Self-heating oil delivery hose capable of monitoring temperature

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crude oil delivery pipes, in particular to a self-heating oil delivery hose capable of monitoring temperature, which comprises a framework layer, an armored compression-resistant layer, an armored tensile layer and a protective outer layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, a self-heating layer is further arranged between the framework layer and the protective outer layer, a temperature measuring part is arranged in the self-heating layer, and the temperature measuring part is connected with the armored compression-resistant layer. And the temperature measuring part comprises a multi-core temperature measuring optical fiber. The defect that in the prior art, the heating temperature of a pipe cannot be monitored in real time is overcome, the temperature of the pipe can be monitored in real time by arranging the multi-core temperature measuring optical fiber in the self-heating layer, and therefore the situation that the heating temperature of the pipe is insufficient or too high is avoided, and the crude oil conveying efficiency and the crude oil quality are guaranteed; and the multi-core temperature measurement optical fiber is used for detecting the temperature, so that the signal transmission speed is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crude oil transportation pipes, and more specifically, to a temperature-monitorable self-heating oil transportation hose. Background Art

[0002] Most of China's offshore oil resources are heavy oil with high density, high viscosity and poor fluidity. Heavy oil generally has a high wax content. Wax crystals will gradually precipitate as the temperature decreases, and aggregate and gel into a spatial network structure, thereby reducing the fluidity of crude oil. As the fluidity of crude oil decreases, the flow resistance increases, which brings greater safety hazards to pipeline transportation, and it requires the use of larger pumping equipment to pump crude oil, thereby increasing equipment costs.

[0003] In a marine hose structure with a heating function disclosed in the prior art, it includes, from the inside to the outside, a skeleton layer, an inner lining layer, a compression armor layer, a tensile armor layer, and an outer sheath layer, and between the tensile armor layer and the outer sheath layer, from the inside to the outside, an auxiliary layer made of polyester fiber or non-woven fabric, an electric self-heating layer, and an insulation layer made of polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyurethane are arranged in sequence.

[0004] In the above technical solution, an electric heating cable is used to heat the crude oil to improve the fluidity of the crude oil. However, this type of pipe cannot monitor the heating temperature of the pipe and cannot promptly detect insufficient or overheating of the pipe, which not only affects the transportation efficiency of the crude oil, but may also cause coking of the crude oil. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problem in the prior art that the heating temperature of the pipe cannot be monitored, the present invention provides a self-heating oil hose capable of monitoring temperature, which can monitor the temperature of the pipe in real time.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0007] A temperature-monitorable self-heating oil hose comprises a skeleton layer, an armored compression layer, an armored tension layer and a protective outer layer which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside; a self-heating layer is arranged between the skeleton layer and the protective outer layer; and a temperature measuring part is arranged in the self-heating layer.

[0008] In the above technical solution, when the crude oil flows in the pipe, the self-heating layer provides a certain amount of heat to the pipe, so that the crude oil transported by the pipe is heated up and maintained within a certain temperature range, and the temperature measuring part can detect the temperature of the pipe. When it is detected that the temperature of the pipe is too low or too high, the staff will adjust the heating temperature of the self-heating layer in time, thereby ensuring the fluidity of the crude oil and avoiding the deterioration of the crude oil caused by overheating.

[0009] The temperature measurement method of the temperature measurement unit may be thermocouple temperature measurement, thermal resistor temperature measurement, thermometer temperature measurement or optical fiber temperature measurement.

[0010] Preferably, the temperature measuring unit includes a temperature measuring optical fiber. The temperature measuring optical fiber is used to sense heat and transmit a heat signal to achieve measurement of the heating temperature. The temperature measuring optical fiber has the advantages of high precision and high resolution in measuring temperature. Compared with the traditional temperature measurement method, the temperature measuring optical fiber can achieve more sensitive monitoring of temperature changes and can provide more accurate measurement results with high reliability and high stability. In addition, the temperature measuring optical fiber does not need to directly contact the object to be measured, thereby avoiding some possible safety hazards.

[0011] Preferably, the temperature measuring optical fiber is a multi-core optical fiber. The multiple optical cores of a multi-core optical fiber can transmit multiple data signals at the same time, so the signal transmission speed is faster. In addition, since the single-core optical fiber requires higher maintenance costs, if the single-core optical fiber is damaged, the entire optical fiber needs to be replaced, which not only increases the maintenance cost, but also requires more time and effort. Since the multi-core optical fiber contains multiple optical cores, it can tolerate damage to some of them, which can greatly reduce the maintenance cost.

[0012] The self-heating layer may be heated by an electric heating tape or an electric heating belt.

[0013] Since the energy consumption of electric heating belts is relatively high, preferably, the self-heating layer is formed by a plurality of electric heating belts arranged in parallel on the same horizontal plane, forming an angle with the axis of the pipe and spirally wound along the axis of the pipe, and the temperature measuring part is arranged inside the electric heating belt. The electric heating belt provides a certain amount of heat to the crude oil in the pipe. The electric heating belt has a low cost in installation, operation and maintenance, a high heating efficiency, and can also realize remote control of its heating temperature; and the layer structure formed by the spiral winding of the electric heating belt can improve the heating efficiency of the pipe, and at the same time improve the pipe's ability to resist sudden loads to a certain extent.

[0014] Preferably, the winding overlap rate of the electric heating tape is between 5% and 25%. It can be understood that each winding of the electric heating tape forms a winding circle, and the winding overlap rate refers to the area overlap rate of two adjacent winding circles formed by the electric heating tape. Under this winding overlap rate, the electric heating tape can be evenly distributed, the crude oil can be evenly heated, and the self-heating layer will not be too thick.

[0015] Preferably, a heat-insulating layer is provided between the self-heating layer and the protective outer layer. Providing a heat-insulating layer can reduce the loss of heat energy of the pipe, which can not only ensure the stability of crude oil flow, but also save energy costs.

[0016] Preferably, the insulation layer is made of a mixture of expanded polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and polyurethane materials. Expanded polyethylene is light and has good thermal insulation performance; polypropylene has good heat resistance and mechanical strength; polyvinyl chloride has good tensile, compressive, bending and impact resistance; and polyurethane has good mechanical strength and thermal insulation performance. The insulation layer made of a mixture of these four materials combines the advantages of the four materials, so that the insulation layer has good mechanical strength in addition to excellent thermal insulation performance.

[0017] Preferably, it further comprises a smooth inner layer, and the skeleton layer is arranged outside the smooth inner layer. If the innermost layer of the pipe is the skeleton layer, the surface of the skeleton layer is relatively rough, and the crude oil is subjected to the friction and shear force of the skeleton layer during the flow process, and forms crystals on the surface of the skeleton layer, or adheres to mud and sand. The provision of a smooth inner layer can greatly reduce the roughness of the contact surface between the pipe and the crude oil, thereby reducing the friction resistance encountered by the crude oil during the transportation process, and reducing the phenomenon of crystallization and mud and sand adhesion and accumulation.

[0018] Preferably, the smooth inner layer is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene or nylon. Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene tubes have super wear resistance and self-lubrication, high strength, stable chemical properties, and strong anti-aging performance; while nylon tubes have strong mechanical properties and outstanding fatigue resistance, and can maintain a certain mechanical strength after the tube is subjected to multiple dynamic loads. Both are preferred materials for the smooth inner layer.

[0019] Since the pipe will be twisted or bent after being used for a period of time, in order to facilitate the staff to observe the degree of distortion of the pipe from a distance, it is preferred that a color identification tape is provided on the outside of the protective outer layer, and the color identification tape extends along the axis direction of the protective outer layer. When the pipe is twisted or bent, the color identification tape on the protective outer layer will also bend and deform. The staff can judge the degree of distortion of the pipe according to the degree of bending and deformation of the color identification tape to confirm whether the pipe has been scrapped.

[0020] Preferably, a sealing layer is provided between the skeleton layer and the armored pressure-resistant layer. Since the pipe is subjected to dynamic loads during use and fluctuates in the water, friction and wear between the skeleton layer and the armored pressure-resistant layer may occur, which may cause damage to the skeleton layer and crude oil leakage. Therefore, a sealing layer is provided between the skeleton layer and the armored pressure-resistant layer to reduce the risk of wear and leakage of the skeleton layer, thereby preventing crude oil from penetrating from the skeleton layer into the pipe.

[0021] Preferably, a wear-resistant layer is provided between the armored compression layer and the armored tensile layer. Friction and wear may also occur between the armored compression layer and the armored tensile layer, so a wear-resistant layer is provided between the armored compression layer and the armored tensile layer to reduce friction between the armored compression layer and the armored tensile layer, thereby extending the service life of the armored tensile layer and the armored compression layer.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a temperature measuring optical fiber is added to the self-heating layer to realize real-time monitoring of the temperature of the sea pipe, thereby avoiding insufficient or overheating of the pipe and ensuring the transportation efficiency and quality of the crude oil; the self-heating layer is formed by spirally winding a plurality of electric heating cables, and the operation and maintenance costs are low; a smooth inner layer is provided as the innermost layer of the pipe, which can greatly reduce the roughness of the inner wall of the marine hose, reduce the friction and shear force to which the crude oil is subjected during transportation, and reduce the crystallization of crude oil and the adhesion and accumulation of mud and sand on the inner wall of the pipe; an insulating layer is provided outside the self-heating layer to increase the fluidity of the crude oil in the pipe, avoid waxing and reduce the oil transportation operation cost; a colored identification tape is provided on the protective outer layer, and the degree of distortion of the pipe can be judged according to the deformation of the colored identification tape, and then it can be judged whether the pipe has been scrapped. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a self-heating oil hose capable of monitoring temperature;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric heating cable;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic longitudinal section diagram of a self-heating oil hose capable of monitoring temperature;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a color identification tape.

[0027] In the attached figure: 1-skeleton layer; 2-armored compression layer; 3-armored tensile layer; 4-protective outer layer; 5-self-heating layer; 501-temperature measuring part; 502-electric heating belt; 6-insulation layer; 7-smooth inner layer; 8-identification tape; 9-sealing layer; 10-wear-resistant layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The drawings are only for illustrative purposes and cannot be construed as limiting the present invention. To better illustrate the present embodiment, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings. The positional relationships described in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and cannot be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0029] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "long", "short" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limitations on this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0031] Example 1

[0032] Combination Figures 1 to 4 The self-heating oil hose shown in the figure can monitor the temperature, comprising a skeleton layer 1, an armored pressure-resistant layer 2, an armored tensile layer 3 and a protective outer layer 4 arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, and a self-heating layer 5 is also arranged between the skeleton layer 1 and the protective outer layer 4, and a temperature measuring part 501 is provided in the self-heating layer 5.

[0033] Specifically, the armored pressure-resistant layer 2 is formed by spirally winding two layers of galvanized carbon steel strips that form an angle with the axis of the pipe along the axis of the pipe, wherein the cross-section of the galvanized carbon steel strip is rectangular and its radial thickness is not less than 0.5 mm, and the winding angle of the galvanized carbon steel strip is between 87° and 89°, which can improve the compressive resistance of the pipe to external loads.

[0034] Specifically, the armored tensile layer 3 includes a layer structure formed by a plurality of carbon steel strips arranged in parallel on the same horizontal plane, forming an angle with the axis of the pipe and spirally winding along the axis direction of the pipe. It can be understood that the parallel arrangement on the same horizontal plane means that two adjacent carbon steel strips are in contact with each other on the same horizontal plane in the initial state and extend in the same direction. Further, such a layer structure is provided with two layers, and the spiral directions of the carbon steel strips of the two-layer structure are opposite. It can be understood that the carbon steel strips of the two-layer structure cross each other. The radial thickness of the carbon steel strip is not less than 3 mm, and the angle between the carbon steel strip and the axial direction of the pipe is between 15° and 45°, which can make the pipe have a higher tensile strength.

[0035] Specifically, the temperature measuring unit 501 includes a plurality of temperature measuring optical fibers. The temperature measuring optical fibers are used to transmit induced heat and transmit heat signals to achieve measurement of the heating temperature. The method of measuring temperature using temperature measuring optical fibers has the advantages of high precision and high resolution. Compared with traditional temperature measurement methods, temperature measuring optical fibers can achieve more sensitive monitoring of temperature changes and can provide more accurate measurement results with high reliability and high stability. In addition, the temperature measuring optical fibers do not need to directly contact the object being measured, thereby avoiding some possible safety hazards.

[0036] Specifically, the self-heating layer 5 is formed by a plurality of electric heating cables 502 arranged in parallel on the same horizontal plane, forming an angle with the pipe axis and spirally wound along the pipe axis outside the armored tensile layer 3, and the temperature measuring part 501 is arranged inside the electric heating cables 502. The electric heating cables 502 have low installation, operation and maintenance costs, high heating efficiency, and can also realize remote control of their heating temperature; and the layer structure formed by the spiral winding of the electric heating cables 502 can improve the heating efficiency of the pipe, and at the same time improve the pipe's ability to resist sudden loads to a certain extent.

[0037] Specifically, the winding overlap rate of the electric heating cable 502 is between 5% and 25%. It can be understood that each winding of the electric heating cable 502 forms a winding circle, and the winding overlap rate refers to the area overlap rate of two adjacent winding circles formed by the electric heating cable 502. Under this winding overlap rate, the electric heating cable 502 can be evenly distributed, the crude oil can be evenly heated, and the self-heating layer 5 will not be too thick.

[0038] The working principle or workflow of this embodiment is as follows: when crude oil flows in the pipe, the heating medium of the electric heating belt 502 emits a certain amount of heat to the pipe, and the heat is transferred between each layer of the pipe and finally transferred to the crude oil in the pipe, so that the crude oil is heated and maintained within a certain temperature range. At the same time, the temperature measuring optical fiber can transmit the heat signal. When it is detected that the temperature of the pipe is too low or too high, the staff will adjust the heating temperature of the self-heating layer 5 in time, thereby ensuring the transportation efficiency of the crude oil and avoiding the deterioration of the crude oil caused by overheating.

[0039] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: a temperature measuring optical fiber is added to the self-heating layer, and the temperature of the pipe is monitored in real time through the temperature measuring optical fiber. The measurement accuracy is high and the measurement result is reliable, which can avoid waxing of crude oil due to insufficient heating temperature of the pipe or deterioration of crude oil due to excessive heating temperature. The self-heating layer is formed by spirally winding multiple electric heating cables, and the operation and maintenance costs are low.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] This embodiment is based on the embodiment 1, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, a heat-insulating layer 6 is further provided between the self-heating layer 5 and the protective outer layer 4. Providing the heat-insulating layer 6 can reduce the loss of heat energy.

[0042] Specifically, the thermal insulation layer 6 is made of a mixture of foamed polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and polyurethane materials. The foamed polyethylene is light and has good thermal insulation performance; the polypropylene material has good heat resistance and mechanical strength; the polyvinyl chloride material has good tensile, compressive, bending and impact resistance; and the polyurethane material has good mechanical strength and thermal insulation performance. The thermal insulation layer 6 made of a mixture of these four materials combines the advantages of the four materials, so that the thermal insulation layer 6 has good mechanical strength in addition to excellent thermal insulation performance.

[0043] Furthermore, it also includes a smooth inner layer 7, and the skeleton layer 1 is arranged outside the smooth inner layer 7 and its radial thickness is between 0.5mm and 3mm. If the innermost layer of the pipe is the skeleton layer 1, the surface of the skeleton layer 1 is relatively rough, and the crude oil is subjected to the friction and shear force of the skeleton layer 1 during the flow process, and forms crystals on the surface of the skeleton layer 1, or adheres to mud and sand. The provision of the smooth inner layer 7 can greatly reduce the roughness of the contact surface between the pipe and the crude oil, thereby reducing the friction resistance encountered by the crude oil during the transportation process, and reducing the phenomenon of crystallization and mud and sand adhesion and accumulation.

[0044] Specifically, the smooth inner layer 7 is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, which is continuously extruded through a solid wall tube. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene tube has super wear resistance and self-lubrication, high strength, stable chemical properties, and strong anti-aging performance; the smooth inner layer 7 can also be made of nylon material. Nylon tube has strong mechanical properties and outstanding fatigue resistance. It can also maintain a certain mechanical strength after the tube is subjected to multiple dynamic loads. Both materials are preferred materials for the smooth inner layer 7.

[0045] Since the pipe will be twisted or bent after being used for a period of time, in order to facilitate the staff to observe the degree of distortion of the pipe from a distance, a color identification tape 8 is provided on the outside of the protective outer layer 4. The color identification tape 8 extends along the axial direction of the protective outer layer 4, and the width of the identification tape 8 is between 3mm and 10mm. It can be understood that the color of the color identification tape 8 is obviously different from the color of the protective outer layer 4. When the pipe is twisted or bent, the color identification tape 8 on the protective outer layer 4 will also bend and deform. The staff can judge the degree of distortion of the pipe according to the degree of bending and deformation of the color identification tape 8 to confirm whether the pipe has been scrapped.

[0046] The other features, working principles and beneficial effects of this embodiment are consistent with those of Embodiment 2.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] This embodiment is based on the embodiment 2. Figure 1 or Figure 2 As shown, a sealing layer 9 is provided between the skeleton layer 1 and the armored pressure-resistant layer 2. Since the pipe is subjected to dynamic loads during use and fluctuates in the water, friction and wear between the skeleton layer 1 and the armored pressure-resistant layer 2 may occur, which may cause damage to the skeleton layer 1 and crude oil leakage. Therefore, a sealing layer 9 is provided between the skeleton layer 1 and the armored pressure-resistant layer 2 to reduce the risk of wear and leakage of the skeleton layer 1, thereby preventing crude oil from penetrating from the skeleton layer 1 into the interior of the pipe.

[0049] Furthermore, a wear-resistant layer 10 is provided between the armored compression layer 2 and the armored tensile layer 3. Friction and wear will also occur between the armored compression layer 2 and the armored tensile layer 3, so a wear-resistant layer 10 is provided between the armored compression layer 2 and the armored tensile layer 3 to reduce the friction between the armored compression layer 2 and the armored tensile layer 3, thereby extending the service life of the armored tensile layer 3 and the armored compression layer 2.

[0050] The other features, working principles and beneficial effects of this embodiment are consistent with those of Embodiment 1.

[0051] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature-monitorable self-heating oil hose, comprising a skeleton layer (1), an armored compression layer (2), an armored tension layer (3) and a protective outer layer (4) arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, wherein a self-heating layer (5) is arranged between the skeleton layer (1) and the protective outer layer (4), characterized in that: The self-heating layer (5) is provided with a temperature measuring portion (501).

2. A temperature-monitorable self-heating oil hose according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature measuring unit (501) includes a temperature measuring optical fiber.

3. The temperature-monitorable self-heating oil hose according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature measuring optical fiber is a multi-core optical fiber.

4. The temperature-monitorable self-heating oil hose according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-heating layer (5) is formed by a plurality of electric heating tapes (502) arranged in parallel on the same horizontal plane, forming an angle with the axis of the pipe and spirally wound along the axis of the pipe, and the temperature measuring portion (501) is arranged inside the electric heating tapes (502).

5. The temperature-monitorable self-heating oil hose according to claim 4, characterized in that: The winding overlap rate of the electric heating tape (502) is between 5% and 25%.

6. The temperature-monitorable self-heating oil hose according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat-insulating layer (6) is also provided between the self-heating layer (5) and the protective outer layer (4).

7. The temperature-monitorable self-heating oil hose according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a smooth inner layer (7), and the skeleton layer (1) is arranged outside the smooth inner layer (7).

8. A temperature-monitorable self-heating oil hose according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: A color identification band (8) is provided outside the protective outer layer (4), and the color identification band (8) extends along the axial direction of the protective outer layer (4).

9. The temperature-monitorable self-heating oil hose according to claim 8, characterized in that: A sealing layer (9) is provided between the skeleton layer (1) and the armored pressure-resistant layer (2).

10. The temperature-monitorable self-heating oil hose according to claim 9, characterized in that: A wear-resistant layer (10) is provided between the armored compression-resistant layer (2) and the armored tension-resistant layer (3).

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