Natural river bank imitating type multifunctional wetland purification system

Abstract

The invention relates to a natural river bank imitating type multifunctional wetland purification system which comprises a hydraulic regulation and control distribution unit, a water quality purification unit and a river bank ecological landform remodeling unit which are connected in series, and water flow sequentially flows through the hydraulic regulation and control distribution unit, the water quality purification unit and the river bank ecological landform remodeling unit. Then the water flows to an external river channel from the river bank ecological landform remodeling unit; the hydraulic regulation and control distribution unit comprises a sewage treatment plant and a water intake pump station, the water quality purification unit comprises at least more than one nature-imitating strengthening system and at least more than one ecological pond, the river bank ecological landform remodeling unit comprises a floodplain, the floodplain is close to a river channel, and the floodplain is located between the whole water quality purification unit and the river channel; the sewage treatment plant is connected with the water intake pumping station, the water intake pumping station is connected with the nearest nature-imitating strengthening system, the nature-imitating strengthening system and the ecological pond which are adjacent to each other are connected, and the water quality purification unit is connected with the river channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water purification and ecological restoration, and in particular to a natural riverbank-like multifunctional wetland purification system. Background Art

[0002] At present, due to abnormal climate problems, droughts and other extreme weather conditions frequently occur in both the north and south and the east and west. In particular, arid regions such as the north and northwest have long faced water shortages and water quality deterioration. River water purification and ecological restoration have become key challenges for environmental protection in the region. Due to the dry climate and low precipitation, the flow of rivers in the north is unstable, the self-purification capacity of rivers is greatly reduced, and pollutants are easily accumulated in rivers, especially the accumulation of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus and heavy metals, which not only destroys the ecological balance of water bodies, but also threatens the sustainable use of water resources.

[0003] At present, the technical means used for water purification mainly include physical, chemical and biological methods. However, traditional methods have many limitations when applied in the arid areas of the north. Although physical and chemical purification technologies have good purification effects, they have high operating costs, are difficult to maintain, and are prone to secondary pollution. Most of the existing wetland purification systems are artificially constructed wetlands, which are mainly suitable for humid areas. It is difficult to fully play their role in water purification and ecological restoration in the arid climate of the north; especially in terms of hydraulic regulation and ecosystem restoration, traditional artificial wetland technology lacks design that adapts to the natural conditions of arid areas, resulting in low water purification efficiency and limited ecological restoration function.

[0004] As human activities intensify, pollutant loads from agricultural runoff and urban drainage increase, making it difficult for existing wetland purification systems to cope with water pollution in northern rivers. Common problems include the formation of hydraulic dead zones, poor wetland plant growth, and insufficient activity of microbial communities within wetlands, which further affect water purification efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a multifunctional wetland purification system that can adapt to the northern arid areas. It can combine natural ecological design, improve water purification efficiency through reasonable hydraulic regulation and wetland plant root repair function, and restore the natural ecosystem of the riparian zone. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a natural riverbank-like multifunctional wetland purification system, which can overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: The present invention provides a multifunctional wetland purification system imitating a natural river bank, comprising a hydraulic regulation and distribution unit, a water quality purification unit, and a river bank ecological landform remodeling unit connected in series, wherein water flows through the hydraulic regulation and distribution unit, the water quality purification unit, and the river bank ecological landform remodeling unit in sequence, and then flows from the river bank ecological landform remodeling unit to an external river channel; The hydraulic regulation and distribution unit includes a sewage treatment plant and a water intake pump station. The water purification unit includes at least one simulated natural enhancement system and at least one ecological pond. The riverbank ecological landform reconstruction unit includes a floodplain, which is adjacent to the river channel and located between the entire water purification unit and the river channel. The sewage treatment plant is connected to the water intake pump station, which is connected to the nearest simulated natural enhancement system, and the adjacent simulated natural enhancement systems and ecological ponds are connected to each other. The water purification unit is connected to the river channel. The connection in the natural riverbank-like multifunctional wetland purification system is achieved through a connecting passage, and the connecting passage between the water purification unit and the river passes through the floodplain; During implementation, the hydraulic control and distribution unit is used for the control and distribution of water volume, the water purification unit is used for the enhancement of water quality, and the riverbank ecological landform reconstruction unit is used for the reconstruction of riverbank ecological landform.

[0008] Preferably, all the nature-stimulating systems and ecological ponds are connected in series in an alternating manner.

[0009] Preferably, all the nature-imitation intensification systems are connected in series in sequence to form a nature-imitation intensification system module, all the ecological ponds are connected in series in sequence to form an ecological pond module, and the nature-imitation intensification system module and the ecological pond module are connected in series end to end.

[0010] Preferably, the water purification unit includes a natural enhancement system and two ecological ponds connected in series, the natural enhancement system is connected to a water intake pump station, the water intake pump station is connected to a sewage treatment plant, the natural enhancement system is connected to an adjacent ecological pond, and the river channel is connected to another adjacent ecological pond.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting passage is a pipeline, a channel or a trench, and can also be realized by other existing methods, depending on actual needs.

[0012] Preferably, the water purification unit is connected to the river via a connecting passage passing through the floodplain.

[0013] Preferably, a filling mechanism is provided in the simulated natural enhancement system, and the filling mechanism includes a thick fine sand layer, a coarse sand layer, a thick small-size gravel layer, and a large-size gravel layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom. During implementation, the filling mechanism in the wetland is composed of large-size gravel, small-size gravel, coarse sand and fine sand, and is combined with hydraulic control to achieve efficient purification of water quality. The first layer (bottom layer) is a large-size gravel layer with large-size gravel, which is mainly used to physically filter larger suspended matter and ensure that water can pass smoothly, providing a good infiltration environment; the second layer is a thick small-size gravel layer with small-size gravel, which further improves the physical filtration effect, effectively intercepts medium-size pollutants, and provides more contact surfaces between the water body and the wetland filler; the third layer is a coarse sand layer with coarse sand, which is mainly used to further remove finer suspended matter and provide uniform water flow distribution for the upper fine sand layer; the fourth layer (top layer) is a thick fine sand layer with fine sand, which is the finest layer for filtration and can intercept the finest suspended matter and particulate matter to enhance the purification effect. The thick fine sand layer also provides a habitat for microorganisms, and uses the decomposition of microorganisms to remove organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients in the water. The thickness of each layer in the filler structure is preferably 300mm. The multifunctional wetland purification system imitating natural riverbank can thus successfully construct the interface area of ​​the plant bed-trench system of the wetland root hole ecological purification zone and the efficient purification filler system, combining the synergistic effect of multi-level fillers with plant roots and microorganisms to effectively remove micro-pollutants in the water.

[0014] Preferably, the thickness of the thick fine sand layer, the coarse sand layer, the thick small-size crushed stone layer and the large-size crushed stone layer are all preferably 300 mm.

[0015] Preferably, an S-shaped water distribution system is provided in the filler mechanism of the simulated natural enhancement system. The S-shaped water distribution system can further optimize the water flow path, prolong the contact time between the water body and the wetland filler, and increase the purification efficiency.

[0016] Preferably, grass seeds are sown on the surface layer within the scope of the natural riverbank-type multifunctional wetland purification system and covered with vegetation, wherein the vegetation includes ryegrass and tall fescue.

[0017] Preferably, the ecological pond adopts a water ecosystem with submerged and emergent plants as the core.

[0018] Preferably, the riverbank ecological geomorphology reconstruction unit also includes a diversion ditch and an interception belt located at a mid-slope position. The interception belt can be composed of a porous cement board, located on both sides of the river channel and below the diversion ditch. By constructing a multi-layer filter bed frame and a percolation dam frame between the interception belt and the diversion ditch, the frame is filled with a composite matrix (such as gravel, fly ash and peat), and wetland and emergent plants are planted on the surface of the filter bed and the percolation dam, the pollutant removal effect is effectively improved.

[0019] Preferably, the natural riverbank-simulating multifunctional wetland purification system adopts a series structure of a pretreatment area, a wetland root hole ecological purification area and a deep purification area. The large ditches, small ditches and plant beds in the wetland root hole ecological purification area form a parallel body to achieve a series-parallel combination.

[0020] Beneficial effects achieved by this product: This disclosure constructs an organically coordinated hydraulic regulation and distribution unit, a water purification unit, and a riverbank ecological landform reconstruction unit through a sewage treatment plant, a water intake pump station, a natural reinforcement system, an ecological pond, a connecting passage, and a river floodplain, which can be applied to various drought, water shortage, soil erosion and other areas. The unit components of this disclosure are simple in structure, easy to manage, low in operating costs, and highly operable. Through the rational layout of hydraulic design and wetland ecosystems, the river and the wetland are organically combined, and the efficient purification of river water quality and the ecological restoration of the riverbank are achieved. In this disclosure, the natural ecological wetland structure is simulated through the natural reinforcement system, and combined with plant restoration and microbial purification functions, the water quality and ecological functions of the river are further improved.

[0021] The hydraulic control and distribution unit in the present invention can also adopt a reasonable vertical design and hydraulic gradient through the cooperation of the sewage treatment plant and the water intake pump station, and combine the water supply and distribution control of the bayonet and the plug, so as to realize a variety of hydraulic operation management modes, ensure the uniform flow of water in the wetland, reduce the generation of hydraulic dead zones, and thus improve the efficiency of water purification.

[0022] The hydraulic control and distribution unit in the present disclosure can also be designed with multi-level gate control to achieve refined flow regulation for different pollution loads to cope with changes in river flow and fluctuations in pollutant concentrations.

[0023] In the present disclosure, the riverbank ecological landform remodeling unit and the water purification unit work closely together, making the riverbank ecological landform remodeling unit closer to the design of the natural riverbank zone, thereby realizing the remodeling of the riverbank ecological landform and forming a wetland root pore system. Combined with large-particle and small-particle filler layers, the wetland's ability to filter and remove pollutants is significantly improved, and the natural ecological restoration of the riverbank zone is promoted.

[0024] In the present disclosure, an S-shaped water distribution system is provided in the filler mechanism of the imitation natural enhancement system to ensure that the water flows along the tortuous design streamline in the wetland, thereby extending the contact time between the water body and each layer of filler. After the sewage passes through the enhanced treatment area, the water flow bends along the S-shaped curve many times, passes through each layer of filler for purification layer by layer, and finally enters the outlet water catchment area. Through this design, the purification process of the water flow is enhanced to ensure that the sewage has been fully treated before reaching the outlet water catchment area, and maximizes the removal of organic pollutants, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients. The large-particle gravel, small-particle gravel, coarse sand and fine sand used in the filler mechanism of the present disclosure have the advantages of light weight, high porosity, stable chemical properties, etc., and can be obtained locally to meet different treatment requirements. Especially in the treatment of sewage with high nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, functional fillers further improve the removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus. The strong combination of the S-shaped water distribution structure and the filler mechanism, combined with reasonable hydraulic regulation, local enhanced aeration, step-by-step water intake, enhanced physical media and other processes, can further enhance the edge filtration effect of the water-land transition zone, thereby improving the removal rate of various substances in the wetland.

[0025] In the present disclosure, submerged plants and emergent plants can be planted in the ecological pond, thereby increasing the dissolved oxygen content of the water body, improving the water quality, repairing the hydrological landform of the river, and restoring the integrity of the ecosystem in the river. The system not only improves the ecological treatment capacity, but also provides support for the ecological restoration of the river.

[0026] The technical solution disclosed in the present invention fully implements the concept of natural river ecological restoration, combines hydraulic regulation technology, wetland ecosystem and river ecological restoration, not only realizes the water purification function, but also promotes the ecological restoration of the river bank and the improvement of biodiversity, and has significant environmental benefits and ecological value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a natural riverbank-like multifunctional wetland purification system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a top view and a main perspective sectional view of the natural enhancement system described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the process of implementing the natural riverbank-simulating multifunctional wetland purification system described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1. Sewage treatment plant; 2. Water intake pump station; 3. Natural enhancement system; 301. Thick fine sand layer; 302. Coarse sand layer; 303. Thick small-size gravel layer; 304. Large-size gravel layer; 305. S-shaped water distribution system; 4. Ecological pond; 5. Connecting passage; 6. Floodplain; 7. River channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1-3 As shown, in order to facilitate understanding of the above technical solutions of the present invention, the above technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below through specific usage methods.

[0034] When used, the natural riverbank-like multifunctional wetland purification system comprises a hydraulic regulation and distribution unit, a water purification unit, and a riverbank ecological landform remodeling unit connected in series, and water flows through the hydraulic regulation and distribution unit, the water purification unit, and the riverbank ecological landform remodeling unit in sequence, and then flows from the riverbank ecological landform remodeling unit to the external river channel 7; The hydraulic regulation and distribution unit includes a sewage treatment plant 1 and a water intake pump station 2, the water purification unit includes at least one simulated natural enhancement system 3 and at least one ecological pond 4, the riverbank ecological landform reconstruction unit includes a floodplain 6, the floodplain 6 is adjacent to a river channel 7, and the floodplain 6 is located between the entire water purification unit and the river channel 7; the sewage treatment plant 1 is connected to the water intake pump station 2, the water intake pump station 2 is connected to the nearest simulated natural enhancement system 3, the adjacent simulated natural enhancement systems 3 and ecological ponds 4 are connected, and the water purification unit is connected to the river channel 7; The connection in the natural riverbank-like multifunctional wetland purification system is achieved through a connecting passage 5 , and the connecting passage 5 between the water purification unit and the river 7 passes through the floodplain 6 ; During implementation, the hydraulic control and distribution unit is used for the control and distribution of water volume, the water purification unit is used for the enhancement of water quality, and the riverbank ecological landform reconstruction unit is used for the reconstruction of riverbank ecological landform.

[0035] In a certain embodiment, all the nature-simulating enhancement systems 3 and ecological ponds 4 are connected in series in an alternating manner.

[0036] In one embodiment, all the nature-imitation intensification systems 3 are connected in series to form a nature-imitation intensification system module, all the ecological ponds 4 are connected in series to form an ecological pond module, and the nature-imitation intensification system module and the ecological pond module are connected in series end to end.

[0037] In a certain embodiment, the water purification unit includes a natural enhancement system 3 and two ecological ponds 4 connected in series, the natural enhancement system 3 is connected to the water intake pump station 2, the water intake pump station 2 is connected to the sewage treatment plant 1, the natural enhancement system 3 is connected to the ecological pond 4 adjacent to it, and the river channel 7 is connected to another ecological pond 4 adjacent to it.

[0038] In one embodiment, the connecting passage 5 is a pipe, a channel or a trench, and may also be implemented by other existing methods, depending on actual needs.

[0039] In one embodiment, the water purification unit is connected to the river 7 via a connecting passage 5 passing through the floodplain 6 .

[0040] In one embodiment, a filling mechanism is provided in the simulated natural enhancement system 3, and the filling mechanism includes a thick fine sand layer 301, a coarse sand layer 302, a thick small-size gravel layer 303, and a large-size gravel layer 304, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. During implementation, the filling mechanism in the wetland includes large-size gravel, small-size gravel, coarse sand and fine sand, and is combined with hydraulic control to achieve efficient purification of water quality. The first layer (bottom layer) is a large-size gravel layer 304 with large-size gravel, which is mainly used to physically filter larger suspended matter and ensure that water can pass smoothly, providing a good infiltration environment; the second layer is a thick small-size gravel layer 303 with small-size gravel, which further improves the physical filtration effect, effectively intercepts medium-size pollutants, and provides more contact surfaces between the water body and the wetland filler; the third layer is a coarse sand layer 302 with coarse sand, which is mainly used to further remove finer suspended matter and provide uniform water flow distribution for the upper fine sand layer; the fourth layer (uppermost layer) is a thick fine sand layer 301 with fine sand, which is the finest layer for filtration and can intercept the finest suspended matter and particulate matter to enhance the purification effect. The thick fine sand layer 301 also provides a habitat for microorganisms, and uses the decomposition of microorganisms to remove organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients in the water. The thickness of each layer in the filler structure is preferably 300 mm. The multifunctional wetland purification system imitating natural riverbank can thus successfully construct the interface area of ​​the plant bed-trench system of the wetland root hole ecological purification zone and the efficient purification filler system, combining the synergistic effect of multi-level fillers with plant roots and microorganisms to effectively remove micro-pollutants in the water.

[0041] In one embodiment, the thickness of the thick fine sand layer 301, the coarse sand layer 302, the thick small-size crushed stone layer 303, and the large-size crushed stone layer 304 are preferably all 300 mm.

[0042] In one embodiment, an S-shaped water distribution system 305 is provided in the filler mechanism of the natural enhancement system 3. The S-shaped water distribution system 305 can further optimize the water flow path, prolong the contact time between the water body and the wetland filler, and increase the purification efficiency.

[0043] In one embodiment, grass seeds are sown on the surface layer within the scope of the natural riverbank-type multifunctional wetland purification system and covered with vegetation, including ryegrass and tall fescue. After the construction is completed, the surface layer of the wetland can be covered with grass seeds and vegetation. The sowing method should be mainly manual sowing, among which the sowing amount of tall fescue is preferably 20 g / m-35 g / m, the sowing amount of bluegrass is preferably 8 g / m-15 g / m, and the perennial ryegrass is preferably 25 g / m-40 g / m. After sowing, it should be filled and compacted in time, and the thickness of the cover (or sand) should be 0.5 cm-1 cm.

[0044] In one embodiment, when planting within the scope of the natural riverbank-type multifunctional wetland purification system, the requirements for planting soil may be: the excavated soil from the existing site can be used for planting after being processed, and the excavated existing soil must be cleaned, garbage, weeds, debris, gravel, rubble, etc. must be removed, and sieved to ensure the fine density and uniformity of the soil. After meeting the planting requirements, the soil is layered according to the requirements of the drawings.

[0045] In a certain embodiment, the ecological pond 4 adopts a water ecosystem with submerged and emergent plants as the core.

[0046] In one embodiment, the riverbank ecological geomorphology remodeling unit also includes a diversion ditch and an interception belt located at a mid-slope position. The interception belt can be composed of a porous cement board, located on both sides of the river channel and below the diversion ditch. By constructing a multi-layer filter bed frame and a percolation dam frame between the interception belt and the diversion ditch, the frame is filled with a composite matrix (such as gravel, fly ash and peat), and wetland and emergent plants are planted on the surface of the filter bed and the percolation dam, the pollutant removal effect is effectively improved.

[0047] In one embodiment, a multifunctional wetland purification system imitating natural riverbanks adopts a series structure of a pretreatment area, a wetland root hole ecological purification area and a deep purification area. The large ditches, small ditches and plant beds in the wetland root hole ecological purification area form a parallel body to achieve a series-parallel combination.

[0048] In one embodiment, the natural riverbank-like multifunctional wetland purification system further includes a water quality monitoring unit, so as to automatically collect and analyze the final purified water quality data and the treatment effect of each unit. When water quality abnormalities occur, the abnormal unit is automatically located, the problem is discovered in time and repair measures are taken. The water quality monitoring unit can be implemented using existing technology.

[0049] In one embodiment, the ecological pond 4 can be a newly excavated pond body, which can be combined with the current topography of the river channel 7, and can be constructed and arranged around the edge of the main river channel. The designed water depth is 1-2m, the slope ratio is not less than 1:3, and the bottom is treated for anti-seepage. The water effluent from the soil infiltration system and the simulated natural enhanced wetland system in the tailwater wetland purification project is deeply treated, and multi-stage waterfalls are used to enter the main river channel to complete the ecological enhancement of the effluent from the sewage treatment plant and further improve the water quality. The effluent quality after treatment by the ecological pond system meets the surface water level Class III standard in the "Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard" (GB3838-2002).

[0050] In a certain embodiment, the eco-pond 4 can adopt a soft bottom method. After the pond body is excavated, the bottom soil is rammed, and a coarse sand cushion layer with a thickness of 200mm is laid with a compaction degree ≧85%. Then a PE anti-seepage membrane is laid, and a geotextile protective layer is arranged above and below the anti-seepage membrane; then 600mm thick planting soil is backfilled in layers, first backfilling the planting soil with a thickness of 200mm, with a compaction degree ≧85%, and finally backfilling the planting soil with a thickness of 400mm; finally, the surrounding terrain is leveled and connected, and the area between the eco-pond and the main riverbed is backfilled and reinforced.

[0051] In one embodiment, the ecological pond 4 can be waterproofed by two cloths and one membrane: the staple needle nonwoven geotextile substrate has two layers, one layer on the top and one layer on the bottom; the waterproof membrane is a PE membrane, with one layer.

[0052] In a certain embodiment, the ecological pond 4 can be provided with an inner step-down retaining wall, which can be made of an internal reinforced concrete structure with a landscape stone exterior to create a natural landscape stone stacking effect. The concrete structure cushion layer is 200mm thick, and a 200mm thick gravel cushion layer is set below. The landscape stones are stacked in layers, and the side length of the landscape stones is controlled at 300-800mm, and the thickness is 200-400mm. They are placed on site by professional landscape stone masters. While meeting the requirements of water retention and overflow, the aesthetic effect must be reflected at the same time. The local landscape stones can be appropriately above the water surface to create an effect; grouting is used between the landscape stones to ensure firmness, and attention should be paid to the grouting not being exposed; the landscape stones and the lower concrete cushion layer need to be extended outward by 2m at the junction with the pond edge to ensure the requirements of the water retaining structure. In a certain embodiment, for the drainage of the ecological pond 4, a drainage pipe is set between each ecological pond and the lower ecological pond and the main river channel. The pipe adopts a 150mm diameter PVC pipe. The setting position is set according to the actual situation on site to ensure the drainage function. A barrier net needs to be installed at both ends of the pipe to avoid garbage blockage.

[0053] In a certain embodiment, the ecological pond 4 can build an aquatic ecosystem by constructing three types of aquatic plant communities, namely submerged plants, emergent plants and floating plants, and designing the aquatic vegetation coverage to be ≥30%, thereby improving the water quality and strengthening the ecology of the effluent from the previous system, effectively enhancing the self-purification capacity of the water body, and maintaining long-term good water quality.

[0054] In a certain embodiment, the design of the plant community follows the principles of ecological safety, landscape, adaptability and functionality. In the process of plant selection, the plant varieties with high pollution resistance and high purification capacity, which are widely used in ecological restoration projects, mature technology, good landscape, high survival rate and strong adaptability, are mainly selected from local native species. When arranging plants, the diversity of aquatic plants is taken into consideration at the same time. On the basis of controlling the advantages of excellent variety populations, a multi-variety and multi-combination matching method is adopted to select plants for planting in a targeted manner according to different water depths, which not only ensures the adaptability of different plants to the underwater environment, but also takes into account the later landscape effect. Submerged plants can be goldfish algae and water chestnuts, and micro-toothed pondweed and small algae can also be planted to increase the diversity of submerged plant communities; emergent plants select reeds, cattails, loosestrife, lotus, water onion, dwarf cattail and rush for planting.

[0055] Working principle: The hydraulic control and distribution unit includes a sewage treatment plant 1 and a water intake pump station 2. The sewage treatment plant 1 receives domestic sewage or industrial sewage, etc., and treats its water quality into a water flow that meets national standards (such as Class A standards). The water is then extracted by the water intake pump station 2 and transferred to the water purification unit (natural enhancement system 3, ecological pond 4) for purification and enhancement, and then circulated through the connecting passage 5 and finally flows into the river 7.

[0056] The hydraulic control and distribution unit can adopt reasonable vertical design and hydraulic gradient, and combine the bayonet and plug water distribution control to realize multiple hydraulic operation management modes, ensure the uniform flow of water in the wetland, reduce the generation of hydraulic dead zones, and thus improve the efficiency of water purification. The hydraulic control and distribution unit can further achieve refined flow regulation for different pollution loads by adding multi-level bayonet control to cope with changes in river flow and fluctuations in pollutant concentrations.

[0057] The present disclosure realizes the organic combination of river and wetland through the organic coordination of hydraulic regulation and distribution unit, water purification unit and riverbank ecological landform remodeling unit. The water purification unit can adopt the process of imitating nature through reasonable hydraulic regulation, local enhanced aeration, step-by-step water intake, enhanced physical medium and other processes, which can further enhance the edge filtering effect of the water-land interlaced zone, thereby improving the wetland's removal rate of various substances to strengthen the system 3 and the ecological pond 4. The riverbank ecological landform remodeling unit can adopt the river floodplain 6 and the river channel 7, and then combine the assistance of the connecting passage 5 and the river floodplain 6 to achieve the remodeling of the riverbank ecological landform and form a wetland root hole system. Combined with large-size and small-size filler layers, the wetland's ability to filter and remove pollutants is significantly improved, and the natural ecological restoration of the riverbank is promoted.

[0058] The present disclosure can further strengthen the edge filtering effect of the water-land ecotone through reasonable hydraulic regulation, local enhanced aeration, step-by-step water intake, and enhanced physical media, thereby improving the removal rate of various substances in the wetland. The surface layer within the scope of the natural riverbank multifunctional wetland purification system is sown with grass seeds for vegetation coverage, such as ryegrass and tall fescue. These grass plants can quickly form a surface cover layer to prevent soil erosion, enhance the landscape effect of the wetland, and provide more biological support for water purification and ecological restoration in the wetland. In the water quality optimization unit, the coordination relationship between the natural reinforcement system 3 and the ecological purification pond 4 is relatively flexible. A multi-stage ecological pond combination composed of multiple ecological ponds 4 in series can be adopted, or the natural reinforcement system 3 and the ecological pond 4 can be staggered or more flexibly staggered. The ecological pond 4 can adopt a water body ecosystem with submerged and emergent plants as the core to achieve the purpose of deep purification of incoming water, regulation and storage, and increase of dissolved oxygen in the water body. While creating ecological treatment measures, the river hydrological landform is repaired and the integrity of the ecosystem in the river is restored.

[0059] In the present disclosure, a multi-stage ecological purification pond combination can be used to plant submerged plants, emergent plants and floating plants in each pond to form a deep purification area. This ecosystem deeply purifies the tail water through plant absorption, filtration and photosynthesis, further reduces nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body, ensures that the effluent water quality meets the national surface water Class III-IV standards, and at the same time controls water volume fluctuations through the regulation and storage function, enhances the self-purification capacity of the wetland, and improves the ecological water volume and water quality assurance of the river.

[0060] The riverbank ecological geomorphology remodeling module can include a diversion ditch and an interception belt located at the mid-slope position. The interception belt can be composed of porous cement boards and is located on both sides of the river channel and below the diversion ditch. By constructing a multi-layer filter bed frame and a percolation dam frame between the interception belt and the diversion ditch, the frame is filled with a composite matrix (such as gravel, fly ash and peat), and wetland and emergent plants are planted on the surface of the filter bed and the percolation dam, the pollutant removal effect can be effectively improved.

[0061] The multifunctional wetland purification system imitating natural riverbank can adopt a series structure of a pretreatment area, a wetland root hole ecological purification area and a deep purification area. The large ditches, small ditches and plant beds in the wetland root hole ecological purification area form a parallel body combined in series and parallel, so that the interface area (boundary area) of the plant bed-ditch system is a "high-efficiency reaction zone" (an area with high microbial abundance and strong activity) for the enhanced removal of various substances in the wetland. Strengthening the reaction activity of the "high-efficiency reaction zone" can maximize the function and edge effect of the water-land transition zone.

[0062] In summary, this product adopts the above-mentioned unique design. The present invention constructs an organically coordinated hydraulic regulation and distribution unit, a water quality optimization unit, and a riverbank ecological landform reconstruction unit through a sewage treatment plant, a water intake pump station, a natural reinforcement system, an ecological purification pond, a connecting passage, and a river floodplain. The unit components of the present invention are simple in structure, easy to manage, low in operating costs, and highly operable. Through the layout of a reasonable hydraulic design and a wetland ecosystem, the river and the wetland are organically combined, and the efficient purification of river water quality and the ecological restoration of the riverbank are achieved. In the present invention, the natural ecological wetland structure is simulated by the natural reinforcement system, and the water quality and ecological function of the river are further improved by combining the plant restoration and microbial purification functions. The hydraulic regulation and distribution unit in the present invention can also adopt a reasonable vertical design and hydraulic gradient through the cooperation of the sewage treatment plant and the water intake pump station, and combine the bayonet and plug water volume distribution control to achieve a variety of hydraulic operation management modes, ensure the uniform flow of water in the wetland, reduce the generation of hydraulic dead zones, and thus improve the efficiency of water purification.

[0063] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional wetland purification system imitating natural riverbank, characterized in that: It comprises a hydraulic regulation and distribution unit, a water purification unit, and a riverbank ecological landform remodeling unit connected in series, and water flows through the hydraulic regulation and distribution unit, the water purification unit, and the riverbank ecological landform remodeling unit in sequence, and then flows from the riverbank ecological landform remodeling unit to an external river channel (7); The hydraulic regulation and distribution unit comprises a sewage treatment plant (1) and a water intake pump station (2); the water purification unit comprises at least one simulated natural enhancement system (3) and at least one ecological pond (4); the riverbank ecological landform reconstruction unit comprises a floodplain (6); the floodplain (6) is adjacent to the river channel (7); the floodplain (6) is located between the entire water purification unit and the river channel (7); the sewage treatment plant (1) is connected to the water intake pump station (2); the water intake pump station (2) is connected to the simulated natural enhancement system (3) closest to it; the simulated natural enhancement system (3) and the ecological pond (4) adjacent to each other are connected; and the water purification unit is connected to the river channel (7); The connection in the natural riverbank-like multifunctional wetland purification system is achieved through a connecting passage (5), and the connecting passage (5) between the water purification unit and the river channel (7) passes through the floodplain (6); During implementation, the hydraulic regulation and distribution unit is used for regulating and distributing water volume, the water purification unit is used for enhancing water quality, and the riverbank ecological landform remodeling unit is used for remodeling the riverbank ecological landform.

2. The natural riverbank-like multifunctional wetland purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: All the nature-simulating reinforcement systems (3) and ecological ponds (4) are connected in series in an alternating manner.

3. The natural riverbank-like multifunctional wetland purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: All the nature-imitation reinforcement systems (3) are connected in series to form a nature-imitation reinforcement system module, all the ecological ponds (4) are connected in series to form an ecological pond module, and the nature-imitation reinforcement system module and the ecological pond module are connected in series end to end.

4. The natural riverbank-like multifunctional wetland purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water purification unit comprises a simulated nature enhancement system (3) and two ecological ponds (4) connected in series, wherein the simulated nature enhancement system (3) is connected to the water intake pump station (2), the water intake pump station (2) is connected to the sewage treatment plant (1), the simulated nature enhancement system (3) is connected to the ecological pond (4) adjacent thereto, and the river channel (7) is connected to another ecological pond (4) adjacent thereto.

5. The natural riverbank-like multifunctional wetland purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting passage (5) is a pipeline, a channel or a trench.

6. The natural riverbank-like multifunctional wetland purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated natural strengthening system (3) is provided with a filling mechanism, which comprises a thick fine sand layer (301), a coarse sand layer (302), a thick small-grained gravel layer (303), and a large-grained gravel layer (304) arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

7. The natural riverbank-like multifunctional wetland purification system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the thick fine sand layer (301), the coarse sand layer (302), the thick small-size crushed stone layer (303), and the large-size crushed stone layer (304) are all 300 mm.

8. The natural riverbank-like multifunctional wetland purification system according to claim 6, characterized in that: An S-shaped water distribution system (305) is provided in the packing mechanism of the simulated natural enhancement system (3).

9. The natural riverbank-like multifunctional wetland purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface layer within the scope of the natural riverbank-type multifunctional wetland purification system is sown with grass seeds and covered with vegetation, wherein the vegetation includes ryegrass and tall fescue; The ecological pond (4) adopts a water body ecosystem with submerged and emergent plants as the core.

10. The natural riverbank-like multifunctional wetland purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The riverbank ecological geomorphology remodeling unit also includes a water diversion ditch and an interception belt located at the mid-slope position; The natural riverbank-simulating multifunctional wetland purification system adopts a series structure of a pretreatment area, a wetland root hole ecological purification area and a deep purification area. The large trenches, small trenches and plant beds in the wetland root hole ecological purification area form a parallel body to achieve a series-parallel combination.

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