High-low-temperature-resistant high-pressure metal piston energy accumulator for spaceflight

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of piston type energy accumulators, and discloses a spaceflight metal piston energy accumulator resistant to high temperature, low temperature and high pressure, the spaceflight metal piston energy accumulator comprises a cylinder body and a piston arranged in an inner cavity of the cylinder body in a sliding mode, the circumferential face of the piston abuts against the piston to form a plurality of annularly-arranged sealing cavities, and in the moving process of the piston, the sealing cavities abut against the piston. One side edge of the piston is deformed under high pressure, the surface area of the outer surface of the edge in contact with the cavity wall of the cylinder body is increased, the space of the sealing cavity is reduced, and when the pressure disappears, the edge automatically recovers, and the sealing cavity recovers to the original shape. The high-low-temperature sealing device can normally work in the high-low-temperature environment, the problem of non-metal high-low-temperature sealing failure is avoided, meanwhile, when the piston is in the high-pressure motion state, the sealing effect can be actively enhanced, and the sealing stability of the piston in the motion state is effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of piston accumulators, in particular to a high-low temperature and high-pressure resistant metal piston accumulator for aerospace use. Background Art

[0002] The piston accumulator has a simple structure, reliable operation, and a large effective absorption and removal volume. Since the piston accumulator has no deformation elements, the compression ratio can be infinitely high in theory, thereby obtaining a higher energy density. Therefore, it is suitable for storing energy or absorbing pressure pulsation in medium and high pressure systems. Its disadvantage is that it relies on the friction seal of the piston head, and the sealing wearing parts need to be replaced regularly during operation. At the same time, due to changes in operating conditions and temperature, there may also be a risk of leakage of non-metallic sealing rings, resulting in pressure leakage during use, causing the pressure to not be maintained constant, material aging, and corrosion resistance. At the same time, since the sealing structure is made of non-metallic materials, it cannot adapt to high and low temperature conditions. It cannot be used in low temperature fields (below -70°C) and high temperature fields (above +350°C).

[0003] At present, the piston shaft components of the existing piston accumulators on the market all use non-metallic seals, such as O-rings, Y-rings and other non-metallic materials. The problem with this non-metallic sealing method is mainly in the use temperature range. Commonly used materials for non-metallic seals such as fluororubber, butyl rubber, silicone rubber, polyurethane and other materials have a use range of generally -20℃ to +250℃. When the use temperature range is exceeded, the seal will fail and the accumulator cannot be used.

[0004] With the increasing demand for lightweight and small-volume accessories in high-pressure accumulators such as aerospace and new energy vehicles, there is an urgent need for an accumulator that can have the same high energy density as a piston accumulator and take into account the high and low temperature application scenarios of a metal bellows accumulator. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a high-temperature and high-pressure metal piston accumulator for aerospace use, which solves the problem that the conventional sealing measures of the accumulator in the prior art are difficult to support the accumulator to have both high energy density and suitability for high and low temperature application scenarios.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A high-low temperature and high-pressure metal piston accumulator for aerospace use comprises a cylinder body and a piston slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the cylinder body, wherein the circumferential surface of the piston contacts with the piston and forms a plurality of annularly arranged sealing cavities. During the movement of the piston, one side edge of the piston is deformed by the high pressure, the surface area of ​​the outer surface of the edge in contact with the cylinder body cavity wall increases, the space of the sealing cavity decreases, and the sealing is enhanced; when the pressure disappears, the edge automatically recovers and the sealing cavity returns to its original state.

[0010] Preferably, the piston comprises a supporting guide portion, a thin plate sealing portion is arranged on the outer side of the supporting guide portion, and the sealing chamber is formed between the thin plate sealing portion, the supporting guide portion and the cylinder body.

[0011] Preferably, a V-shaped ring groove is provided on the thin plate sealing portion, and both sides of the thin plate sealing portion located on the V-shaped ring groove are in contact with the cavity wall of the cylinder body to form a seal.

[0012] Preferably, the thin plate sealing part and the supporting guide part are integrally formed or the thin plate sealing part is fixedly arranged on the supporting guide part by welding.

[0013] Preferably, the outer surface of the support guide portion is grooved at annular intervals along the central axis.

[0014] Preferably, the piston is made of a high and low temperature resistant metal alloy material.

[0015] (III) Beneficial effects

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The aerospace-use high-temperature and high-pressure metal piston accumulator can reduce the contact surface area between the entire outer surface of the piston and the cylinder body during the operation of the piston by setting a sealing chamber, thereby reducing wear and increasing the overall service life; a seal is formed by direct contact between the edge of the piston and the wall of the cylinder cavity, so the same metal material as the main body of the piston or other alloy materials can be used to form an all-metal piston and a sealing structure, which can work normally in high and low temperature environments, avoiding the problem of failure of non-metallic high and low temperature seals, and effectively increasing the service life of the entire accumulator; the sealing effect can be actively enhanced when one side is subjected to high pressure during the movement of the piston, which can effectively improve the sealing performance of the piston in the moving state and ensure the stability of the operation of the entire accumulator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle A area;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the piston moving to the right of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the groove structure on the support guide part of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1, cylinder body; 2, piston; 21, support guide portion; 22, thin plate sealing portion; 23, V-shaped ring groove; 24, sealing chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a high-temperature and high-pressure resistant metal piston 2 accumulator for aerospace use, comprising a cylinder body 1 and a piston 2 slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the cylinder body 1, the circumferential surface of the piston 2 abuts against the piston 2 and forms a plurality of annularly arranged sealing cavities 24, during the movement of the piston 2, one side edge of the piston 2 is deformed by the high pressure, the surface area of ​​the outer surface of the edge abutting against the cavity wall of the cylinder body 1 increases, the space of the sealing cavity 24 decreases, and the sealing effect of the piston 2 and the cylinder body 1 is further enhanced, and when the pressure disappears, the edge automatically recovers and the sealing cavity 24 returns to its original state.

[0026] The present invention, by setting up the sealing cavity 24, can reduce the surface area of ​​the entire outer surface of the piston 2 in contact with the cylinder body 1 during the operation of the piston 2, reduce wear and increase the overall service life; by adopting the edge of the piston 2 to directly contact the cavity wall of the cylinder body 1 to form a seal, the same metal material or other alloy material as the main part of the piston 2 can be used to form a full-metal piston 2 and a sealing structure, which can work normally in high and low temperature environments, avoids the problem of failure of non-metallic high and low temperature seals, and effectively increases the service life of the entire accumulator; by actively enhancing the sealing effect when one side is subjected to high pressure during the movement of the piston 2, the sealing performance of the piston 2 in the moving state can be effectively improved, and the stability of the operation of the entire accumulator can be ensured.

[0027] In this embodiment, the piston 2 includes a support guide portion 21 , a thin plate sealing portion 22 is arranged outside the support guide portion 21 , and a sealing chamber 24 is formed between the thin plate sealing portion 22 , the support guide portion 21 and the cylinder body 1 .

[0028] Reference Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, a V-shaped annular groove 23 is provided on the thin plate sealing part 22, and both sides of the thin plate sealing part 22 located on the V-shaped annular groove 23 are in contact with the cavity wall of the cylinder body 1 to form a seal. In the natural state, the end of the thin plate sealing part 22 contacts the cylinder body 1, and the V-shaped annular groove 23 in the middle does not contact the cylinder body 1, reducing the friction between the thin plate sealing part 22 and the cylinder body 1 to increase the service life. The formed V-shaped annular groove structure is conducive to the thin plate sealing part 22 to effectively fit the cylinder body 1 to form a sealing structure when it is under pressure.

[0029] In this embodiment, the thin plate sealing part 22 and the support guide part 21 are integrally formed or the thin plate sealing part 22 is fixedly arranged on the support guide part 21 by welding. The entire piston 2 is made of all-metal or welded, which can effectively adapt to the sealing work in high and low temperature environments and avoid the problem of non-metallic material sealing failure at high and low temperatures.

[0030] Reference Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the outer surface of the support guide portion 21 is grooved at intervals along the central axis. The grooves can reduce the friction contact area between the piston 2 and the cylinder body 1, thereby reducing friction; when the piston 2 generates heat due to movement or expands due to the ambient temperature, the interval grooves help reduce the excessive friction force caused by the difference in the matching size between the radial dimension of the piston 2 and the cylinder body 1, which accelerates wear, or the piston 2 is "stuck".

[0031] In this embodiment, the piston 2 is made of a high and low temperature resistant metal alloy material. The metal copper alloy can be used between -196°C and +500°C, the metal titanium alloy can be used between -253°C and +600°C, and the metal nickel-based alloy has good comprehensive performance within the temperature range of -253°C to 650°C, which enables the piston 2 and the cylinder body 1 to work normally in high and low temperature environments, avoiding the problem of non-metallic high and low temperature seal failure.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions. The sentence "includes an element defined by ... does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element".

[0033] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-low temperature and high-pressure metal piston accumulator for aerospace use, characterized in that: It includes a cylinder body and a piston slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the cylinder body. The circumferential surface of the piston contacts with the piston to form a plurality of annularly arranged sealing cavities. During the movement of the piston, one side edge of the piston is deformed by high pressure, the surface area of ​​the outer surface of the edge contacting the cylinder body cavity wall increases, the space of the sealing cavity is reduced, and the sealing is enhanced. When the pressure disappears, the edge automatically recovers and the sealing cavity returns to its original state.

2. The aerospace high-low temperature and high-pressure metal piston accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston comprises a supporting guide portion, a thin plate sealing portion is arranged at the outer side of the supporting guide portion, and the sealing chamber is formed between the thin plate sealing portion, the supporting guide portion and the cylinder body.

3. The aerospace high-low temperature and high-pressure metal piston accumulator according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The thin plate sealing part is provided with a V-shaped ring groove, and the thin plate sealing part is located on both sides of the V-shaped ring groove and contacts with the cavity wall of the cylinder body to form a seal.

4. The aerospace high-low temperature and high-pressure metal piston accumulator according to claim 3 is characterized by: The thin plate sealing part and the supporting guide part are integrally formed or the thin plate sealing part is fixedly arranged on the supporting guide part by welding.

5. A high-low temperature and high-pressure metal piston accumulator for aerospace use according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The outer surface of the support guide portion is grooved at annular intervals along the central axis.

6. The aerospace high-low temperature and high-pressure metal piston accumulator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The piston is made of a high and low temperature resistant metal alloy material.

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