Shield tunnel active and passive source combined geological detection method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a shield tunnel active and passive source combined geological detection method and system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring an active source seismic wave reflection signal and a passive source acoustic wave reflection signal; according to the active source seismic wave reflection signal, obtaining an active source geological detection imaging result by adopting a longitudinal and transverse wave combined imaging principle; according to the passive source sound wave reflection signal, a frequency dispersion extraction-shear wave velocity inversion method fusing spatial autocorrelation and a half-wavelength model is adopted to obtain a passive source geological exploration imaging result; and taking an active source geological detection imaging result as a main result, taking a passive source geological detection imaging result as an auxiliary result, and combining adaptive adjustment coefficients between the two results to obtain an unfavorable geological risk level of the to-be-detected area. Shield tunneling vibration noise with high energy and wide frequency band is introduced as a passive detection source, the detection depth and resolution are improved, and support is provided for accurate geological imaging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geological detection, and in particular to a shield tunnel active and passive source combined geological detection method and system. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] A large number of tunnel constructions are constructed using shield tunneling machines, and the issue of disaster prevention and control in shield tunnel construction has also received increasing attention, especially in rail transit construction represented by urban subways, which face adverse geological conditions such as undulating bedrock, karst, isolated rocks, and uneven hardness, which will bring disaster risks such as sudden water inrush, stratum instability, machine damage, and surface collapse to shield tunneling, which may affect the construction progress at the least and cause major engineering accidents at the worst, and sometimes even cause huge economic losses and casualties. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the adverse geological conditions ahead of the shield construction tunnel, which can effectively avoid geological disasters and ensure the safe construction of the shield tunnel.

[0004] As tunnel depth increases, terrain becomes more complex, and surface exploration technology is limited, the geological problems encountered in tunnel construction become more complex, and the safety hazards become more diverse and varied. The traditional detection method that uses only artificial instantaneous seismic sources or environmental noise sources as detection sources is difficult to take into account both detection depth and resolution, thereby affecting the accuracy of geological detection. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a shield tunnel active and passive source combined geological detection method and system, which introduces shield tunneling vibration noise with strong energy and wide bandwidth as a passive detection source, and uses active source geological detection imaging results as the main source and passive source geological detection imaging results as the auxiliary source to improve the detection depth and resolution, and provide support for accurate geological imaging.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a shield tunnel active and passive source combined geological detection method, comprising:

[0008] Obtain active source seismic wave reflection signals and passive source acoustic wave reflection signals; wherein the active source seismic wave reflection signals are seismic wave signals excited by the excitation device carried by the shield machine hammering the shield body and contacting the surrounding rock; the passive source acoustic wave reflection signals are acoustic wave signals generated by the shield cutter head during the excavation process;

[0009] Based on the active source seismic wave reflection signal, the principle of combined longitudinal and transverse wave imaging is adopted to obtain the active source geological detection imaging results;

[0010] According to the passive source acoustic wave reflection signal, the dispersion extraction-shear wave velocity inversion method integrating spatial autocorrelation and half-wavelength model is adopted to obtain the passive source geological detection imaging results.

[0011] The adverse geological risk level of the area to be tested is obtained by taking the active source geological detection imaging results as the main factor and the passive source geological detection imaging results as the auxiliary factor, and combining the adaptive adjustment coefficient between the two.

[0012] As an optional implementation, the process of obtaining active source geological exploration imaging results includes:

[0013] After performing wide-band and wide-view velocity filtering by FK transform, the refined parameters are re-filtered by linear Radon transform method to extract complex wavefield reflection waves;

[0014] After the real stacking velocity is given, the average amplitude energy and average amplitude take maximum values, and the three-dimensional space wave velocity is analyzed by the average amplitude energy and average amplitude;

[0015] The Kirchhoff depth migration method is used for detection imaging processing, that is, for fixed source excitation points and signal receiving points, the seismic wave propagation distance is obtained according to the surrounding rock wave velocity and seismic wave propagation time.

[0016] As an optional implementation, the process of obtaining the passive source geological detection imaging result includes:

[0017] Perform time-division Fourier transform on the passive source acoustic wave reflection signal, construct the spatial autocorrelation equation, and then construct the dispersion curve model;

[0018] The half-wavelength model is obtained from the half-wave field theory to solve the shear wave velocity;

[0019] The detection space range and grid division method are adopted, and each grid node is assumed to be a reflection point. Based on the positional relationship among the source point, the receiving point and the transmitting point and the given surrounding rock wave velocity, the travel time under the propagation path is obtained. The corresponding instantaneous amplitude value is obtained according to the travel time between the source point and the receiving point. The instantaneous amplitude at the same grid node is superimposed. If the reflection point is the real interface position, the amplitude will reach a maximum value.

[0020] As an optional implementation method, a three-component detector is arranged on the shield body of the shield machine to collect active source seismic wave reflection signals. The three-component detector is connected to the active source demodulator through a wired connection to send the active source seismic wave reflection signals to the demodulator, and the relevant results are uploaded to the cloud through a data network connection for joint calculation.

[0021] As an optional implementation method, passive source sensors are linearly arranged along the shield tunneling direction to collect passive source acoustic wave reflection signals. The passive source sensors are connected to the passive source demodulator via a wired connection to send the passive source acoustic wave reflection signals to the demodulator, and the relevant results are uploaded to the cloud via a data network connection for joint calculation.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a shield tunnel active and passive source combined geological detection system, comprising:

[0023] The acquisition module is configured to acquire active source seismic wave reflection signals and passive source acoustic wave reflection signals; wherein the active source seismic wave reflection signals are seismic wave signals excited by the excitation device carried by the shield machine after the shield body is hammered to contact the surrounding rock; and the passive source acoustic wave reflection signals are acoustic wave signals generated by the shield cutter head during the excavation process;

[0024] The active source detection module is configured to obtain active source geological detection imaging results based on the active source seismic wave reflection signal and the principle of combined longitudinal and transverse wave imaging;

[0025] The passive source detection module is configured to obtain passive source geological detection imaging results based on passive source acoustic wave reflection signals by using a dispersion extraction-shear wave velocity inversion method that integrates spatial autocorrelation and a half-wavelength model;

[0026] The joint detection module is configured to use active source geological detection imaging results as the main and passive source geological detection imaging results as the auxiliary, and combine the adaptive adjustment coefficient between the two to obtain the adverse geological risk level of the area to be detected.

[0027] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a shield tunnel active and passive source combined geological detection system, comprising: an excitation device and a three-component geophone mounted on a shield machine, a passive source sensor arranged along the shield tunneling direction, an active source demodulator wired to the three-component geophone, a passive source demodulator wired to the passive source sensor, and an active and passive source combined computing cloud connected to the data network of the active source demodulator and the passive source demodulator;

[0028] The three-component geophone is used to collect seismic wave signals generated by the excitation device hammering the shield body and contacting the surrounding rock, and send them to the active source demodulator;

[0029] The passive source sensor is used to collect the acoustic wave signal generated by the shield cutter head during the excavation process and send it to the passive source demodulator;

[0030] The active source demodulator is used to obtain active source detection results according to the seismic wave signal using the method described in the first aspect;

[0031] The passive source is used to obtain a passive source detection result according to the acoustic wave signal using the method described in the first aspect;

[0032] The active and passive source combined computing cloud obtains the adverse geological risk level of the area to be detected based on the active and passive source detection results using the method described in the first aspect.

[0033] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, and computer instructions stored in the memory and executed on the processor, wherein when the computer instructions are executed by the processor, the method described in the first aspect is completed.

[0034] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, completes the method described in the first aspect.

[0035] In a sixth aspect, the present invention provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method described in the first aspect is implemented.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] The present invention proposes a shield tunnel active and passive source combined geological detection method and system, introduces shield tunneling vibration noise with strong energy and wide frequency band as a passive detection source, obtains active source geological detection imaging results according to active source seismic wave reflection signals, and obtains passive source geological detection imaging results according to passive source sound wave reflection signals, with active source geological detection imaging results as the main and passive source geological detection imaging results as the auxiliary, thereby improving the detection depth and resolution of geological prediction, and quickly and accurately obtaining adverse geological information ahead of shield construction.

[0038] The present invention proposes a shield tunnel active and passive source combined geological detection method and system, in which geological prediction is carried out simultaneously with shield tunneling machine construction, without the need for the shield tunneling machine to stop for coordination, and does not occupy the shield tunneling working time, which is conducive to giving full play to the working efficiency of the shield tunneling machine, has good adaptability to shield tunnel construction, and reduces the influence of factors such as metal in the tunnel on data collection.

[0039] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0041] Figure 1A flow chart of a shield tunnel active and passive source combined geological exploration method provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the active and passive source combined geological exploration method for a shield tunnel provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0043] Among them: 1. Shield body; 2. Three-component detector; 3. Wired connection; 4. Active source demodulator; 5. Excitation hammer equipment; 6. Shield cutterhead; 7. Ground; 8. Passive source sensor; 9. Passive source demodulator; 10. Data network connection; 11. Active and passive source joint computing cloud. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0045] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0046] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that the terms "include" and "have" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0047] In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a shield tunnel active and passive source combined geological detection method, including:

[0050] Obtain active source seismic wave reflection signals and passive source acoustic wave reflection signals; wherein the active source seismic wave reflection signals are seismic wave signals excited by the excitation device carried by the shield machine hammering the shield body and contacting the surrounding rock; the passive source acoustic wave reflection signals are acoustic wave signals generated by the shield cutter head during the excavation process;

[0051] Based on the active source seismic wave reflection signal, the principle of combined longitudinal and transverse wave imaging is adopted to obtain the active source geological detection imaging results;

[0052] According to the passive source acoustic wave reflection signal, the dispersion extraction-shear wave velocity inversion method integrating spatial autocorrelation and half-wavelength model is adopted to obtain the passive source geological detection imaging results.

[0053] The adverse geological risk level of the area to be tested is obtained by taking the active source geological detection imaging results as the main factor and the passive source geological detection imaging results as the auxiliary factor, and combining the adaptive adjustment coefficient between the two.

[0054] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, an active source excitation hammer device 6 is mounted on the shield body 1 of the shield machine, and the excitation hammer device 5 contacts the surrounding rock by hammering the shield body 1 to efficiently excite seismic wave signals; a three-component detector 2 is arranged on the shield body 1 behind the excitation hammer device 5, which is used to collect seismic wave signals reflected by the front reflection surface, and the three-component detector 2 is connected to the active source demodulator 4 through a wired connection 3, and is used to send the active source seismic wave reflection signal to the active source demodulator 4, and inversely predict adverse geological conditions such as faults and caves based on the elastic wave reflection method, and transmit the processing results to the active and passive source joint computing cloud 11 through the data network connection 10, which is used for subsequent active and passive source joint prediction.

[0055] The specific process of active source geological exploration imaging is as follows: when the shield machine segments are assembled, the segments are hammered with an airborne excitation hammer device to efficiently excite seismic wave signals and propagate in all directions in the form of spherical waves. According to the Huygens-Fresnel principle and the Fermat principle, when there is an interface between two different solid media in the sound wave propagation path, the propagation of the wave will undergo refraction, reflection and wave type conversion. The three-component detector at the rear receives the elastic waves reflected by the geological surface. After data preprocessing and waveform processing, the complex wave field reflection wave extraction and three-dimensional space wave velocity analysis are performed according to the principle of joint imaging of longitudinal and transverse waves. Finally, the Kirchhoff integral method is used to perform migration imaging to obtain the active source geological exploration imaging results.

[0056] The specific inversion process is:

[0057] (1-1) Data preprocessing: This is to evaluate data quality, remove bad tracks, edit and correct data, and capture effective data (depending on the detection distance), so that subsequent signal processing is focused and efficient, and the observation system layout is parameterized.

[0058] (1-2) Seismic data waveform processing: The seismic wave reflection signal is processed by using the improved Butterworth bandpass filtering method, and its transfer function expression is shown in formula (1);

[0059]

[0060] Among them, H 1P(u, v) refers to the nth order modified Butterworth low-pass filter with a cutoff frequency of D; D(u, v) is the distance from the point (u, v) to the center of the frequency rectangle (M / 2, N / 2); D is the cutoff frequency; n is the improvement order

[0061] (1-3) Complex wave field reflection wave extraction: Complex wave field refers to the situation in which the effective signal in the collected signal is masked by various useless signals due to various interferences on site in actual applications. The single filtering method of FK filtering and τ-p filtering has certain limitations. Wave field separation and noise reduction are key steps in signal processing. Therefore, the present invention proposes a joint filtering method of FK and τ-p. 1) First, wide-band and wide-angle velocity filtering is realized through FK transformation to eliminate the partial downlink waves with stronger energy and filter out high and low frequency noise signals; 2) Secondly, the linear Radon transformation method is used to perform re-filtering of refined parameters to truly realize the extraction and denoising of the effective wave field.

[0062] (1-4) Three-dimensional wave velocity analysis: The wave number is analyzed using the diffraction scanning stacking velocity analysis method, mainly through the joint judgment of the two parameters of average amplitude energy and average amplitude. That is, after the real stacking velocity is given, the average amplitude energy or amplitude will reach the maximum value;

[0063] The specific process of diffraction scanning stacking velocity analysis method is as follows:

[0064] Step 1: Determine the velocity scanning range. Based on the seismic data processed by first arrival picking and seismic time base correction, obtain the direct wave velocity, use it as a reference for the wave velocity scanning range, and combine it with engineering geological data and actual geological conditions.

[0065] Step 2: Define the detection space range in front of the shield tunnel excavation face. Generally speaking, the advance detection range is about 30-50m deep, and should also include the space where the observation system is located behind the excavation face (about 20m). This space range is refined into a grid profile. In practice, it is found that the grid size is generally defined as about 0.5-2m to meet the accuracy requirements.

[0066] Step 3: Calculate the seismic travel time parameter table. Based on the given wave velocity range and step length, calculate the seismic travel time corresponding to each time node, that is, each node can obtain the travel time corresponding to the scanning speed:

[0067]

[0068] Where: S1, S2 are the distances between the node, source and sensor respectively; v0 is the initial velocity; Δv is the velocity step; t(i) is the travel time for the current scanning velocity pair.

[0069] Step 4: Generate seismic records corresponding to each time node. Assign amplitude to each grid node, but considering the discreteness of seismic gather records in actual detection, not every travel time has a corresponding amplitude value, and the Lagrange interpolation method is used to obtain the amplitude value at the node.

[0070] Step 5: Stack the amplitude values ​​corresponding to each diffraction profile. If the scanning speed is equal to the stacking speed, similar waveform recording points can be found on different seismic records, and an amplitude extreme value can be obtained after coherent stacking. According to the process, the amplitude extreme value corresponding to each node is calculated to determine the stacking velocity parameter.

[0071] (1-5) Detection imaging: For a certain reflection point, it forms an ellipse with a fixed length of r together with the two focal points such as the source point and the receiving point. If the predetermined wave velocity is the real surrounding rock wave velocity, the corresponding amplitude value during the travel is distributed to the elliptical trajectory. Then, taking into account factors such as the propagation distance, reflection angle and phase shift, the amplitude is corrected for inclination, length and phase. Finally, the amplitude is redistributed to the ellipse. This is the whole process of Kirchhoff integral method migration imaging. The specific implementation path is as follows:

[0072] In the first step, the same detection space range and grid generation method as those used in velocity analysis are used, and each grid node is assumed to be a reflection point.

[0073] The second step is to obtain the travel time under the propagation path based on the positional relationship among the source point, the receiving point, and the transmitting point and the given surrounding rock wave velocity.

[0074] The third step is to find the corresponding instantaneous amplitude value according to the travel time between the source point and the receiving point, and superimpose the instantaneous amplitude at the same grid node. If the reflection point is the real interface position, the amplitude will reach a maximum value. Otherwise, the superimposed amplitude will approach zero.

[0075] The fourth step is to connect the amplitude extreme values ​​of each point and draw an amplitude profile by interpolation fitting. Based on the geology of the excitation point, we can know the geological changes of the front reflection point relative to the excitation point. When the number is positive, it means the same geology, and when the number is negative, it means relatively loose geology.

[0076] In this embodiment, if Figure 2As shown, passive source sensors 8 are linearly arranged on the ground 7 in the shield tunneling direction. During the shield machine tunneling process, the shield cutter head 7 generates a large number of broadband sound wave signals and propagates in all directions. The passive source sensors 8 arranged on the ground along the shield tunneling direction receive the broadband signals reflected back by the shield tunneling noise as a passive source. The passive source sensors 8 are connected to the passive source demodulator 9 via a wired connection 3, which is used to send the passive source sound wave reflection signal to the passive source demodulator 9 to inversely predict adverse geological conditions such as isolated rocks and soft-hard interfaces, and the processing results are transmitted to the active and passive source joint computing cloud 11 through the data network connection 10 for subsequent active and passive source joint prediction.

[0077] The specific process of passive source geological detection imaging is as follows: during shield tunneling, the cutterhead tool generates a strong acoustic wave signal and propagates in all directions in the form of spherical waves. Based on the seismic wave data received by the passive source sensor, the adverse geological inversion method integrating spatial autocorrelation and half-wavelength model is adopted to realize the passive source geological prediction imaging of the shield tunnel.

[0078] The specific process is as follows:

[0079] (2-1) The implementation methods of data preprocessing, waveform processing and other processes are the same as those of the active source mentioned above and will not be repeated here.

[0080] (2-2) Extraction of dispersion curve: Perform time-division Fourier transform on the processed random noise signal, extract the data of each frequency, and use this as a basis to calculate the spatial autocorrelation coefficient between sensors. After azimuth averaging, the spatial autocorrelation coefficient under the arrangement form is obtained. The obtained spatial autocorrelation coefficient is fitted with the first-kind first-order Bessel function to obtain the phase velocity at each frequency. The obtained curve is the dispersion curve;

[0081] (2-3) Shear wave velocity inversion: The extracted dispersion curve is subjected to multi-mode surface wave joint inversion based on mode identification to obtain the one-dimensional velocity curve of the measuring point. This part mainly includes two stages: the first stage is to establish the initial model and use the extracted fundamental mode dispersion curve for inversion calculation; the second stage is to use the inversion result of the fundamental mode as the updated initial model and add the dispersion curves of each mode into the inversion process for optimization fitting.

[0082] (2-4) Inversion imaging: Repeat steps (2) and (3) for each measuring point to obtain the inversion results of all measuring points, and draw the shear wave velocity profile by interpolation fitting, so as to obtain the geological body information within the scope of engineering survey and realize the refined exploration of complex urban environment.

[0083] The geological conditions can be qualitatively interpreted based on the changes in the dispersion curve; at a certain point, the lower phase velocity indicates that the geology is more broken and the rock mass is weaker, while the higher phase velocity indicates that the geology is more intact and the rock mass is stronger. A larger phase velocity variation indicates that there may be weak interlayers or isolated rocks at that location.

[0084] In this embodiment, the process of active and passive source combined geological exploration includes: taking active source geological exploration imaging results as the main and passive source geological exploration imaging results as the auxiliary, combining geological survey data, comprehensively considering active and passive source geological exploration results, and finally determining the adverse geological risk level of the area to be measured, improving the detection depth and resolution, and providing support for accurate geological imaging.

[0085] Example 2

[0086] This embodiment provides a shield tunnel active and passive source combined geological detection system, including:

[0087] The acquisition module is configured to acquire active source seismic wave reflection signals and passive source acoustic wave reflection signals; wherein the active source seismic wave reflection signals are seismic wave signals excited by the excitation device carried by the shield machine after the shield body is hammered to contact the surrounding rock; and the passive source acoustic wave reflection signals are acoustic wave signals generated by the shield cutter head during the excavation process;

[0088] The active source detection module is configured to obtain active source geological detection imaging results based on the active source seismic wave reflection signal and the principle of combined longitudinal and transverse wave imaging;

[0089] The passive source detection module is configured to obtain passive source geological detection imaging results based on passive source acoustic wave reflection signals by using a dispersion extraction-shear wave velocity inversion method that integrates spatial autocorrelation and a half-wavelength model;

[0090] The joint detection module is configured to use active source geological detection imaging results as the main and passive source geological detection imaging results as the auxiliary, and combine the adaptive adjustment coefficient between the two to obtain the adverse geological risk level of the area to be detected.

[0091] It should be noted that the above modules correspond to the steps described in Example 1, and the examples and application scenarios implemented by the above modules and the corresponding steps are the same, but are not limited to the contents disclosed in the above Example 1. It should be noted that the above modules, as part of the system, can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions.

[0092] In further embodiments, there is also provided:

[0093] A shield tunnel active and passive source combined geological detection system, comprising: an excitation device and a three-component geophone mounted on a shield machine, a passive source sensor arranged along the shield tunneling direction, an active source demodulator wired to the three-component geophone, a passive source demodulator wired to the passive source sensor, and an active and passive source combined computing cloud connected to the data network of the active source demodulator and the passive source demodulator;

[0094] The three-component geophone is used to collect seismic wave signals generated by the excitation device hammering the shield body and contacting the surrounding rock, and send them to the active source demodulator;

[0095] The passive source sensor is used to collect the acoustic wave signal generated by the shield cutter head during the excavation process and send it to the passive source demodulator;

[0096] The active source demodulator is used to obtain active source detection results according to the seismic wave signal using the method described in Example 1, specifically: the active source demodulator is used to preliminarily process the seismic wave signal collected by the three-component detector, and upload the processing result to the cloud through a data network connection for joint calculation;

[0097] The passive source is used to obtain the passive source detection result according to the acoustic wave signal by using the method described in Example 1, specifically: the passive source demodulator is used to preliminarily process the passive source acoustic wave signal collected by the passive source sensor, and upload the processing result to the cloud through a data network connection for joint calculation;

[0098] The active and passive source combined computing cloud obtains the adverse geological risk level of the area to be tested based on the active and passive source detection results and the method described in Example 1, specifically: the active and passive source combined computing cloud receives the processing results from the active source demodulator and the passive source demodulator, combines the adaptive adjustment coefficients of the two, and obtains the adverse geological risk level of the area to be tested.

[0099] In further embodiments, there is also provided:

[0100] An electronic device includes a memory and a processor, and computer instructions stored in the memory and executed on the processor, wherein when the computer instructions are executed by the processor, the method described in Embodiment 1 is performed. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0101] It should be understood that in this embodiment, the processor may be a central processing unit CPU, and the processor may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors DSP, application-specific integrated circuits ASIC, off-the-shelf programmable gate arrays FPGA or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc.

[0102] The memory may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provide instructions and data to the processor. A portion of the memory may also include a non-volatile random access memory. For example, the memory may also store information about the device type.

[0103] A computer-readable storage medium is used to store computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the method described in Example 1 is completed.

[0104] The method in Example 1 can be directly embodied as a hardware processor, or a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware. To avoid repetition, it is not described in detail here.

[0105] A computer program product includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method described in embodiment 1 is implemented.

[0106] The present invention also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer executable instructions, such as instructions included in a program module, which are executed in a device on a real or virtual processor of the target to perform the process / method as described above. Typically, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. In various embodiments, the functions of program modules can be combined or divided between program modules as needed. Machine executable instructions for program modules can be executed in local or distributed devices. In distributed devices, program modules can be located in local and remote storage media.

[0107] The computer program code for implementing the method of the present invention can be written in one or more programming languages. These computer program codes can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer or other programmable data processing device, so that the program code, when executed by the computer or other programmable data processing device, causes the function / operation specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram to be implemented. The program code can be executed completely on a computer, partially on a computer, as an independent software package, partially on a computer and partially on a remote computer or completely on a remote computer or server.

[0108] In the context of the present invention, computer program codes or related data may be carried by any appropriate carrier to enable a device, apparatus or processor to perform the various processes and operations described above. Examples of carriers include signals, computer readable media, and the like. Examples of signals may include electrical, optical, radio, acoustic or other forms of propagation signals, such as carrier waves, infrared signals, and the like.

[0109] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with this embodiment can be implemented in electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0110] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shield tunnel active and passive source combined geological detection method, characterized in that: include: Obtain active source seismic wave reflection signals and passive source acoustic wave reflection signals; wherein the active source seismic wave reflection signals are seismic wave signals excited by the excitation device carried by the shield machine after hammering the shield body to contact the surrounding rock, and the passive source acoustic wave reflection signals are acoustic wave signals generated by the shield cutter head during the excavation process; Based on the active source seismic wave reflection signal, the principle of combined longitudinal and transverse wave imaging is adopted to obtain the active source geological detection imaging results; According to the passive source acoustic wave reflection signal, the dispersion extraction-shear wave velocity inversion method integrating spatial autocorrelation and half-wavelength model is adopted to obtain the passive source geological detection imaging results. The adverse geological risk level of the area to be tested is obtained by taking the active source geological detection imaging results as the main factor and the passive source geological detection imaging results as the auxiliary factor, and combining the adaptive adjustment coefficient between the two.

2. A shield tunnel active and passive source combined geological exploration method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining active source geological detection imaging results includes: After performing wide-band and wide-view velocity filtering by FK transform, the refined parameters are re-filtered by linear Radon transform method to extract complex wavefield reflection waves; After the real stacking velocity is given, the average amplitude energy and average amplitude take maximum values, and the three-dimensional space wave velocity is analyzed by the average amplitude energy and average amplitude; The Kirchhoff depth migration method is used for detection imaging processing, that is, for fixed source excitation points and signal receiving points, the seismic wave propagation distance is obtained according to the surrounding rock wave velocity and seismic wave propagation time.

3. A shield tunnel active and passive source combined geological exploration method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining passive source geological detection imaging results includes: Perform time-division Fourier transform on the passive source acoustic wave reflection signal, construct the spatial autocorrelation equation, and then construct the dispersion curve model; The half-wavelength model is obtained from the half-wave field theory to solve the shear wave velocity; The detection space range and grid division method are adopted, and each grid node is assumed to be a reflection point. Based on the positional relationship among the source point, the receiving point and the transmitting point and the given surrounding rock wave velocity, the travel time under the propagation path is obtained. The corresponding instantaneous amplitude value is obtained according to the travel time between the source point and the receiving point. The instantaneous amplitude at the same grid node is superimposed. If the reflection point is the real interface position, the amplitude will reach a maximum value.

4. A shield tunnel active and passive source combined geological exploration method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A three-component geophone is installed on the shield of the shield machine to collect active source seismic wave reflection signals. The three-component geophone is connected to the active source demodulator through a wired connection to send the active source seismic wave reflection signals to the demodulator, and upload the relevant results to the cloud through a data network connection for joint calculation.

5. A shield tunnel active and passive source combined geological exploration method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Passive source sensors are arranged linearly along the shield tunneling direction to collect passive source acoustic wave reflection signals. The passive source sensors are connected to the passive source demodulator through a wired connection to send the passive source acoustic wave reflection signals to the demodulator, and the relevant results are uploaded to the cloud through a data network connection for joint calculation.

6. A shield tunnel active and passive source combined geological detection system, characterized in that: include: The acquisition module is configured to acquire active source seismic wave reflection signals and passive source acoustic wave reflection signals; wherein the active source seismic wave reflection signals are seismic wave signals excited by the excitation device carried by the shield machine after the shield body is hammered to contact the surrounding rock; and the passive source acoustic wave reflection signals are acoustic wave signals generated by the shield cutter head during the excavation process; The active source detection module is configured to obtain active source geological detection imaging results based on the active source seismic wave reflection signal and the principle of combined longitudinal and transverse wave imaging; The passive source detection module is configured to obtain passive source geological detection imaging results based on passive source acoustic wave reflection signals by using a dispersion extraction-shear wave velocity inversion method that integrates spatial autocorrelation and a half-wavelength model; The joint detection module is configured to use active source geological detection imaging results as the main and passive source geological detection imaging results as the auxiliary, and combine the adaptive adjustment coefficient between the two to obtain the adverse geological risk level of the area to be detected.

7. A shield tunnel active and passive source combined geological detection system, characterized in that: include: The excitation device and three-component geophone carried on the shield machine, the passive source sensor arranged along the shield tunneling direction, the active source demodulator wired to the three-component geophone, the passive source demodulator wired to the passive source sensor, and the active and passive source joint computing cloud connected to the data network of the active source demodulator and the passive source demodulator; The three-component geophone is used to collect seismic wave signals generated by the excitation device hammering the shield body and contacting the surrounding rock, and send them to the active source demodulator; The passive source sensor is used to collect the acoustic wave signal generated by the shield cutter head during the excavation process and send it to the passive source demodulator; The active source demodulator is used to obtain active source detection results according to seismic wave signals by using the method described in any one of claims 1 to 5; The passive source is used to obtain a passive source detection result according to the acoustic wave signal by using the method described in any one of claims 1 to 5; The active and passive source combined computing cloud obtains the adverse geological risk level of the area to be tested based on the active and passive source detection results using the methods described in claims 1-5.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: The method comprises a memory and a processor, and computer instructions stored in the memory and executed on the processor, wherein when the computer instructions are executed by the processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is completed.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: Used to store computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, complete the method described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that The invention comprises a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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