Distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a distributed energy system based on a gas turbine and a compressed air energy storage technology, and belongs to the technical field of distributed energy systems, the distributed energy system comprises a gas turbine unit, a filter, a combustion part arranged at the downstream of the filter, and a heat exchange part arranged at the downstream of the combustion part; the compression energy storage unit comprises a compression part arranged at the downstream of the filter and a first heat exchanger connected between the gas turbine unit and the compression energy storage unit; the system further comprises two heat sources, three cold sources and two power sources. According to the distributed energy system based on the gas-air combined cycle, the gas turbine system and the energy storage system can operate independently, and can operate in a coupling mode at the peak of electricity utilization. The whole system has the combined cooling heating and power supply function and the electric energy storage function, the problem of flexible regulation and control of the cooling heating and power proportion in a conventional CCHP system can be solved, and the efficiency of a conventional compressed air energy storage system can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of distributed energy systems, and in particular to a distributed energy system based on gas turbines and compressed air energy storage technology. Background Art

[0002] Distributed energy system is a new type of energy system. Compared with conventional energy supply system, it has the advantages of safety, reliability, high energy utilization efficiency, environmental friendliness and good economy, and thus has attracted wide attention from all over the world. Distributed cogeneration system is the most promising, practical and dynamic technology in distributed energy system.

[0003] Compressed air energy storage is a large-scale energy storage method with the greatest development potential. It has the advantages of fast dynamic response, low cost, and environmental friendliness. The working process of a typical compressed air energy storage power generation system is as follows: During the low power consumption period of the power grid, relatively cheap and surplus electricity is used to drive the air compressor to compress the air, and the compressed high-pressure air is stored in a specific closed space. During the peak power consumption period, the compressed air can directly drive the turbine to generate power, or the high-pressure air can be mixed with gas and burned to drive the gas turbine to generate power.

[0004] At present, the peak-to-valley ratio of my country's power system load is increasing. In order to ensure the safe and economical operation of the power grid, it is necessary to build an electric energy storage system. However, in the distributed combined cooling, heating and power system, there are disadvantages such as unreasonable energy utilization, inflexible control of the proportion of cooling, heating and electricity, and low operating efficiency. The existing compressed air energy storage and gas combined cycle power generation system simply utilizes the exhaust waste heat of the gas turbine or waste heat boiler, and cannot fully and reasonably combine the two together, thus affecting the operating efficiency of the entire system. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the existing distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a distributed energy system based on gas turbines and compressed air energy storage technology, the purpose of which is to improve the peak-shaving capacity of the system while focusing more on the comprehensive utilization of total energy (cold energy, heat energy and electrical energy) in the compressed air energy storage-gas turbine hybrid system and flexible regulation of the proportion.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: comprising:

[0008] A gas turbine unit comprising a filter, a combustion section disposed downstream of the filter, and a heat exchange section disposed downstream of the combustion section;

[0009] A compression energy storage unit, comprising a compression portion disposed downstream of the filter, and a first heat exchanger connected between the gas turbine unit and the compression energy storage unit;

[0010] It also includes two heat sources, three cold sources, and two power sources.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology described in the present invention, the combustion section includes a compressor unit arranged downstream of the filter, and a combustion chamber arranged downstream of the compressor unit.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology described in the present invention, the combustion part also includes a turbine connected to the outlet of the combustion chamber, and a generator connected to the turbine.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology described in the present invention, the heat exchange part includes a high-temperature flue gas distributor connected to the turbine, and a waste heat boiler connected to the high-temperature flue gas distributor.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology described in the present invention, the heat exchange part also includes a steam lithium bromide refrigeration unit connected to the waste heat boiler, and a high-pressure turbine and a low-pressure turbine connected to the first heat exchanger.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology described in the present invention, the heat exchange part also includes a mixer connected to the low-pressure turbine.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology described in the present invention, the heat exchange part also includes a fan arranged downstream of the filter, a three-way valve arranged downstream of the fan, and a second heat exchanger connected to one end of the three-way valve.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology described in the present invention, the compression part includes a low-pressure compressor and a heat accumulator connected to the low-pressure compressor.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology described in the present invention, the compression part also includes a medium-pressure compressor and a high-pressure compressor parallel to the low-pressure compressor, and an air storage tank connected to the heat accumulator.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology described in the present invention, a pressure reducing valve is arranged between the second heat exchanger and the air storage tank.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the invention: The distributed energy system based on the gas-air combined cycle of the invention includes two heat sources, three cold sources, and two power sources. The gas turbine system and the energy storage system can operate independently, and can be coupled to operate during peak hours of electricity consumption. The entire system has both combined heat, cooling, and power supply and power energy storage functions, which can not only solve the problem of flexible regulation of the ratio of cooling, heating, and electricity in conventional CCHP systems, but also improve the efficiency of conventional compressed air energy storage systems. It is expected to solve the key problems of adaptability and economy encountered in the promotion of distributed energy systems in my country. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Among them:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0025] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0026] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagram. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] Reference Figure 1 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology, the system includes a gas turbine unit 100, including a filter 1, a combustion section 101 arranged downstream of the filter 1, and a heat exchange section 102 arranged downstream of the combustion section 101; air enters the combustion section 101 through the filter 1, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas obtained by the combustion of the fuel expands to generate power, and the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the heat exchange section 102 to provide cold energy and heat energy for users, and the excess high-temperature flue gas enters the next unit as a heat source.

[0029] The compressed energy storage unit 200 includes a compression part 201 disposed downstream of the filter 1, and a first heat exchanger 9 connected between the gas turbine unit 100 and the compressed energy storage unit 200; air passes through the filter 1 and enters the compression part 201 for compression, and stores the heat generated during the compression process. After the compressed air absorbs the heat, the stored compressed air can be released when needed, and expands through the turbine 4 to do work, driving the generator 5 to generate electricity;

[0030] It also includes two heat sources, three cold sources, and two power sources. The gas turbine unit 100 and the compressed energy storage unit 200 can operate independently and can be coupled to operate during peak power consumption;

[0031] Among them, the combustion section 101 includes a compressor unit 2 arranged downstream of the filter 1, and a combustion chamber 3 arranged downstream of the compressor unit 2. By using the filter 1 to clean the air during the compression process, the wear inside the compressor unit 2 and the blockage of the heat exchanger can be reduced, thereby improving the operating efficiency of the entire system.

[0032] The combustion section 101 further includes a turbine 4 connected to the outlet of the combustion chamber 3 and a generator 5 connected to the turbine 4. The high temperature and high pressure environment of the combustion chamber 3 helps to improve the working capacity of the turbine 4 and further enhance the energy conversion efficiency.

[0033] During use, the air first passes through the filter 1 to remove impurities. The clean air is compressed by the compressor unit 2 and then enters the combustion chamber 3 to mix with the fuel and burn. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the combustion drives the turbine 4 to rotate, thereby driving the generator 5 to generate electricity. At the same time, a part of the heat energy is transferred to the compressed energy storage unit 200 through the first heat exchanger 9 for energy storage of compressed air. The heat source and the cold source are used to maintain the temperature balance of the system to ensure the efficient operation of the system. The generated electricity can be supplied to the external load through the power supply, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of energy and reducing energy waste. In addition, through the compressed air energy storage technology, the stored energy can be released during peak demand, thereby balancing the load on the power grid.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] Reference Figure 1 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: the heat exchange part 102 includes a high-temperature flue gas distributor 6 connected to the turbine 4, and a waste heat boiler 7 connected to the high-temperature flue gas distributor 6. By using the high-temperature flue gas distributor 6, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the turbine 4 can be more effectively managed and distributed. The waste heat boiler 7 recovers the heat in the high-temperature flue gas discharged by the turbine 4, and can capture and utilize the heat in the flue gas, thereby realizing the secondary utilization of energy, improving the thermal efficiency of the entire system, and reducing the heat directly discharged into the environment, thereby reducing thermal pollution and being environmentally friendly. By adding the high-temperature flue gas distributor 6 and the waste heat boiler 7 to the heat exchange part 102, the thermal efficiency and energy utilization rate of the system are improved, while the environmental impact is reduced, and the economy and flexibility of the system are enhanced.

[0036] Compared with Example 1, further, the heat exchange part 102 also includes a steam lithium bromide refrigeration unit 8 connected to the waste heat boiler 7, and a high-pressure turbine 10 and a low-pressure turbine 11 connected to the first heat exchanger 9. A part of the steam generated by the waste heat boiler 7 enters the steam lithium bromide refrigeration unit 8 to provide cooling for users, and the other part directly provides heat for users. Connecting the high-pressure turbine 10 and the low-pressure turbine 11 to the first heat exchanger 9 can more effectively utilize the thermal energy generated by the gas turbine. The high-pressure turbine 10 can operate at a higher temperature and pressure, while the low-pressure turbine 11 operates at a lower temperature and pressure. In this way, energy can be recovered at different temperature and pressure levels. Through this design, the system can provide electrical energy, thermal energy and cold energy at the same time, realize the cascade utilization of energy, improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy, enable the system to utilize energy more efficiently, provide more energy products and services, while reducing environmental impact, and enhancing the economy and sustainability of the system.

[0037] Compared with Example 1, further, the heat exchange part 102 also includes a mixer 12 connected to the low-pressure turbine 11. The mixer 12 can promote the mixing of the fluid and reduce the boundary layer resistance between the fluid and the pipe wall, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency, making the heat exchange process more flexible and able to adapt to different working conditions and needs. At the same time, it reduces the residence time of the fluid in the heat exchanger, thereby reducing possible scaling and corrosion problems and improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the system.

[0038] Compared with Example 1, the heat exchange unit 102 further includes a fan 13 arranged downstream of the filter 1, a three-way valve 14 arranged downstream of the fan 13, and a second heat exchanger 15 connected to one end of the three-way valve 14. By adding the second heat exchanger 15, thermal energy can be more effectively utilized and distributed, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the entire system. The use of the three-way valve 14 provides more control options, allowing the system to adjust the flow direction and mixing ratio of the fluid as needed, which helps to optimize fluid dynamics, reduce energy loss, and improve the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange unit 102 and the flexibility of the system. At the same time, it optimizes fluid dynamics, improves energy utilization, reduces environmental impact, and supports the integration of renewable energy, making the system more advantageous in energy management and environmental sustainability.

[0039] The remaining structures are the same as those of Example 1.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] Reference Figure 1 , which is the third embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that: the compression part 201 includes a low-pressure compressor 20, and a heat accumulator 18 connected to the low-pressure compressor 20. The low-pressure compressor 20 can work at a lower pressure, which helps to improve the compression efficiency. At the same time, the heat accumulator 18 allows the system to capture and store heat during the compression process, which is used to preheat the air entering the compressor or for other thermal energy needs when needed, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the entire system, and the preheated air can reduce the load of the compressor, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving the thermal efficiency of the system. .

[0042] Compared with Example 2, further, the compression section 201 also includes a medium-pressure compressor 21 and a high-pressure compressor 22 parallel to the low-pressure compressor 20, and an air storage tank 17 connected to the heat accumulator 18. By adding the medium-pressure compressor 21 and the high-pressure compressor 22, multi-stage compression can be achieved, and each stage compresses the air to a moderate pressure, thereby reducing the high compression ratio brought by single-stage compression, thereby improving the overall compression efficiency and reducing energy consumption. The air storage tank 17 serves as a pressure buffer for the system, balancing the fluctuations in supply and demand of compressed air, reducing the frequent start and stop of the compressor due to fluctuations in gas consumption, and extending the life of the equipment. At the same time, it can also provide a more stable compressed air pressure. This design can be better combined with renewable energy (such as wind energy and solar energy), using electricity generated by renewable energy to compress air, store energy, and improve the utilization rate of renewable energy.

[0043] Compared with Example 2, further, a pressure reducing valve 16 is provided between the second heat exchanger 15 and the air storage tank 17, which can reduce and stabilize the high-pressure gas pressure at the outlet of the second heat exchanger 15 to a desired level, thereby accurately controlling the pressure, improving the efficiency and safety of the entire system, and reducing the pressure shock to the air storage tank 17 and other downstream equipment, thereby extending the service life of the equipment and reducing maintenance costs, and enhancing the safety of the system.

[0044] In summary, the distributed energy system based on the gas-air combined cycle of the present invention includes two heat sources, three cold sources, and two power sources. The gas turbine system and the energy storage system can operate independently, and can be coupled to operate during peak power consumption. The entire system has both combined cooling, heating, and power and power energy storage functions, which can not only solve the problem of flexible regulation of the cooling, heating, and power ratio in conventional CCHP systems, but also improve the efficiency of conventional compressed air energy storage systems. It is expected to solve the key problems of adaptability and economy encountered in the promotion of distributed energy systems in my country.

[0045] The remaining structure is the same as that of Example 2.

[0046] Importantly, it should be noted that the construction and arrangement of the present application shown in a plurality of different exemplary embodiments are only exemplary. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, it should be readily understood by those who refer to this disclosure that many modifications are possible (e.g., the size, scale, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, directional changes, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in the application. For example, the element shown as integrally formed can be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of the element can be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature or number or position of the discrete element can be changed or changed. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps can be changed or reordered according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and is not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent structure. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, other replacements, improvements, changes and omissions can be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments. Therefore, the invention is not limited to a specific embodiment, but extends to numerous modifications still falling within the scope of the appended claims.

[0047] Additionally, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual embodiment (ie, those features that are not relevant to the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention or those that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may not be described.

[0048] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology, characterized in that: include, A gas turbine unit (100) comprising a filter (1), a combustion section (101) arranged downstream of the filter (1), and a heat exchange section (102) arranged downstream of the combustion section (101); A compression energy storage unit (200), comprising a compression portion (201) disposed downstream of the filter (1), and a first heat exchanger (9) connected between the gas turbine unit (100) and the compression energy storage unit (200); It also includes two heat sources, three cold sources, and two power sources.

2. The distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The combustion section (101) comprises a compressor unit (2) arranged downstream of the filter (1), and a combustion chamber (3) arranged downstream of the compressor unit (2).

3. The distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The combustion section (101) further comprises a turbine (4) connected to the outlet of the combustion chamber (3), and a generator (5) connected to the turbine (4).

4. The distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The heat exchange part (102) includes a high-temperature flue gas distributor (6) connected to the turbine (4), and a waste heat boiler (7) connected to the high-temperature flue gas distributor (6).

5. The distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The heat exchange unit (102) further includes a steam lithium bromide refrigeration unit (8) connected to the waste heat boiler (7), and a high-pressure turbine (10) and a low-pressure turbine (11) connected to the first heat exchanger (9).

6. The distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The heat exchange portion (102) further includes a mixer (12) connected to the low-pressure turbine (11).

7. The distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The heat exchange unit (102) further comprises a fan (13) arranged downstream of the filter (1), a three-way valve (14) arranged downstream of the fan (13), and a second heat exchanger (15) connected to one end of the three-way valve (14).

8. The distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The compression unit (201) includes a low-pressure compressor (20) and a heat accumulator (18) connected to the low-pressure compressor (20).

9. The distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology according to claim 8, characterized in that: The compression unit (201) further includes a medium-pressure compressor (21) and a high-pressure compressor (22) arranged in parallel with the low-pressure compressor (20), and an air storage tank (17) connected to the heat accumulator (18).

10. The distributed energy system based on gas turbine and compressed air energy storage technology according to claim 9, characterized in that: A pressure reducing valve (16) is provided between the second heat exchanger (15) and the air storage tank (17).

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