Non-linear continuous yielding integrated steel arch

Abstract

The invention discloses a nonlinear continuous yielding integrated steel arch which is composed of a plurality of steel arch assemblies, and every two adjacent steel arch assemblies are connected through a nonlinear continuous yielding device. The non-linear continuous yielding device upper assembly comprises a sleeve, a connecting rod and a truncated cone end, the connecting rod is installed on the upper end plate and located in the sleeve, the truncated cone end is connected with the lower end of the connecting rod, the non-linear continuous yielding device lower assembly comprises a lower end plate and a non-linear continuous yielding damper, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the lower end plate. A non-linear continuous yielding damper is installed in each through hole, and the connecting rod and the truncated cone end are both installed in the non-linear continuous yielding dampers. The non-linear continuous yielding damper has the advantages that the truncated cone end extrudes and rubs the truncated cone wall of the non-linear continuous yielding damper, non-linear continuous yielding deformation is achieved, the non-linear continuous yielding damper is adaptive to continuous large deformation of different surrounding rocks, and the safety of a steel arch and a tunnel is protected; the integrated steel arch frame is fast to assemble and high in supporting efficiency, and construction time and cost are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel efficient support and soft rock large deformation control, in particular to a nonlinear continuous yielding integrated steel arch frame. Background Art

[0002] During tunnel excavation, when the tunnel passes through fault fracture zones or soft surrounding rocks, large deformation of the surrounding rock will occur. The surrounding rock pressure caused by large deformation will cause serious damage to the support inside the tunnel, affect the construction progress, and in severe cases cause the destruction of the tunnel, and even threaten the lives of construction workers.

[0003] Existing research shows that yield support is an effective technical measure to deal with the problem of large deformation caused by surrounding rock compression. In the prior art, the "Steel Arch Frame Device for Suppressing Large Deformation of Tunnel" with publication number CN214997711 U sets a connection device between steel arch frames, and the connection device consists of a box body, a top plate, a yield rod, a steel arch frame connection plate and a spring. A plurality of yield rods are arranged on the top plates at both ends of the box body, and springs are nested on the yield rods. One end of the spring is connected to the yield rod, and the other end is connected to the top plate. The deformation of the steel arch frame is replaced by the deformation of the connection device, thereby reducing the stress on the steel arch frame and protecting the steel arch frame. Patent ZL 201910995638.6 "A plug-in ball-jointed steel arch frame connecting component with quantifiable pressure relief and its use method" sets a connecting component between two steel arch frames. The connecting component includes a connecting rod and a sleeve. The connecting rod includes a spherical end at one end, a threaded end at the other end and a rod body in the middle; the sleeve is a cylindrical structure with one end closed and the other end open. An internal threaded portion is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve near the closed end, and a one-way clamping portion is provided on the inner wall of the open end of the sleeve. By inserting the connecting rod into the sleeve, the threads in the cylinder and the spherical end are squeezed and sheared to generate resistance, thereby achieving deformation and pressure relief. However, the existing technology has the following problems: (1) In fact, the geological conditions are different and the deformation of the surrounding rock is also different, and the steel arch frame lacks a setting to adapt to different surrounding rocks; (2) The large deformation of the surrounding rock is divided into multiple stages, and the steel arch frame lacks a setting for real-time self-adjustment to match the various stages of surrounding rock deformation; (3) The traditional yielding connecting rod is not firmly connected to the steel arch frame, and the stability of the steel arch frame cannot be effectively guaranteed; (4) The yielding device is placed between the steel arch frames, and the yielding deformation is limited. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding integrated steel arch frame in accordance with the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, wherein the steel arch frame is composed of a plurality of steel arch frame components, and two adjacent steel arch frame components are connected by a nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device, and the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device is composed of a nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device upper component and a nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device lower component that cooperate with each other. Nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding deformation is achieved through the cooperation between the truncated cone end of the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device upper component and the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding damper of the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device lower component.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: A nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding integrated steel arch frame, the steel arch frame is composed of a plurality of steel arch frame components, the steel arch frame components are I-beam structures, two adjacent steel arch frame components are connected by a nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device, the two adjacent steel arch frame components are respectively an upper steel arch frame component and a lower steel arch frame component, the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device is composed of a nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device upper component and a nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device lower component that cooperate with each other, the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device upper component and the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device lower component are respectively installed on the upper steel arch frame component and the lower steel arch frame component; the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device upper component includes a sleeve, a connecting rod and a truncated cone end, the sleeve is composed of an upper The end plate and four side plates are assembled into a rectangular structure with a cover on the top, and a plurality of connecting rods are provided. The connecting rods are installed on the upper end plate and located in the sleeve, and the truncated cone end head is connected to the lower end of the connecting rod, and the outer diameter of the truncated cone end head gradually decreases from top to bottom. The lower component of the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device includes a lower end plate and a nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding damper. The lower end plate is installed on the lower steel arch frame component, and a plurality of through holes are opened on the lower end plate, and a nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding damper is installed in each of the through holes. The lower component of the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device and the lower steel arch frame component are both installed in the sleeve, and the connecting rod and the truncated cone end head are both installed in the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding damper.

[0006] The nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding damper comprises a damping cylinder and a bottom-sealed end plate. A truncated cone wall is provided inside the damping cylinder. The inner diameter of the truncated cone wall gradually decreases from top to bottom. The bottom-sealed end plate is provided at the bottom end of the damping cylinder and is used to close the bottom end of the damping cylinder.

[0007] A one-way snap buckle is provided on the top of the damping cylinder.

[0008] The one-way snap buckle is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped rotating plates, which are arranged along the inner circumference of the opening end of the damping cylinder. The outer sides of each of the arc-shaped rotating plates are connected to the damping cylinder through a rotatable part, and a hole allowing the connecting rod to pass through is formed between the inner sides of the plurality of arc-shaped rotating plates.

[0009] The inner walls of the two side plates in the sleeve that are arranged facing the wing plates of the steel arch frame assembly are provided with a plurality of parallel sliding grooves, and a plurality of rotatable balls are arranged at intervals in the sliding grooves.

[0010] The position and quantity of the truncated cone end of the upper component of the nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing device respectively correspond to the position and quantity of the nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing damper of the lower component of the nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing device.

[0011] The truncated cone end heads of the upper component of the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device and the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding dampers of the lower component of the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device are arranged in an array, the truncated cone end heads are evenly distributed on both sides of the web of the upper steel arch frame component, and the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding dampers are evenly distributed on both sides of the web of the lower steel arch frame component.

[0012] The advantages of the present invention are: (1) The truncated cone end squeezes and frictionally rubs the truncated cone wall of the nonlinear continuous yielding damper to achieve nonlinear continuous yielding deformation; (2) The truncated cone wall can adapt to different surrounding rocks according to different geological conditions or surrounding rock deformation to protect the steel arch frame; (3) When the surrounding rock pressure or deformation is large, the nonlinear continuous pressure relief device can reduce the deformation of the steel arch frame itself and prevent the steel arch frame from twisting and crushing; (4) The nonlinear continuous pressure relief device is integrated with the steel arch frame, which can realize the rapid connection between the steel arch frames. The formed steel arch frame is firm and reliable, which speeds up the efficiency of the initial support construction, ensures the timing of support, effectively controls the deformation of the tunnel, and ensures the safety of tunnel construction. (5) The steel arch frame is inserted into the sleeve and multiple connecting rods are inserted into the damping cylinder, which can not only guide the deformation direction of the steel arch frame, but also increase the overall stability between the steel arch frame and the pressure-releasing device. At the same time, when the pressure-releasing device is deformed, the balls arranged on the side plates of the sleeve can reduce the friction between the sleeve and the steel arch frame; (6) The nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding damper is arranged at the lower part of the lower end plate of the steel arch frame. When the deformation of the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding damper reaches the limit, the upper end plate and the lower end plate of the steel arch frame can be completely fitted together, which can make full use of the small space between the steel arch frames, increase the deformation of the steel arch frames, and enhance the stability of the steel arch frames. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the steel arch frame of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Middle AA section; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the upper component of the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Middle BB section; Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the lower component of the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of middle b; like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the marks in the figure represent respectively: a.Steel arch frame; 1. Non-linear continuous pressure relief device, 2. Steel arch assembly; 11. Upper component of nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device, 12. Lower component of nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device; 111. sleeve, 112. upper end plate, 113. side plate, 114. connecting rod, 115. truncated cone end, 116. slide groove, 117. ball; 121. lower end plate, 122. through hole, 123. nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding damper, 124. damping cylinder, 125. bottom end plate, 126. truncated cone wall, 127. one-way snap buckle; 21. Upper steel arch frame assembly, 22. Lower steel arch frame assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The features of the present invention and other related features are further described in detail below through embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art: Example: Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this embodiment relates to a nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding integrated steel arch frame, which is composed of multiple steel arch frame components 2. The steel arch frame components 2 are I-beam structures. Two adjacent steel arch frame components 2 are connected by a nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device 1. The two adjacent steel arch frame components 2 are an upper steel arch frame component 21 and a lower steel arch frame component 22 respectively.

[0015] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device 1 is composed of a nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device upper component 11 and a nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device lower component 12 that cooperate with each other. The nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device upper component 11 and the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device lower component 12 are respectively installed on the upper steel arch frame component 21 and the lower steel arch frame component 22 by welding.

[0016] The upper assembly 11 of the nonlinear continuous pressure relief device includes a sleeve 111, a connecting rod 114 and a truncated cone end 115. The sleeve 111 is a rectangular structure with a cover on the upper part, which is assembled from an upper end plate 112 and four side plates 113. The inner walls of the two side plates 113 facing the wing plates of the steel arch frame assembly 2 in the sleeve 111 are provided with a plurality of parallel slide grooves 116, and a plurality of self-rotating balls 117 are arranged at intervals in the slide grooves 116, that is, the balls 117 cannot be rotated along the vertical direction of the slide grooves 116. The sleeve 111 is connected to the upper steel arch assembly 21 through the upper end plate 112. There are four connecting rods 114, which are arranged in an array. The connecting rods 114 are installed on the upper end plate 112 and are located in the sleeve 111. The truncated cone end head 115 is connected to the lower end of the connecting rod 114. The outer diameter of the truncated cone end head 115 gradually decreases from top to bottom. The four truncated cone end heads 115 are respectively located on both sides of the web of the upper steel arch assembly 21.

[0017] The nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing device lower component 12 includes a lower end plate 121 and a nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing damper 123. The lower end plate 121 is installed on the lower steel arch component 22. The cross-sectional size of the nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing device lower component 12 (lower end plate 121) and the cross-sectional size of the lower steel arch component 22 correspond to the cross-sectional size inside the sleeve 111. The nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing device lower component 12 and the lower steel arch component 22 are both installed inside the sleeve 111 and extend along the inner portion of the sleeve 111. The lower end plate 121 is provided with four through holes 122, and a nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding damper 123 is welded or threadedly installed in each through hole 122. The position and quantity of the truncated cone end 115 of the upper component 11 of the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device respectively correspond to the position and quantity of the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding damper 123 of the lower component 12 of the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device. The four nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding dampers 123 are respectively located on both sides of the web of the lower steel arch frame component 22 in pairs. The nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding damper 123 includes a damping cylinder 124 and a bottom end plate 125. A truncated cone wall 126 is provided inside the damping cylinder 124. The inner diameter of the truncated cone wall 126 gradually decreases from top to bottom. The bottom end plate 125 is provided at the bottom end of the damping cylinder 124 and is used to close the bottom end of the damping cylinder 124. The connecting rod 114 and the truncated cone end head 115 are both installed in the damping cylinder 124 of the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding damper 123. In addition, a one-way snap buckle 127 is provided at the top of the damping cylinder 124. The one-way snap buckle 127 can limit the truncated cone end 115 to prevent the truncated cone end 115 from moving outside the damping cylinder 124. The one-way snap buckle 127 is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped rotating plates, and the arc-shaped rotating plates are arranged along the inner circumference of the open end of the damping cylinder 124. In this embodiment, there are four arc-shaped rotating plates, and the outer sides of each arc-shaped rotating plate are connected to the damping cylinder 124 through a rotatable member (a torsion spring can be selected), and a hole is formed between the inner sides of the four arc-shaped rotating plates to allow the connecting rod 114 to pass through. Under normal conditions, the arc-shaped rotating plate is in a horizontal state. When the arc-shaped rotating plate is subjected to a downward force, the arc-shaped rotating plate rotates downward. When the downward force disappears, the arc-shaped rotating plate rotates back to a horizontal state, and when the arc-shaped rotating plate is subjected to an upward force, it is still in a horizontal state and will not rotate upward.

[0018] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the working method of the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device 1 is as follows: When the truncated cone end 115 presses the one-way snap buckle 127 downward, the arc-shaped rotating plate rotates downward, so that the truncated cone end 115 enters the damping cylinder 124. When the truncated cone end 115 completely enters the damping cylinder 124, the arc-shaped rotating plate rotates back to a horizontal state, and the connecting rod 114 is located in the hole formed between the inner sides of the arc-shaped rotating plate. The one-way snap buckle 127 can limit the truncated cone end 115 to prevent the truncated cone end 115 from being separated from the damping cylinder 124, and the hole formed between the inner sides of the arc-shaped rotating plate guides the connecting rod 114. The truncated cone end 115 presses the truncated cone wall 126 of the friction nonlinear continuous yielding damper 123 to achieve nonlinear continuous yielding deformation. When the deformation of the nonlinear continuous yield damper 123 reaches the limit, the upper end plate 112 and the lower end plate 121 can be completely fitted, and the small space between the steel arches a can be fully utilized to increase the deformation of the steel arches a and enhance the stability of the steel arches a. In this process, the ball bearings 117 arranged on the side plates 113 of the sleeve 111 can reduce the friction between the sleeve 111 and the lower steel arch assembly 22.

[0019] The beneficial technical effects of this embodiment are: (1) The truncated cone end squeezes and frictionally rubs the truncated cone wall of the nonlinear continuous yielding damper to achieve nonlinear continuous yielding deformation; (2) The truncated cone wall can adapt to different surrounding rocks according to different geological conditions or surrounding rock deformation to protect the steel arch frame; (3) When the surrounding rock pressure or deformation is large, the nonlinear continuous pressure relief device can reduce the deformation of the steel arch frame itself and prevent the steel arch frame from twisting and crushing; (4) The nonlinear continuous pressure relief device is integrated with the steel arch frame, which can realize the rapid connection between the steel arch frames. The formed steel arch frame is firm and reliable, which speeds up the efficiency of the initial support construction, ensures the timing of support, effectively controls the deformation of the tunnel, and ensures the safety of tunnel construction. (5) The steel arch frame is inserted into the sleeve and multiple connecting rods are inserted into the damping cylinder, which can not only guide the deformation direction of the steel arch frame, but also increase the overall stability between the steel arch frame and the pressure-releasing device. At the same time, when the pressure-releasing device is deformed, the balls arranged on the side plates of the sleeve can reduce the friction between the sleeve and the steel arch frame; (6) The nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding damper is arranged at the lower part of the lower end plate of the steel arch frame. When the deformation of the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding damper reaches the limit, the upper end plate and the lower end plate of the steel arch frame can be completely fitted together, which can make full use of the small space between the steel arch frames, increase the deformation of the steel arch frames, and enhance the stability of the steel arch frames.

[0020] Although the above embodiments have described in detail the concepts and embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, ordinary technicians in this field can recognize that various improvements and changes can still be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the claims, so they are not described one by one here.

Claims

1. A nonlinear continuous yielding integrated steel arch frame, characterized in that: The steel arch frame is composed of a plurality of steel arch frame components, and the steel arch frame components are I-beam structures. Two adjacent steel arch frame components are connected by a nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing device, and the two adjacent steel arch frame components are respectively an upper steel arch frame component and a lower steel arch frame component. The nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing device is composed of a nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing device upper component and a nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing device lower component that cooperate with each other. The nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing device upper component and the nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing device lower component are respectively installed on the upper steel arch frame component and the lower steel arch frame component; the nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing device upper component includes a sleeve, a connecting rod and a truncated cone end, and the sleeve is composed of an upper end plate and four side plates. The nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device is a rectangular structure with a cover on the upper part, wherein a plurality of connecting rods are provided, and the connecting rods are mounted on the upper end plate and located in the sleeve, and the truncated cone end head is connected to the lower end of the connecting rod, and the outer diameter of the truncated cone end head gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the lower component of the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device includes a lower end plate and a nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding damper, and the lower end plate is mounted on the lower steel arch frame component, and a plurality of through holes are opened on the lower end plate, and a nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding damper is installed in each of the through holes, and the lower component of the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device and the lower steel arch frame component are both mounted in the sleeve, and the connecting rod and the truncated cone end head are both mounted in the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding damper.

2. The nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding integrated steel arch frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding damper comprises a damping cylinder and a bottom-sealed end plate. A truncated cone wall is provided inside the damping cylinder. The inner diameter of the truncated cone wall gradually decreases from top to bottom. The bottom-sealed end plate is provided at the bottom end of the damping cylinder and is used to close the bottom end of the damping cylinder.

3. The nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding integrated steel arch frame according to claim 2, characterized in that: A one-way snap buckle is provided on the top of the damping cylinder.

4. The nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding integrated steel arch frame according to claim 3, characterized in that: The one-way snap buckle is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped rotating plates, which are arranged along the inner circumference of the opening end of the damping cylinder. The outer sides of each of the arc-shaped rotating plates are connected to the damping cylinder through a rotatable part, and a hole allowing the connecting rod to pass through is formed between the inner sides of the plurality of arc-shaped rotating plates.

5. The nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding integrated steel arch frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner walls of the two side plates in the sleeve that are arranged facing the wing plates of the steel arch frame assembly are provided with a plurality of parallel sliding grooves, and a plurality of rotatable balls are arranged at intervals in the sliding grooves.

6. The nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding integrated steel arch frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position and quantity of the truncated cone end of the upper component of the nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing device respectively correspond to the position and quantity of the nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing damper of the lower component of the nonlinear continuous pressure-releasing device.

7. The nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding integrated steel arch frame according to claim 6, characterized in that: The truncated cone end heads of the upper component of the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device and the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding dampers of the lower component of the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding device are arranged in an array, the truncated cone end heads are evenly distributed on both sides of the web of the upper steel arch frame component, and the nonlinear continuous pressure-yielding dampers are evenly distributed on both sides of the web of the lower steel arch frame component.

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