A performance testing platform and method for a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen storage test technology, and discloses a performance test platform and method for a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device. The test platform includes a gas circuit system, a heat exchange system, a data acquisition module and a controller. The gas circuit system is used to charge or discharge hydrogen at the hydrogen port of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device. The heat exchange system is used to provide heat transfer during hydrogen charging and heat supplement during hydrogen discharge for the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device; the heat exchange system includes a buffer tank, the inlet of the buffer tank is used to introduce a high-temperature heat exchange medium and a low-temperature heat exchange medium respectively for premixing, and the outlet of the buffer tank is connected to the heat exchange medium inlet of the heat exchange structure in the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device. The data acquisition module is used to collect the pressure, temperature and hydrogen flow rate at the hydrogen port, and the temperature of the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange structure. The controller is used to calculate the energy consumption of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device for storing or releasing a unit mass of hydrogen based on the above data. The present invention can accurately calculate the energy consumption required for charging and discharging hydrogen in a hydrogen energy storage device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage testing, and in particular to a performance testing platform and method for a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] Solid-state hydrogen storage technology has the advantages of high hydrogen storage density, low hydrogen storage pressure, and high safety. In particular, its hydrogen storage pressure can match the outlet pressure of the hydrogen production end of water electrolysis, and does not require supporting equipment such as compressors, pumps and valves. It is one of the most promising hydrogen storage technologies in the field of hydrogen energy storage. The main material used in the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device currently being applied and demonstrated is metal hydride, which will release or absorb a large amount of heat in a short period of time during the hydrogen absorption and release process. If the heat cannot be removed / supplemented in time, the hydrogen storage performance of the device will decrease, such as a reduction in hydrogen storage capacity and a slowdown in the hydrogen storage and supply rate.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to measure key performance data such as hydrogen absorption and desorption rate and hydrogen storage capacity. For example, the invention patent CN117871077B discloses a solid-state hydrogen storage container device performance test platform, which places the solid-state hydrogen storage container device in a heat exchange bin, and provides heat exchange media of different temperatures by means of a refrigerator and electric heating to ensure the stability of the device's hydrogen absorption and desorption test. However, the test platform uses an electronic balance to weigh the mass of the hydrogen storage container, and only tests small solid-state hydrogen storage cylinders, which cannot meet the testing requirements of large-capacity solid-state hydrogen energy storage devices. In addition, the hydrogen storage energy consumption caused by heat exchange during the hydrogen energy storage process should be taken seriously, because it involves the level of energy storage efficiency. The test platform of the above scheme is difficult to measure the energy consumption required for the hydrogen energy storage device to charge / discharge a certain amount of hydrogen, which will result in a lack of data support for accurate heat exchange of the hydrogen energy storage device during actual use. Not only can the advancement of the heat exchange structure of the device not be evaluated, but it will also cause energy waste during the test process. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problem that it is difficult for existing testing platforms to accurately calculate the energy consumption required for charging and discharging hydrogen in a hydrogen energy storage device, the present invention provides a performance testing platform and method for a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The invention discloses a performance testing platform for a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device, comprising: a gas path system, a heat exchange system, a data acquisition module and a controller.

[0007] The gas path system is used to charge or discharge hydrogen from the hydrogen port of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device.

[0008] The heat exchange system is used to provide heat transfer during hydrogen charging and heat supplement during hydrogen discharge for the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device; the heat exchange system includes a buffer tank, the inlet of the buffer tank is used to introduce high-temperature heat exchange medium and low-temperature heat exchange medium respectively for premixing, and the outlet of the buffer tank is connected to the heat exchange medium inlet of the heat exchange structure in the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device.

[0009] The data acquisition module is used to collect real-time data during hydrogen filling or hydrogen discharge: the pressure at the hydrogen port ,temperature and hydrogen flow, high temperature medium flow and low temperature medium flow at the inlet of the buffer tank, the temperature of the heat exchange medium inlet of the heat exchange structure and the temperature of the heat transfer medium outlet Wherein, when the hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen port is not less than a preset flow rate threshold, a mass flow meter measures the hydrogen mass flow rate at the hydrogen port, otherwise a volume flow meter measures the hydrogen volume flow rate at the hydrogen port.

[0010] The controller is used to calculate the The energy consumption of a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device to store or release a unit mass of hydrogen is , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0011] ;

[0012] In the formula, is the specific heat capacity of the heat transfer medium; The test time for hydrogen charging or de-hydrogenation; The solid-state hydrogen energy storage device is used for a set period of time. The mass of hydrogen stored or released; is the hydrogen mass flow rate as a function of time, is the hydrogen volume flow rate as a function of time; For the pressure and temperature The actual compression factor of hydrogen in the state; is the gas constant; and Set time periods High-temperature medium flow rate and low-temperature medium flow rate at the inlet of the internal buffer tank.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the gas path system includes a first hydrogen trunk and two hydrogen branches; one end of the first hydrogen trunk is connected to the two hydrogen branches at the same time, and the other end is connected to the hydrogen port of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device; the data acquisition module includes a mass flowmeter 1 and a volume flowmeter; the mass flowmeter 1 and the volume flowmeter are respectively installed on the two hydrogen branches, and are used to collect the hydrogen mass flow and hydrogen volume flow on the gas paths respectively; the hydrogen branch where the mass flowmeter 1 is located is installed with an electromagnetic valve 3; the hydrogen branch where the volume flowmeter is located is installed with an electromagnetic valve 4.

[0014] The controller is also used to, in an initialization state, control solenoid valve three to open and solenoid valve four to close, so that the first hydrogen trunk and the hydrogen branch where the mass flowmeter one is located form a passage, and calculate the hydrogen flow rate in real time according to the hydrogen mass flow collected by the mass flowmeter one; wherein, if the hydrogen flow rate is lower than a preset flow rate threshold, then leave the initialization state, control solenoid valve three to close and control solenoid valve four to open, so that the first hydrogen trunk and the hydrogen branch where the volume flowmeter is located form a passage, and calculate the hydrogen flow rate in real time according to the hydrogen volume flow collected by the volume flowmeter; if the real-time hydrogen flow rate is not lower than the preset flow rate threshold, maintain the initialization state.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the gas path system also includes a second hydrogen trunk line, an air intake line, a main exhaust line and an auxiliary exhaust line; one end of the second hydrogen trunk line is simultaneously connected to one end of the two hydrogen branches away from the first hydrogen trunk line, that is, the two hydrogen branches are arranged in parallel between the first hydrogen trunk line and the second hydrogen trunk line; the other end of the second hydrogen trunk line is simultaneously connected to the air intake line and the main exhaust line; the auxiliary exhaust line is arranged in parallel on the main exhaust line; wherein, a solenoid valve 1 is arranged on the air intake line; a solenoid valve 2 and a vacuum pump are arranged in sequence on the main exhaust line according to the exhaust direction, and the two are located between the two end nodes of the auxiliary exhaust line in parallel with the main exhaust line; a solenoid valve 5 is arranged on the auxiliary exhaust line.

[0016] The data acquisition module also includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor 1; the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor 1 are both installed on the second hydrogen trunk line and are used to collect the pressure at the hydrogen port. and temperature .

[0017] The controller is also used to control the solenoid valve 1 to open and the solenoid valve 2 and the solenoid valve 5 to close during hydrogen charging, so that the air intake path and the second hydrogen trunk path form a passage; the controller is also used to judge the pressure during hydrogen discharge. Is it less than a pressure threshold? If so, solenoid valve 2 and the vacuum pump are controlled to open, and solenoid valve 5 is controlled to close, and the hydrogen is discharged through the vacuum pump; if not, solenoid valve 2 and the vacuum pump are controlled to close, and solenoid valve 5 is controlled to open, and the hydrogen is discharged through the auxiliary exhaust path.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the heat exchange system also includes a high-temperature medium storage tank and a low-temperature medium storage tank; the outlet of the high-temperature medium storage tank is connected to the inlet of the buffer tank through a high-temperature medium pipeline, and a solenoid valve seven is arranged on the high-temperature medium pipeline; the outlet of the low-temperature medium storage tank is connected to the inlet of the buffer tank through a low-temperature medium pipeline, and a solenoid valve nine is arranged on the low-temperature medium pipeline; the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchange structure is connected to one end of the return main line, and a centrifugal pump is arranged on the return main line, and the other end of the return main line is respectively connected to the inlets of the high-temperature medium storage tank and the low-temperature medium storage tank through two return branches, thereby realizing the circulation of the heat exchange medium; wherein, a solenoid valve six is ​​arranged on the return branch connected to the high-temperature medium storage tank, and a solenoid valve eight is arranged on the return branch connected to the low-temperature medium storage tank.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the data acquisition module is also used to collect in real time during hydrogen charging or de-charging: the temperature of the high-temperature heat exchange medium at the inlet of the buffer tank; and low temperature heat transfer medium temperature .

[0020] Among them, the total energy consumption required for cooling or heating the test platform is , the calculation formula is:

[0021] ;

[0022] In the formula, To set the time The proportion of the reflux heat exchange medium that enters the high-temperature medium storage tank; Definition is the adjustment factor.

[0023] The controller is also used to , and By controlling the opening of solenoid valve 6 and solenoid valve 8, the adjustment factor Minimize the heat transfer efficiency.

[0024] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the data acquisition module also includes temperature sensor 2, temperature sensor 3, temperature sensor 4, temperature sensor 5, mass flow meter 2, mass flow meter 3 and power meter; temperature sensor 2 and mass flow meter 2 are arranged on the high-temperature medium pipeline, and are respectively used to collect the high-temperature heat exchange medium temperature at the inlet of the buffer tank. and high-temperature medium flow; temperature sensor 4 and mass flowmeter 3 are set on the low-temperature medium pipeline, which are used to collect the low-temperature heat exchange medium temperature at the inlet of the buffer tank. and low temperature medium flow; the temperature sensor five is arranged on the pipeline between the buffer tank outlet and the heat exchange medium inlet, and is used to collect the temperature of the heat exchange medium inlet , and a solenoid valve 10 is also provided on the pipeline; a temperature sensor 3 is provided on the return main line and is used to collect the temperature of the heat exchange medium outlet ; The power meter is used to detect the real-time power of the platform , that is, the total power of all devices in the gas circuit system, the heat exchange system, the data acquisition module and the controller.

[0025] As a further improvement of the above solution, the controller is also used to calculate the Total energy consumption of the platform , ; Thus calculating the platform test efficiency of the performance test platform , .

[0026] As a further improvement of the above solution, the controller is also used to calculate the volume hydrogen storage density of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device as a whole. and mass hydrogen storage density , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0027] ;

[0028] ;

[0029] In the formula, is the external volume of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device; is the mass of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device; Solid-state hydrogen energy storage device The accumulated hydrogen filling or degassing mass at the moment, .

[0030] As a further improvement of the above solution, the performance testing platform also includes: a container.

[0031] The interior of the container is used to install the gas circuit system, the heat exchange system, the data acquisition module and the controller; the container is a movable structure, so it can be transported to the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device for performance testing.

[0032] The present invention also discloses a performance testing method for a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device, which is applied to the above-mentioned performance testing platform; the performance testing method comprises the following steps, namely S1 to S4.

[0033] S1. Select hydrogen charging condition or hydrogen discharging condition as the test condition.

[0034] S2. Charge or discharge hydrogen from the hydrogen port of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device according to the test conditions.

[0035] S3. Real-time acquisition during hydrogen charging or de-charging: the pressure at the hydrogen port ,temperature and hydrogen flow, high temperature medium flow and low temperature medium flow at the inlet of the buffer tank, the temperature of the heat exchange medium inlet of the heat exchange structure and the temperature of the heat transfer medium outlet Wherein, when the hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen inlet is not less than the preset flow rate threshold, the mass flow rate of hydrogen at the hydrogen inlet is measured by a mass flow meter, otherwise the volume flow rate of hydrogen at the hydrogen inlet is measured by a volume flow meter.

[0036] S4. Calculate the time period The energy consumption of a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device to store or release a unit mass of hydrogen is , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0037] ;

[0038] In the formula, is the specific heat capacity of the heat transfer medium; The test time for hydrogen charging or de-charging; The solid-state hydrogen energy storage device is used for a set period of time. The mass of hydrogen stored or released; is the hydrogen mass flow rate as a function of time, is the hydrogen volume flow rate as a function of time; For the pressure and temperature The actual compression factor of hydrogen in the state; is the gas constant; and Set time periods High-temperature medium flow rate and low-temperature medium flow rate at the inlet of the internal buffer tank.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] 1. The present invention can provide a simulated hydrogen charging / discharging test condition for the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device by setting up a gas circuit system and a heat exchange system, and set up a data acquisition module on the pipelines in the gas circuit system and the heat exchange system to collect key data during the test, so as to calculate the energy consumption of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device for storing or releasing a unit mass of hydrogen. The efficiency and performance advancement of the device during the hydrogen charging / discharging process can be evaluated based on the energy consumption.

[0041] On this basis, by adopting the design of dual metering equipment of mass and volume flowmeter in the gas path system, one of them is selected to measure the flow data according to the flow rate, so as to achieve accurate measurement of hydrogen flow at different flow rates, and introduce the actual compression factor as a correction calculation for the amount of hydrogen, so as to further improve the test accuracy.

[0042] 2. The energy consumption of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device for storing or releasing a unit mass of hydrogen calculated by the present invention can also be used as a basis for calculating the test efficiency of the platform, so that the control process of the test platform itself can be designed and optimized according to the efficiency value.

[0043] 3. The present invention realizes continuous adjustment of the temperature of the heat exchange medium through the design of high and low temperature medium storage tanks in conjunction with a buffer tank, which makes the temperature change response more rapid and the sustainable test time longer, thereby better meeting the needs of simulating the hydrogen absorption and desorption test of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device under rapidly changing working conditions, as well as meeting the needs of hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle testing.

[0044] 4. The present invention arranges an auxiliary exhaust path in parallel with the main exhaust path of the gas path system, and can use the auxiliary exhaust path to automatically exhaust when the pressure of the hydrogen release condition is too high, thereby protecting the vacuum pump, and automatically switching to open the active exhaust path and the vacuum pump when the pressure is low, thereby evacuating the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device.

[0045] 5. The present invention designs the total energy consumption required for cooling or heating the test platform, defines an adjustment factor that determines its size, and controls the opening of the solenoid valve on the return branch of the heat exchange system. The goal is to minimize the adjustment factor, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the test platform. While realizing the test function, the test energy consumption itself is reduced through feedback adjustment to avoid energy waste.

[0046] 6. The main structure of the test platform of the present invention can be highly integrated into the size of a standard container. The test platform can be transported to the large-capacity solid-state hydrogen energy storage device to be tested via a mobile container to provide testing services. Compared with the existing technology, the device testing cost is reduced and secondary damage to the device during transportation is avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the performance testing platform of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the performance testing method of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0049] In the figure: 1, solenoid valve 1; 2, vacuum pump; 3, solenoid valve 2; 4, pressure sensor; 5, temperature sensor 1; 6, solenoid valve 3; 7, solenoid valve 4; 8, mass flow meter 1; 9, volume flow meter; 10, solenoid valve 5; 11, solenoid valve 6; 12, temperature sensor 2; 13, mass flow meter 2; 14, solenoid valve 7; 15, centrifugal pump; 16, temperature sensor 3; 17, power meter; 18, solenoid valve 8; 19, temperature sensor 4; 20, mass flow meter 3; 21, electric Magnetic valve nine; 22. Temperature sensor five; 23. Solenoid valve ten; 24. Solid-state hydrogen energy storage device; 25. Buffer tank; 26. High-temperature medium storage tank; 27. Low-temperature medium storage tank; 28. Container; 101. First hydrogen trunk line; 102. Second hydrogen trunk line; 103. Hydrogen branch line; 104. Air intake line; 105. Main exhaust line; 106. Auxiliary exhaust line; 201. High-temperature medium pipeline; 202. Low-temperature medium pipeline; 203. Return trunk line; 204. Return branch line; 30. Controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] See also Figure 1 This embodiment provides a performance testing platform for a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device, including: a gas circuit system, a heat exchange system, a data acquisition module and a controller 30 , and also includes a container 28 .

[0053] The gas path system is used to charge or discharge hydrogen from the hydrogen port of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device 24 .

[0054] The gas circuit system includes a first hydrogen trunk circuit 101 and two hydrogen branch circuits 103 , and also includes a second hydrogen trunk circuit 102 , an air intake circuit 104 , a main exhaust circuit 105 and an auxiliary exhaust circuit 106 .

[0055] One end of the first hydrogen trunk line 101 is connected to two hydrogen branch lines 103 at the same time, and the other end is connected to the hydrogen port of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device 24 .

[0056] One end of the second hydrogen trunk 102 is simultaneously connected to one end of the two hydrogen branches 103 away from the first hydrogen trunk 101, that is, the two hydrogen branches 103 are arranged in parallel between the first hydrogen trunk 101 and the second hydrogen trunk 102; the other end of the second hydrogen trunk 102 is simultaneously connected to the intake path 104 and the main exhaust path 105; the auxiliary exhaust path 106 is arranged in parallel on the main exhaust path 105; wherein, a solenoid valve 1 is arranged on the intake path 104; a solenoid valve 2 3 and a vacuum pump 2 are arranged on the main exhaust path 105 in sequence according to the exhaust direction, and the two are located between the two end nodes of the auxiliary exhaust path 106 in parallel with the main exhaust path 105; a solenoid valve 5 10 is arranged on the auxiliary exhaust path 106.

[0057] The data acquisition module is used to collect real-time data during hydrogen filling or hydrogen discharge: the pressure at the hydrogen port ,temperature and hydrogen flow, high temperature medium flow and low temperature medium flow at the inlet of the buffer tank 25, the temperature of the heat exchange medium inlet of the heat exchange structure and the temperature of the heat transfer medium outlet .

[0058] The present invention takes into account the problem of uneven flow rate during the absorption and desorption of hydrogen by the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device 24, and because the density of hydrogen is low, it is more accurate to use a volume flow meter when the flow rate is low, and it is more accurate to use a mass flow meter when the flow rate is high. Therefore, when the hydrogen flow rate at the hydrogen port is not less than the preset flow rate threshold, the mass flow rate of hydrogen at the hydrogen port is measured by the mass flow meter 8, otherwise the volume flow rate of hydrogen at the hydrogen port is measured by the volume flow meter 9.

[0059] The data acquisition module includes a mass flow meter 8 and a volume flow meter 9; the mass flow meter 8 and the volume flow meter 9 are respectively installed on two hydrogen branches 103, and are respectively used to collect the hydrogen mass flow rate and hydrogen volume flow rate on the gas path; the hydrogen branch 103 where the mass flow meter 8 is located is installed with a solenoid valve three 6; the hydrogen branch 103 where the volume flow meter 9 is located is installed with a solenoid valve four 7.

[0060] In this embodiment, the switching of the mass flow meter 18 and the volume flow meter 9 can be adjusted by the controller 30. Specifically, the controller 30 is used in an initialization state, that is, to control the electromagnetic valve 36 to open and the electromagnetic valve 47 to close, so that the first hydrogen trunk 101 and the hydrogen branch 103 where the mass flow meter 18 is located form a passage, and the hydrogen flow rate is calculated in real time according to the hydrogen mass flow collected by the mass flow meter 18; wherein, if the hydrogen flow rate is lower than the preset flow rate threshold, then leave the initialization state, control the electromagnetic valve 36 to close and control the electromagnetic valve 47 to open, so that the first hydrogen trunk 101 and the hydrogen branch 103 where the volume flow meter 9 is located form a passage, and the hydrogen flow rate is calculated in real time according to the hydrogen volume flow collected by the volume flow meter 9; if the real-time hydrogen flow rate is not lower than the preset flow rate threshold, then maintain the initialization state.

[0061] The data acquisition module also includes a pressure sensor 4, a temperature sensor 1 5, a temperature sensor 2 12, a temperature sensor 3 16, a temperature sensor 4 19, a temperature sensor 5 22, a mass flow meter 2 13, a mass flow meter 3 20 and a power meter 17.

[0062] The pressure sensor 4 and the temperature sensor 5 are both installed on the second hydrogen trunk line 102, and are used to collect the pressure at the hydrogen outlet. and temperature .

[0063] The controller 30 is also used to control the solenoid valve 1 to open and the solenoid valve 2 3 and the solenoid valve 5 10 to close during hydrogen charging, so that the air intake path 104 and the second hydrogen trunk path 102 form a passage; the controller 30 is also used to judge the pressure during hydrogen discharge. Is it less than a pressure threshold? If so, control solenoid valve 2 3 and vacuum pump 2 to open, and control solenoid valve 5 10 to close, and discharge hydrogen through vacuum pump 2; if not, control solenoid valve 2 3 and vacuum pump 2 to close, and control solenoid valve 5 10 to open, and discharge hydrogen through auxiliary exhaust path 106.

[0064] By adjusting the opening of solenoid valve 1, solenoid valve 2 3, solenoid valve 3 6, solenoid valve 4 7 and solenoid valve 5 10, the pressure, flow rate and direction of hydrogen in and out can be controlled. It should be noted that after the air inlet 104 and the exhaust path, both hydrogen filling and hydrogen discharge use one path, which can ensure the space requirements of high integration. The pressure threshold can be set to standard atmospheric pressure, that is, under the hydrogen discharge condition, when the initial pressure is too large, the auxiliary exhaust path 106 can be used for exhaust, and when it is discharged to the standard atmospheric pressure, the vacuum pump 2 can be used for vacuum treatment.

[0065] In some embodiments, the gas circuit system may further include a gas washing unit, which may use a protective atmosphere such as argon or nitrogen to mainly flush the gas pipeline to prevent air from poisoning the hydrogen energy storage device 24 and affecting the test accuracy.

[0066] The heat exchange system is used to provide heat transfer during hydrogen charging and heat supplement during hydrogen discharge for the solid hydrogen energy storage device 24. The heat exchange system includes a buffer tank 25, a high temperature medium storage tank 26, and a low temperature medium storage tank 27, and may also include a refrigeration unit and a heating unit (not shown).

[0067] The refrigeration unit uses a refrigeration unit to provide a cold source for the test platform to meet the hydrogen filling test requirements of the device.

[0068] The heating unit adopts an electric heating module to provide a heat source for the test platform to meet the hydrogen release test requirements of the device.

[0069] The heat exchange medium can be distilled water. The high-temperature medium storage tank 26 is used to store the high-temperature heat exchange medium heated by the heating unit, and the low-temperature medium storage tank 27 can be used to store the low-temperature heat exchange medium cooled by the refrigeration unit.

[0070] The outlet of the high-temperature medium storage tank 26 is connected to the inlet of the buffer tank 25 through the high-temperature medium pipeline 201, and a solenoid valve 7 14 is provided on the high-temperature medium pipeline 201; the outlet of the low-temperature medium storage tank 27 is connected to the inlet of the buffer tank 25 through the low-temperature medium pipeline 202, and a solenoid valve 9 21 is provided on the low-temperature medium pipeline 202.

[0071] The inlet of the buffer tank 25 is used to introduce high-temperature heat exchange medium and low-temperature heat exchange medium respectively to quickly premix and adjust to the set temperature required by the device, so as to meet the hydrogen filling or dehydrogenation test requirements of the device. The outlet of the buffer tank 25 is connected to the heat exchange medium inlet of the heat exchange structure in the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device 24. The heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchange structure is connected to one end of the return trunk 203, and a centrifugal pump 15 for pumping heat exchange medium may be provided on the return trunk 203. The other end of the return trunk 203 is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature medium storage tank 26 and the low-temperature medium storage tank 27 through two return branches 204, thereby realizing the circulation of the heat exchange medium; wherein, the return branch 204 connected to the high-temperature medium storage tank 26 is provided with a solenoid valve six 11, and the return branch 204 connected to the low-temperature medium storage tank 27 is provided with a solenoid valve eight 18.

[0072] The temperature sensor 12 and the mass flow meter 13 are arranged on the high temperature medium pipeline 201, and are used to collect the temperature of the high temperature heat exchange medium at the inlet of the buffer tank 25. temperature sensor 19 and mass flow meter 20 disposed in the low-temperature medium pipeline 202, respectively, for collecting the low-temperature heat exchange medium temperature at the inlet of the buffer tank 25 temperature sensor 22 is disposed on the pipeline between the outlet of the buffer tank 25 and the heat exchange medium inlet, and is used to collect the temperature of the heat exchange medium inlet , and the pipeline is also provided with a solenoid valve 10 23; the temperature sensor 16 is provided on the return main 203, and is used to collect the temperature of the heat exchange medium outlet ; Power meter 17 is used to detect the real-time power of the platform , that is, the total power of all devices in the gas circuit system, the heat exchange system, the data acquisition module and the controller 30.

[0073] By adjusting the opening of solenoid valve six 11, solenoid valve seven 14, solenoid valve eight 18, solenoid valve nine 21, and solenoid valve ten 23, the flow rate of the inlet and outlet media can be adjusted when simulating different working conditions.

[0074] The controller 30 is also used to perform the following calculation process during hydrogen charging or hydrogen discharge:

[0075] (1) Real-time flow calculation of hydrogen charging / discharging

[0076] The hydrogen mass flow rate monitored by the mass flow meter 8 is expressed as a function of time:

[0077] ;

[0078] The hydrogen volume flow rate monitored by the volume flow meter 9 is expressed as a function of time:

[0079] .

[0080] (2) Cumulative hydrogen charging / discharging mass calculate

[0081] According to the gas state equation:

[0082] ;

[0083] in P is the hydrogen inlet pressure; V is the volume of hydrogen; For the pressure With temperature The actual compressibility factor of hydrogen in the state (ideal gas is always 1); n is the molar amount of hydrogen; R =8.314J / (mol·K), which is the gas constant.

[0084] In the process of hydrogen charging / discharging, the gas state equation is expressed as:

[0085] ;

[0086] Will Convert to , during the hydrogen filling time Cumulative hydrogen filling / discharging mass for:

[0087] .

[0088] (3) Calculation of hydrogen storage density

[0089] The controller 30 can calculate the volumetric hydrogen storage density of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device 24 as a whole and mass hydrogen storage density , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0090] ;

[0091] ;

[0092] In the formula, is the outer volume of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device 24; is the mass of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device 24. It should be noted that the hydrogen storage density is an indicator constant value and does not change with time. Whether it is a hydrogen charging or hydrogen discharging process, it is directly calculated by the cumulative hydrogen storage amount from 0 to full.

[0093] (4) Calculation of energy consumption for hydrogen charging / discharging

[0094] The energy consumption of solid-state hydrogen energy storage device is reflected in the cooling / heating required in the process of hydrogen absorption and desorption, and is related to the actual instantaneous flow rate. The greater the required hydrogen flow rate, the higher the energy consumption. Assuming that in the set period The mass of hydrogen stored or released by the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device 24 is , the specific heat capacity of the heat transfer medium is C According to the heat formula , m For quality, is the temperature difference, then The heat exchange medium in the solid hydrogen energy storage device 24 exchanges heat with the hydrogen in the solid hydrogen energy storage device 24, and the temperature is increased from Transformed into , the transferred heat Q H2 for:

[0095] ;

[0096] The controller 30 is also used to calculate the The energy consumption of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device 24 for storing or releasing a unit mass of hydrogen is , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0097] ;

[0098] in, ; It is the test time for hydrogen charging or de-charging.

[0099] (5) Calculation of platform test efficiency

[0100] Total energy consumption of the test platform Mainly due to the energy consumption required for cooling or heating The energy consumption is used to control the temperature of the hydrogen absorption and desorption environment of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device 24. Therefore, the platform test efficiency η is defined as the energy consumption Total energy consumption of the platform The ratio reflects the energy efficiency utilization rate during the platform test, and through the temperature T2 of the reflux medium feedback and the control of the solenoid valve 611 and the solenoid valve 818, the platform is guaranteed to be tested with high efficiency. , , The logic of adjustment is as follows:

[0101] Set in time period In the solid hydrogen energy storage device 24, the solenoid valve 6 11 and the solenoid valve 8 18 control the return medium. x (in percentage %) passes through the high temperature medium storage tank 26, and (1-x) passes through the low temperature medium storage tank 27. The energy consumption required for cooling or heating is for:

[0102] ;

[0103] make is the adjustment factor, then according to , , The value of x% is adjusted by solenoid valves 11 and 18 to minimize the value of the adjustment factor a and maximize the platform efficiency.

[0104] Set time period Total energy consumption of the platform ; Thus calculating the platform test efficiency of the performance test platform , .

[0105] The interior of the container 28 is used to install the gas circuit system, the heat exchange system, the data acquisition module and the controller 30; the container 28 is a movable structure, so it can be transported to the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device 24 for performance testing.

[0106] The outside of the container 28 may be provided with a plurality of interfaces for passing components such as hydrogen pipelines, heat exchange medium pipelines and power cables, so as to realize interaction with the outside world.

[0107] Since the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device 24 mainly uses transition metals as its alloy components, the device has a large deadweight and is inconvenient to disassemble, hoist and transport. However, the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device 24 still has a large number of performance testing and calibration requirements during manufacturing, delivery, operation and maintenance, and overhaul. Large-capacity solid-state hydrogen energy storage devices with large deadweight are inconvenient to transport, which limits the testing of their hydrogen storage and supply performance. The main structure in the test platform of the present invention can be highly integrated into the size of a standard container, and the main structure of the test platform can be transported to the large-capacity solid-state hydrogen energy storage device 24 to be tested by a mobile container 28 to provide testing services. Compared with the prior art, the device testing cost is reduced and secondary damage to the device during transportation is avoided.

[0108] Example 2

[0109] See also Figure 2 This embodiment provides a performance testing method for a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device, which is applied to the above-mentioned performance testing platform; the performance testing method includes the following steps, namely S1~S4.

[0110] S1. Select hydrogen charging condition or hydrogen discharging condition as the test condition.

[0111] S2. Fill or discharge the hydrogen port of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device 24 with hydrogen according to the test conditions.

[0112] S3. Real-time acquisition during hydrogen charging or de-charging: the pressure at the hydrogen port ,temperature and hydrogen flow, high temperature medium flow and low temperature medium flow at the inlet of the buffer tank 25, the temperature of the heat exchange medium inlet of the heat exchange structure and the temperature of the heat transfer medium outlet Wherein, when the hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen port is not less than the preset flow rate threshold, the mass flow rate of hydrogen at the hydrogen port is measured by a mass flow meter 8, otherwise the volume flow rate of hydrogen at the hydrogen port is measured by a volume flow meter 9.

[0113] S4. Calculate the time period The energy consumption of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device 24 for storing or releasing a unit mass of hydrogen is , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0114] ;

[0115] In the formula, is the specific heat capacity of the heat transfer medium; The test time for hydrogen charging or de-charging; The energy storage device 24 is used for a set period of time. The mass of hydrogen stored or released; is the hydrogen mass flow rate as a function of time, is the hydrogen volume flow rate as a function of time; For the pressure and temperature The actual compression factor of hydrogen in the state; is the gas constant; and Set time periods The high-temperature medium flow rate and the low-temperature medium flow rate at the inlet of the inner buffer tank 25.

[0116] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A performance test platform for a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device, characterized in that: include: A gas circuit system, used for charging or discharging hydrogen from a hydrogen port of a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device (24); A heat exchange system, used for providing heat transfer during hydrogen charging and heat supplement during hydrogen discharge for the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device (24); the heat exchange system comprises a buffer tank (25), the inlet of the buffer tank (25) being used for respectively introducing a high-temperature heat exchange medium and a low-temperature heat exchange medium for premixing, and the outlet of the buffer tank (25) being connected to a heat exchange medium inlet of a heat exchange structure in the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device (24); The data acquisition module is used to collect real-time data during hydrogen filling or hydrogen discharge: the pressure at the hydrogen port ,temperature and hydrogen flow, high temperature medium flow and low temperature medium flow at the inlet of the buffer tank (25), the temperature of the heat exchange medium inlet of the heat exchange structure and the temperature of the heat exchange medium outlet ; Wherein, when the hydrogen flow rate at the hydrogen port is not less than a preset flow rate threshold, a mass flow meter (8) measures the hydrogen mass flow rate at the hydrogen port, and vice versa, a volume flow meter (9) measures the hydrogen volume flow rate at the hydrogen port; The controller (30) is used to calculate the The energy consumption per unit mass of hydrogen stored or released by the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device (24) is , the calculation formula is as follows: ； In the formula, is the specific heat capacity of the heat transfer medium; The test time for hydrogen charging or de-hydrogenation; The solid-state hydrogen energy storage device (24) is configured to store hydrogen at a predetermined time period. The mass of hydrogen stored or released; is the hydrogen mass flow rate as a function of time, is the hydrogen volume flow rate as a function of time; For the pressure and temperature The actual compression factor of hydrogen in the state; is the gas constant; and Set time periods The high-temperature medium flow rate and the low-temperature medium flow rate at the inlet of the inner buffer tank (25).

2. A performance testing platform for a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas circuit system comprises a first hydrogen trunk (101) and two hydrogen branch circuits (103); one end of the first hydrogen trunk (101) is simultaneously connected to the two hydrogen branch circuits (103), and the other end is connected to the hydrogen port of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device (24); the data acquisition module comprises a mass flow meter (8) and a volume flow meter (9); the mass flow meter (8) and the volume flow meter (9) are respectively installed on the two hydrogen branch circuits (103), and are respectively used to collect the hydrogen mass flow rate and the hydrogen volume flow rate on the gas circuits; the hydrogen branch circuit (103) where the mass flow meter (8) is located is installed with a solenoid valve (3) (6); the hydrogen branch circuit (103) where the volume flow meter (9) is located is installed with a solenoid valve (4) (7); The controller (30) is further configured to, in an initialization state, control the solenoid valve three (6) to open and the solenoid valve four (7) to close, so that a passage is formed between the first hydrogen trunk (101) and the hydrogen branch (103) where the mass flow meter one (8) is located, and the hydrogen flow rate is calculated in real time based on the hydrogen mass flow collected by the mass flow meter one (8); wherein, if the hydrogen flow rate is lower than a preset flow rate threshold, the initialization state is exited, the solenoid valve three (6) is controlled to close and the solenoid valve four (7) is controlled to open, so that a passage is formed between the first hydrogen trunk (101) and the hydrogen branch (103) where the volume flow meter (9) is located, and the hydrogen flow rate is calculated in real time based on the hydrogen volume flow collected by the volume flow meter (9); and if the real-time hydrogen flow rate is not lower than the preset flow rate threshold, the initialization state is maintained.

3. A performance testing platform for a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas circuit system further comprises a second hydrogen trunk line (102), an air intake line (104), a main exhaust line (105) and an auxiliary exhaust line (106); one end of the second hydrogen trunk line (102) is simultaneously connected to ends of two hydrogen branch lines (103) away from the first hydrogen trunk line (101), that is, the two hydrogen branch lines (103) are arranged in parallel between the first hydrogen trunk line (101) and the second hydrogen trunk line (102); the other end of the second hydrogen trunk line (102) is simultaneously connected to An air intake path (104) and a main exhaust path (105); an auxiliary exhaust path (106) is arranged in parallel with the main exhaust path (105); wherein a solenoid valve 1 (1) is arranged on the air intake path (104); a solenoid valve 2 (3) and a vacuum pump (2) are arranged on the main exhaust path (105) in sequence according to the exhaust direction, and the two are located between the two end nodes of the auxiliary exhaust path (106) connected in parallel with the main exhaust path (105); and a solenoid valve 5 (10) is arranged on the auxiliary exhaust path (106); The data acquisition module further comprises a pressure sensor (4) and a temperature sensor (5); the pressure sensor (4) and the temperature sensor (5) are both installed on the second hydrogen trunk line (102) and are used to collect the pressure at the hydrogen outlet. and temperature ; The controller (30) is further used to control the electromagnetic valve 1 (1) to open and the electromagnetic valve 2 (3) and the electromagnetic valve 5 (10) to close during hydrogen charging, so that the air intake path (104) and the second hydrogen trunk path (102) form a passage; the controller (30) is also used to judge the pressure during hydrogen discharge. Whether the pressure is less than a threshold value, if so, the solenoid valve 2 (3) and the vacuum pump (2) are controlled to be opened, and the solenoid valve 5 (10) is controlled to be closed, and the hydrogen is discharged through the vacuum pump (2); if not, the solenoid valve 2 (3) and the vacuum pump (2) are controlled to be closed, and the solenoid valve 5 (10) is controlled to be opened, and the hydrogen is discharged through the auxiliary exhaust path (106).

4. A performance testing platform for a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat exchange system further comprises a high-temperature medium storage tank (26) and a low-temperature medium storage tank (27); the outlet of the high-temperature medium storage tank (26) is connected to the inlet of the buffer tank (25) via a high-temperature medium pipeline (201), and a solenoid valve seven (14) is provided on the high-temperature medium pipeline (201); the outlet of the low-temperature medium storage tank (27) is connected to the inlet of the buffer tank (25) via a low-temperature medium pipeline (202), and a solenoid valve nine (21) is provided on the low-temperature medium pipeline (202); the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchange structure is connected to the return flow At one end of the main line (203), a centrifugal pump (15) is provided on the return main line (203), and the other end of the return main line (203) is connected to the inlets of the high-temperature medium storage tank (26) and the low-temperature medium storage tank (27) respectively through two return branches (204), thereby realizing the circulation of the heat exchange medium; wherein, the return branch (204) connected to the high-temperature medium storage tank (26) is provided with a solenoid valve six (11), and the return branch (204) connected to the low-temperature medium storage tank (27) is provided with a solenoid valve eight (18).

5. A performance testing platform for a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data acquisition module is also used to collect in real time during hydrogen charging or de-charging: the temperature of the high-temperature heat exchange medium at the inlet of the buffer tank (25); and low temperature heat transfer medium temperature ; Among them, the total energy consumption required for cooling or heating the test platform is , the calculation formula is: ； In the formula, To set the time The proportion of the reflux heat exchange medium entering the high temperature medium storage tank (26); Definition is the regulating factor; The controller (30) is also used to , and By controlling the opening of solenoid valve six (11) and solenoid valve eight (18), the adjustment factor Minimize the heat transfer efficiency.

6. A performance testing platform for a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The data acquisition module further comprises a second temperature sensor (12), a third temperature sensor (16), a fourth temperature sensor (19), a fifth temperature sensor (22), a second mass flow meter (13), a third mass flow meter (20) and a power meter (17); the second temperature sensor (12) and the second mass flow meter (13) are arranged on the high-temperature medium pipeline (201) and are used to collect the temperature of the high-temperature heat exchange medium at the inlet of the buffer tank (25). and high-temperature medium flow; a temperature sensor 4 (19) and a mass flow meter 3 (20) are arranged on the low-temperature medium pipeline (202), and are used to collect the low-temperature heat exchange medium temperature at the inlet of the buffer tank (25). and low temperature medium flow; the temperature sensor five (22) is arranged on the pipeline between the outlet of the buffer tank (25) and the inlet of the heat exchange medium, and is used to collect the temperature of the inlet of the heat exchange medium , and a solenoid valve 10 (23) is also provided on the pipeline; a temperature sensor 3 (16) is provided on the return main line (203) and is used to collect the temperature of the heat exchange medium outlet ; Power meter (17) is used to detect the real-time power of the platform , that is, the total power of all components in the gas circuit system, the heat exchange system, the data acquisition module and the controller (30).

7. A performance testing platform for a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The controller (30) is also used to calculate the Total energy consumption of the platform , ; Thus calculating the platform test efficiency of the performance test platform , .

8. A performance testing platform for a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller (30) is also used to calculate the overall volumetric hydrogen storage density of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device (24). and mass hydrogen storage density , the calculation formula is as follows: ； ； In the formula, is the outer volume of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device (24); is the mass of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device (24); For solid-state hydrogen energy storage devices (24) The accumulated hydrogen filling or degassing mass at the moment, .

9. A performance testing platform for a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A container (28) is provided inside which the gas circuit system, the heat exchange system, the data acquisition module and the controller (30) are installed; the container (28) is a movable structure so that it can be transported to the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device (24) for performance testing.

10. A performance testing method for a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device, characterized in that: A performance testing platform for a solid-state hydrogen energy storage device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9; the performance testing method comprises the following steps: S1. Select hydrogen charging condition or hydrogen discharging condition as the test condition; S2. charging or discharging hydrogen from the hydrogen port of the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device (24) according to the test conditions; S3. Real-time acquisition during hydrogen charging or de-charging: the pressure at the hydrogen port ,temperature and hydrogen flow, high temperature medium flow and low temperature medium flow at the inlet of the buffer tank (25), the temperature of the heat exchange medium inlet of the heat exchange structure and the temperature of the heat exchange medium outlet ; Wherein, when the hydrogen flow rate at the hydrogen inlet is not less than the preset flow rate threshold, the mass flow rate of hydrogen at the hydrogen inlet is measured by a mass flow meter (8), otherwise the volume flow rate of hydrogen at the hydrogen inlet is measured by a volume flow meter (9); S4. Calculate the time period The energy consumption per unit mass of hydrogen stored or released by the solid-state hydrogen energy storage device (24) is , the calculation formula is as follows: ； In the formula, is the specific heat capacity of the heat transfer medium; The test time for hydrogen charging or de-hydrogenation; The solid-state hydrogen energy storage device (24) is configured to store hydrogen at a predetermined time period. The mass of hydrogen stored or released; is the hydrogen mass flow rate as a function of time, is the hydrogen volume flow rate as a function of time; For the pressure and temperature The actual compression factor of hydrogen in the state; is the gas constant; and Set time periods The high-temperature medium flow rate and the low-temperature medium flow rate at the inlet of the inner buffer tank (25).

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