Heat exchange structure, methanol heater and control method

Abstract

The invention provides a heat exchange structure, a methanol heater and a control method.The heat exchange structure is suitable for the methanol heater and comprises a carrier and a flow guide channel, the carrier is used for being in heat conduction connection with the inner wall of a water jacket body of the methanol heater, and the carrier communicates with a combustion chamber of the methanol heater and the flow guide channel of an exhaust pipe; the heat conduction catalyst is coated in the inner cavity of the flow guide channel and used for eliminating harmful gas in waste gas exhausted from the combustion chamber. According to the arrangement, the carrier coated with the heat conduction catalyst is used for replacing a fin structure in the related technology, it is ensured that heat exchange can be achieved between high-temperature waste gas and cooling liquid in the water jacket body, meanwhile, harmful gas in the waste gas can be treated, an after-treatment device does not need to be additionally arranged, the arrangement space of the after-treatment device is ingeniously saved, and the cost is reduced. And the integration level of the methanol heater is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of automobile technology, and in particular to a heat exchange structure, a methanol heater and a control method. Background Art

[0002] The methanol heater is a heating device that uses methanol as fuel. It adopts the method of jet combustion. The heat generated by the combustion of methanol increases the temperature of the coolant in the water jacket of the heater, thereby achieving heat exchange.

[0003] At present, methanol heaters in related technologies are not equipped with post-treatment devices, resulting in the presence of toxic and harmful substances such as HC, CO, and NOx in the exhaust gas of the methanol heater, which poses a risk of polluting the environment and endangering life and health. In addition, methanol heaters in related technologies all use a heat exchange fin structure to exchange heat between the exhaust gas and the coolant. However, since the heat exchange fin structure needs to be connected to the inner wall of the water jacket by welding, it has problems such as long production cycle, low thermal conductivity, and easy damage to the water jacket. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a heat exchange structure to solve the problem of harmful substances in the exhaust gas of the methanol heater in the prior art. In addition, the present application also provides a methanol heater including the above heat exchange structure, and a control method to ensure that the above heat exchange structure can handle harmful substances generated by methanol combustion.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions: A heat exchange structure, applicable to a methanol heater, comprising: A carrier, used for heat-conducting connection with the inner wall of the water jacket of the methanol heater, and a guide channel on the carrier connecting the combustion chamber of the methanol heater and the exhaust pipe; The heat-conducting catalyst is coated on the inner cavity of the flow-conducting channel and is used to eliminate harmful gases in the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber.

[0006] Preferably, the carrier comprises: A first shell is thermally connected to the inner wall of the water jacket of the methanol heater; A second shell is disposed inside the first shell, and a flow guide cavity is formed between the second shell and the first shell; The heat-conducting support member is disposed between the first shell and the second shell, and is used to connect the first shell and the second shell, and divide the flow-conducting cavity into a plurality of the flow-conducting channels.

[0007] Preferably, the heat-conducting support member is an annular structure sleeved on the second shell, and the heat-conducting support member is interference-fitted with both the first shell and the second shell.

[0008] Preferably, the heat-conducting support member is a corrugated plate, and the annular structure is formed by bending, and the bent portions of the corrugated plate protruding in different directions respectively abut against the inner wall of the first shell and the outer wall of the second shell, so that the corrugated surface of the corrugated plate cooperates with the inner wall of the first shell and the outer wall of the second shell to form a plurality of the guide channels extending along the first direction.

[0009] Preferably, the heat-conducting catalyst is coated on the inner wall of the first shell and / or the outer wall of the second shell and / or the heat-conducting support member.

[0010] A methanol heater comprises a combustion chamber, a water jacket, an exhaust pipe and any one of the above heat exchange structures.

[0011] Preferably, the heat exchange structure and the water jacket body are interference fit to achieve a heat-conducting connection between the water jacket body and the heat exchange structure.

[0012] Preferably, a closed-loop control system is further included, wherein the closed-loop control system includes: A front oxygen sensor, disposed on the air inlet side of the heat exchange structure; a rear oxygen sensor, disposed on the exhaust port side of the heat exchange structure; An air flow pressure sensor is arranged at the air inlet of the methanol heater; The controller is signal-connected to the front oxygen sensor, the rear oxygen sensor, the air flow pressure sensor, and the injector and fan of the methanol heater.

[0013] Preferably, the water jacket body is a hollow structure, and the hollow portion of the water jacket body forms a heat exchange medium channel; The closed-loop control system includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor, wherein the first temperature sensor is arranged at the liquid inlet side of the heat exchange medium channel, and the second temperature sensor is arranged at the liquid outlet side of the heat exchange medium channel, and both the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are connected to the controller signal.

[0014] A control method, applicable to the above-mentioned methanol heater, comprises the following steps: Using a controller to receive a first oxygen content signal collected by a front oxygen sensor; According to the first oxygen content signal, the controller is used to adjust the injection amount of the injector of the methanol heater and / or the air intake amount of the methanol heater, so that the oxygen content in the exhaust gas entering the heat exchange structure is within a preset range, and can cooperate with the thermal catalyst to eliminate harmful gases in the exhaust gas.

[0015] Preferably, the method further includes an exhaust gas treatment monitoring step, wherein the exhaust gas treatment monitoring step includes: Using the controller to receive a second oxygen content signal collected by a rear oxygen sensor; The controller is used to compare the first oxygen content signal and the second oxygen content signal to obtain the oxygen consumption in the waste gas treatment stage, and the oxygen consumption is used as a basis for judging the waste gas treatment situation.

[0016] Preferably, the controller is used to receive a flow signal collected by an air flow pressure sensor, and the rotation speed of the fan of the methanol heater is adjusted according to the flow signal to adjust the air intake volume of the methanol heater.

[0017] Preferably, the controller is used to receive the liquid inlet temperature signal collected by the first temperature sensor and the liquid outlet temperature signal collected by the second temperature sensor; Utilizing the controller to analyze the liquid inlet temperature signal and the liquid outlet temperature signal to obtain a temperature difference signal; The controller is used to adjust the fuel injection amount of the injector of the methanol heater and the air intake amount of the methanol heater according to the temperature difference signal to adjust the heating efficiency of the methanol heater.

[0018] The heat exchange structure provided by the present application includes a carrier, on which a guide channel for connecting the combustion chamber and the exhaust pipe of the methanol heater is provided; during the operation of the methanol heater, the high-temperature exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber flows into the above-mentioned guide channel, and flows to the exhaust pipe through the guide channel. During the above process, since there is a temperature difference between the exhaust gas and the coolant in the water jacket body, and the temperature of the exhaust gas is higher than the coolant, the heat in the exhaust gas will flow to the coolant, thereby realizing heat exchange; in addition, since the inner cavity of the guide channel is coated with a heat-conducting catalyst, during the above process, the heat-conducting catalyst will adsorb harmful gases in the exhaust gas and promote oxidation-reduction reaction, thereby avoiding the gas discharged from the methanol heater from polluting the environment. In other words, the heat exchange structure in the present application functionally realizes both heat exchange and treatment of harmful gases; in this way, there is no need to set up a post-processing device separately, which cleverly saves the layout space of the post-processing device, which is conducive to improving the integration of the methanol heater. At the same time, the harmful gas undergoes oxidation-reduction reaction in the heat exchange structure, and the process will release a certain amount of heat, thereby helping to improve the heating efficiency and reduce fuel consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a methanol heater provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view of the methanol heater in FIG. Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the methanol heater along the AA direction; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a heat exchange structure is provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 A flow chart of a control method provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 A flow chart for adjusting heating efficiency provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] exist Figure 1-Figure 6 middle: 1. Fan, 2. Engine head, 3. Air inlet channel, 4. High-pressure package, 5. Oil pump assembly, 6. Injector, 7. Ignition electrode, 8. Air guide cover, 9. Liquid inlet, 10. Pre-combustion chamber, 11. Combustion chamber, 12. Liquid outlet, 13. Water jacket, 14. Rear heater bracket, 15. Heat exchange structure, 16. Exhaust pipe, 17. Front heater bracket, 18. Drive motor, 19. Second temperature sensor, 20. Air flow pressure sensor, 21. Front oxygen sensor, 22. Rear oxygen sensor, 23. First temperature sensor; 301, air inlet; 1301, outer wall of water jacket, 1302, inner wall of water jacket, 1303, guide wall; 1501. A first shell, 1502. A second shell, 1503. A heat-conducting support member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a heat exchange structure 15 suitable for a methanol heater, which uses a carrier (herein, the carrier refers to a structure that provides an attachment surface for the coating of the heat-conducting catalyst; hereinafter the same) of a heat-conducting catalyst (the heat-conducting catalyst here refers to a catalyst that has good heat conduction effect and can cause harmful gases in the exhaust gas generated by methanol combustion to undergo oxidation-reduction reaction, such as platinum, palladium and rhodium, etc.; the same below) to replace the fin structure in the related art, so that the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber 11 can transfer heat to the coolant (which can absorb the heat generated by methanol combustion and transfer the heat to the heat exchange medium in the target area, such as water, etc.) in the water jacket body 13 (which is a component of the methanol heater and is used to transfer the heat generated by methanol combustion, and its specific structure is detailed below) when flowing through the heat exchange structure 15, and can also eliminate harmful gases in the exhaust gas (such as HC, CO, NOx and other gases that can cause environmental pollution) to avoid the methanol burner from having a bad impact on the surrounding environment during operation.

[0024] Specifically, the heat exchange structure 15 in the present application includes a carrier and a heat-conducting catalyst, wherein the carrier is used to be heat-conductingly connected to the inner wall of the water jacket body 13 of the methanol heater, that is, after the heat generated by the combustion of methanol is transferred to the carrier, it can be transferred to the inner wall of the water jacket body 13 through the carrier, and then transferred to the coolant through the inner wall of the water jacket body 13 to achieve heat exchange. A guide channel (here, the guide channel is the outlet channel of the exhaust gas generated after the combustion of methanol) is provided on the carrier to connect the combustion chamber 11 of the methanol heater and the exhaust pipe 16. In this way, the exhaust gas generated after the combustion of methanol can flow from the combustion chamber 11 to the exhaust pipe 16 through the guide channel. Further, the heat-conducting catalyst is coated on the inner cavity of the guide channel and is used to eliminate harmful gases in the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber 11; in this way, when the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of methanol flows through the guide channel, the harmful gases doped inside it can undergo oxidation-reduction reaction and be converted into harmless gases (such as CO2, H2O and N2, etc., which will not pollute the environment), thereby avoiding the methanol burner from polluting the environment during use.

[0025] It should be noted that the elimination of harmful gases in the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber 11 mentioned above specifically refers to: reducing the content of harmful gases in the exhaust gas so that the exhaust gas meets the emission requirements. That is to say, the elimination of harmful gases in the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber 11 mentioned above does not mean completely removing the harmful gases in the exhaust gas, but reducing the content of harmful gases in the exhaust gas to within the emission standards; for example, it can be to remove 80% or 90% of the total amount of harmful gases in the exhaust gas so that the gas discharged from the methanol heater meets the emission standards.

[0026] As described above, the heat exchange structure 15 in the present application can not only realize the heat exchange between the high-temperature gas and the low-temperature coolant, but also remove the harmful gases produced after the combustion of methane, realizing the integration of heat exchange and post-treatment. Such a configuration is conducive to simplifying the structure of the methanol heater and saving the layout space of the post-treatment device because no external post-treatment device is required (i.e., an exhaust gas treatment device for removing harmful gases is set on the gas outlet side of the exhaust pipe 16 of the methanol heater). In addition, the oxidation-reduction reaction of the harmful gas occurs in the heat exchange area of ​​the methanol heater, which can make full use of the reaction heat release and improve the heating efficiency of the methanol heater.

[0027] In some embodiments, the carrier is a combined structure formed by connecting different components. In this way, different parts of the carrier are processed separately, which can reduce the processing difficulty of the carrier, thereby facilitating the improvement of the qualified rate in the carrier production process and facilitating the processing of carriers with complex structures.

[0028] In some exemplary embodiments, Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the carrier includes a first shell 1501, a second shell 1502 and a heat-conducting support member 1503; wherein the first shell 1501 is heat-conductingly connected to the inner wall of the water jacket 13 of the methanol heater, so as to achieve a heat-conducting connection between the heat exchange structure 15 and the inner wall of the water jacket 13, the second shell 1502 is arranged inside the first shell 1501, and a guide cavity is formed between the second shell 1502 and the first shell 1501 (the guide cavity here refers to: a cavity that guides the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of methanol to the exhaust pipe 16, and the specific structure of the guide cavity can be an annular cavity or a special-shaped cavity, etc., which is not specifically limited in this application), for example: Figure 4 As shown, the first shell 1501 is sleeved on the outside of the second shell 1502, and there is a gap between the first shell 1501 and the second shell 1502 to form a flow guide cavity; the heat-conducting support 1503 is arranged between the first shell 1501 and the second shell 1502, and is used to connect the first shell 1501 and the second shell 1502, and divide the flow guide cavity into a plurality of flow guide channels; in this way, the heat-conducting support 1503 can be used to ensure that the relative position between the first shell 1501 and the second shell 1502 is fixed, and it is also beneficial to increase the coating area of ​​the heat-conducting catalyst, thereby improving the effect of the heat exchange structure 15 in catalyzing the oxidation-reduction reaction of harmful gases.

[0029] Further, on the basis that the carrier includes the first shell 1501, the second shell 1502 and the heat-conducting support member 1503, in some embodiments, the heat-conducting support member 1503 is set as an annular structure sleeved on the second shell 1502, and the heat-conducting support member 1503 and the first shell 1501 and the second shell 1502 are interference fit; in this way, the relative position between the first shell 1501 and the heat-conducting support member 1503 can be fixed by the interference connection between the first shell 1501 and the heat-conducting support member 1503, and the relative position between the second shell 1502 and the heat-conducting support member 1503 can be fixed by the interference connection between the first shell 1501 and the heat-conducting support member 1503. The interlocking connection can realize the fixing of the relative position between the second shell 1502 and the heat-conducting support member 1503, and then the heat-conducting support member 1503 is used to fix the relative position between the first shell 1501 and the second shell 1502; under the above-mentioned setting method, the assembly structure between the first shell 1501, the second shell 1502 and the heat-conducting support member 1503 is simpler, which is more conducive to improving production efficiency and shortening the production cycle. In addition, compared with connection methods such as welding, the above-mentioned connection method has a lower probability of defects at the connection position due to the lack of additional energy input, which is beneficial to the product yield rate.

[0030] Of course, the above is only an exemplary embodiment of connecting the first shell 1501 and the second shell 1502 using the thermally conductive support member 1503, but the present application is not limited to this. For example, the thermally conductive support member 1503 and the first shell 1501 and the second shell 1502 can also be fixed by spot welding, or, the fixed connection between the thermally conductive support member 1503 and the first shell 1501 and the thermally conductive support member 1503 and the second shell 1502 can also be achieved by gluing.

[0031] Furthermore, if Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the heat-conducting support member 1503 is a wave plate, and is bent to form a ring structure, so that the wave plate can fill the guide cavity formed between the first shell 1501 and the second shell 1502. In addition, the bending parts of the wave plate protruding in different directions respectively abut the inner wall of the first shell 1501 and the outer wall of the second shell 1502, so as to utilize the corrugated surface of the wave plate to cooperate with the inner wall of the first shell 1501 and the outer wall of the second shell 1502 to form a plurality of extensions along the first direction (i.e., the extension direction of the guide cavity, which can be specifically referred to Figure 3 ) extending through the guide channel. In this embodiment, the heat-conducting support member 1503 is configured as a wave plate bent into a ring structure, which is more conducive to the interference fit between the heat-conducting connector and the first shell 1501 and the second shell 1502; in addition, this configuration is conducive to increasing the heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchange structure 15 (or the coating area of ​​the heat-conducting catalyst), which is more conducive to promoting the oxidation-reduction reaction of the harmful gas by using the heat exchange structure 15, and making the heat exchange structure 15 have a higher heat exchange efficiency.

[0032] In addition, it should be noted that: in the specific implementation, the corrugations of the wave plate can be straight corrugations or water corrugations, etc., and can be adaptively designed according to needs in the specific implementation, but it needs to be ensured that: the guide channel formed by the corrugated surface of the wave plate and the inner wall of the first shell 1501 or the outer wall of the second shell 1502 needs to be able to guide the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of methanol from the combustion chamber 11 to the exhaust pipe 16, and in the above process, the guide channel will not be blocked.

[0033] Of course, the corrugated plate mentioned above is only an exemplary implementation of the heat-conducting support member 1503, but the present application is not limited thereto. For example: the heat-conducting support member 1503 can also be a plate with a through hole, which is bent into a barrel shape and is arranged between the first shell 1501 and the second shell 1502, and in the assembled state, the extension direction of the through hole of the plate is parallel to the surface of the first shell 1501 (or the second shell 1502) connected to the heat-conducting support member 1503, so as to form a guide channel by using the through hole of the plate. For another example: the heat-conducting support member 1503 can also be set as a support plate, and the two opposite surfaces of the support plate are respectively connected to the inner wall of the first shell 1501 and the outer wall of the second shell 1502, so as to realize the fixing of the relative position of the first shell 1501 and the second shell 1502, and a plurality of support plates are provided, and are evenly arranged around the outer wall of the second shell 1502, so as to form a guide channel by using adjacent support plates to cooperate with the inner wall of the first shell 1501 and / or the outer wall of the second shell 1502. In addition, in some other embodiments, the heat-conducting support member 1503 may also be only a supporting rib between the first shell 1501 and the second shell 1502. In this case, the flow guide cavity between the first shell 1501 and the second shell 1502 is not divided by the heat-conducting support member 1503. That is to say, in this embodiment, the entire flow guide cavity is the flow guide channel.

[0034] As mentioned above, when the support members are different, the structure of the guide channel is also different. That is to say, in the specific implementation process, the guide channel may be formed on the heat-conducting support member 1503, or it may be formed by the heat-conducting support member 1503 in cooperation with the inner wall of the first shell 1501 and / or the outer wall of the second shell 1502. Therefore, when the carrier includes the first shell 1501, the second shell 1502 and the heat-conducting support member 1503, the present application does not specifically limit the coating position of the heat-conducting catalyst. That is to say, in the actual implementation process, the heat-conducting catalyst can be coated on the inner wall of the first shell 1501 and / or the outer wall of the second shell 1502 and / or the heat-conducting support member 1503.

[0035] It should be understood that the above carrier is formed by assembling the first shell 1501, the second shell 1502 and the heat-conducting support member 1503, which is only an exemplary molding method of the carrier, but the present application is not limited thereto. For example, the carrier can also be an integrally molded structure. In this way, the production process of the carrier can be reduced, which is more conducive to reducing production costs and improving production efficiency.

[0036] In addition, the present application also discloses a methanol heater, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the methanol heater includes a head 2, a fan 1, a high-pressure package 4, an oil pump assembly 5, an injector 6, an ignition electrode 7, an air guide hood 8, a pre-combustion chamber 11, a combustion chamber 11, a water jacket 13, an exhaust pipe 16, and a heat exchange structure 15 arranged between the combustion chamber 11 and the water jacket 13, wherein the head 2 is provided with an air inlet channel 3 (i.e., a channel for external air to enter the interior of the methanol heater), the fan 1 is arranged in the air inlet channel 3, and is used to draw external air into the interior of the methanol heater to participate in combustion or clean up exhaust gas, for example, as Figure 3 As shown, a motor mounting seat is provided inside the air inlet passage 3, and a driving motor 18 for driving the fan 1 to rotate is fixed to the above-mentioned motor mounting seat by a connecting structure such as bolts, and the fan 1 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 18. A high-voltage package 4 is provided on the outer surface of the machine head 2, and it serves as a transformer for increasing low-voltage electricity to high-voltage electricity; an oil pump assembly 5 and an injector 6 are provided inside the machine head 2, wherein the oil pump assembly 5 is used to absorb fuel (for example: fuel oil or methanol) and output fuel at a rated pressure (i.e., a pressure that can ensure the stable operation of the oil pump assembly 5 and can ensure that the fuel can be atomized in the injector 6, which can be set specifically as needed), and the injector 6 is in liquid communication with the oil pump assembly 5, and the fuel output from the oil pump assembly 5 is directed to the injector 6, and is atomized and sprayed under the action of the injector 6. The ignition electrode 7 is arranged inside the machine head 2 to generate a high-voltage arc to ignite the mixture of the atomized fuel and the air; the air guide 8 is arranged inside the machine head 2 to rotate the air flow so that the air entering the methanol heater and the atomized fuel can be fully mixed; the pre-combustion chamber 10 is located at the outlet end of the air guide 8, and the mixed gas (i.e., the gas after the air and the atomized fuel are fully mixed, the same below) flows out of the air guide 8 and enters the pre-combustion chamber 10, and is preliminarily burned in the pre-combustion chamber 10; the combustion chamber 11 is connected to the pre-combustion chamber 10 and serves as an open space for the further combustion of the mixed gas; Figure 3 As shown, the part where the pre-combustion chamber 10 communicates with the combustion chamber 11 is provided with a constriction structure, which is more conducive to the full combustion of methanol, thereby improving the combustion efficiency and reducing the generation of harmful substances. The water jacket 13 is sleeved on the outside of the combustion chamber 11, and there is a gap between the water jacket 13 and the combustion chamber 11 for installing the heat exchange structure 15, such as Figure 3As shown, the water jacket body 13 in the present application is a hollow structure, and the hollow part of the water jacket body 13 forms a heat exchange medium channel. Specifically, the water jacket body 13 includes a water jacket body outer wall 1301 (constituting the outer cylinder of the water jacket body 13), and a water jacket body inner wall 1302 (constituting the inner cylinder of the water jacket) arranged inside the water jacket body outer wall 1301. There is a gap between the water jacket body outer wall 1301 and the water jacket body inner wall 1302, and a spiral guide wall 1303 is provided to form a spiral heat exchange medium channel. On the outer wall of the water jacket body outer wall 1301, a liquid inlet 9 and a liquid outlet 12 are respectively provided at both ends of the corresponding heat exchange medium channel. During the operation of the methanol heater, the coolant enters the heat exchange medium channel through the liquid inlet 9, absorbs heat, and then is discharged through the liquid outlet 12. The exhaust pipe 16 is arranged on the exhaust port side of the heat exchange structure 15, and is used to discharge the exhaust gas generated by combustion out of the methanol heater.

[0037] During the operation of the above-mentioned methanol heater, the fan 1 draws the external air into the interior of the methanol heater through the air inlet channel 3. When the air flows through the air guide cover 8, it is fully mixed with the atomized fuel sprayed by the injector 6. The ignition electrode 7 releases the high voltage electricity generated by the high-voltage package 4 in the form of an arc and ignites the mixed gas. The ignited mixed gas burns inside the pre-combustion chamber 11 and the combustion chamber 11, thereby generating high-temperature exhaust gas. The high-temperature exhaust gas flows to the exhaust pipe 16 through the heat exchange structure 15 and is discharged through the exhaust pipe 16. Since the heat exchange structure 15 is thermally connected to the water jacket body 13, and there is a temperature difference between the high-temperature exhaust gas and the coolant inside the water jacket body 13, when the high-temperature exhaust gas flows through the heat exchange structure 15, the heat in the high-temperature exhaust gas will flow to the coolant, thereby realizing heat exchange. It should be noted that: since the methanol heater has the above-mentioned heat exchange structure 15, the beneficial effects of the methanol heater brought by the heat exchange structure 15 can be found in the above content, which will not be repeated here.

[0038] In addition, the methanol heater in the present application further includes a heater bracket for supporting the methanol heater and realizing the connection between the methanol heater and other structural members (such as a vehicle frame). Figure 3 As shown, the heater bracket includes a front heater bracket 17 and a rear heater bracket 14, and multiple brackets are provided to improve the stability of the connection.

[0039] As mentioned above, the heat exchange structure 15 in the present application is connected to the inner wall of the water jacket body 13 of the methanol heater by heat conduction. In some embodiments, the heat exchange structure 15 and the water jacket body 13 are interference fit to achieve the heat conduction connection between the water jacket body 13 and the heat exchange structure 15. In this way, on the one hand, there is no heat input during the connection process between the water jacket body 13 and the heat exchange structure 15, so deformation or even water leakage of the water jacket body 13 caused by heat input can be avoided; on the other hand, the interference fit between the heat exchange structure 15 and the water jacket body 13 can ensure the effectiveness of the surface connection between the heat exchange structure 15 and the water jacket body 13, thereby ensuring the heat conduction area between the heat exchange structure 15 and the water jacket body 13, and ensuring the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange structure 15 and the water jacket body 13.

[0040] It should be understood that the above-mentioned interference fit is only an exemplary connection method between the heat exchange structure 15 and the water jacket body 13, but the present application is not limited to this. For example, the heat exchange structure 15 and the inner wall of the water jacket body 13 can also be connected by a thermally conductive connector. For example, the heat exchange structure 15 and the inner wall of the water jacket body 13 can also be connected by a thermally conductive gasket or a thermally conductive adhesive.

[0041] Furthermore, the methanol heater in the present application also includes a closed-loop control system for adjusting the working state of the methanol heater and ensuring that the heat exchange structure 15 can effectively promote the oxidation-reduction reaction of harmful gases in the exhaust gas. Figure 5 As shown, the closed-loop control system in the present application includes a front oxygen sensor 21, a rear oxygen sensor 22, an air flow pressure sensor 20 and a controller, wherein the front oxygen sensor 21 is arranged at the air inlet side of the heat exchange structure 15, or in other words, the front oxygen sensor 21 is located in the exhaust port area of ​​the combustion chamber 11, so as to detect the oxygen content in the exhaust gas generated after the combustion of methanol; the rear oxygen sensor 22 is arranged at the exhaust port side of the heat exchange structure 15, or in other words, the rear oxygen sensor 22 is located in the air inlet area of ​​the exhaust pipe 16, so as to detect the oxygen content in the exhaust gas generated after the combustion of methanol. The oxygen content in the processed exhaust gas; the air flow pressure sensor 20 is arranged at the air inlet 301 of the methanol heater, and is used to detect the flow rate of air entering the methanol heater; the controller is signal-connected with the front oxygen sensor 21, the rear oxygen sensor 22, the air flow pressure sensor 20, and the injector 6 and the fan 1 of the methanol heater, that is, the controller can at least receive various signals collected by the front oxygen sensor 21, the rear oxygen sensor 22, and the air flow pressure sensor 20, and can adjust the injection amount of the injector 6 and the rotation speed of the fan 1 according to the above signals.

[0042] During operation of the above-mentioned closed-loop control system, the front oxygen sensor 21 detects the oxygen content in the exhaust gas generated after the combustion of methanol in real time, and converts the detected information into a first oxygen content signal to transmit to the controller; the rear oxygen sensor 22 detects the oxygen content in the exhaust gas treated by the heat exchange structure 15 in real time, and converts the detected information into a second oxygen content signal to transmit to the controller; at the same time, the air flow pressure sensor 20 detects the flow rate of air entering the methanol for heating, and converts the detected information into a flow signal to transmit to the controller; the controller continuously adjusts the injection amount of the injector 6 and the amount of air inhaled by the fan 1 according to the above-mentioned first oxygen content signal, second oxygen content signal and flow signal, so as to accurately control the combustion of methanol, and at the same time monitors and records the working condition of the exhaust gas treatment device, thereby realizing closed-loop control of methanol combustion.

[0043] Furthermore, on the basis of a closed-loop control system, the methanol heater in the present application can also realize the heater variable power function by controlling the air intake of the methanol heater and the fuel injection amount of the injector 6, thereby meeting the heating requirements under different working conditions. Specifically, as described above, the water jacket body 13 in the present application is a central space, and the hollow part of the water jacket body 13 forms a heat exchange medium channel (that is, a channel in the water jacket body 13 for ensuring the circulation of the coolant, the same below). On this basis, the closed-loop control system in the present application also includes a first temperature sensor 23 and a second temperature sensor 19, wherein the first temperature sensor 23 is arranged on the liquid inlet 9 side of the heat exchange medium channel and is used to measure the liquid inlet temperature, that is, the first temperature sensor 23 is arranged in the area where the coolant is introduced into the water jacket body 13, and can detect the temperature of the coolant entering the water jacket body 13; the second temperature sensor 19 is arranged on the liquid outlet 12 side of the heat exchange medium channel and is used to measure the liquid outlet temperature, that is, the second temperature sensor 19 is arranged in the area where the coolant is led out of the water jacket body 13, and can detect the temperature of the coolant discharged from the water jacket body 13; and the first temperature sensor 23 and the second temperature sensor 19 are both connected to the controller signal, that is, the temperature information collected by the first temperature sensor 23 and the temperature information collected by the second temperature sensor can be transmitted to the controller. In this way, during the operation of the methanol heater, the controller can obtain the lowered temperature of the coolant in the target area (i.e., the area that needs to be heated) by comparing the temperature of the coolant when it flows out of the water jacket body 13 with the temperature of the coolant when it enters the water jacket body 13, and then obtain the heating demand of the target area. For example: when there is a large temperature difference between the coolant flowing out of the water jacket body 13 and the coolant flowing into the water jacket body 13, it proves that the target area has a higher heating demand. At this time, the heating efficiency of the methanol heater can be appropriately increased to meet the heating demand; when the temperature difference between the coolant flowing out of the water jacket body 13 and the coolant flowing into the water jacket body 13 is small, it proves that the target area has a lower heating demand. At this time, the heating efficiency of the methanol heater can be appropriately reduced to reduce heat waste.

[0044] The present application also discloses a control method to provide an oxidant basis for the oxidation-reduction reaction of harmful gases. Specifically, the control method in the present application comprises the following steps: Using a controller to receive a first oxygen content signal collected by the front oxygen sensor 21; According to the first oxygen content signal, the controller is used to adjust the injection amount of the injector 6 of the methanol heater and / or the air intake amount of the methanol heater, so that the oxygen content in the exhaust gas entering the heat exchange structure 15 is within a preset range (i.e., the oxygen content range that satisfies the oxidation-reduction reaction of harmful gases), and can cooperate with the thermal conductive catalyst to eliminate harmful gases in the exhaust gas.

[0045] Specifically, as mentioned above, the harmful gases in the exhaust gas generated by methanol combustion include HC, CO, NOx, etc., and the oxidation-reduction reaction of these harmful gases requires the participation of oxygen to convert the harmful gases into CO2 and H2O, etc. Based on this, when the first oxygen content signal shows that the oxygen content in the exhaust gas is low (that is, when the oxygen content in the exhaust gas is lower than the preset range), the intake volume of the methanol heater can be increased to increase the oxygen content in the exhaust gas generated after the methanol is burned, thereby providing an oxidant basis for the oxidation-reduction reaction of the harmful gases. Of course, without considering the combustion efficiency of the methanol heater, the oxygen content in the exhaust gas generated after the methanol is burned can also be increased by reducing the injection volume of the injector 6.

[0046] It should be noted that: when the fuel injection amount of the fuel injector 6 changes during the operation of the methanol heater, it will inevitably directly affect the amount of harmful gas generated. The amount of harmful gas generated is different, and the amount of oxygen required to be consumed in the oxidation-reduction reaction is also different. Based on this, the preset range of oxygen content mentioned above is not a fixed range, but a range that changes according to the change of parameters such as the fuel injection amount. In specific implementation, the preset range of oxygen content can be specifically determined by simulation experiments and the like.

[0047] In addition, the control method in the present application also includes an exhaust gas treatment monitoring step, which includes: Using the controller to receive a second oxygen content signal collected by the rear oxygen sensor 22; The controller is used to compare the first oxygen content signal and the second oxygen content signal to obtain the oxygen consumption in the waste gas treatment stage, and the oxygen consumption is used as a basis for judging the waste gas treatment situation.

[0048] Specifically, during the oxidation-reduction reaction of harmful gases such as HC, CO, and NOx, oxygen, as an oxidant, will be consumed, and under the premise that the combustion state of methanol does not change, the amount of oxygen consumed by the oxidation-reduction reaction will fluctuate within a certain range per unit time. Based on this, when the oxygen consumption fluctuates abnormally (for example, when the oxygen consumption is far below the above-mentioned fluctuation range), it means that there is an abnormality in the treatment of the exhaust gas by the heat exchange structure 15.

[0049] As mentioned above, the air intake of the methanol heater can be adjusted by a controller. In specific implementation, the controller receives the flow signal collected by the air flow pressure sensor 20, and adjusts the speed of the fan 1 of the methanol heater according to the flow signal to adjust the air intake of the methanol heater.

[0050] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the control method in the present application can also be used to adjust the heating power of the methanol heater. It includes the following steps: using a controller to receive the inlet temperature signal collected by the first temperature sensor 23 and the outlet temperature signal collected by the second temperature sensor 19; using the controller to analyze the inlet temperature signal and the outlet temperature signal to obtain a temperature difference signal; using the controller to adjust the injection amount of the injector 6 of the methanol heater and the intake amount of the methanol heater according to the temperature difference signal to adjust the heating efficiency of the methanol heater. Specifically, when the temperature difference signal shows that the temperature difference between the coolant flowing out of the water jacket body 13 and the coolant flowing into the water jacket body 13 is small, it proves that the target area has a lower heating demand. At this time, the heating efficiency of the methanol heater can be reduced by reducing the injection amount of the injector 6 and the air intake amount of the methanol heater; correspondingly, when the temperature difference signal shows that the temperature difference between the coolant flowing out of the water jacket body 13 and the coolant flowing into the water jacket body 13 is large, it proves that the target area has a higher heating demand. At this time, the heating efficiency of the methanol heater can be improved by increasing the injection amount of the injector 6 and the air intake amount of the methanol heater.

[0051] In a specific embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the steps for adjusting the heating power of the methanol heater are as follows: The first temperature sensor 23 and the second temperature sensor 19 detect the coolant temperature at the corresponding position and transmit the collected temperature signal to the controller; The controller calculates the temperature difference between the coolant flowing out of the water jacket body 13 and the coolant flowing into the water jacket body 13 according to the inlet temperature signal and the outlet temperature signal, and determines whether the temperature difference is within a preset temperature range (the preset temperature range here refers to: the temperature difference range between the coolant flowing out of the water jacket body 13 and the coolant flowing into the water jacket body 13 under the appropriate heating efficiency of the methanol heater, and can be adaptively designed according to actual needs); When the temperature difference is higher than the preset temperature range, the controller is used to increase the fuel injection amount of the injector 6 and the air intake amount of the methanol heater to improve the heating efficiency of the methanol heater; When the temperature difference is lower than the preset temperature range, the controller is used to reduce the injection amount of the injector 6 and the intake amount of the methanol heater to improve the heating efficiency of the methanol heater; Repeat the above steps until the temperature difference calculated by the controller is within the preset temperature difference range.

[0052] The basic principles of the present application are described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, strengths, effects, etc. mentioned in the present application are only examples and not limitations, and it cannot be considered that these advantages, strengths, effects, etc. are required by each embodiment of the present application. In addition, the specific details disclosed above are only for the purpose of illustration and ease of understanding, not for limitation, and the above details do not limit the present application to being implemented by adopting the above specific details.

[0053] The block diagrams of the devices, apparatuses, equipment, and systems involved in this application are only illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, and configured in the manner shown in the block diagram. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, these devices, apparatuses, equipment, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as "including", "comprising", "having", etc. are open words, referring to "including but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably with them. The words "or" and "and" used here refer to the words "and / or" and can be used interchangeably with them, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The words "such as" used here refer to the phrase "such as but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably with them.

[0054] It should also be noted that in the apparatus, device and method of the present application, each component or each step can be decomposed and / or recombined. Such decomposition and / or recombination should be regarded as equivalent solutions of the present application.

[0055] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0056] It should be understood that the qualifiers "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth" and "sixth" used in the description of the embodiments of the present application are only used to more clearly explain the technical solution and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0057] The above description has been given for the purpose of illustration and description. In addition, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application to the forms disclosed herein. Although multiple example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, changes, additions and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims

1. A heat exchange structure, characterized in that: Suitable for methanol heaters, including: A carrier, used for heat-conducting connection with the inner wall of the water jacket of the methanol heater, and a guide channel on the carrier connecting the combustion chamber of the methanol heater and the exhaust pipe; The heat-conducting catalyst is coated on the inner cavity of the flow-conducting channel and is used to eliminate harmful gases in the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber.

2. The heat exchange structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carrier comprises: A first shell is thermally connected to the inner wall of the water jacket of the methanol heater; A second shell is disposed inside the first shell, and a flow guide cavity is formed between the second shell and the first shell; The heat-conducting support member is disposed between the first shell and the second shell, and is used to connect the first shell and the second shell, and divide the flow-conducting cavity into a plurality of the flow-conducting channels.

3. The heat exchange structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat-conducting support member is an annular structure sleeved on the second shell, and the heat-conducting support member is interference-fitted with both the first shell and the second shell.

4. The heat exchange structure according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The heat-conducting support member is a corrugated plate, and the annular structure is formed by bending, and the bent parts of the corrugated plate protruding in different directions respectively abut against the inner wall of the first shell and the outer wall of the second shell, so that the corrugated surface of the corrugated plate cooperates with the inner wall of the first shell and the outer wall of the second shell to form a plurality of the guide channels extending along the first direction.

5. The heat exchange structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat-conducting catalyst is coated on the inner wall of the first shell and / or the outer wall of the second shell and / or the heat-conducting support member.

6. A methanol heater, characterized in that: The invention comprises a combustion chamber, a water jacket, an exhaust pipe and a heat exchange structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The methanol heater according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat exchange structure and the water jacket body are interference fit to achieve heat conduction connection between the water jacket body and the heat exchange structure.

8. The methanol heater according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: Also included is a closed-loop control system, the closed-loop control system comprising: A front oxygen sensor, disposed on the air inlet side of the heat exchange structure; a rear oxygen sensor, disposed on the exhaust port side of the heat exchange structure; An air flow pressure sensor is arranged at the air inlet of the methanol heater; The controller is signal-connected to the front oxygen sensor, the rear oxygen sensor, the air flow pressure sensor, and the injector and fan of the methanol heater.

9. The methanol heater according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water jacket body is a hollow structure, and the hollow part of the water jacket body forms a heat exchange medium channel; The closed-loop control system includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor, wherein the first temperature sensor is arranged at the liquid inlet side of the heat exchange medium channel, and the second temperature sensor is arranged at the liquid outlet side of the heat exchange medium channel, and both the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are connected to the controller signal.

10. A control method, characterized in that: The methanol heater according to claim 8 or 9 comprises the following steps: Using a controller to receive a first oxygen content signal collected by a front oxygen sensor; According to the first oxygen content signal, the controller is used to adjust the injection amount of the injector of the methanol heater and / or the air intake amount of the methanol heater, so that the oxygen content in the exhaust gas entering the heat exchange structure is within a preset range, and can cooperate with the thermal catalyst to eliminate harmful gases in the exhaust gas.

11. The control method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The exhaust gas treatment monitoring step is also included, and the exhaust gas treatment monitoring step includes: Using the controller to receive a second oxygen content signal collected by a rear oxygen sensor; The controller is used to compare the first oxygen content signal and the second oxygen content signal to obtain the oxygen consumption in the waste gas treatment stage, and the oxygen consumption is used as a basis for judging the waste gas treatment situation.

12. The control method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The controller is used to receive a flow signal collected by an air flow pressure sensor, and the rotation speed of the fan of the methanol heater is adjusted according to the flow signal to adjust the air intake volume of the methanol heater.

13. The control method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that: Using the controller to receive the liquid inlet temperature signal collected by the first temperature sensor and the liquid outlet temperature signal collected by the second temperature sensor; Utilizing the controller to analyze the liquid inlet temperature signal and the liquid outlet temperature signal to obtain a temperature difference signal; The controller is used to adjust the fuel injection amount of the injector of the methanol heater and the air intake amount of the methanol heater according to the temperature difference signal to adjust the heating efficiency of the methanol heater.

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