Machining tool and machining method for tappet hole of air cylinder body of high-power diesel engine

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-power diesel engine cylinder body tappet hole machining tool and method, a tappet hole and a tappet through hole in the upper portion of the tappet hole are coaxially formed in one side of a cylinder hole, and the machining tool comprises a rough machining tool body and a finish machining tool body; the rough machining cutter comprises a first reaming ladder blade and a second reaming ladder blade, and the second reaming ladder blade is arranged in front of the second reaming ladder blade; the finish machining tool comprises a first reamer ladder blade and a second reamer ladder blade, and the first ladder blade is arranged in front of the second reamer ladder blade. According to the machining tool and method for the tappet hole of the cylinder body of the high-power diesel engine, it can be guaranteed that cutting is stable and does not vibrate in the machining process, the quality of the machined tappet hole and the machined tappet via hole is qualified, the machining efficiency is higher, and the service life of the tool is longer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mechanical processing tools and processing methods, in particular to a processing tool and processing method for a tappet hole of a cylinder body of a high-power diesel engine. Background Art

[0002] The tappet hole of a diesel engine cylinder block is a key part for installing the engine tappet. The processing accuracy and surface finish of the tappet hole are very high. The tappet hole is inside the cylinder block and is relatively long. Processing the tappet hole requires a tool with a long overhang. The tool with a long overhang is prone to tool vibration during processing, which affects the surface quality of the processed hole and the tool edge, especially the tappet holes of a high-power diesel engine cylinder block. The tappet holes are longer and have more tappet holes. In addition, the materials generally used for the cylinder block of a high-power diesel engine are materials that are very difficult to process, such as vermicular graphite cast iron. Therefore, lower processing efficiency and shorter tool life have become bottlenecks in this type of production. Therefore, it is urgent to solve the problems of low tappet hole processing efficiency and short tool life.

[0003] The tappet hole machining tool and method generally used in the prior art are: first use a rough boring tool to expand the tappet hole, then use a rough boring tool to expand the tappet hole, and finally use a fine boring tool to fine bore the tappet hole to size. The prior art is prone to tool vibration during machining, low machining efficiency, short tool life, and difficult to ensure roughness. Therefore, we propose a tool and method for machining the tappet hole of a high-power diesel engine cylinder block to solve the above problems.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a machining tool for the tappet hole of a high-power diesel engine cylinder block, which can ensure smooth cutting without tool vibration during the machining process, the quality of the machined tappet hole and tappet through hole is good, the machining efficiency is higher, and the tool life is longer.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for machining a tappet hole of a cylinder block of a high-power diesel engine.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a machining tool for a tappet hole of a cylinder block of a high-power diesel engine, wherein the tappet hole and the tappet through-hole on its upper portion are coaxially arranged on one side of the cylinder hole, and the machining tool comprises a rough machining tool and a fine machining tool; the rough machining tool comprises a first step edge for reaming and a second step edge for reaming, and the second step edge for reaming is arranged in front of the second step edge for reaming; the fine machining tool comprises a first step edge for reaming and a second step edge for reaming, and the first step edge is arranged in front of the second step edge for reaming.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the second step edge of the hole reamer is coaxially arranged with the second step edge of the hole reamer, and the first step edge of the reamer is coaxially arranged with the second step edge of the reamer.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the hole diameter processed by the second step edge of the hole expander is larger than the hole diameter processed by the first step edge of the hole expander, and the hole diameter processed by the second step edge of the reamer is larger than the hole diameter processed by the first step edge of the reamer.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the first step edge for reaming, the second step edge for reaming, the first step edge for reaming and the second step edge for reaming are all multiple cutting edge structures evenly distributed and arranged on the same circumference.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the machining tool for the tappet hole of a cylinder block of a high-power diesel engine also includes a rough machining shank, which is used to install the rough machining tool, and the rough machining tool also includes a reaming tool body, a reaming tool clamp and a reaming tool head; one end of the reaming tool body is used to connect with the rough machining shank; the reaming tool clamp is arranged at the outer circumference of the other end of the reaming tool body, and the second reaming ladder edge is detachably arranged at the reaming tool clamp; one end of the reaming tool head is connected to the other end of the reaming tool body through a socket, and the first reaming ladder edge is detachably arranged at the outer circumference of the other end of the reaming tool head.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the machining tool for the tappet hole of a high-power diesel engine cylinder block also includes a finishing tool holder, which is used to install the finishing tool, and the finishing tool also includes a reamer body and a reamer head; one end of the reamer body is connected to the finishing tool holder through a flange interface; one end of the reamer head is connected to the other end of the reamer body, and the first reamer step edge and the second reamer step edge are integrally and detachably arranged on the outer circumference of the other end of the reamer head.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the flange interface includes an adjusting screw, which can radially adjust the runout of the reamer body to ensure machining accuracy.

[0014] To achieve the above-mentioned another purpose, the present invention also provides a method for processing the tappet hole of a cylinder block of a high-power diesel engine, which is processed by using the processing tools as mentioned above, and the processing method includes: firstly, rough processing is performed, the machining center drives the reaming tool body to enter from the tappet hole, and reams the tappet hole through the first step edge of the reaming, and at the same time, a certain processing allowance is reserved for the tappet hole for subsequent processing; the machining center simultaneously drives the reaming tool holder, and directly processes the tappet through hole to the designed size through the second step edge of the reaming; then, fine processing is performed, the machining center drives the reamer body to enter from the tappet through hole again through the fine processing tool holder, and after passing through the tappet through hole, fine processing is performed on the tappet hole through the reamer head; firstly, the tappet hole is finely processed by the first step edge of the reamer, and a certain processing allowance is reserved again for subsequent processing steps; and finally, the tappet hole is processed to the final size by the second step edge of the reamer.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the push rod through hole is larger than the diameter of the push rod hole, the hole diameter processed by the second step edge of the hole expansion is larger than the hole diameter processed by the first step edge of the hole expansion, and the hole diameter processed by the second step edge of the reamer is larger than the hole diameter processed by the first step edge of the reamer.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the first step edge of the hole reamer, the second step edge of the hole reamer, the first step edge of the reamer and the second step edge of the reamer are multiple cutting edge structures evenly distributed on the same circumference, and can be replaced at any time when the first step edge of the hole reamer, the second step edge of the hole reamer and the reamer head are worn.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the tool and method for machining the tappet hole of a cylinder block of a high-power diesel engine of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: the first step edge and the second step edge of the reaming tool head of the present scheme are both made into a multi-edge structure, and the tool head is replaceable, the first step edge of the reaming tool is used as the first tool to reame the tappet hole first, and a certain margin is reserved for subsequent processing by the second tool; and the tappet hole is directly processed to the designed size by the second step edge of the reaming tool; after the processing of the first step edge (the first tool) is completed, at this time, the margin of the tappet hole is small, and the processing amount of the second tool can be reduced; the reamer head (the first step edge of the reamer and the second step edge of the reamer) finely processes the tappet hole to the final size, Among them, the reamer head is replaceable, and the blade of the reamer head is made into a stepped structure. The diameter of the first step blade of the reamer is smaller than the diameter of the second step blade of the reamer. The first step and the second step cutting edges are designed to have a main deflection angle of a certain angle. When the reamer head is cutting, the first step cutting edge is first involved in the cutting, leaving a smaller margin for the second step cutting edge to cut, and the second step cutting edge is cut subsequently. At this time, the first step cutting edge plays a guiding and supporting role to ensure that the second step cutting edge is cut smoothly without vibration; and the vibration of the reamer body can be radially adjusted through the adjusting screw on the flange interface to ensure the processing accuracy. Through the above processing tools and processing methods, the processed holes have good quality, high processing efficiency and long tool life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a diesel engine cylinder block and its tappet hole according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a tappet hole in a diesel engine cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a reamer for machining tappet holes and through holes in a diesel engine cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a reamer for machining tappet holes of a diesel engine cylinder block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of location I of the tappet hole reamer.

[0023] Description of main reference numerals:

[0024] A1-tweezer through hole, A2-tweezer hole, 1-reamer head, 101-reamer first step edge, 102-reamer second step edge, 2-reamer clamp, 3-reamer body, 4-reamer head, 401-reamer first step edge, 402-reamer second step edge, 5-reamer body, 6-rough machining handle, 7-finishing handle, adjusting screw-8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation modes.

[0026] Unless explicitly stated otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term “comprise” or variations such as “include” or “comprising”, etc., will be understood to include the stated elements or components but not to exclude other elements or components.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a machining tool for a tappet hole of a cylinder block of a high-power diesel engine is provided, wherein the tappet hole A2 and the tappet through hole A1 on its upper portion are coaxially arranged on one side of the cylinder hole, and the diameter of the tappet through hole A1 is greater than the diameter of the tappet hole A2; the machining tool comprises a rough machining tool and a fine machining tool; the rough machining tool comprises a first step edge 101 for reaming and a second step edge 102 for reaming, and the second step edge 102 for reaming is arranged in front of the second step edge 102 for reaming; the fine machining tool comprises a first step edge 401 for reaming and a second step edge 402 for reaming, and the first step edge is arranged in front of the second step edge 402 for reaming.

[0028] In some embodiments, the reamer second step edge 102 is coaxially arranged with the reamer second step edge 102 , and the reamer first step edge 401 is coaxially arranged with the reamer second step edge 402 .

[0029] In some embodiments, the hole diameter processed by the second step edge 102 of the reamer is larger than the hole diameter processed by the first step edge 101 of the reamer, and the hole diameter processed by the second step edge 402 of the reamer is larger than the hole diameter processed by the first step edge 401 of the reamer.

[0030] In some embodiments, the first reaming step edge 101, the second reaming step edge 102, the first reaming step edge 401, and the second reaming step edge 402 are all multiple cutting edge structures evenly distributed on the same circumference. This design is conducive to the replacement of the tool to ensure the processing quality requirements, and the cost and workload of replacing only the blade are relatively small.

[0031] In some embodiments, the machining tool for the high-power diesel engine cylinder block tappet hole A2 also includes a rough machining shank 6, which is used to install the rough machining tool, and the rough machining tool also includes a reaming tool body 3, a reaming tool clamp 2 and a reaming tool head 1; one end of the reaming tool body 3 is used to connect with the rough machining shank 6; the reaming tool clamp 2 is arranged at the outer circumference of the other end of the reaming tool body 3, and the reaming second ladder edge 102 is detachably arranged at the reaming tool clamp 2; one end of the reaming tool head 1 is connected to the other end of the reaming tool body 3 through a socket, and the reaming first ladder edge 101 is detachably arranged at the outer circumference of the other end of the reaming tool head 1.

[0032] In some embodiments, the machining tool for the high-power diesel engine cylinder block tappet hole A2 also includes a finishing tool holder 7, which is used to install the finishing tool, and the finishing tool also includes a reamer body 5 and a reamer head 4; one end of the reamer body 5 is connected to the finishing tool holder 7 through a flange interface; one end of the reamer head 4 is connected to the other end of the reamer body 5, and the reamer first step edge 401 and the reamer second step edge 402 are integrally and detachably arranged on the outer circumference of the other end of the reamer head 4.

[0033] In some embodiments, the main deflection angle R1 of the cutting edge of the first step edge 401 of the reamer is between 70° and 75°, which can ensure that the cutting edge of the first step edge 401 of the reamer is from point to line when starting to cut in, and at the same time, the radial force component can be minimized to ensure smooth cutting without vibration; the main deflection angle R2 of the cutting edge of the second step edge 402 of the reamer is between 15° and 20°, which can easily ensure that the cutting edge of the second step edge 402 of the reamer is from point to line when starting to cut in, and at the same time, the radial force component can be minimized to ensure smooth cutting without vibration.

[0034] In some embodiments, the flange interface includes an adjusting screw 8, which can radially adjust the runout of the reamer body 5 to ensure machining accuracy.

[0035] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for processing a tappet hole of a cylinder block of a high-power diesel engine is used for processing using the aforementioned processing tool. The processing method includes: firstly, rough processing is performed, the machining center drives the reaming tool body 3 to enter from the tappet hole A2, and the tappet hole A2 is expanded by the first reaming step edge 101, and a certain processing margin is reserved for the tappet hole A2 for subsequent processing; since the diameter of the tappet through hole A1 is larger than the diameter of the tappet hole A2, the first reaming step edge 101 does not process the tappet through hole A1 when passing through the tappet through hole A1. Or the processing amount is extremely small; the machining center drives the reaming tool holder 2 at the same time, and directly processes the push rod through hole A1 to the designed size through the reaming second step edge 102; then fine processing is carried out, the machining center drives the reamer body through the fine processing handle 7 to enter from the push rod through hole A1 again and pass through the push rod through hole A1, and then fine processing is performed on the push rod hole A2 through the reamer head 4; first, the push rod hole A2 is finely processed by the reamer first step edge 401, and a certain processing allowance is reserved again for subsequent processing steps; and finally, the push rod hole A2 is processed to the final size by the reamer second step edge 402. The first step edge 401 of the reamer and the second step edge 402 of the reamer are actually an integrated structure, and the axial distance between them is relatively small. When the tappet hole A2 is finely processed, after the first step edge 401 of the reamer is cut, the processing allowance left for the second step edge 402 of the reamer is extremely small, so that the radial force of the second step edge 402 of the reamer during cutting is very small, and the cutting is very stable. In addition, the first step edge 401 of the reamer can also play a guiding and supporting role at this time, ensuring that the cutting edge of the second step edge 402 of the reamer is stable and vibration-free during cutting, which is more conducive to ensuring the processing quality.

[0036] In some embodiments, the diameter of the push rod through hole A1 is larger than the diameter of the push rod hole A2, the aperture size processed by the second step edge 102 of the hole expansion is larger than the aperture size processed by the first step edge 101 of the hole expansion, and the aperture size processed by the second step edge 402 of the reamer is larger than the aperture size processed by the first step edge 401 of the reamer.

[0037] In some embodiments, the first reaming step edge 101, the second reaming step edge 102, the first reaming step edge 401 and the second reaming step edge 402 are multiple cutting edge structures evenly distributed on the same circumference, and can be replaced at any time when the first reaming step edge 101, the second reaming step edge 102 and the reamer head 4 are worn.

[0038] In some embodiments, generally speaking, the rough machining of the machining method of the present application is to first perform a bore enlarging process on the tappet hole A2 by the first bore enlarging step edge 101, and the first bore enlarging step edge 101 does not process the tappet through hole A1, and then directly process the tappet through hole A1 to the designed size by the second bore enlarging step edge 102, and the second bore enlarging step edge 102 does not process the tappet hole A2. The first bore enlarging step edge 401 and the second bore enlarging step edge 402 of the reamer for fine machining only perform fine machining on the tappet hole A2, and do not process the tappet through hole A1.

[0039] In summary, the tool and method for machining the tappet hole of a cylinder block of a high-power diesel engine of the present invention have the following advantages: the first step edge and the second step edge of the reaming tool head of the present scheme are both made into a multi-edge structure, and the tool head is replaceable, the first step edge of the reaming tool is used as the first tool to reame the tappet hole first, and a certain margin is reserved for subsequent processing by the second tool; and the tappet hole is directly processed to the designed size by the second step edge of the reaming tool; after the processing of the first step edge (the first tool) is completed, at this time, the margin of the tappet hole is small, and the processing amount of the second tool can be reduced; the reamer head (the first step edge of the reamer and the second step edge of the reamer) finely processes the tappet hole to the final size, wherein, The reamer head is replaceable, and the blade of the reamer head is made into a stepped structure. The diameter of the first step blade of the reamer is smaller than the diameter of the second step blade of the reamer. The first step and second step cutting edges are designed to have a main deflection angle of a certain angle. When the reamer head is cutting, the first step cutting edge is first involved in cutting, leaving a smaller margin for cutting the second step cutting edge, and then the second step cutting edge is cut. At this time, the first step cutting edge plays a guiding and supporting role to ensure that the second step cutting edge is stable and does not vibrate when cutting; and the vibration of the reamer body can be radially adjusted through the adjusting screw on the flange interface to ensure processing accuracy. Through the above processing tools and processing methods, the processed holes have good quality, high processing efficiency and long tool life.

[0040] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for the purpose of illustration and demonstration. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise form disclosed, and it is clear that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention and various different selections and changes. The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tool for machining a tappet hole of a high-power diesel engine cylinder block, wherein the tappet hole and the tappet through hole on the upper part are coaxially arranged on one side of the cylinder hole, characterized in that: The processing tool comprises: A rough machining tool, comprising a first reaming step edge and a second reaming step edge, wherein the second reaming step edge is arranged in front of the second reaming step edge; and The finishing tool comprises a first step edge of a reamer and a second step edge of a reamer, wherein the first step edge is arranged in front of the second step edge of the reamer.

2. The machining tool for the tappet hole of a high-power diesel engine cylinder block as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The second step edge of the hole reamer is coaxially arranged with the second step edge of the hole reamer, and the first step edge of the reamer is coaxially arranged with the second step edge of the reamer.

3. The machining tool for the tappet hole of a high-power diesel engine cylinder block as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The hole diameter processed by the second step edge of the hole expansion is larger than the hole diameter processed by the first step edge of the hole expansion, and the hole diameter processed by the second step edge of the reamer is larger than the hole diameter processed by the first step edge of the reamer.

4. The machining tool for the tappet hole of a cylinder block of a high-power diesel engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The first step edge for reaming, the second step edge for reaming, the first step edge for reaming and the second step edge for reaming are all multiple cutting edge structures evenly distributed and arranged on the same circumference.

5. The machining tool for the tappet hole of a cylinder block of a high-power diesel engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a rough machining tool holder, which is used to mount the rough machining tool, and the rough machining tool also includes: A reaming cutter body, one end of which is used to connect with the rough machining handle; A reaming cutter holder, which is arranged at the outer circumference of the other end of the reaming cutter body, and the reaming second step edge is detachably arranged at the reaming cutter holder; and One end of the reamer bit is connected to the other end of the reamer body through a socket, and the reaming first step edge is detachably arranged on the outer circumference of the other end of the reamer bit.

6. The machining tool for the tappet hole of a high-power diesel engine cylinder block as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a finishing tool holder, which is used to install the finishing tool, and the finishing tool also includes: A reamer body, one end of which is connected to the finishing tool handle via a flange interface; and A reamer head has one end connected to the other end of the reamer body, and the first reamer step edge and the second reamer step edge are integrally and detachably arranged on the outer circumference of the other end of the reamer head.

7. The machining tool for the tappet hole of a cylinder block of a high-power diesel engine as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The flange interface includes an adjusting screw, which can radially adjust the runout of the reamer body to ensure processing accuracy.

8. A method for machining a tappet hole of a cylinder block of a high-power diesel engine, using a machining tool as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 for machining, characterized in that: The processing method comprises: Firstly, rough machining is performed, the machining center drives the reaming cutter body to enter the tappet hole, and the tappet hole is expanded by the reaming first step edge, and a certain machining allowance is reserved for the tappet hole for subsequent machining; The machining center simultaneously drives the reaming tool holder to directly machine the tappet through hole to the designed size through the reaming second step edge; Then, fine machining is performed, and the machining center drives the reamer body through the fine machining tool handle to enter the tappet through hole again and pass through the tappet through hole, and then fine machining the tappet hole is performed through the reamer head; First, the tappet hole is finely processed by the first step edge of the reamer, and a certain processing allowance is reserved for subsequent processing steps; and Finally, the tappet hole is processed to a final size by the second step edge of the reamer.

9. The method for machining a tappet hole of a cylinder block of a high-power diesel engine as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The diameter of the push rod through hole is larger than the diameter of the push rod hole, the hole diameter processed by the second step edge of the hole expansion is larger than the hole diameter processed by the first step edge of the hole expansion, and the hole diameter processed by the second step edge of the reamer is larger than the hole diameter processed by the first step edge of the reamer.

10. The method for machining a tappet hole of a cylinder block of a high-power diesel engine as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The first step edge of hole expansion, the second step edge of hole expansion, the first step edge of reamer and the second step edge of reamer are multiple cutting edge structures evenly distributed on the same circumference. When the first step edge of hole expansion, the second step edge of hole expansion and the reamer head are worn, they can be replaced at any time.

Images