 7, transformer 16 and battery management system 6 circuits, disconnect the network, and start the heat dissipation fire protection system to reduce losses.

[0063] refer to Figure 7 As shown, the response sequence of the sensors of the monitoring system 9 is: temperature response, combustible gas and smoke response, and flame response. When the temperature exceeds 60°C, the control system controls the fire sprinkler cooling pipe 10 and the cooling exhaust fan 12 to start working to cool down. When the temperature exceeds 130°C, the electrolyte and other chemicals inside the battery begin to decompose, produce combustible gas and smoke, and release them inside the cabinet 14. At this time, the gas smoke response will be triggered, and the control system controls the cooling exhaust fan 12 to accelerate the rotation to promote the discharge of combustible gas and smoke in the cabinet 14 to prevent explosion when encountering an ignition source. When a flame is generated in the cabinet 14, the flame response is triggered at this time, and the control system controls the fire blanket release device to release the fire blanket 4 to isolate the cabinet from the surroundings to prevent the fire from spreading further. In addition, the control system also controls the fire nozzle 17 to spray water to extinguish the fire. Greatly improve the safety and economy of the equipment.

[0064] Battery fire and explosion involve multiple fields such as electrochemistry, thermodynamics and fluid mechanics. The process of battery fire and explosion is as follows.

[0065] 1. Initial stage: The battery may experience thermal runaway due to overcharge, overdischarge, internal short circuit or external high temperature. At this stage, the chemical reaction inside the battery begins to become unstable and the battery temperature gradually rises.

[0066] 2. Gas generation: As the temperature continues to rise, the electrolyte and other chemicals inside the battery begin to decompose and produce gases such as hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, etc. These gases accumulate inside the battery, causing the internal pressure of the battery to increase.

[0067] 3. Safety valve opens: When the internal pressure of the battery reaches a certain level, the safety valve of the battery may open, releasing some gas and heat. This process may be accompanied by the generation of smoke.

[0068] 4. Thermal runaway intensifies: If thermal runaway continues to develop, the reaction inside the battery will become more violent, and the temperature and pressure will further increase, which may cause the battery casing to rupture and release more flammable gases.

[0069] 5. Combustion or explosion: When the flammable gas inside the battery mixes with the air to a certain ratio and encounters an ignition source, combustion or explosion may occur. The combustion at this stage may be very violent because the chemical reaction inside the battery provides continuous energy.

[0070] 6. Fire spread: In a battery pack or battery energy storage system, thermal runaway of one battery may trigger thermal runaway of surrounding batteries, forming a chain reaction and leading to a larger-scale fire.

[0071] 7. Release of toxic gases: During the thermal runaway process, in addition to flammable and explosive gases, toxic gases such as hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, sulfur dioxide and hydrogen cyanide may also be produced, posing a threat to human health and the environment.

[0072] Post-processing: Due to the particularity of thermal runaway of lithium batteries, traditional fire extinguishing methods may be difficult to effectively extinguish lithium battery fires. Special fire extinguishing agents and methods are required, such as using a large amount of water to cool the battery and control the fire. The present invention uses a fire blanket to isolate the burning cabinet from the outside world to prevent the fire from igniting surrounding cabinets or other items, and performs fire sprinklers inside to quickly extinguish fires in the closed environment of the lithium battery safety energy storage cabinet.

Claims

1. A lithium battery safety energy storage cabinet, characterized by: It comprises a cabinet (14) and an energy storage system, a heat dissipation and fire fighting system and a control system arranged in the cabinet; The cabinet (14) is fixed on the base (11); the energy storage management system, the heat dissipation and fire protection system and the control system are all arranged inside the cabinet (14); the energy storage management system comprises a battery module (3), a battery management system (6) and an energy storage system operation management device; The heat dissipation fire protection system comprises a blanket cabin (2), a fire sprinkler cooling pipeline (10) and a ventilation and cooling system; a fire blanket (4) is arranged on the top and bottom surfaces of the cabinet (14); the blanket cabin (2) is arranged on the top of the cabinet (14); a fire blanket placing device is arranged in the blanket cabin (2); a fire blanket arranged around the cabinet (14) in the blanket cabin (2) is lowered by the fire blanket placing device; the fire blanket lowered around the cabinet (14) and the fire blanket (4) arranged on the top and bottom of the cabinet (14) isolate the cabinet (14) from the external environment; the fire sprinkler cooling pipeline (10) is arranged around the battery module (3) and is connected to a fire nozzle (17) for extinguishing fire; and the ventilation and cooling system is arranged on the side wall of the cabinet (14); The control system comprises a control server (8), a monitoring system (9) and a display panel (18); the control server (8) is connected to a battery management system (6), an energy storage system operation management device, and a heat dissipation and fire protection system; the control server (8) receives and processes electrical signals transmitted by the battery management system (6), the energy storage system operation management device, the monitoring system (9), and the heat dissipation and fire protection system, and adjusts and controls the operating state of each device; the monitoring system (9) comprises temperature sensors, flame sensors, gas sensors, and smoke sensors arranged at different positions in the cabinet (14); and the display panel (18) is used to display the operating parameters of each device in the cabinet (14).

2. The lithium battery safety energy storage cabinet according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fire blanket dispensing device comprises four fire blanket reels respectively arranged parallel to the four sides of the top of a cabinet (14), the fire blanket reels being connected to a fire blanket motor (15) for driving the reels to rotate, a fire blanket (4) being wound around each fire blanket reel, a strong magnet (5) being connected to the end of each fire blanket (4), and a ring-shaped strong magnet (5) being arranged on the base (11) around the cabinet (14).

3. The lithium battery safety energy storage cabinet according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The ventilation and cooling system comprises a cooling exhaust fan (12) and a shutter (13) arranged on the rear side wall of the cabinet (14) for heat dissipation and smoke exhaust of the cabinet (14).

4. The lithium battery safety energy storage cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cabinet body (14) is provided with a cabinet door (1) on the front side. When the cabinet door (1) is closed, a closed space is formed inside the cabinet body (14). The display panel (18) is provided on the cabinet door (1).

5. The lithium battery safety energy storage cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery module (3) is provided with a plurality of lithium battery channels and is capable of storing electric energy continuously and stably.

6. The lithium battery safety energy storage cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The battery management system (6) calculates the remaining capacity SOC and discharge power of the battery module (3), reports the battery degradation degree SOH and the remaining capacity SOC state, manages and maintains each battery unit, and monitors the battery state.

7. The lithium battery safety energy storage cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The energy storage system operation management device comprises an energy storage converter (7) and a transformer (16). The energy storage converter (7) realizes energy conversion and bidirectional flow between the energy storage battery and the power grid; the transformer (16) is used for voltage level conversion and controlling the connection and disconnection of the electric cabinet to the grid.

8. The lithium battery safety energy storage cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The material of the cabinet (14) is 45 steel, 35 steel, A3 steel, 40Cr alloy structural steel, HT 150 Gray cast iron, 65Mn steel, 0Cr 18 Ni9 steel, DCCr 12 MoV chrome steel, SKD11 chrome steel, D2 steel, SKD 11 One or more of chrome steel, DC53 chrome steel, SKH-9 steel, and ASP-23 steel.

9. An operation management method for a lithium battery safety energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: During operation, the battery management system calculates the remaining capacity SOC and discharge power of the battery module (3), reports the battery degradation degree SOH and the remaining capacity SOC state, manages and maintains each battery unit, prevents the battery from being overcharged and over-discharged, prolongs the battery life, and monitors the battery status; The control system monitors the environmental status inside the cabinet, and the response order of the monitoring system (9) sensor is: temperature response, combustible gas and smoke response, and flame response; when the temperature exceeds 60°C, the control system controls the fire sprinkler cooling pipe (10) and the cooling exhaust fan (12) to start working to reduce the temperature; When the temperature exceeds 130° C., the electrolyte and other chemical substances inside the battery begin to decompose, generating combustible gas and smoke that are released inside the cabinet (14). At this time, a gas smoke response is triggered, and the control system controls the cooling exhaust fan (12) to accelerate the rotation, thereby promoting the discharge of combustible gas and smoke inside the cabinet (14) to prevent explosion when encountering an ignition source; When a flame is generated in the cabinet (14), a flame response is triggered, and the control system controls the fire blanket release device to release the fire blanket (4) to isolate the cabinet from the surroundings to prevent the fire from spreading further; the control system also controls the fire nozzle (17) to spray water to extinguish the fire.

10. The operation management method of the lithium battery safety energy storage cabinet according to claim 9 is characterized in that: Before the energy storage cabinet starts to operate, a system self-check is performed through the control server, and the operating parameters of each component are displayed through the display panel (18). If the cabinet parameters meet the preset threshold value, the cabinet starts to operate normally; if they exceed the threshold range, an early warning signal is issued through the display panel (18) and the system operation is stopped.

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