Self-harvesting energy detection device of rotary machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of detection, in particular to a self-harvesting energy detection device for rotary machinery, which comprises a sensing unit, a processing unit, a wireless communication unit, an energy acquisition unit and an energy management unit, and is characterized in that the sensing unit, the processing unit, the wireless communication unit and the energy acquisition unit are electrically connected with the energy management unit; the sensing unit is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the end cover, the energy acquisition unit is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the end cover, and the processing unit, the wireless communication unit and the energy management unit are all arranged on the end cover; according to the invention, through the self-energy-harvesting technology, wireless online monitoring of the rotating machinery is realized, and the dependence of a traditional monitoring method on an external power supply is overcome; the kinetic energy of the rotating machine is used for energy collection, extra infrastructure construction is not needed, the running state of the rotating machine can be monitored in real time through the data transmission function of the wireless communication unit, potential faults can be found in advance, and equipment damage or accidents are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of detection technology, and in particular to a self-energy capture detection device for a rotating machine. Background Art

[0002] As the load and running time of trains increase, the running status of bearings, as important components of trains, is crucial to the safety of trains. Traditional bearing monitoring methods usually use trackside infrared temperature measurement systems, but such methods have problems such as low monitoring accuracy, difficulty in infrastructure construction, and high maintenance costs, which are difficult to meet the needs of modern industry.

[0003] In recent years, the progress of microelectronics, computers and wireless communication technology has led to the rapid development of wireless sensor networks (WSN). WSN consists of a large number of low-power, small-sized wireless sensor nodes and is widely used in industrial monitoring, environmental monitoring and other fields. However, the application of WSN in complex environments still faces many challenges, especially in terms of energy supply. Traditional battery power supply is not suitable for large-scale wireless sensor networks due to its limited life and high maintenance cost; while wired power supply lacks flexibility and is costly.

[0004] To address these problems, self-energy harvesting technology is an emerging solution that can power wireless sensor nodes by collecting energy from the environment (such as wind energy), avoiding the limitations of traditional power supply methods. This technology is particularly suitable for online monitoring scenarios of rotating machinery such as trains and fans. However, due to the motion characteristics of rotating machinery, the stability of energy harvesting, the effectiveness of energy management, and the reliable transmission of data are still key issues that need to be solved.

[0005] The present invention aims to provide an efficient and reliable online monitoring system for rotating machinery by optimizing the energy collection and management system and combining wireless sensor network technology. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to effectively perform online monitoring in industrial rotating machinery, especially in the absence of external power support, to provide stable and reliable sensor power supply and data transmission. The purpose is to provide a self-energy capture detection device for rotating machinery, which realizes powering the sensor by collecting environmental energy and real-time monitoring of the operating status of key components of rotating machinery, such as temperature, vibration, etc., to ensure safe operation and timely maintenance of the equipment.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A self-capture energy detection device for a rotating machine, the rotating machine comprising: a rotating shaft, a bearing and an end cover, the rotating shaft being rotatably connected to a non-rotating component through the bearing, and the end cover being connected to an end of the rotating shaft;

[0009] The detection device comprises: a sensing unit, a processing unit, a wireless communication unit, an energy collection unit and an energy management unit, wherein the sensing unit, the processing unit, the wireless communication unit and the energy collection unit are all electrically connected to the energy management unit;

[0010] The sensing unit is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the end cover, the energy collection unit is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the end cover, and the processing unit, the wireless communication unit and the energy management unit are all arranged on the end cover.

[0011] Optionally, the sensing unit is an infrared temperature sensor, which is fixed on the inner side of the end cover and arranged corresponding to the connection between the inner ring of the bearing and the outer ring of the bearing, and measures the temperature of the contact surface between the inner end of the bearing and the outer ring of the bearing.

[0012] Specifically, the energy collection unit includes: a wind generator and an impeller, the wind generator is fixedly connected to the outer side surface of the end cover, and the torque input shaft of the wind generator is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the impeller, and the torque input shaft of the wind generator coincides with the central axis of the rotating shaft; the power output end of the wind generator is electrically connected to the energy management unit.

[0013] Furthermore, the energy collection unit further includes: a wind shield, which is fixedly connected to the non-rotating component, and the wind shield blocks the airflow toward the impeller and makes the rotation direction of the impeller opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating shaft.

[0014] Optionally, the lower side of the wheel body connected to the rotating shaft is in contact with the ground, and the wind shield shields the lower half of the impeller;

[0015] If the rotating shaft rotates clockwise, the airflow exerts a force on the upper part of the impeller and causes the impeller to rotate counterclockwise;

[0016] If the rotating shaft rotates counterclockwise, the airflow exerts a force on the upper part of the impeller and causes the impeller to rotate clockwise.

[0017] Optionally, the wind shield is a U-shaped structure, and the lower half of the impeller is located in the U-shaped structure.

[0018] Optionally, a projection of the blades of the impeller on the central axis of the impeller is S-shaped.

[0019] Specifically, the energy management unit includes: an energy storage module, a transformer, and a power supply IC. The power supply IC is electrically connected to the energy storage module and the transformer. The energy storage module is electrically connected to the sensor unit, the processing unit, the wireless communication unit, and the energy collection unit through the transformer.

[0020] Optionally, the energy storage module is a battery or a capacitor.

[0021] Optionally, the wireless communication unit includes a radio frequency transmission circuit, the radio frequency transmission circuit wirelessly communicates with a gateway, and the gateway communicates with the cloud platform via a wireless communication module.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0023] The present invention is mainly composed of a sensing unit, a processing unit, a wireless communication unit, an energy collection unit and an energy management unit. The sensing unit is fixedly installed on the inner side of the end cover of the rotating machinery to detect the temperature or other physical parameters of the bearing; the energy collection unit is installed on the outer side of the end cover to convert the kinetic energy of the rotating machinery into electrical energy through the wind turbine and the impeller to supply the sensor and other electronic units; the energy management unit is responsible for storing and distributing the collected energy to ensure the stable operation of the system; the wireless communication unit transmits the processed data to the gateway through the radio frequency signal to realize remote communication with the cloud platform. The design of the device enables all key components to be integrated on the end cover to ensure the compactness and reliability of the system.

[0024] The present invention realizes wireless online monitoring of rotating machinery through self-energy capture technology, overcoming the traditional monitoring method's dependence on external power supply; it utilizes the rotating machinery's own kinetic energy for energy collection, does not require additional infrastructure construction, and through the data transmission function of the wireless communication unit, can monitor the operating status of the rotating machinery in real time, which helps to discover potential faults in advance and avoid equipment damage or accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, are used to explain the principles of the present invention. These drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the accompanying drawings are included in and constitute a part of this specification and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a self-capture energy detection device for a rotating machinery according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 The figure is a working principle diagram of a self-energy capture detection device for a rotating machine according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the impeller according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of a self-energy capture detection device for a rotating machinery according to the present invention.

[0030] Reference numerals: 1 - rotating shaft, 2 - bearing outer ring, 3 - bearing inner ring, 4 - end cover, 5 - sensor unit, 6 - impeller, 7 - blades. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation methods. It is understood that the specific implementation methods described herein are only used to explain the relevant content, rather than to limit the present invention.

[0032] It should also be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.

[0033] In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0034] An embodiment for application on a train is provided, that is, the non-rotating device itself moves under the drive of the rotating shaft.

[0035] Although wireless sensor technology has developed rapidly, the application of wireless sensor networks in freight train transportation monitoring has not been smooth, and research has remained in the laboratory stage. The main reasons affecting the development of this technology are:

[0036] Power supply issues for wireless sensors in complex environments. For low-power power supply methods, the easiest to consider is battery power supply. In fact, the battery life is limited, and it is laborious to check and replace batteries over a large area. Another common power supply method is wired power supply, which will make the wireless sensor network lose flexibility and greatly increase the cost. In addition, in some environments (such as the layout of wireless sensor networks with moving parts), it is unrealistic to lay wires. WSNs are composed of many sensor nodes, so the power supply problem of wireless sensor nodes also arises. The limited energy of sensor nodes becomes crucial, and even when it is considered that providing power to wireless sensor nodes through wired cables or replacing batteries will incur excessive costs, the situation is even worse. In addition, when the sensor node must be very small, only a few square centimeters, it is very convenient to place and use such a small device limited by the energy stored in the battery, and the life of the node powered by a micro battery will also be severely limited, which means that there are huge challenges in maintaining the entire life of the node.

[0037] The problem of high energy consumption of sensor nodes during operation: The power consumed by each individual part of the wireless sensor node (microprocessor, signal transmission part, internal memory, circuit board in the sensor node) is shown in the following table. From the table, it can be seen that all parts of the sensor consume a few milliwatts of power during the active mode operation, and a few microwatts of power when in sleep or idle mode. If the sensor node operation is set to full duty cycle, the current of the sensor node is about 30 mA.

[0038] At present, the bearing temperature monitoring of freight trains on track adopts infrared measurement in sections, which is costly (3 million for a single node), inaccurate, difficult to build infrastructure, and has high maintenance costs. A low-cost, high-reliability, miniature, long-life power supply and sensor monitoring method is needed. This embodiment uses an annular blade micro motor, which can use the characteristics of the train bearing rotation to achieve energy conversion and solve the key technology of bearing self-powered monitoring. It realizes intermittent collection of bearing sensor data during train operation and monitors abnormal changes in bearing temperature. There are currently about 850,000 freight trains on track with 3.4 million sets of bearings, and the potential demand is relatively large.

[0039] Based on the environmental self-energy capture and power generation technology, we have mastered the design and manufacturing capabilities of small-sized ring motor devices, optimized the power generation capacity through breakthroughs in energy collection and energy management technologies, and developed self-powered sensor products that can be used in the field of railway transportation.

[0040] In addition to the need for online monitoring of bearing status, the results of this project can be quickly converted to important online monitoring needs such as pipeline vibration, ocean pressure, and in-pile dose by analyzing energy characteristics, monitoring physical quantities, and communication requirements under changing scenarios.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, a self-capture energy detection device for a rotating machine is provided, which is used to monitor the operating status of key components of the rotating machine in real time, especially physical parameters such as bearing temperature, and realize self-power supply through energy collection. The rotating machine includes: a rotating shaft 1, a bearing and an end cover 4, the rotating shaft 1 is rotatably connected to a non-rotating component through a bearing, and the end cover 4 is connected to the end of the rotating shaft 1;

[0043] The detection device includes: a sensor unit 5, a processing unit, a wireless communication unit, an energy collection unit and an energy management unit, and the sensor unit 5, the processing unit, the wireless communication unit and the energy collection unit are all electrically connected to the energy management unit;

[0044] The sensing unit 5 is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the end cover 4 , the energy collection unit is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the end cover 4 , and the processing unit, the wireless communication unit and the energy management unit are all arranged on the end cover 4 .

[0045] The sensor unit 5 is fixed on the inner side of the end cover 4, and is mainly used to monitor parameters such as temperature or vibration between the rotating shaft 1 and the bearing. Since the end cover 4 remains substantially stationary relative to the rotating shaft 1, the sensor unit 5 can stably collect temperature data of the bearing.

[0046] The energy collection unit is fixed on the outside of the end cover 4, and converts kinetic energy into electrical energy through mechanical movement (such as the rotation of the rotating shaft 1). It usually includes a wind turbine and an impeller 6. As the rotating machinery runs, the impeller 6 drives the generator to generate electrical energy under the action of aerodynamic force.

[0047] The energy management unit is responsible for storing and distributing the electrical energy generated by the energy collection unit, ensuring that the sensor unit 5, the processing unit and the wireless communication unit can operate continuously and stably.

[0048] The processing unit is disposed on the end cover 4, receives the data collected by the sensor unit 5 and performs preliminary processing, such as data filtering or simple calculation, to ensure the accuracy and real-time performance of the data.

[0049] The wireless communication unit transmits the processed data to an external receiving device, such as a gateway or cloud platform, for remote monitoring and analysis. This unit is generally wirelessly connected to the gateway through a radio frequency communication module to support remote transmission of data.

[0050] Self-energy capture refers to the technology of collecting energy (such as kinetic energy, thermal energy, etc.) from the environment through the device's own operation process (such as mechanical movement, temperature difference, etc.) and converting it into electrical energy to power the equipment.

[0051] Embodiment 2

[0052] The points where the bearing temperature can be measured are: the surface of the radial bearing outer ring 2, and the bearing inner ring 3 at the edge of the axial outer side near the end cover 4. The surface environment of the bearing outer ring 2 is harsh, and a non-contact measurement method is generally adopted, such as infrared measurement. The close-range infrared measurement has high accuracy and accurate position, that is, the sensing unit 5 is an infrared temperature sensor, which is fixed on the inner side of the end cover 4 and is correspondingly arranged at the connection between the bearing inner ring 3 and the bearing outer ring 2 of the bearing. The infrared temperature sensor measures the temperature of the contact surface between the inner end of the bearing and the bearing outer ring 2.

[0053] Infrared temperature sensors are used to monitor the temperature of bearings. They are non-contact temperature measurement devices that detect infrared radiation emitted from the surface of an object and use the blackbody radiation law (Planck's law) to calculate the temperature of the object. They do not require direct contact with the object being measured and are suitable for temperature measurement in rotating, moving or dangerous environments.

[0054] The infrared temperature sensor is precisely installed on the inner side of the end cover 4, and its position corresponds to the connection between the inner ring 3 and the outer ring 2 of the bearing. The selection of this position is based on the working characteristics and temperature distribution of the bearing. The contact surface between the inner ring 3 and the outer ring is where the bearing has the most severe friction and wear, and the temperature change is the most significant. Therefore, monitoring the temperature of this part can directly reflect the operating status of the bearing.

[0055] When the rotating machinery is running, the inner ring 3 of the bearing continuously moves in a circular motion relative to the outer ring 2 of the bearing, and the temperature at the contact surface will increase due to friction. The infrared temperature sensor measures the temperature of the contact surface in real time by detecting the infrared radiation intensity in this key area. The advantage of measuring temperature with an infrared temperature sensor is that it does not require direct contact with the object being measured, avoiding the problem of sensor wear or complex installation in traditional contact temperature measurement methods.

[0056] The infrared temperature sensor uses the infrared radiation generated during the operation of the bearing to measure the temperature of the contact surface between the inner ring 3 and the outer ring of the bearing in real time. When the bearing is operating normally, the sensor will continuously monitor the temperature data of the contact surface. Once the temperature exceeds the preset safety threshold, the system can send an alarm signal to the remote monitoring center through the wireless communication unit, thereby prompting the equipment operator that the bearing may have overheating or wear problems and needs to be inspected and maintained in time.

[0057] Embodiment 3

[0058] If it is necessary to detect the vibration of the bearing, the sensing unit 5 uses a vibration sensor, which has a different installation position and function from the infrared temperature sensor, but is also dedicated to monitoring the key operating conditions of rotating machinery. The vibration sensor is used to detect the vibration of the bearing and help identify potential mechanical faults such as imbalance, looseness or wear.

[0059] The installation position of the vibration sensor needs to be selected to maximize the capture of vibration signals caused by internal bearing faults or abnormalities. Since the relative movement between the inner ring 3 and the outer ring of the bearing and the change in mechanical load may cause abnormal vibration, monitoring the vibration frequency and amplitude of these parts is crucial to assessing the health of the bearing.

[0060] Vibration sensors obtain dynamic information about the operation of bearings by measuring the vibration signals generated by the bearings during operation. The sensors convert mechanical vibrations into electrical signals, and the processing unit analyzes the characteristics of these signals, such as frequency and amplitude, to evaluate the working condition of the bearings. If abnormal vibrations are detected, such as a sudden increase in amplitude or abnormal frequency components, the system will send a warning message to the remote monitoring platform through the wireless communication unit. This real-time monitoring and early warning mechanism can help equipment maintenance personnel detect and deal with potential faults in a timely manner to avoid major damage.

[0061] Embodiment 4

[0062] The energy collection unit includes: a wind turbine and an impeller 6. The wind turbine is fixedly connected to the outer side of the end cover 4, and the torque input shaft of the wind turbine is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the impeller 6. The torque input shaft of the wind turbine coincides with the central axis of the rotating shaft 1; the power output end of the wind turbine is electrically connected to the energy management unit.

[0063] The core of the design of the energy harvesting unit is to achieve the goal of self-powering through the aerodynamic force generated during the operation of the rotating machinery. The energy harvesting unit mainly includes a wind turbine and an impeller 6, which are used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy to provide power support for various electronic units of the detection device.

[0064] The wind turbine generator is fixedly mounted on the outside of the end cover 4 of the rotating machine, and converts the rotational kinetic energy of the impeller 6 into electrical energy. The torque input shaft of the wind turbine generator is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the impeller 6, and its input shaft coincides with the central axis of the rotating shaft 1 of the rotating machine, ensuring that the wind turbine generator can efficiently capture and utilize the aerodynamic force generated during the movement of the rotating machine, and avoid shaking caused by the misalignment with the rotating shaft 1. The power of the airflow on the impeller 6 and the power of the rotating shaft 1 cause the coil and magnet in the generator to rotate relative to each other, driving it to generate electricity.

[0065] The electric energy generated by the wind turbine is transmitted to the energy management unit through its electric energy output terminal, and the energy management unit stores and distributes the electric energy for use by the sensor unit 5, the processing unit and the wireless communication unit.

[0066] When the rotating shaft 1 rotates, the impeller 6 rotates relative to the rotating shaft 1 under the action of inertia, the coil and the impeller 6 are relatively fixed, and the magnet and the rotating shaft 1 are relatively fixed, so that the coil and the magnet rotate relative to each other and generate current.

[0067] Considering the problem of intermittent energy collection, the wind energy collection system is arranged at the bearing end cover 4. Compared with the geographical location of the train and the outdoor large wind turbine, the wind energy collected depends on the movement and parking of the train, which is intermittent and fluctuating; the train shaft speed and wind force are low. Wind energy mainly depends on the windward speed, which is relatively low, generally within the range of 10m / s. At the same time, due to the small effective cross-sectional area of ​​the impeller 6, the bearing rotation component is allowed to be introduced; sensors need to be arranged on the end cover 4 and the bearing, so the wind energy collection system needs to be as small as possible and as light as possible.

[0068] Embodiment 5

[0069] In order to further optimize the design of the energy collection unit, a wind shield is added to control the direction of the airflow and the rotation direction of the impeller 6, thereby improving the wind power generation efficiency and the stability of the system.

[0070] The energy collection unit further includes: a windshield, which is fixedly connected to the non-rotating component and blocks the airflow toward the impeller 6 and makes the rotation direction of the impeller 6 opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating shaft 1.

[0071] The bottom of the wheel body connected to the rotating shaft 1 is in contact with the ground, and the wind shield covers the lower half of the impeller 6; if the rotating shaft 1 rotates clockwise, the airflow exerts a force on the upper half of the impeller 6 and causes the impeller 6 to rotate counterclockwise; if the rotating shaft 1 rotates counterclockwise, the airflow exerts a force on the upper half of the impeller 6 and causes the impeller 6 to rotate clockwise.

[0072] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 The structure shown in the figure sets the whole train to move toward the right side, and the airflow direction is to the left. In order to make the airflow blow the impeller 6 to rotate counterclockwise, the airflow needs to apply a force to the upper half of the impeller 6.

[0073] The wind shield is a structure fixed on a non-rotating component, and its main function is to control the flow path of the airflow, to prevent the airflow from directly acting on the lower half of the impeller 6, and to ensure that the impeller 6 always rotates under controlled conditions.

[0074] The windshield shield blocks the airflow toward the impeller 6 so that the airflow acts only on the upper half of the impeller 6, thereby making the rotation direction of the impeller 6 opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating shaft 1. This design effectively utilizes the motion characteristics of the rotating machinery and ensures the stable operation of the impeller 6 and the power generation efficiency.

[0075] When the rotary machine is running, the rotating shaft 1 drives the impeller 6 to rotate. If the rotating shaft 1 rotates clockwise, the wind shield will guide the airflow to act on the upper part of the impeller 6, causing the impeller 6 to rotate counterclockwise; on the contrary, when the rotating shaft 1 rotates counterclockwise, the force of the airflow on the upper part of the impeller 6 will cause the impeller 6 to rotate clockwise.

[0076] In order to block the wind no matter whether the train moves left or right, the wind shield is designed to be a U-shaped structure, and the lower half of the impeller 6 is located in the U-shaped structure.

[0077] In addition, if Figure 3 As shown, in order to optimize the design of blades 7, the projection of blades 7 of impeller 6 on the central axis of impeller 6 is S-shaped. That is, no matter whether impeller 6 rotates counterclockwise or clockwise, there is a concave surface to concentrate the airflow.

[0078] Embodiment 6

[0079] Due to the intermittent and unstable nature of wind energy, if the wind power generation system is directly connected to the nodes of the wireless sensor network for power supply, unstable phenomena such as intermittent power supply or voltage fluctuations may occur. This phenomenon will not only damage the electronic devices of each node of the wireless sensor network, but also cause the system to malfunction. Therefore, it is necessary to set up a stable and uninterrupted energy storage module to ensure the safe and continuous operation of the wireless sensor network.

[0080] The energy management unit includes: an energy storage module, a transformer, and a power IC. The power IC is electrically connected to the energy storage module and the transformer. The energy storage module is electrically connected to the sensor unit 5, the processing unit, the wireless communication unit, and the energy collection unit through the transformer. The energy storage module is a battery or a capacitor.

[0081] The energy management unit is designed to efficiently manage and distribute the electrical energy generated by the energy harvesting unit to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the various functional modules of the detection device. The energy management unit includes an energy storage module, a transformer, and a power IC, which work together to optimize the storage and use of electrical energy.

[0082] The energy storage module is used to store the electrical energy generated by the energy harvesting unit. The module can use batteries or capacitors as energy storage elements. Batteries are suitable for long-term energy storage, while capacitors can quickly store and release electrical energy, which is suitable for scenarios that require frequent power supply. The electrical energy stored in the energy storage module can provide stable power output when needed, ensuring that the system can still operate normally when energy harvesting is insufficient or interrupted.

[0083] The transformer is responsible for converting the electrical energy output by the energy storage module into a voltage suitable for use by each functional unit. Since different units may require different operating voltages, the transformer is responsible for adjusting the voltage to a suitable level by stepping up or down the voltage for use by the sensor unit 5, the processing unit, the wireless communication unit, etc.

[0084] The power IC (integrated circuit) is the control core of the energy management unit. It is electrically connected to the energy storage module and transformer and is responsible for managing the distribution and conversion of electric energy. The power IC can dynamically adjust the power output according to the needs of each functional unit to ensure efficient use of power and prevent power waste or overload.

[0085] Wind turbines use DC generators, so the transformer uses a DC / DC transformer. Since the voltage ranges used by each sensor node are inconsistent, the electric energy from the energy storage device or wind power generation device needs to be regulated before it can be sent to each sensor node. DC / DC transformers include step-down DC / DC transformers, step-up DC / DC transformers, and step-down and step-up DC / DC transformers.

[0086] Embodiment 7

[0087] The wireless communication unit includes a radio frequency transmission circuit, the radio frequency transmission circuit communicates wirelessly with the gateway, and the gateway communicates with the cloud platform through the wireless communication module.

[0088] The wireless communication unit is used to achieve remote data transmission of the detection device, so that the monitored operating status of the rotating machinery can be transmitted to the cloud platform in real time for analysis and storage. The core components of the wireless communication unit include the radio frequency transmission circuit, and the gateway and cloud platform communication module that work with it.

[0089] The RF transmission circuit is a key part of the wireless communication unit, responsible for sending the data collected by the sensor unit 5 and processed by the processing unit through radio waves. The RF transmission circuit uses the efficient transmission capability of RF signals to reliably transmit data to nearby gateway devices without physical connection.

[0090] The gateway acts as a communication relay station, receiving radio frequency signals from multiple wireless communication units and exchanging data with the cloud platform through its own wireless communication module. The gateway can not only aggregate data from multiple sensor nodes, but also perform preliminary data screening and processing to reduce the burden on the cloud platform.

[0091] The cloud platform communicates with the gateway through the wireless communication module, receives data from multiple gateways, and performs centralized processing and storage. The cloud platform provides powerful data processing and analysis capabilities, can conduct in-depth analysis of the data collected by the sensors, and generate operation reports or alarm information to support equipment management and maintenance decisions.

[0092] The wireless communication module may be a GRPS module, a LoRa module, a 4G module, a 5G module, a WIFI module or the like that is capable of wireless communication and may support a variety of communication protocols.

[0093] Embodiment 8

[0094] A specific embodiment is provided, in which the energy harvesting unit adopts a design combining a micro fan and a brushless DC motor. The fan has a diameter of 100 mm and is specially designed to capture low-speed airflow. Experimental results show that when the wind speed reaches 5.1 m / s, the fan can generate 28 mW of electrical energy; when the wind speed is 2.5 m / s, it can generate 8 mW of electrical energy. This electrical energy is used to support the operation of sensor nodes on rotating machinery.

[0095] Since the energy generated by the micro-blower is limited, the subsequent energy storage circuit must be optimized to achieve a low power consumption design. To this end, the energy management circuit adopts the following technical solutions:

[0096] MOSFET rectifier: Compared with the traditional diode bridge rectifier, the MOSFET rectifier has a lower conduction voltage drop, which reduces energy loss and improves overall efficiency. This rectifier is particularly suitable for rectification operation under low voltage conditions, ensuring efficient collection of electrical energy generated by the micro generator.

[0097] DC-DC boost converter: To maximize the energy obtained from wind power generation, the system uses maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technology based on impedance matching (equivalent resistance method). The boost converter is able to operate with an input voltage as low as 1.2V and has an energy conversion efficiency that is 40% to 70% higher than traditional methods. By optimizing impedance matching, the converter is able to dynamically adjust the load to ensure that the wind turbine always operates at the optimal power point, thereby maximizing energy collection efficiency.

[0098] Low power consumption design: The entire energy storage and power management system is designed with low power consumption as the principle, which minimizes the energy consumption of the system when it is not working. Through efficient energy management circuit design, the system can continuously power the sensor unit 5, processing unit and wireless communication unit under the limited energy generated by the micro fan.

[0099] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment / method", "some embodiments / methods", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment / method or example are included in at least one embodiment / method or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / method or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments / methods or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments / methods or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments / methods or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0100] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0101] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are only for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other changes or modifications may be made based on the above invention, and these changes or modifications are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-capture energy detection device for a rotating machine, characterized in that: The rotating machine comprises: a rotating shaft (1), a bearing and an end cover (4), wherein the rotating shaft (1) is rotatably connected to a non-rotating component via the bearing, and the end cover (4) is connected to an end of the rotating shaft (1); The detection device comprises: a sensing unit (5), a processing unit, a wireless communication unit, an energy collection unit and an energy management unit, wherein the sensing unit (5), the processing unit, the wireless communication unit and the energy collection unit are all electrically connected to the energy management unit; The sensing unit (5) is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the end cover (4), the energy collection unit is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the end cover (4), and the processing unit, the wireless communication unit and the energy management unit are all arranged on the end cover (4).

2. The self-capture energy detection device of a rotating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing unit (5) is an infrared temperature sensor, which is fixed on the inner side of the end cover (4) and is arranged corresponding to the connection between the bearing inner ring (3) of the bearing and the bearing outer ring (2) of the bearing. The infrared temperature sensor measures the temperature of the contact surface between the inner end of the bearing and the bearing outer ring (2).

3. The self-capture energy detection device of a rotating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy collection unit comprises: a wind generator and an impeller (6); the wind generator is fixedly connected to the outer side surface of the end cover (4), and the torque input shaft of the wind generator is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the impeller (6); the torque input shaft of the wind generator coincides with the central axis of the rotating shaft (1); and the power output end of the wind generator is electrically connected to the energy management unit.

4. The self-capture energy detection device of a rotating machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The energy collection unit further comprises: a wind shield, which is fixedly connected to the non-rotating component and blocks the airflow toward the impeller (6) and makes the rotation direction of the impeller (6) opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating shaft (1).

5. The self-capture energy detection device of a rotating machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower side of the wheel body connected to the rotating shaft (1) is in contact with the ground, and the wind shield shields the lower half of the impeller (6); If the rotating shaft (1) rotates clockwise, the airflow exerts a force on the upper part of the impeller (6) and causes the impeller (6) to rotate counterclockwise; If the rotating shaft (1) rotates counterclockwise, the airflow exerts a force on the upper part of the impeller (6) and causes the impeller (6) to rotate clockwise.

6. The self-capture energy detection device of a rotating machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wind shield is a U-shaped structure, and the lower half of the impeller (6) is located inside the U-shaped structure.

7. The self-capture energy detection device of a rotating machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The projection of the blades (7) of the impeller (6) on the central axis of the impeller (6) is S-shaped.

8. The self-capture energy detection device of a rotating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy management unit comprises: an energy storage module, a transformer, and a power supply IC. The power supply IC is electrically connected to the energy storage module and the transformer. The energy storage module is electrically connected to the sensor unit (5), the processing unit, the wireless communication unit, and the energy collection unit through the transformer.

9. The self-capture energy detection device of a rotating machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The energy storage module is a battery or a capacitor.

10. The self-capture energy detection device of a rotating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless communication unit includes a radio frequency transmission circuit, the radio frequency transmission circuit wirelessly communicates with a gateway, and the gateway communicates with a cloud platform via a wireless communication module.

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