Cladding material high temperature oxidation quenching experiment system and method under nuclear reactor severe accident

Abstract

The application discloses a cladding material high-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system and method under a nuclear reactor severe accident, and the experimental system comprises a gas supply system, a heating experimental section, a cooling system and a rapid quenching system. The gas supply system is used for providing mixed gas of water vapor and argon; the heating experimental section is composed of an infrared radiation heating furnace and a quartz glass tube. The rapid quenching system is composed of a constant-temperature water tank, a high-temperature resistant hose, a quenching quartz glass and a moving slide rail. The experimental system can realize the following functions: under the environment of inputting reaction atmosphere such as water vapor, the experimental sample and the atmosphere in the reaction region are heated at an ultra-high heating rate of greater than 100 DEG C / s, the highest temperature is up to 1400 DEG C, and the sample is rapidly quenched after high-temperature water vapor oxidation experiment. As a new type of experimental device of ultra-high heating rate heating, coupling reaction atmosphere such as water vapor and rapid quenching, the experimental device has a good application prospect in the field of micro and macro mechanism research after high-temperature reaction and quenching of materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-temperature oxidation and quenching experimental performance testing of structural materials, and in particular to a system and method for testing the high-temperature water vapor oxidation and quenching behavior of cladding materials under severe nuclear reactor accidents. Background Art

[0002] Nuclear fuel elements are the energy source of nuclear power plants and the core components of reactors.

[0003] To improve the inherent safety of fuel elements, the concept of accident-tolerant fuel (ATF) has been proposed and has become a research hotspot both domestically and internationally. To apply ATF to commercial light-water reactors (LWRs), researchers have conducted extensive theoretical and experimental research, focusing on the development and selection of novel claddings. Currently, the most promising new cladding for commercial application is Cr-coated Zr cladding. However, in the event of an accident beyond the design basis, the reactor core temperature could rise above the Cr-Zr eutectic temperature. Therefore, within the CEA-Framatome-EDF Joint Nuclear Fuel Program, the concept of "Enhanced Accident Tolerant Fuel" (EATF) for light-water reactors (LWRs) has been proposed. To expand the database and better understand the response time and temperature of EATF, research has been extended to lower and higher oxidation temperatures, including "design extended conditions" (DECs) up to 1500°C. Existing studies have shown that the eutectic reaction between the chromium coating and the zirconium substrate occurs in the temperature range of 1300 to 1330°C. The temperature at which the Cr-Zr eutectic reaction occurs in Cr-coated Zr alloy cladding is related to the coating preparation method and thickness. After the eutectic reaction, the Cr coating and Zr form a liquid phase, which greatly accelerates the rate of Cr coating consumption and may lead to a rapid loss of the Cr coating's oxidation resistance. Research on the potential impact of this reaction on high-temperature oxidation behavior and related embrittlement / failure behavior is still in its infancy. Suitable experimental systems are currently unavailable that can reasonably control the heating rate in a high-temperature water vapor environment and achieve rapid quenching after oxidation to simulate the accident environment of the cladding. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system and method for cladding materials under severe nuclear reactor accidents. The system and method are high-temperature oxidation heating quenching experimental systems and methods that can pass water vapor. By precisely controlling the heating rate and target temperature, the high-temperature oxidation quenching behavior and subsequent mechanical properties of the cladding under accident conditions are simulated.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The nuclear reactor severe accident under the cladding material high temperature oxidation quenching experiment system, the first argon bottle 1 and the second argon bottle 2 are connected in series through the external first valve 101 and the second valve 102 and the corresponding pipeline with the argon main pipeline, a first thermocouple 201 and a first flow meter 401 are installed on the argon main pipeline; the steam generator 3 is connected with the external deionized water pipeline through the third valve 103, the second thermocouple 202 and the first pressure sensor 301 are the temperature and pressure detection devices of the steam generator 3, the first water level meter 501 is the water level detection device of the steam generator 3; the bypass discharge of steam is realized through the fourth valve 104, the steam is sent into the argon main pipeline through the fifth valve 105 and the second flow meter 402 and mixed with argon according to the preset proportion, the water vapor temperature is measured through the third thermocouple 203; the gas main pipeline is connected with the vacuum pump 4 through the sixth valve 106; the gas inlet 6 of the heating quenching device is connected with the mixed gas pipeline through the static gas mixer 5 and the seventh valve 107, the mixed gas entering the heating quenching device is uniformly mixed through the static gas mixer 5, the mixed gas pipeline is provided with heating wires to realize temperature control of the mixed gas; the mixed gas pipeline is provided with the second pressure sensor 302 and the fourth thermocouple 204; the heating quenching device includes an infrared radiation heating furnace 12, a constant temperature water tank 10, a high temperature resistant hose 9, a quartz glass tube 13, a sealing ring 20, a quenching quartz glass tube 8, an upper track sliding block clamp 16, a lower track sliding block clamp 7, a sliding rail support 17 and a water chiller 11; the mixed gas enters the quartz glass tube 13 in the infrared radiation heating furnace 12 through the gas inlet 6, the cladding sample is hung in the infrared focusing heating area 21 in the middle of the quartz glass tube 13, and the mixed gas is discharged through the gas outlet 14 of the heating quenching device; the gold-plated reflecting surface in the infrared radiation heating furnace 12 is cooled through the water chiller 11; the water flow of the pipeline of the water chiller 11 is detected through the third flow meter 403, and the size of the pipeline flow of the water chiller 11 is controlled through the eighth valve 108; the height of the cladding sample in the infrared focusing heating area 21 is adjusted through the upper track sliding block clamp 16 on the upper part of the sliding rail support 17 to realize uniform heating; the opening and closing state of the lower end of the quartz glass tube 13 is controlled through the sealing ring 20 located at the lower end of the quartz glass tube 13; the quenching quartz glass tube 8 is clamped through the lower track sliding block clamp 7 on the lower part of the sliding rail support 17 to realize the up and down movement of the quenching quartz glass tube 8 in the quartz glass tube 13 to realize the rapid quenching of the cladding sample after the high temperature oxidation test of the cladding sample is completed. The heating temperature of the cladding sample is collected through the fast response bare type fifth thermocouple 205; the heating cladding sample temperature sequence is obtained through the data acquisition system 18 connected with the bare type fifth thermocouple 205, and the cladding sample temperature control in the high temperature steam oxidation experiment is realized through the infrared radiation heating furnace temperature control system 19 connected with the infrared radiation heating furnace 12.

[0007] The infrared radiation heating furnace 12 uses four high-power tungsten filament infrared radiation lamps as heat sources, and the heating elements of the infrared radiation lamps are sealed in quartz glass; the infrared short-wave reflection and focusing are achieved by gold plating on the stainless steel surface; the middle of the infrared radiation heating furnace is a quartz glass tube 13.

[0008] The slide rail bracket 17 automatically controls the up and down movement of the upper track slider fixture 16 and the lower track slider fixture 7.

[0009] The quenching device is provided with constant temperature water by a constant temperature water tank 10, and the water in the quenching quartz glass tube 8 and the constant temperature water tank 10 is exchanged through a high temperature resistant hose 9 to achieve constant temperature and movement; the quenching quartz glass tube 8 is quickly moved by automatic control to achieve rapid quenching of the sample after the high temperature oxidation experiment.

[0010] The infrared radiation heating furnace temperature control system 19 uses a PID algorithm to control a constant heating rate to achieve temperature control of the cladding sample in the high-temperature steam oxidation experiment.

[0011] The infrared radiation heating furnace 12 can achieve a temperature increase of 1400° C. at a heating rate greater than 100° C. / s under water vapor conditions.

[0012] The data acquisition system 18 includes a data acquisition card connected to the No. 5 thermocouple 205 of the experimental circuit through a junction box, a measurement module and a signal conditioner, and a computer-driven software module.

[0013] The cladding sample is suspended in the infrared focusing heating area 21 in the middle of the quartz glass tube 13 by hanging a platinum-rhodium wire 15; the upper track slider clamp 16 on the upper part of the slide rail bracket 17 clamps the suspended platinum-rhodium wire 15 to adjust the height of the cladding sample in the infrared focusing heating area 21 to achieve uniform heating.

[0014] The experimental method of the high-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for cladding materials under severe nuclear reactor accidents is to realize high-temperature oxidation experiments of cladding materials in a water vapor environment through the experimental system, and to quickly quench the cladding materials after the high-temperature steam oxidation experiments to obtain the mechanical properties of the cladding materials; before the experiment begins, all valves are kept closed, and the cladding samples are first measured for mass multiple times using a high-precision electronic balance to obtain an average value; then, valve No. 3 103 is opened to introduce deionized water into the steam generator 3, and then valve No. 3 103 is closed after the water reaches the specified level; valve No. 6 106 and vacuum pump 4 are opened to evacuate the gas in the experimental pipeline, and then Then close valve No. 6 106; use argon bottle No. 1 1 to provide argon for the experiment, and use argon bottle No. 2 2 as a backup; open valve No. 101 to introduce argon to remove the air in the experimental pipeline and the quartz glass tube 13; open valve No. 5 105 to send the steam generated by the steam generator 3 into the argon main pipeline; open the static gas mixer 5 and valve No. 7 107 to mix the argon and steam evenly; determine the water vapor temperature in the mixed gas pipeline by adjusting the heating wire of the mixed gas pipeline and the collected temperature of the thermocouple No. 4 204; close the sealing ring 20, and the argon and water vapor mixed gas will flow upward along the quartz glass tube 13 The air moves and flows out from the air outlet 14; the cladding sample is connected to the upper track slider fixture 16 by using the hanging platinum-rhodium wire 15, and the upper track slider fixture 16 of the slide rail bracket 17 is started to move the cladding sample to the bottom of the infrared focused heating area 21; the infrared radiation heating furnace 12 is started to set the preset heating rate and target temperature to start heating; the chiller 11 is started to dissipate heat and cool the stainless steel gold-plated reflective wall of the infrared radiation heating furnace 12; the data acquisition system 18 is started to use the fast-responding exposed No. 5 thermocouple 205 to collect the cladding sample temperature information and transmit it to the infrared radiation heating furnace temperature control system 19 to realize the infrared heating furnace heating. Rate and temperature control; when the high-temperature water vapor oxidation time is about to end, open the sealing ring 20 at the lower end of the quartz glass tube 13; start the lower track slider fixture 7 of the slide rail bracket 17 to move the quenched quartz glass tube 8 to the bottom end of the infrared focused heating area 21; when the high-temperature water vapor oxidation time ends, turn off the infrared radiation heating furnace 12 and quickly start the lower track slider fixture 7 to move the quenched quartz glass tube 8 upward to quickly quench the cladding sample after the high-temperature oxidation experiment; start the upper track slider fixture 16 of the slide rail bracket 17 to move the cladding sample to the upper end and remove it, and close each pipeline valve and experimental instrument in turn;

[0015] After the experiment, the taken-out cladding samples will be measured for mass multiple times using a high-precision electronic balance to obtain the average value; the cladding sample cross-section characterization parts will be prepared using metallographic preparation materials, and the oxidation behavior will be characterized using advanced characterization methods such as EDS, SEM or TEM; the cladding sample will be circumferentially compressed at a preset displacement rate using a circumferential compression testing machine to obtain the stress-strain curve of the cladding sample after quenching, and the offset strain of the cladding sample will be further obtained to characterize its mechanical properties.

[0016] Compared with the current traditional heating technology, the experimental heating system of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] (1) High-precision sample temperature control: By combining the infrared radiation furnace and the infrared radiation heating furnace temperature control system, the heating rate and temperature of the cladding sample can be controlled with high precision. In addition, the cooling rate and heat preservation at any temperature can also be controlled with high precision.

[0018] (2) High-speed heating / cooling: High-energy-density infrared radiation lamps and gold-plated reflective walls can achieve ultra-high heating rates to high temperatures.

[0019] (3) Clean heating: The heating element of the infrared radiation lamp is sealed in quartz glass and is not affected by the heating element gas. In addition, no insulator is used in the infrared radiation furnace, which is not polluted by dust and gas compared with the resistance furnace.

[0020] (4) Heating / cooling under various atmospheres: Heating / cooling can be carried out in a static or flowing state under vacuum, high-purity inert gas and water vapor. The operation is simple and a heating / cooling chamber made of quartz glass is used, in which infrared rays can be transmitted.

[0021] The experimental quenching system of this invention offers the following advantages over conventional technologies: Through precise control of the upper and lower track slider fixtures of the slide rail support, the designed quenching system achieves rapid quenching after the high-temperature steam oxidation experiment, reducing the time the cladding sample is exposed to air. By moving the quenching quartz glass tube upward, the impact caused by the cladding sample directly falling into water, as in conventional techniques, is avoided. This makes the simulated high-temperature steam oxidation quenching experiment more realistic, facilitating a clearer understanding of the residual mechanical properties of the cladding material after high-temperature steam oxidation quenching following severe accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the high-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for cladding materials in case of severe accidents in nuclear reactors according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental process of the infrared radiation furnace and the quenching system in the high-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for cladding materials under severe accidents of nuclear reactors of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1The present invention illustrates a high-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system and method for cladding materials in the event of a severe nuclear reactor accident. The experimental system comprises a gas supply system, a heating experimental section, a cooling system, and a rapid quenching system. The gas supply system provides a mixture of water vapor and argon. The heating experimental section consists of an infrared radiation heating furnace, a suspended platinum-rhodium wire, and a quartz glass tube. The rapid quenching system comprises a constant-temperature water tank, a high-temperature-resistant hose, quenching quartz glass, and a movable slide. In the gas supply system, argon cylinders No. 1 and No. 2 are connected in series to the argon main pipeline via external valves No. 1 and No. 2, respectively, 101 and 102, and corresponding pipelines. A thermocouple No. 1 and a flowmeter No. 1 are installed on the argon main pipeline. The steam generator 3 is connected to an external deionized water pipeline via valve No. 3. Thermocouple No. 2 and pressure sensor No. 1 serve as temperature and pressure sensors for the steam generator 3, while a water level gauge No. 1 and 501 serve as water level sensors for the steam generator 3. Steam is bypassed through valve No. 4 104. Through valve No. 5 105 and flowmeter No. 2 402, the steam is fed into the argon main pipeline and mixed with argon at a specific ratio. The temperature of the discharged water vapor is measured by thermocouple No. 3 203. Valve No. 6 106 connects the gas main pipeline to the vacuum pump 4. The air inlet 6 of the heating and quenching device is connected to the mixed gas pipeline via a static gas mixer 5 and valve No. 7 107. The mixed gas entering the heating and quenching device is evenly mixed by the static gas mixer 5. The mixed gas pipeline is equipped with a heating wire to control the mixed gas temperature. The mixed gas pipeline is also equipped with pressure sensor No. 2 302 and thermocouple No. 4 204. The heating and quenching device primarily consists of an infrared radiation heating furnace 12, a constant temperature water tank 10, a high-temperature resistant hose 9, a quartz glass tube 13, a sealing ring 20, a quenching quartz glass tube 8, an upper track slider fixture 16, a lower track slider fixture 7, a slide rail bracket 17, a chiller 11, and a platinum-rhodium suspension wire 15. The mixed gas enters the quartz glass tube 13 in the infrared radiation heating furnace 12 through the gas inlet 6. The cladding sample is suspended in the infrared focused heating zone 21 in the center of the quartz glass tube 13 via a platinum-rhodium wire 15. The mixed gas is discharged through the gas outlet 14 of the heating and quenching device. The gold-plated reflective surface in the infrared radiation heating furnace 12 is cooled by the chiller 11. The water flow in the chiller 11 pipeline is measured by the No. 3 flowmeter 403, and the flow rate is controlled by the No. 8 valve 108. The upper track slider fixture 16 on the upper part of the slide rail bracket 17 adjusts the height of the cladding sample in the infrared focused heating zone 21 to achieve uniform heating. The opening and closing state of the lower end of the quartz glass tube 13 is controlled by the sealing ring 20. The quenching quartz glass tube 8 is moved up and down within the quartz glass tube 13 by the lower track slider fixture 7 on the lower part of the slide rail bracket 17, enabling rapid quenching of the cladding sample after the high-temperature oxidation test. The sample heating temperature is measured by a fast-response exposed No. 5 thermocouple 205.The temperature sequence of the heating cladding sample is obtained by the data acquisition system 18 connected with the exposed type No. 5 thermocouple 205, and the temperature control of the cladding sample in the high-temperature steam oxidation experiment is realized by the infrared radiation furnace temperature control system 19 connected with the infrared radiation furnace 12.

[0026] As shown in Figure 2 The heating and quenching device is provided with constant temperature water by the constant temperature water tank 10, and the opening and closing state of the lower end of the quartz glass tube 13 is controlled by the sealing ring 20. The water in the quenching quartz glass tube 8 and the constant temperature water tank 10 is exchanged through the high-temperature resistant hose 9 to realize constant temperature and movement. The automatic control fast-moving quenching quartz glass tube 8 realizes the rapid quenching of the sample after the high-temperature steam oxidation experiment. The infrared radiation furnace 12 is opened in the high-temperature oxidation stage and the quenching stage, the cladding sample is heated in the infrared focusing heating area, and the quenching quartz glass tube 8 is adjusted to different heights by the lower track slider clamp 7 to prepare for rapid quenching. Once the oxidation experiment is completed, the infrared radiation furnace 12 is closed immediately, as shown in Figure 2 The infrared focusing heating area disappears in the quenching stage, the lower track slider clamp 7 is adjusted upward to move the quenching quartz glass tube 8, so that the cladding sample is rapidly quenched.

[0027] The experimental operation process is as follows: before the experiment starts, all valves are kept closed. First, the high-precision electronic balance is used to measure the mass of the cladding sample three times to take the average value. Open the third valve 103 to introduce deionized water into the steam generator 3 to reach the specified water level, and then close the third valve 103. Open the sixth valve 106 and the vacuum pump 4 to vacuum the gas in the experimental pipeline, and then close the sixth valve 106. Use the first argon cylinder 1 to provide argon for the experiment, and the second argon cylinder 2 as a backup. Open the first valve 101 to introduce argon to completely remove the air in the experimental pipeline and the quartz glass tube 13. Open the fifth valve 105 to send the steam generated by the steam generator 3 into the argon main pipeline. Open the static gas mixer 5 and the seventh valve 107 to mix the argon and steam uniformly. The temperature of the mixed gas pipeline is determined by adjusting the heating wire and the collected fourth thermocouple 204. Close the sealing ring 20, and the argon and water vapor mixed gas will flow upward along the quartz glass tube 13 and flow out from the gas outlet 14. The platinum-rhodium wire 15 is used to connect the cladding sample and the upper rail slider clamp 16, and the upper rail slider clamp 16 of the slide rail support 17 is started to move the cladding sample to the bottom end of the infrared focusing heating area 21. Start the infrared radiation heating furnace 12 to set a certain heating rate and target temperature to start heating; start the water chiller 11 to cool the stainless steel gold-plated reflecting wall of the infrared radiation heating furnace 12; start the data acquisition system 18 to collect the temperature information of the cladding sample using the fast-response bare five thermocouples 205 and transmit it to the infrared radiation heating furnace temperature control system 19 to realize the heating rate and temperature control of the infrared heating furnace. When the high-temperature water vapor oxidation time is about to end, open the sealing ring 20 at the lower end of the quartz glass tube 13. Start the lower rail slider clamp 7 of the slide rail support 17 to move the quenching quartz glass tube 8 to the bottom end of the infrared focusing heating area 21. When the high-temperature water vapor oxidation time ends, the infrared radiation heating furnace 12 is closed, and the lower rail slider clamp 7 is quickly started to move the quenching quartz glass tube 8 upward, quickly quenching the cladding sample after high-temperature oxidation. Start the upper rail slider clamp 16 of the slide rail support 17 to move the cladding sample to the upper end and take it out, and then close the pipeline valves and experimental instruments in turn. After the experiment is finished, the cladding sample taken out is measured three times by the high-precision electronic balance to take the average value. The cross-section of the cladding sample is prepared by metallographic preparation, and the oxidation behavior is characterized by EDS, SEM, TEM and other advanced characterization methods. The cladding sample is subjected to ring compression at a certain displacement rate by using a ring compression testing machine to obtain the stress-strain curve of the cladding sample after quenching, and further obtain the offset strain of the cladding sample to characterize the mechanical properties.

[0028] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with specific principles. It cannot be determined that the specific implementation scheme of the present invention is limited to this. For practitioners to whom the present invention belongs, simple deductions or replacements made without departing from the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. High-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for cladding materials under severe nuclear reactor accidents, characterized by: The first argon cylinder (1) and the second argon cylinder (2) are connected in series with the argon main pipeline through the external first valve (101) and the second valve (102) and the corresponding pipelines, and the first thermocouple (201) and the first flow meter (401) are installed on the argon main pipeline; the steam generator (3) is connected to the external deionized water pipeline through the third valve (103), the second thermocouple (202) and the first pressure sensor (301) are the temperature and pressure detection devices of the steam generator (3), and the first water level gauge (501) is the water level detection device of the steam generator (3); the bypass discharge of steam is realized through the fourth valve (104), and the steam is discharged through the fifth valve (105) and the second flow meter (402). ) steam is sent into the argon main pipeline and mixed with argon in a preset ratio, and the water vapor temperature is measured by the third thermocouple (203); the gas main pipeline is connected to the vacuum pump (4) through the sixth valve (106); the air inlet (6) of the heating and quenching device is connected to the mixed gas pipeline through the static gas mixer (5) and the seventh valve (107), and the mixed gas entering the heating and quenching device is evenly mixed through the static gas mixer (5). The mixed gas pipeline is equipped with a heating wire to achieve temperature control of the mixed gas; the mixed gas pipeline is equipped with a second pressure sensor (302) and a fourth thermocouple (204); the heating and quenching device includes an infrared radiation heating furnace (12), a constant temperature water tank (10), a high temperature resistant Hose (9), quartz glass tube (13), sealing ring (20), quenched quartz glass tube (8), upper track slider fixture (16), lower track slider fixture (7), slide rail bracket (17) and chiller (11); mixed gas enters the quartz glass tube (13) in the infrared radiation heating furnace (12) through the air inlet (6), the shell sample is suspended in the infrared focusing heating area (21) in the middle of the quartz glass tube (13), and the mixed gas is discharged through the air outlet (14) of the heating and quenching device; the gold-plated reflective surface in the infrared radiation heating furnace (12) is cooled by the chiller (11); the water flow in the chiller (11) pipeline is detected by the No. 3 flow meter (403), and the No. 8 valve (1 08) controlling the flow rate of the chiller (11) pipeline; adjusting the height of the cladding sample in the infrared focusing heating area (21) by the upper track slider fixture (16) on the upper part of the slide rail bracket (17) to achieve uniform heating; controlling the opening and closing state of the lower end of the quartz glass tube (13) by the sealing ring (20) located at the lower end of the quartz glass tube (13); clamping the quenched quartz glass tube (8) by the lower track slider fixture (7) on the lower part of the slide rail bracket (17) to achieve the up and down movement of the quenched quartz glass tube (8) in the quartz glass tube (13) to achieve rapid quenching of the cladding sample after the high-temperature oxidation test is completed; collecting the cladding sample heating temperature by the fast-responding exposed No. 5 thermocouple (205);The temperature sequence of the heated cladding sample is obtained by a data acquisition system (18) connected to an exposed No. 5 thermocouple (205), and the temperature control of the cladding sample in the high-temperature steam oxidation experiment is achieved by an infrared radiation heating furnace temperature control system (19) connected to an infrared radiation heating furnace (12).

2. The high-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for nuclear reactor severe accident cladding materials according to claim 1 is characterized by: The infrared radiation heating furnace (12) uses four high-power tungsten filament infrared radiation lamps as heat sources, and the heating elements of the infrared radiation lamps are sealed in quartz glass; infrared short-wave reflection and focusing are achieved by gold plating on the stainless steel surface; and a quartz glass tube (13) is located in the middle of the infrared radiation heating furnace.

3. The high-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for nuclear reactor severe accident cladding materials according to claim 1 is characterized by: The slide rail bracket (17) automatically controls the up and down movement of the upper rail slider fixture (16) and the lower rail slider fixture (7).

4. The high-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for nuclear reactor severe accident lower cladding materials according to claim 1 is characterized by: The quenching device is provided with constant temperature water by a constant temperature water tank (10), and the water in the quenching quartz glass tube (8) and the constant temperature water tank (10) is exchanged through a high temperature resistant hose (9) to achieve constant temperature and movement; the quenching quartz glass tube (8) is quickly moved by automatic control to achieve rapid quenching of the sample after the high temperature oxidation experiment is completed.

5. The high-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for nuclear reactor severe accident lower cladding materials according to claim 1 is characterized by: The infrared radiation heating furnace temperature control system (19) adopts a PID algorithm to control a constant heating rate to achieve temperature control of the cladding sample in a high-temperature steam oxidation experiment.

6. The high-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for nuclear reactor severe accident lower cladding materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The infrared radiation heating furnace (12) can achieve a temperature increase to 1400° C. at a heating rate greater than 100° C. / s under water vapor conditions.

7. The high-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for cladding materials under severe accidents of nuclear reactors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition system (18) comprises a data acquisition card connected to a No. 5 thermocouple (205) of the experimental circuit via a junction box, a measurement module and a signal conditioner, and a computer-driven software module.

8. The high-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for cladding materials under severe accidents of nuclear reactors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell sample is suspended in the infrared focusing heating area (21) in the middle of the quartz glass tube (13) by suspending a platinum-rhodium wire (15); the upper track slider clamp (16) on the upper part of the slide rail bracket (17) clamps the suspended platinum-rhodium wire (15) to adjust the height of the shell sample in the infrared focusing heating area (21) to achieve uniform heating.

9. The experimental method of the high-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for cladding materials in case of a severe accident of a nuclear reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The experimental system is used to realize a high-temperature oxidation experiment of the cladding material under a water vapor environment, and after the high-temperature steam oxidation experiment, the cladding material is quickly quenched to obtain the mechanical properties of the cladding material. Before the experiment begins, all valves are kept closed, and the mass of the cladding sample is measured multiple times using a high-precision electronic balance to obtain an average value. Then, the No. 3 valve (103) is opened to introduce deionized water into the steam generator (3) to reach a specified water level, and then the No. 3 valve (103) is closed. The No. 6 valve (106) and the vacuum pump (4) are opened to evacuate the gas in the experimental pipeline, and then the No. 6 valve (106) is closed. The No. 1 argon bottle (1) is used to provide argon for the experiment, and the No. 2 argon bottle (3) is used to provide argon for the experiment. The gas cylinder (2) is used as a backup; the No. 1 valve (101) is opened to introduce argon gas to remove the air in the experimental pipeline and the quartz glass tube (13); the No. 5 valve (105) is opened to send the steam generated by the steam generator (3) into the argon main pipeline; the static gas mixer (5) and the No. 7 valve (107) are opened to mix the argon gas and the steam evenly; the water vapor temperature in the mixed gas pipeline is determined by adjusting the heating wire of the mixed gas pipeline and the collected No. 4 thermocouple (204); the sealing ring (20) is closed, and the argon and water vapor mixed gas will flow upward along the quartz glass tube (13) and flow out from the gas outlet (14); the argon gas and water vapor mixed gas will flow upward along the quartz glass tube (13) and flow out from the gas outlet (14); the argon gas and water vapor mixed gas will flow upward along the quartz glass tube (13) and flow out from the gas outlet (14) by using the hanging platinum rhodium wire (1 5) Connect the cladding sample to the upper track slider fixture (16), start the upper track slider fixture (16) of the slide rail bracket (17) to move the cladding sample to the bottom of the infrared focused heating area (21); start the infrared radiation heating furnace (12) to set the preset heating rate and target temperature to start heating; start the chiller (11) to dissipate heat and cool the stainless steel gold-plated reflective wall of the infrared radiation heating furnace (12); start the data acquisition system (18) to use the fast-responding exposed No. 5 thermocouple (205) to collect the cladding sample temperature information and transmit it to the infrared radiation heating furnace temperature control system (19) to achieve the infrared heating furnace heating rate and temperature control; when the high When the hot water vapor oxidation time is about to end, the sealing ring (20) at the lower end of the quartz glass tube (13) is opened; the lower track slider fixture (7) of the slide rail bracket (17) is started to move the quenched quartz glass tube (8) to the bottom end of the infrared focusing heating area (21); when the high-temperature water vapor oxidation time ends, the infrared radiation heating furnace (12) is closed and the lower track slider fixture (7) is quickly started to move the quenched quartz glass tube (8) upward, so as to quickly quench the cladding sample after the high-temperature oxidation experiment is completed; the upper track slider fixture (16) of the slide rail bracket (17) is started to move the cladding sample to the upper end and take it out, and each pipeline valve and experimental instrument is closed in turn; After the experiment, the taken-out cladding samples will be measured for mass multiple times using a high-precision electronic balance to obtain the average value; the cladding sample cross-section characterization parts will be prepared using metallographic preparation materials, and the oxidation behavior will be characterized using advanced characterization methods such as EDS, SEM or TEM; the cladding sample will be circumferentially compressed at a preset displacement rate using a circumferential compression testing machine to obtain the stress-strain curve of the cladding sample after quenching, and the offset strain of the cladding sample will be further obtained to characterize its mechanical properties.

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