Electric fire early warning prevention and control method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrical fire prevention and control, in particular to an electrical fire early-warning prevention and control method and system, which are used for monitoring current, temperature, electric spark, combustible gas concentration and hot particle concentration data in real time, setting judgment priority, carrying out graded and classified early warning on electrical fire and automatically taking measures. The method tries to eliminate the hidden danger of the electrical fire from the source, and dynamically adjusts the judgment priority of different influence factors of the electrical fire according to the actual condition in the monitoring process, thereby improving the reliability of early warning, saving prevention and control resources, and effectively reducing the risk of fire.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrical fire prevention and control, and in particular to an electrical fire early warning prevention and control method and system. Background Art

[0002] Electrical fire refers to a disaster caused by combustion caused by electrical reasons. This type of fire may be caused by the heat energy released by faults in electrical lines, electrical equipment, appliances, and power supply and distribution equipment, such as high temperature, electric sparks, and non-fault released energy, such as the hot surface of electric heating appliances, which ignites the body or other combustibles under combustion conditions.

[0003] Electrical fires may not only cause serious casualties, but also huge property losses. Once an electrical fire occurs, it will spread rapidly and be difficult to control, especially for large manufacturing plants with complex power systems or data centers with a large number of servers and power equipment. The probability of electrical fires is higher, so early warning and prevention of potential electrical fires is a key point. Being able to monitor the factors that affect the occurrence of electrical fires, discover their changing trends and issue timely warnings requires special attention, and is also a technical problem that technicians in this field need to solve urgently.

[0004] At present, the early warning and prevention of electrical fires mainly focuses on detecting single factors such as temperature, smoke or open flames through various sensors, or combining them for detection, and directly judging whether an electrical fire may occur or not based on the data obtained from the detection, so as to provide early warning for electrical fires. Although this method is simple, it is not precise and accurate enough to judge the occurrence of electrical fires, and it cannot provide early warnings based on classification, nor can it be comprehensively considered and adapted to dynamic changes. At the same time, the current prevention and control of electrical fires mostly focuses on early warning, but cannot automatically take measures after detecting a fire hazard, and try to eliminate the hidden dangers of electrical fires from the source. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides an electrical fire early warning, prevention and control method and system.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: An electrical fire early warning prevention and control method comprises the following steps: S1. Based on the distribution density of electrical equipment and lines at different locations, the overall space where they are located is divided into different monitoring areas, and different data collection frequencies are set accordingly; based on the data collection frequency, the ambient temperature data, combustible gas concentration data, and hot particle concentration data of each monitoring area are obtained, and at the same time, the temperature data, current data, and electric spark data of the electrical equipment and lines in each monitoring area are obtained. The current data includes neutral line current data, residual current data, and fire current data; S2, setting the initial judgment priority as current>temperature>electric spark>combustible gas concentration>hot particles, and judging the current data based on the initial judgment priority, specifically: if any current value in the monitoring area exceeds the set first current threshold, execute S3, otherwise execute S4; S3. Determine whether there is an electric spark. If yes, execute S3.1; otherwise, execute S3.3: S3.1. Explosion and fire judgment, specifically: setting the judgment priority of electric spark and combustible gas concentration before temperature, and continue to judge the combustible gas concentration. If the combustible gas concentration is ≥ the second combustible gas concentration, a first-level explosion and fire warning is issued; If the first combustible gas concentration is less than or equal to the second combustible gas concentration, a secondary warning of explosion and fire risk is issued, the circuit and ventilation of the monitoring area are cut off, and it is determined whether the combustible gas concentration is lower than the first combustible gas concentration. If so, the secondary warning of explosion and fire risk is cancelled and S3.2 is executed. Otherwise, the circuit of the monitoring area is cut off. S3.2, make a first current fire judgment, specifically: if the current value is greater than the second current threshold, directly cut off the circuit in the monitoring area and issue a first-level current fire warning; If the first current threshold value is less than the current value and less than the second current threshold value, a secondary current fire warning is issued, and current compensation or current elimination is performed at the same time to determine whether an electric spark exists: If it does not exist, cancel the second-level warning of current fire and execute S3.3. If it does exist, cut off the circuit in the monitoring area; S3.3, perform a second current fire judgment, specifically: if the current value is greater than the second current threshold, perform a third-level current fire warning, and perform current compensation or current elimination at the same time to determine whether the current value drops below the first current threshold. If so, cancel the third-level current fire warning and execute S4.2, otherwise cut off the circuit in the monitoring area; If the current value is less than or equal to the second current threshold, a fourth-level current fire warning is issued and S4.2 is executed; S4. Determine the temperature according to the initial judgment priority. If the temperature value is greater than the first temperature threshold, execute S4.1; otherwise, execute S4.2: S4.1, determine whether there is an electric spark, if yes, execute S3.1, otherwise, execute S4.2; S4.2. Perform hot melt fire judgment, specifically, perform graded warning of hot melt fire based on the temperature value and the set first temperature threshold and second temperature threshold, and based on the hot particle concentration and the particle concentration threshold.

[0007] Furthermore, a hot melt fire judgment is performed, specifically, based on the temperature value and the set first temperature threshold, the second temperature threshold, and based on the hot particle concentration and the particle concentration threshold, a graded warning of the hot melt fire is performed, as follows: If the first temperature threshold < temperature value ≤ second temperature threshold and the hot particle concentration > particle concentration threshold, a second-level warning of hot melt fire is issued; If the temperature value is greater than the second temperature threshold and the hot particle concentration is greater than the particle concentration threshold, a first-level hot melt fire warning is issued; Otherwise, determine whether the value of the increase in the thermal particle concentration per unit time is greater than the particle concentration increase threshold. If so, a first-level warning of hot melt fire is issued, otherwise a third-level warning of hot melt fire is issued.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes: if the ratio of the number of monitoring areas that alarm within the set monitoring period to the number of all monitoring areas is greater than a set proportion threshold, a first-level electrical fire warning is issued.

[0009] Specifically, in S3.1, a first-level explosion fire warning is performed, and at the same time, the circuit of the monitoring area is cut off and ventilation is performed until the combustible gas concentration is lower than the first combustible gas concentration.

[0010] Specifically, in S1, the ambient temperature data, combustible gas concentration data, and thermal particle concentration data of each monitoring area are obtained based on the data acquisition frequency, specifically: the ambient temperature data is obtained using a temperature sensor, the combustible gas concentration data is obtained using an infrared gas detector, and the thermal particle concentration data is obtained using a pyrolysis particle detector.

[0011] Specifically, S1 obtains temperature data, current data, and spark data of electrical equipment and lines in each monitoring area. The current data includes neutral line current data, residual current data, and fire current data. Specifically, temperature data is obtained using an infrared temperature sensor, spark data is obtained using a photoelectric sensor, neutral line current data is obtained using a zero-sequence current transformer, residual current data is obtained using a residual current transformer, and fire current data is obtained using a fire current elimination device.

[0012] Furthermore, the first current threshold value is less than the second current threshold value, the first combustible gas concentration is less than the second combustible gas concentration, and the first temperature threshold value is less than the second temperature threshold value.

[0013] The present invention also provides an electrical fire early warning, prevention and control system, comprising: Data acquisition module: used to divide the overall space where electrical equipment and lines are located into different monitoring areas based on the distribution density of electrical equipment and lines at different locations, and set different data acquisition frequencies accordingly; based on the data acquisition frequency, the ambient temperature data, combustible gas concentration data, and hot particle concentration data of each monitoring area are acquired, and at the same time, the temperature data, current data, and spark data of electrical equipment and lines in each monitoring area are acquired. The current data includes neutral line current data, residual current data, and fire current data; Current judgment module: used to set the initial judgment priority as current>temperature>electric spark>combustible gas concentration>thermal particles, and judge the current data based on the initial judgment priority. Specifically, if any current value in the monitoring area exceeds the set first current threshold, the explosion fire and current fire judgment module is executed, otherwise the explosion fire and hot melt fire judgment module is executed; Explosion fire and current fire judgment module: used to judge whether there is electric spark. If yes, the explosion fire judgment is performed, otherwise the second current fire judgment is performed: Explosion and fire judgment is carried out, specifically: the judgment priority of electric spark and combustible gas concentration is set before temperature, and the combustible gas concentration is continued to be judged. If the combustible gas concentration is ≥ the second combustible gas concentration, a first-level explosion and fire warning is issued; If the first combustible gas concentration is ≤ combustible gas concentration < second combustible gas concentration, a secondary warning of explosion and fire risk is issued, the circuit and ventilation of the monitoring area are cut off, and it is determined whether the combustible gas concentration is lower than the first combustible gas concentration. If so, the secondary warning of explosion and fire risk is lifted and the first current fire judgment is executed, otherwise the circuit of the monitoring area is cut off; Performing a first current fire judgment, specifically: if the current value is greater than the second current threshold, directly cutting off the circuit in the monitoring area, and issuing a first-level current fire warning; If the first current threshold value is less than the current value and less than the second current threshold value, a secondary current fire warning is issued, and current compensation or current elimination is performed at the same time to determine whether an electric spark exists: If it does not exist, the second-level current fire warning will be cancelled and the second current fire judgment will be executed. If it does exist, the circuit in the monitoring area will be cut off; Perform the second current fire judgment, specifically: if the current value is greater than the second current threshold, perform the third-level current fire warning, and perform current compensation or current elimination at the same time to determine whether the current value drops below the first current threshold. If so, release the third-level current fire warning and perform the hot melt fire judgment, otherwise cut off the circuit in the monitoring area; If the current value is ≤ the second current threshold, a fourth-level current fire warning is issued and a hot melt fire judgment is performed; Explosion fire and hot melt fire judgment module: used to judge the temperature according to the initial judgment priority. If the temperature value is greater than the first temperature threshold, the electric spark judgment is performed; otherwise, the hot melt fire judgment is performed: Performing spark judgment, specifically, if there is spark, then executing explosion fire judgment, otherwise, executing hot melt fire judgment; Conduct hot melt fire judgment, specifically, based on the temperature value and the set first temperature threshold, second temperature threshold, based on the thermal particle concentration and particle concentration threshold, conduct graded warning of hot melt fire.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention monitors the current, temperature, electric spark, combustible gas concentration and hot particle concentration data in real time, and sets the judgment priority to perform graded and classified warnings for electrical fires, thereby improving the precision and accuracy of electrical fire warnings; at the same time, the present invention can dynamically adjust the judgment priority of different influencing factors of electrical fires according to actual conditions during the monitoring process, and can more comprehensively and specifically evaluate the risks of electrical fires, improve the reliability of warnings, and save prevention and control resources.

[0015] 2. The present invention can detect fire hazards in time before a fire occurs, issue an early warning in advance, and automatically take measures while issuing the early warning to eliminate the hidden dangers of electrical fires at the source, effectively reducing the risk of fire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Example This embodiment provides an electrical fire early warning, prevention and control method, including the following steps: S1. Based on the distribution density of electrical equipment and lines at different locations, the overall space where they are located is divided into different monitoring areas, and different data collection frequencies are set accordingly; based on the data collection frequency, the ambient temperature data, combustible gas concentration data, and hot particle concentration data of each monitoring area are obtained, and at the same time, the temperature data, current data, and electric spark data of the electrical equipment and lines in each monitoring area are obtained. The current data includes neutral line current data, residual current data, and fire current data.

[0017] In this step, the overall space where electrical equipment and lines are located is divided into different monitoring areas based on the distribution density of electrical equipment and lines at different locations, and different data collection frequencies are set accordingly. It also includes taking the average of the ambient temperatures of all monitoring areas to obtain the ambient mean temperature. If the ambient mean temperature is greater than the set ambient mean temperature threshold, the collection frequency is updated according to the difference between the ambient mean temperature and the ambient mean temperature threshold, and each difference corresponds to a collection frequency adjustment value. It should be further explained that before data is collected from different monitoring areas, the corresponding relationship between different differences and different collection frequency adjustment values ​​has been preset based on historical data and experience, and the collection frequency adjustment value w is set to correspond to the difference. α Proportional, ,in is the proportionality coefficient, >0, that is, the larger the difference, the larger the corresponding acquisition frequency adjustment value, and the specific proportional coefficient The value is set according to the actual situation, and different difference values ​​correspond to different acquisition frequency adjustment values.

[0018] In this embodiment, the distribution density of electrical equipment and lines is the main basis for dividing the monitoring area. In the monitoring area with high distribution density, there are many electrical equipment and lines and the connections are complex, so a higher data collection frequency needs to be set accordingly. In actual application, the monitoring area can also be divided according to other monitoring requirements.

[0019] Specifically, the ambient temperature data, combustible gas concentration data, and thermal particle concentration data of each monitoring area are obtained based on the data acquisition frequency, specifically: the ambient temperature data is obtained using a temperature sensor, the combustible gas concentration data is obtained using an infrared gas detector, and the thermal particle concentration data is obtained using a pyrolysis particle detector, wherein the combustible gas concentration data includes but is not limited to methane gas concentration data, ethane gas concentration data, and acetylene gas concentration data.

[0020] Obtain temperature data, current data, and spark data of electrical equipment and lines in each monitoring area. The current data includes neutral line current data, residual current data, and fire current data. Specifically, use an infrared temperature sensor to obtain temperature data, use a photoelectric sensor to obtain spark data, use a zero-sequence current transformer to obtain neutral line current data, use a residual current transformer to obtain residual current data, and use a fire current elimination device to obtain fire current data.

[0021] The number and location of each sensor or detector are set according to the actual situation to ensure that all monitoring areas can be covered and the electrical equipment and lines in the monitoring area can be monitored. For example, the zero-sequence current transformer is used to detect the neutral current and can be set on the neutral line of the distribution box or cable line channel; the residual current transformer can be set on the main circuit and branch circuit of each line to ensure that all possible current leakage points can be covered; the fire current elimination device can not only obtain and identify the fire current data, but also eliminate the fire current. There are many intelligent fire current elimination devices on the market, which can be used directly. They can be set near key electrical equipment or on the main distribution circuit to obtain the fire current data of electrical equipment and lines; photoelectric sensors can be set near electrical equipment such as electrical cabinets, switchgear, and line joints to obtain electric spark data; similarly, the settings of infrared temperature sensors, temperature sensors, infrared gas detectors, and pyrolytic particle detectors are flexibly set to ensure that the electrical equipment and lines in the monitoring area can be covered.

[0022] S2. Set the initial judgment priority to current>temperature>electric spark>combustible gas>hot particle, and judge the current data based on the initial judgment priority. Specifically, if any current value in the monitoring area exceeds the set first current threshold, execute S3, otherwise execute S4.

[0023] In this embodiment, a first current threshold and a second current threshold are set, and the first current threshold is less than the second current threshold.

[0024] In this step, the initial judgment priority is set to current>temperature>electric spark>flammable gas>hot particle, among which current is directly related to electrical faults and electrical fires, so its judgment priority is set in the front; the temperature of electrical equipment and lines is also an important factor affecting the occurrence of electrical fires. Whether it is the temperature rise caused by electrical faults or the temperature rise caused by the operation of the equipment itself or the external environment, it may lead to the occurrence of electrical fires when the flammable conditions are met. It is a key factor to consider in the judgment of electrical fires; electric sparks are easily generated in the case of current faults. When judging a single factor, although its priority is set after temperature, as an ignition source, it will directly cause fire or explosion accidents in flammable and explosive environments. Its importance needs to be considered comprehensively in the actual judgment of electrical fires. When specific conditions are met, its priority is set before temperature; the priority of combustible gas is set after temperature and electric sparks, which can be used to judge the risk of explosion and fire; hot particles are an external characterization factor used to judge the risk of hot melt fires.

[0025] S3. Determine whether there is an electric spark. If yes, execute S3.1; otherwise, execute S3.3: S3.1. Explosion and fire judgment, specifically: setting the judgment priority of electric spark and combustible gas concentration before temperature, and continue to judge the combustible gas concentration. If the combustible gas concentration is ≥ the second combustible gas concentration, a first-level explosion and fire warning is issued; If the first combustible gas concentration is less than or equal to the second combustible gas concentration, a secondary warning of explosion and fire risk is issued, the circuit and ventilation of the monitoring area are cut off, and it is determined whether the combustible gas concentration is lower than the first combustible gas concentration. If so, the secondary warning of explosion and fire risk is cancelled and S3.2 is executed. Otherwise, the circuit of the monitoring area is cut off. S3.2, make a first current fire judgment, specifically: if the current value is greater than the second current threshold, directly cut off the circuit in the monitoring area and issue a first-level current fire warning; If the first current threshold value is less than the current value and less than the second current threshold value, a secondary current fire warning is issued, and current compensation or current elimination is performed at the same time to determine whether an electric spark exists: If it does not exist, cancel the second-level warning of current fire and execute S3.3. If it does exist, cut off the circuit in the monitoring area; S3.3, perform a second current fire judgment, specifically: if the current value is greater than the second current threshold, perform a third-level current fire warning, and perform current compensation or current elimination at the same time to determine whether the current value drops below the first current threshold. If so, cancel the third-level current fire warning and execute S4.2, otherwise cut off the circuit in the monitoring area; If the current value is ≤ the second current threshold, a fourth-level current fire warning is issued and S4.2 is executed.

[0026] In this step, a first-level explosion fire warning is issued, and at the same time, the circuit in the monitoring area is cut off and ventilation is carried out until the combustible gas concentration is lower than the first combustible gas concentration.

[0027] Set the first combustible gas concentration to be less than the second combustible gas concentration.

[0028] At the same time, the current elimination mentioned in this step can use an intelligent fire current elimination device to perform specific operations based on the fire current data obtained in real time, and the current compensation can use existing power unit equipment to perform specific operations, or other methods can be used for current compensation or current elimination, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0029] As another embodiment of the present invention, before performing a secondary warning of a current fire and executing specific measures to compensate or eliminate the current, the adjusted judgment priority order may be adjusted back to the initial judgment priority order, that is, current>temperature>electric spark>combustible gas>hot particle, and then judging whether the temperature is greater than the first temperature threshold: If the temperature is greater than the first temperature threshold, the initial sequence is continued to determine whether there is an electric spark. If there is an electric spark, an explosion fire is determined. If there is no electric spark, a hot melt fire is determined directly. At this time, because there is no electric spark, there is no need to consider the occurrence of an explosion fire and further determine the concentration of the combustible gas. If the temperature is not greater than the first temperature threshold, the judgment priority of the thermal particles is set before the electric sparks and combustible gases. At this time, the judgment priority order is: current > temperature > thermal particles > electric sparks > combustible gases. The hot melt fire is judged according to this judgment priority order, and then it is judged whether there is an electric spark. If so, an explosion fire is judged. If not, this round of judgment conditions is terminated and the next round of electrical fire warning judgment is performed.

[0030] S4. Determine the temperature according to the initial judgment priority. If the temperature value is greater than the first temperature threshold, execute S4.1; otherwise, execute S4.2: S4.1, determine whether there is an electric spark, if yes, execute S3.1, otherwise, execute S4.2; S4.2. Perform hot melt fire judgment, specifically, perform graded warning of hot melt fire based on the temperature value and the set first temperature threshold and second temperature threshold, and based on the hot particle concentration and the particle concentration threshold.

[0031] Furthermore, in this step, a hot melt fire is judged, and a graded warning of the hot melt fire is performed based on the temperature value and the set first temperature threshold and second temperature threshold, and based on the hot particle concentration and the particle concentration threshold, as follows: If the first temperature threshold < temperature value ≤ second temperature threshold and the hot particle concentration > particle concentration threshold, a second-level warning of hot melt fire is issued; If the temperature value is greater than the second temperature threshold and the hot particle concentration is greater than the particle concentration threshold, a first-level hot melt fire warning is issued; Otherwise, determine whether the value of the increase in the thermal particle concentration per unit time is greater than the particle concentration increase threshold. If so, a first-level warning of hot melt fire is issued, otherwise a third-level warning of hot melt fire is issued.

[0032] Set the first temperature threshold < the second temperature threshold.

[0033] In this embodiment, if the ratio of the number of monitoring areas that sound an alarm to the total number of monitoring areas within the set monitoring period is greater than the set percentage threshold, a first-level electrical fire warning is issued, and the percentage threshold is set to 25%. At this time, it is possible to consider cutting off the global power supply and conducting a comprehensive inspection of all monitoring areas to reduce the probability of electrical fires.

[0034] At the same time, the warning information of different levels and categories mentioned in this embodiment can be released through sound and light alarms and text message notifications.

[0035] The present invention also provides an electrical fire early warning, prevention and control system, comprising: Data acquisition module: used to divide the overall space where electrical equipment and lines are located into different monitoring areas based on the distribution density of electrical equipment and lines at different locations, and set different data acquisition frequencies accordingly; based on the data acquisition frequency, the ambient temperature data, combustible gas concentration data, and hot particle concentration data of each monitoring area are acquired, and at the same time, the temperature data, current data, and spark data of electrical equipment and lines in each monitoring area are acquired. The current data includes neutral line current data, residual current data, and fire current data; Current judgment module: used to set the initial judgment priority as current>temperature>electric spark>combustible gas concentration>thermal particles, and judge the current data based on the initial judgment priority. Specifically, if any current value in the monitoring area exceeds the set first current threshold, the explosion fire and current fire judgment module is executed, otherwise the explosion fire and hot melt fire judgment module is executed; Explosion fire and current fire judgment module: used to judge whether there is electric spark. If yes, the explosion fire judgment is performed, otherwise the second current fire judgment is performed: Explosion and fire judgment is carried out, specifically: the judgment priority of electric spark and combustible gas concentration is set before temperature, and the combustible gas concentration is continued to be judged. If the combustible gas concentration is ≥ the second combustible gas concentration, a first-level explosion and fire warning is issued; If the first combustible gas concentration is ≤ combustible gas concentration < second combustible gas concentration, a secondary warning of explosion and fire risk is issued, the circuit and ventilation of the monitoring area are cut off, and it is determined whether the combustible gas concentration is lower than the first combustible gas concentration. If so, the secondary warning of explosion and fire risk is lifted and the first current fire judgment is executed, otherwise the circuit of the monitoring area is cut off; Performing a first current fire judgment, specifically: if the current value is greater than the second current threshold, directly cutting off the circuit in the monitoring area, and issuing a first-level current fire warning; If the first current threshold value is less than the current value and less than the second current threshold value, a secondary current fire warning is issued, and current compensation or current elimination is performed at the same time to determine whether an electric spark exists: If it does not exist, the second-level current fire warning will be cancelled and the second current fire judgment will be executed. If it does exist, the circuit in the monitoring area will be cut off; Perform the second current fire judgment, specifically: if the current value is greater than the second current threshold, perform the third-level current fire warning, and perform current compensation or current elimination at the same time to determine whether the current value drops below the first current threshold. If so, release the third-level current fire warning and perform the hot melt fire judgment, otherwise cut off the circuit in the monitoring area; If the current value is ≤ the second current threshold, a fourth-level current fire warning is issued and a hot melt fire judgment is performed; Explosion fire and hot melt fire judgment module: used to judge the temperature according to the initial judgment priority. If the temperature value is greater than the first temperature threshold, the electric spark judgment is performed; otherwise, the hot melt fire judgment is performed: Performing spark judgment, specifically, if there is spark, then executing explosion fire judgment, otherwise, executing hot melt fire judgment; Conduct hot melt fire judgment, specifically, based on the temperature value and the set first temperature threshold, second temperature threshold, based on the thermal particle concentration and particle concentration threshold, conduct graded warning of hot melt fire.

[0036] The present invention can improve the precision and accuracy of electrical fire warning by real-time monitoring of current, temperature, electric spark, combustible gas concentration and hot particle concentration data, setting judgment priorities, and performing graded and classified warnings on electrical fires. During the monitoring process, the judgment priorities of different influencing factors of electrical fires can also be dynamically adjusted according to actual conditions, so that the risk of electrical fires can be evaluated more comprehensively and specifically, the reliability of warnings can be improved, and prevention and control resources can be saved. Fire hazards can be discovered in time before a fire occurs, and warnings can be issued in advance. At the same time as the warning, measures can be automatically taken to eliminate the hidden dangers of electrical fires from the source, effectively reducing the risk of fires.

Claims

1. An electrical fire early warning, prevention and control method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Based on the distribution density of electrical equipment and lines at different locations, the overall space where they are located is divided into different monitoring areas, and different data collection frequencies are set accordingly; based on the data collection frequency, the ambient temperature data, combustible gas concentration data, and hot particle concentration data of each monitoring area are obtained, and at the same time, the temperature data, current data, and electric spark data of the electrical equipment and lines in each monitoring area are obtained. The current data includes neutral line current data, residual current data, and fire current data; S2, setting the initial judgment priority as current>temperature>electric spark>combustible gas>hot particle, and judging the current data based on the initial judgment priority, specifically: if any current value in the monitoring area exceeds the set first current threshold, execute S3, otherwise execute S4; S3. Determine whether there is an electric spark. If yes, execute S3.1; otherwise, execute S3.3: S3.

1. Explosion and fire judgment is performed, specifically: the judgment priority is set to current> electric spark> combustible gas concentration> temperature> hot particles, and the combustible gas concentration is continued to be judged. If the combustible gas concentration is ≥ the second combustible gas concentration, a first-level explosion and fire warning is issued; If the first combustible gas concentration is less than or equal to the second combustible gas concentration, a secondary warning of explosion and fire risk is issued, the circuit and ventilation of the monitoring area are cut off, and it is determined whether the combustible gas concentration is lower than the first combustible gas concentration. If so, the secondary warning of explosion and fire risk is cancelled and S3.2 is executed. Otherwise, the circuit of the monitoring area is cut off. S3.2, make a first current fire judgment, specifically: if the current value is greater than the second current threshold, directly cut off the circuit in the monitoring area and issue a first-level current fire warning; If the first current threshold value is less than the current value and less than the second current threshold value, a secondary current fire warning is issued, and current compensation or current elimination is performed at the same time to determine whether an electric spark exists: If it does not exist, cancel the second-level warning of current fire and execute S3.

3. If it does exist, cut off the circuit in the monitoring area; S3.3, perform a second current fire judgment, specifically: if the current value is greater than the second current threshold, perform a third-level current fire warning, and perform current compensation or current elimination at the same time to determine whether the current value drops below the first current threshold. If so, cancel the third-level current fire warning and execute S4.2, otherwise cut off the circuit in the monitoring area; If the current value is less than or equal to the second current threshold, a fourth-level current fire warning is issued and S4.2 is executed; S4. Determine the temperature according to the initial judgment priority. If the temperature value is greater than the first temperature threshold, execute S4.1; otherwise, execute S4.2: S4.1, determine whether there is an electric spark, if yes, execute S3.1, otherwise, execute S4.2; S4.

2. Perform hot melt fire judgment, specifically, perform graded warning of hot melt fire based on the temperature value and the set first temperature threshold and second temperature threshold, and based on the hot particle concentration and the particle concentration threshold.

2. The electrical fire early warning, prevention and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4.2, a hot melt fire judgment is performed, specifically based on the temperature value and the set first temperature threshold and second temperature threshold, and based on the hot particle concentration and the particle concentration threshold, as follows: If the first temperature threshold < temperature value ≤ second temperature threshold and the hot particle concentration > particle concentration threshold, a second-level warning of hot melt fire is issued; If the temperature value is greater than the second temperature threshold and the hot particle concentration is greater than the particle concentration threshold, a first-level hot melt fire warning is issued; Otherwise, determine whether the value of the increase in the thermal particle concentration per unit time is greater than the particle concentration increase threshold. If so, a first-level warning of hot melt fire is issued, otherwise a third-level warning of hot melt fire is issued.

3. The electrical fire early warning, prevention and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: If the ratio of the number of monitoring areas that alarm within the set monitoring period to the total number of monitoring areas is greater than the set proportion threshold, a first-level electrical fire warning is issued.

4. The electrical fire early warning, prevention and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above-mentioned S3.1, a first-level explosion fire warning is performed, and at the same time, the circuit of the monitoring area is cut off and ventilation is performed until the combustible gas concentration is lower than the first combustible gas concentration.

5. The electrical fire early warning, prevention and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S1, the ambient temperature data, combustible gas concentration data, and thermal particle concentration data of each monitoring area are obtained based on the data acquisition frequency, specifically: the ambient temperature data is obtained using a temperature sensor, the combustible gas concentration data is obtained using an infrared gas detector, and the thermal particle concentration data is obtained using a pyrolysis particle detector.

6. The electrical fire early warning, prevention and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S1, the temperature data, current data and spark data of the electrical equipment and lines in each monitoring area are obtained. The current data includes neutral line current data, residual current data and fire current data. Specifically, the temperature data is obtained by using an infrared temperature sensor, the spark data is obtained by using a photoelectric sensor, the neutral line current data is obtained by using a zero-sequence current transformer, the residual current data is obtained by using a residual current transformer, and the fire current elimination device is used to obtain the fire current data.

7. The electrical fire early warning, prevention and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first current threshold is less than the second current threshold, the first combustible gas concentration is less than the second combustible gas concentration, and the first temperature threshold is less than the second temperature threshold.

8. An electrical fire early warning, prevention and control system, characterized in that: include: Data acquisition module: used to divide the overall space where electrical equipment and lines are located into different monitoring areas based on the distribution density of electrical equipment and lines at different locations, and set different data acquisition frequencies accordingly; based on the data acquisition frequency, the ambient temperature data, combustible gas concentration data, and hot particle concentration data of each monitoring area are acquired, and at the same time, the temperature data, current data, and spark data of electrical equipment and lines in each monitoring area are acquired. The current data includes neutral line current data, residual current data, and fire current data; Current judgment module: used to set the initial judgment priority as current>temperature>electric spark>combustible gas concentration>thermal particles, and judge the current data based on the initial judgment priority. Specifically, if any current value in the monitoring area exceeds the set first current threshold, the explosion fire and current fire judgment module is executed, otherwise the explosion fire and hot melt fire judgment module is executed; Explosion fire and current fire judgment module: used to judge whether there is electric spark. If yes, the explosion fire judgment is performed, otherwise the second current fire judgment is performed: Explosion and fire judgment is carried out, specifically: the judgment priority of electric spark and combustible gas concentration is set before temperature, and the combustible gas concentration is continued to be judged. If the combustible gas concentration is ≥ the second combustible gas concentration, a first-level explosion and fire warning is issued; If the first combustible gas concentration is ≤ combustible gas concentration < second combustible gas concentration, a secondary warning of explosion and fire risk is issued, the circuit and ventilation of the monitoring area are cut off, and it is determined whether the combustible gas concentration is lower than the first combustible gas concentration. If so, the secondary warning of explosion and fire risk is lifted and the first current fire judgment is executed, otherwise the circuit of the monitoring area is cut off; Performing a first current fire judgment, specifically: if the current value is greater than the second current threshold, directly cutting off the circuit in the monitoring area, and issuing a first-level current fire warning; If the first current threshold value is less than the current value and less than the second current threshold value, a secondary current fire warning is issued, and current compensation or current elimination is performed at the same time to determine whether an electric spark exists: If it does not exist, the second-level current fire warning will be cancelled and the second current fire judgment will be executed. If it does exist, the circuit in the monitoring area will be cut off; Perform the second current fire judgment, specifically: if the current value is greater than the second current threshold, perform the third-level current fire warning, and perform current compensation or current elimination at the same time to determine whether the current value drops below the first current threshold. If so, release the third-level current fire warning and perform the hot melt fire judgment, otherwise cut off the circuit in the monitoring area; If the current value is less than or equal to the second current threshold, a fourth-level current fire warning is issued and a hot melt fire judgment is performed; Explosion fire and hot melt fire judgment module: used to judge the temperature according to the initial judgment priority. If the temperature value is greater than the first temperature threshold, the electric spark judgment is performed; otherwise, the hot melt fire judgment is performed: Performing spark judgment, specifically, if there is spark, then executing explosion fire judgment, otherwise, executing hot melt fire judgment; Conduct hot melt fire judgment, specifically, conduct graded warning of hot melt fire based on the temperature value and the set first temperature threshold, second temperature threshold, and based on the thermal particle concentration and particle concentration threshold.