Adjustable crystallizer for preparing fatty acid

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable crystallizer for fatty acid preparation, and relates to the technical field of fatty acid preparation, the adjustable crystallizer comprises a crystallization kettle and a kettle cover, a stirring shaft is arranged on the kettle cover, a jacket layer is arranged on the outer side wall of the crystallization kettle, a guide rod is fixed in the crystallization kettle, a ball body and an attachment cylinder slide on the guide rod, and an attachment plate sleeves the outer surface of the ball body. Air pipes are arranged in the crystallization kettle, a heat exchange gas medium is introduced into the air pipes, and a port of each air pipe is located below the corresponding attachment plate, according to the adjustable crystallizer for fatty acid preparation, due to the arrangement of a bubble heat exchange mode, pipelines with too many shapes do not need to be arranged in mixed liquid, and therefore the problem of crystal attachment cannot be generated; and bubbles directly exist in the mixed liquid, so that no other isolation materials exist, heat exchange can be more efficient, and heat exchange loss generated by pipelines in the heat exchange process can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fatty acid preparation, in particular to an adjustable crystallizer for fatty acid preparation. Background Art

[0002] The basic principle of fatty acid production is to hydrolyze oils and fats under specific conditions to hydrolyze them into fatty acids. At the end of the hydrolysis, the product is a complex mixture that includes oils and fats, glycerol, fatty acids and other mixtures. The common method for producing fatty acids is condensation crystallization, which utilizes the relationship between the solubility of unsaturated fatty acids and temperature. Generally, as the temperature decreases, the solubility in the solution decreases, causing the fatty acids to become supersaturated and precipitate crystals.

[0003] The most common reaction vessel is a cooling kettle, which consists of a kettle body and a jacket surrounding the kettle body. The top of the kettle body is a kettle cover, which is generally provided with a stirring shaft and a motor. The kettle body carries a mixture solution, and a low-temperature medium is introduced into the jacket. Heat is exchanged between the medium and the kettle body, so that crystals are precipitated. Because the jacket is around the kettle body, the main heat exchange area is the side wall of the kettle body, and the middle area of ​​the kettle body is higher than the surrounding area, resulting in crystal precipitation mainly on the inner wall of the kettle body. The low heat exchange efficiency also leads to low crystal precipitation efficiency. In the prior art, there is also a method of arranging a pipeline in the kettle body and introducing a heat exchange medium into the pipeline. However, because the crystals are easily attached to the kettle body and the pipeline wall when precipitating, the inner wall of the kettle body is relatively wide and has a simple structure, which is easy to clean. However, the pipeline is generally spirally arranged in the entire cavity in the kettle body, which is not conducive to cleaning the crystals on the pipeline after production, which is inconvenient for subsequent use. To this end, we propose an adjustable crystallizer for fatty acid preparation. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides an adjustable crystallizer for preparing fatty acids.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical scheme: an adjustable crystallizer for preparing fatty acids, comprising a crystallization kettle and a kettle cover, the kettle cover is provided with a stirring shaft, the outer side wall of the crystallization kettle is provided with a jacket layer, a plurality of vertically arranged guide rods are fixed to the inner bottom wall surface of the crystallization kettle, the guide rods are evenly distributed in the crystallization kettle, a sphere and an attachment tube are slid on the guide rods, the attachment tube is integrated with the sphere and is located below the sphere, an attachment plate is sleeved on the outer surface of the sphere, the annular surface at the contact point between the attachment plate and the sphere includes the center of the sphere, the attachment plate is downwardly shaped like an umbrella, the lower surface of the attachment plate and the sphere and the attachment tube constitute an attachment body of bubbles, the overall average density of the attachment plate, the attachment tube and the sphere is higher than the average density of the mixed liquid in the crystallization kettle, an air pipe is provided in the crystallization kettle, which is connected from outside the kettle to the kettle and corresponds to the attachment plate, the air pipe is connected to the heat exchange gas medium, and the port of each air pipe is located below the corresponding attachment plate.

[0006] Preferably, a bearing seat corresponding to the guide rod is also fixed to the inner bottom wall of the crystallization kettle, and the bearing seat is used to bear the attachment plate. The bearing seat is annular and coaxially arranged with the corresponding guide rod. A power-carrying coil is arranged vertically in the bearing seat, and an adsorption body that can be magnetically adsorbed is provided on the attachment tube and / or the attachment plate. A drainage hole is provided on the side wall of the bearing seat, and the vertical position of the drainage hole is lower than the port of the corresponding air pipe. A sensor for detecting the position of the attachment tube is embedded on the guide rod, and the sensor sends a signal to energize the power-carrying coil when the attachment plate is seated on the bearing seat.

[0007] Preferably, a pressure rod that contacts the attachment plate is fixed to the side wall of the upper end of the guide rod, so that the attachment plate is tilted when the attachment plate rises to the liquid level of the mixed liquid.

[0008] Preferably, the attachment plate, attachment tube, sphere, guide rod and bearing seat are all made of heat-insulating material.

[0009] Preferably, the upper surface of the attachment plate is provided with a plurality of protruding ribs evenly distributed along the circumference, the protruding ribs are in a variable diameter spiral shape, and the spiral diameter increases gradually from the axial direction of the attachment plate to the surrounding areas.

[0010] Preferably, a spiral guide strip is provided on the surface of the guide rod, and a spiral groove matched with the spiral guide strip is opened on the inner surface of the sphere.

[0011] Preferably, the protruding rib and the spiral guide strip have the same rotation direction.

[0012] Preferably, the inner surface of the sphere is provided with expansion grooves at both ends of the spiral groove.

[0013] Preferably, when the attachment plate is in a state of maximum inclination of the contacting pressure rod, the cross section of the plane where the contact point between the pressure rod and the attachment plate and the axis of the attachment plate are located is inclined upward.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an adjustable crystallizer for preparing fatty acids, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] (1) The present invention provides a bubble heat exchange method, so that there is no need to set too many pipes in the mixed liquid, thereby avoiding the problem of crystal adhesion and facilitating recycling.

[0016] (2) The present invention can slow down the floating rate of bubbles by setting structures such as attachment plates, thereby prolonging the heat exchange process of the heat exchange medium in the bubbles. Moreover, because the bubbles are directly present in the mixed liquid, there is no other isolation material, which can make the heat exchange more efficient and reduce the heat exchange loss caused by the pipeline during the heat exchange process.

[0017] (3) The attachment plate in the present invention can move up and down to clean the guide rod, thereby effectively avoiding the attachment of crystals.

[0018] (4) The present invention can adapt to mixed liquids of different densities by adjusting the size of bubbles, thereby improving applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional internal structure of the crystallization kettle;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a top view structure;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the half-section structure of the crystallization kettle and the jacket layer and the structure of the guide rod;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle A area;

[0024] Figure 5 The state change diagram of the attachment plate during the bubble floating process;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a process diagram of the bubble overflow state when the attachment plate is tilted;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral guide strip and the protruding rib;

[0027] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A top view of the attachment plate in FIG.

[0028] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the plane unfolded structure of the inner surface of the sphere.

[0029] In the figure: 1-crystallization kettle; 2-kettle cover; 3-stirring shaft; 4-jacket layer; 5-guide rod; 6-sphere; 7-attachment cylinder; 8-attachment plate; 9-bearing seat; 10-power coil; 11-drain hole; 12-air pipe; 13-sensor; 14-pressure rod; 15-protruding rib; 16-spiral guide strip; 17-spiral groove; 18-expansion groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The present invention provides a technical solution: an adjustable crystallizer for preparing fatty acids, comprising an annular crystallization kettle 1, a kettle cover is connected to the top of the crystallization kettle 1, and the two can be opened and closed, a stirring shaft 3 is arranged at the center of the kettle cover 2, and the axis of the stirring shaft 3 coincides with the axis of the kettle cover 2, the kettle cover 2 is also provided with a feed inlet and a motor, the motor shaft is connected to the stirring shaft 3 to drive the stirring shaft 3 to rotate for stirring, a jacket layer 4 is annular and surrounds the outer wall of the crystallization kettle 1, and the jacket layer 4 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and a low-temperature heat exchange medium is introduced into the jacket layer, which can be a gas or a liquid;

[0032] The guide rod 5 is fixed to the inner bottom wall of the crystallization kettle 1 with its axis pointing vertically upward. The outer surface of the ball 6 is spherical, and a through hole adapted to the guide rod 5 is opened through the axis for sliding. The gap between the two is matched to facilitate sliding, but the gap should not be too large to avoid shaking. The attachment tube 7 is a cylindrical body with annular openings at both ends, and one end is fixed under the ball. The attachment tube 7 is coaxial with the guide rod 5, and a large gap is set between the two to avoid contact between the two and thereby causing a large static friction. The attachment plate 8 is in the shape of a trumpet opening downward, that is, an open umbrella surface. The contact surface between the attachment plate 8 and the ball 6 is a concave spherical surface that is adapted to slide with the ball 6. The center of the ball 6 is in the area formed by the concave spherical surface of the attachment plate 8, so that the ball 6 will not separate from the attachment plate 8, but can slide on a curved surface. The overall average density of the ball 6, the attachment tube 7 and the attachment plate 8 is greater than the density of the mixed liquid, so that the whole can sink;

[0033] A one-way valve is provided at the end of the air pipe 12, and a heat exchange gas medium is introduced into the mixed liquid through the air pipe 12. The heat exchange gas medium is preferably an inert gas that does not react with the mixture and is insoluble, preferably nitrogen. The number of air pipes 12 provided corresponds to the guide rod 5, and the air inlet of the air pipe 12 is located directly below the coverage range of the attachment plate 8. The heat exchange gas medium forms bubbles in the mixed liquid after entering from the air pipe 12, and heat is exchanged through the bubbles. The air pipe 12 is evenly arranged on the bottom wall of the crystallization kettle 1 along with the guide rod 5, thereby covering the entire crystallization kettle 1, and the bubbles can float up, thereby filling the entire internal cavity of the crystallization kettle 1. After the bubbles are generated, they float up immediately and contact the lower surface of the attachment plate 8. Because the attachment plate 8 is in the shape of an inverted trumpet, the bubbles will concentrate on the axis of the attachment plate 8, which is convenient for the stable floating of the attachment plate 8. The attachment tube 7 is provided to separate the edge of the bubble from the guide rod 5 to prevent the floating bubble from being pulled into several small bubbles and stopped. The overall average density of the body 6, the attachment tube 7 and the attachment plate 8 is greater than the density of the mixed liquid, but cannot be too large to prevent the buoyancy generated by the bubbles from being insufficient to push the whole upward. The role of the sphere 6, the attachment tube 7 and the attachment plate 8 is to delay the floating rate of the bubbles, so that they have sufficient time to exchange heat with the mixed liquid. The floating makes the crystallization kettle filled in the vertical direction. There are no various curved pipes for the bubble heat exchange, and no crystals will be attached to the pipes. The guide rod 5 is pushed down when the crystals do not form larger attached crystal blocks due to the up and down sliding of the sphere 6, so no attachment will be formed. When the bubbles push the attachment plate 8 to rise to the surface of the mixed liquid, because the liquid surface of the mixed liquid is in an uncalm state during the stirring process, the lower side wall edge of the attachment plate 8 will not form a completely closed state with the liquid surface, and local air leakage causes the attachment plate 8 to be tilted due to unbalanced force, so that all the bubbles overflow, and an air outlet is set on the kettle cover 2 for reflux;

[0034] After all the bubbles overflow, the attachment plate 8, the sphere 6 and the attachment tube 7 sink as a whole, and because the attachment plate 8 is tilted, its vertical cross-sectional area is reduced, so that the resistance to sinking is reduced, so that it descends quickly and the next bubble floats. The size of the bubble can be controlled by the ventilation time.

[0035] See also Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The bearing seat 9 is a hollow annular body with openings at both ends, and is coaxially arranged with the guide rod 5, and is used to construct a relatively closed cavity with the attachment plate 8. An energized coil 10 is arranged in the bearing seat 9, and the axis of the energized coil 10 is colinear with the axis of the guide rod. Furthermore, an iron core can be arranged in the part of the guide rod 5 where the energized coil 10 is sleeved, so as to enhance the magnetism. An adsorbent is arranged on the attachment plate 8 and / or the attachment tube 7, and the adsorbent needs to be evenly arranged in the circumferential direction to balance the suction force. The adsorbent can be made of metal materials that can be adsorbed, such as iron, cobalt, nickel, or magnetic materials such as permanent magnets. The magnetism generates attraction, so that the attachment plate 8 can remain stable when bubbles are generated, and avoid the imbalance of bubbles causing the attachment plate 8 to tilt or float in advance. The drainage hole 11 facilitates the discharge of the mixed liquid when the bubbles are generated and expanded.

[0036] The sensor 13 uses a distance sensor to detect the distance to the inner wall of the attachment tube 7. When the attachment tube 7 sinks to the position of the sensor 13, an electrical signal is generated to control the power coil 10 to be energized, thereby generating gravitational force, and then ventilation begins. If the sensor 13 is not used and timed ventilation is used, it may lead to inaccuracy, such as ventilation before the attachment plate 8 is reset, or ventilation has not been performed for a long time after reset. Because the time for the bubbles to float up is an uncertain value, the detection by the sensor 13 can be more accurate, thereby improving efficiency and stability.

[0037] In the initial state, current is directly passed through the energized coil 10 to generate attraction, and then heat exchange gas medium is passed through the air pipe 12. As the bubbles grow, they gradually gather at the bottom center of the attachment plate 8, and part of the mixed liquid in the support seat 9 is discharged from the drainage hole 11. When the ventilation makes the bubbles reach a predetermined value (which can make the attachment plate 8 slowly float up), the current of the energized coil 10 is disconnected, and the attachment plate 8 floats up with the bubbles. Figure 5 As shown, when the attachment plate 8 reaches the liquid level, the bubble overflow state is the same as described above, and then the attachment plate 8 sinks until the attachment tube 7 reaches the position of the sensor 13, and the next bubble replenishment and circulation are carried out.

[0038] See also Figure 5, bubbles are unstable when overflowing from the liquid surface, so the tilted state of the attachment plate 8 is also unstable. There may be a small tilt angle, resulting in gas remaining in the center position below the attachment plate 8 to reach an equilibrium state, that is, the attachment plate 8 floats on the surface of the mixed liquid. Therefore, in order to avoid this situation, a pressure rod 14 is fixed to the side wall of the upper end of the guide rod 5, and the lower end of the pressure rod 14 contacts the upper surface of the attachment plate 8 before the attachment plate 8 approaches the liquid. Due to the buoyancy of the bubbles, the pressure rod 14 causes the attachment plate 8 to be locally stressed, resulting in overall imbalance and tilting, and the bubbles will also be transferred. Figure 6 When the solid bubble reaches a certain angle, Figure 6 In the state shown, the lower edge of the right side of the cross section of the attachment plate 8 is horizontal or lower on the left and higher on the right (the larger the inclination angle, the better, but the larger the inclination angle, the larger the diameter of the matching sphere 6, so the best balance between the two), and the bubble is as shown Figure 6 The dotted bubble-shaped overflow in the middle does not produce any residue, because the bubble completely overflows, and the inclined attachment plate 8 directly sinks obliquely.

[0039] In order to prevent the crystals precipitated from the mixed liquid from adhering to the mixture as much as possible, the adhering plate 8, the adhering tube 7, the sphere 6, the guide rod 5 and the bearing seat 9 are all made of heat-insulating materials to reduce the influence of temperature.

[0040] See also Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , because of the limitation of the guide rod 5, the stirring range of the stirring rod 3 will be reduced, so a protruding rib 15 is provided on the attachment plate 8. During the rising process of the attachment plate 8, the protruding rib 15 can be rotated by force in the mixed liquid due to the setting of the variable diameter spiral, thereby driving the local stirring of the mixed liquid to form a spiral columnar flow from bottom to top. However, because the force rotation of the protruding rib 15 is mainly the reaction force of the mixed liquid, it is relatively limited. By providing a spiral guide strip 16 on the guide rod 5, it cooperates with the spiral groove 17 on the inner surface of the sphere 6, so that the attachment plate 8 is rotated, and then the mixed liquid is actively driven to flow;

[0041] The protruding rib 15 and the spiral guide strip 16 have the same rotation direction, so that the flow of the mixed liquid is diffused from the axis of the guide column 5 to the surroundings, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the inner surface of the sphere 6 is expanded. The expansion groove 18 is provided to reduce the contact area between the inner surface 6 of the sphere and the spiral groove 17, thereby reducing static friction and reducing the resistance to movement.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", "another", and "yet another" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0044] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An adjustable crystallizer for preparing fatty acids, comprising a crystallization kettle (1) and a kettle cover (2), wherein the kettle cover (2) is provided with a stirring shaft (3), and the outer side wall of the crystallization kettle (1) is provided with a jacket layer (4), characterized in that: A plurality of vertically arranged guide rods (5) are fixed on the inner bottom wall surface of the crystallization kettle (1), and the guide rods (5) are evenly distributed in the crystallization kettle (1). A sphere (6) and an attachment tube (7) are slidably mounted on the guide rods (5), and the attachment tube (7) is integrated with the sphere (6) and is located below the sphere (6). An attachment plate (8) is sleeved on the outer surface of the sphere (6), and the annular surface at the contact point between the attachment plate (8) and the sphere (6) includes the center of the sphere (6). The attachment plate (8) is downwardly shaped like an umbrella, and the attachment plate (8) is disposed on the outer surface of the sphere (6). The lower surface of the attachment plate (8) and the sphere (6) and the attachment tube (7) form an attachment body for bubbles. The overall average density of the attachment plate (8), the attachment tube (7) and the sphere (6) is higher than the average density of the mixed liquid in the crystallization kettle (1). The crystallization kettle (1) is provided with an air pipe (12) which is connected from the outside of the kettle to the inside of the kettle and corresponds to the attachment plate (8). The air pipe (12) is connected to a heat exchange gas medium. The port of each air pipe (12) is located below the corresponding attachment plate (8). Under the action of bubbles, the attachment plate (8) floats up.

2. The adjustable crystallizer for preparing fatty acids according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner bottom wall of the crystallization kettle (1) is also fixed with a bearing seat (9) corresponding to the guide rod (5), the bearing seat (9) is used to bear the attachment plate (8), the bearing seat (9) is annular and is coaxially arranged with the corresponding guide rod (5), an energized coil (10) is arranged vertically in the bearing seat (9), the attachment tube (7) and / or the attachment plate (8) are provided with an adsorbent that can be magnetically adsorbed, a drainage hole (11) is opened on the side wall of the bearing seat (9), the drainage hole (11) is located in the vertical direction below the port of the corresponding air pipe (12), and a sensor (13) for detecting the position of the attachment tube (7) is embedded on the guide rod (5), and the sensor (13) sends a signal to energize the energized coil (10) when the attachment plate (8) is seated on the bearing seat (9).

3. The adjustable crystallizer for preparing fatty acids according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A pressure rod (14) is fixed to the side wall of the upper end of the guide rod (5) and contacts the attachment plate (8), so that the attachment plate (8) is tilted when the attachment plate (8) rises to the level of the mixed liquid.

4. The adjustable crystallizer for preparing fatty acids according to claim 2, characterized in that: The attachment plate (8), attachment tube (7), sphere (6), guide rod (5) and bearing seat (9) are all made of heat-insulating material.

5. The adjustable crystallizer for preparing fatty acids according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The upper surface of the attachment plate (8) is provided with a plurality of protruding ribs (15) evenly distributed along the circumference. The protruding ribs (15) are in the shape of a variable diameter spiral, and the spiral diameter increases gradually from the axial direction of the attachment plate (8) to the surrounding areas.

6. The adjustable crystallizer for preparing fatty acids according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the guide rod (5) is provided with a spiral guide strip (16), and the inner surface of the sphere (6) is provided with a spiral groove (17) adapted to the spiral guide strip (16).

7. The adjustable crystallizer for preparing fatty acids according to claim 6, characterized in that: The protruding rib (15) and the spiral guide strip (16) have the same rotation direction.

8. The adjustable crystallizer for preparing fatty acids according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner surface of the spherical body (6) is provided with expansion grooves (18) at both ends of the spiral groove (17).

9. The adjustable crystallizer for preparing fatty acids according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the attachment plate (8) is in a state of maximum inclination when contacting the pressure rod (14), the contact point between the pressure rod (14) and the attachment plate (8) and the cross section of the plane where the axis of the attachment plate (8) is located are inclined upward.

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