Waste acid and sludge recycling cooperative treatment method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste treatment, in particular to a waste acid and sludge recycling cooperative treatment method. First, a first waste acid sample and a first sludge sample are regularly collected. Detecting the ion content in the sample in real time by using an online analysis instrument, and comparing the result with a preset threshold value to obtain a first waste acid sample parameter and a first sludge sample parameter; and inputting the first waste acid sample parameter and the first sludge sample parameter into a preset first chemical model for calculation to obtain N reaction products and N product yields. And according to the reaction product, the product yield and the market price data, calculating the market total income, the reaction process cost and the by-product treatment cost of each chemical process flow, thereby obtaining the reaction expected profit of each chemical process flow. According to the expected profit, whether harmless and recycling cooperative treatment is carried out or not is judged, so that efficient treatment and recycling utilization of waste acid and sludge are achieved, economic benefits are maximized, and the requirements of environmental protection laws and regulations are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of waste treatment, and in particular to a method for collaboratively treating waste acid and sludge resources. Background Art

[0002] Acid is an important industrial chemical in industries such as metallurgy, machinery and chemicals, and is often used as a cleaning agent, corrosive agent or catalyst. However, as the production process proceeds, impurities in the acid gradually accumulate. When the impurities in the acid reach a certain concentration, they can no longer be used in production and become waste acid. Waste acid is a potentially harmful waste. Optimizing the methods and processes for treating waste acid and recycling waste acid is an important part of the industrial production process. At the same time, sludge treatment is also an indispensable part of industrial production. The goal of sludge treatment is to remove unnecessary substances from the sludge, making it smaller, safer and more usable. Traditional waste treatment methods such as landfill and incineration have many disadvantages, such as high treatment costs, high energy consumption and easy secondary pollution. In order to solve these problems, the coordinated treatment of waste acid and sludge is an economically feasible resource treatment method. Through scientific and technological innovation, the resource-based coordinated treatment method can achieve waste reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization, and improve treatment efficiency and economic benefits.

[0003] In existing research, a Chinese patent with application number CN201810150969.5 proposes a method for treating aluminum oxidation sludge and waste acid, which mainly includes the following steps: sampling and detecting the composition of aluminum oxidation sludge and chemical waste acid; mixing aluminum oxidation sludge with dilute sulfuric acid or chemical waste acid for acidification; filtering the acidified mixed solution through a diaphragm filter press to obtain calcium phosphate products and filtrate; after the filtrate is treated by a complexing kettle, the resin is used to adsorb trace heavy metal ions to generate filtrates of different properties; the filtrate is further treated to obtain products such as aluminum phosphate, aluminum sulfate water purifier, aluminum hydroxide and anhydrous sodium sulfate; the filtrate generated by the acidification of chemical waste acid sludge can be converted into aluminum dihydrogen phosphate liquid or solid products after adjusting the acidity and composition. Although this method can effectively treat aluminum oxidation sludge and waste acid and realize the recycling of multiple resources, its process flow is relatively complicated, involving multiple steps of acidification, complexation, adsorption, separation and concentration, and the process equipment investment and operation costs are high. In addition, the treatment method has high requirements for the control of process parameters, such as acidity, reaction time and temperature, which require precise control, increasing the difficulty of operation and management costs. Scholar Liu Linlin proposed a process for comprehensive treatment of pickling wastewater and pickling sludge in "Research on Comprehensive Utilization of Pickling Wastewater and Pickling Sludge in Metal Surface Treatment". The research optimized the process conditions such as hydrochloric acid recovery and polyferric chloride preparation, and proposed a comprehensive treatment plan to achieve waste resource utilization, which has certain economic and environmental benefits. However, when conducting economic feasibility analysis, the input cost assessment is more ideal, resulting in actual benefits that may be far lower than expected. The Chinese patent with application number CN202210421723.3 proposes a waste acid and sludge resource collaborative treatment system. The mass transfer regulation unit in the system includes a scraping unit and a mixing plate. The mass transfer of waste gas and spray water is achieved through rotary spraying and periodic stirring, and the demisting unit is used to dynamically remove the mist in the waste gas. The system working steps include preliminary mass transfer, homogeneous mass transfer, dynamic demisting and sedimentation prevention to ensure that the waste gas treatment meets the emission standards. However, the design and operation of the mass transfer regulating unit, mixing plate, scraping unit and other components in the system will affect the processing efficiency. The system involves multiple rotating parts and periodic operation mechanisms, and it is necessary to ensure that these components can operate stably for a long time and are not affected by the external environment or workload. This leads to a high overall maintenance cost of the system.

[0004] However, in the existing waste acid and sludge resource synergistic treatment methods, direct synergistic treatment according to existing chemical processes without screening often leads to large economic losses. First, the treatment cost increases, and inefficient processes require more resources and energy. Secondly, the strong corrosiveness of waste acid may aggravate equipment loss and increase maintenance and replacement costs. In addition, improper treatment will lead to waste of resources and inability to effectively recover usable components. Therefore, in order to maximize economic benefits, scientific evaluation is required to select an effective treatment plan.

[0005] Therefore, a method for coordinated treatment of waste acid and sludge resources is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for the coordinated resource treatment of waste acid and sludge. First, waste acid samples and sludge samples are collected regularly to obtain a first waste acid sample and a first sludge sample. The ion content in the sample is detected in real time using an online analyzer, and the detection result is compared with a preset threshold value to obtain a first waste acid sample parameter and a first sludge sample parameter. These parameters are calculated in combination with a preset first chemical model to obtain N reaction products and their yields. According to the reaction products, product yields and market price data, the potential income of the target product under each chemical process flow is calculated to obtain N total market income. Subsequently, the reaction process cost of each chemical process flow is calculated, and based on the reaction products and product yields, the potential treatment cost of the by-products under each chemical process flow is calculated to obtain N treatment costs. According to the total market income, treatment cost and reaction process cost, the expected profit of the reaction under each chemical process flow is calculated to determine whether to perform harmless and resource coordinated treatment. Through the above steps, it is ensured that the waste acid and sludge samples are safely and economically treated to maximize economic benefits.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for collaboratively treating waste acid and sludge resources, comprising:

[0009] regularly collecting waste acid samples and sludge samples to obtain a first waste acid sample and a first sludge sample;

[0010] Using an online analytical instrument to perform real-time detection of ion content on the first waste acid sample and the first sludge sample, generating a list of ions whose content exceeds a preset threshold, and obtaining first waste acid sample parameters and first sludge sample parameters;

[0011] The first waste acid sample parameter and the first sludge sample parameter are calculated in combination with a preset first chemical model to obtain N reaction products and N product yields; the first chemical model includes N preset chemical process flows, which are used to predict reaction products and their yields under different process flows; the reaction products are all products generated corresponding to the chemical process flows, and the product yield includes the predicted yield corresponding to each of the reaction products;

[0012] Calculate the potential revenue of the target product under each chemical process flow according to the reaction product, the product output and the market price data to obtain N total market revenues;

[0013] Calculate the reaction process cost of each of the chemical process flows;

[0014] Based on the reaction products and the product yields, calculating the potential treatment costs of the by-products under each of the chemical process flows to obtain N treatment costs;

[0015] Calculate the expected profit of the reaction under each of the chemical process flows according to the N total market revenues, the N processing costs and the N reaction process costs;

[0016] Based on the expected profits of the N reactions, it is determined whether to conduct coordinated treatment of harmlessness and resource utilization.

[0017] Furthermore, the waste acid sample and the sludge sample are collected regularly as follows:

[0018] The waste acid sample and the sludge sample are collected regularly using an automatic sampling system to obtain the first waste acid sample and the first sludge sample; the automatic sampling system is installed on the waste acid and sludge flow pipelines for automatic sampling.

[0019] Furthermore, the online analytical instrument includes: a pH meter, a conductivity meter and an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer.

[0020] Furthermore, using the online analysis instrument to perform real-time detection of ion content on the first waste acid sample and the first sludge sample also includes:

[0021] Using the online analysis instrument to perform real-time detection of ion content on the first waste acid sample and the first sludge sample to obtain detection results; and comparing the detection results with respective corresponding preset thresholds;

[0022] The standard parameter ranges of the first waste acid sample and the first sludge sample are respectively set to obtain a first standard waste acid parameter interval and a first standard sludge parameter interval; the first standard waste acid parameter interval is a set of parameter ranges used to determine whether the waste acid sample meets the preset standard, including several sub-intervals; the first standard sludge parameter interval is a set of parameter ranges used to determine whether the sludge sample meets the preset standard, including several sub-intervals; if each parameter in the first waste acid sample parameter is within the corresponding sub-interval of the first standard waste acid parameter interval, it is recorded as a standard waste acid sample; otherwise, it is recorded as a non-standard waste acid sample; if each parameter in the first sludge sample parameter is within the corresponding sub-interval of the first standard sludge parameter interval, it is recorded as a standard sludge sample; otherwise, it is recorded as a non-standard sludge sample; the non-standard waste acid sample and the non-standard sludge sample are further analyzed and processed, including:

[0023] Conduct risk assessment to determine the potential impact of the non-standard waste acid sample and the non-standard sludge sample on treatment processes and equipment;

[0024] Based on the assessment results, decide whether separate safety treatment is required;

[0025] For the non-standard waste acid samples and the non-standard sludge samples that need to be treated separately and safely, corresponding treatment measures are implemented.

[0026] Furthermore, the N preset chemical process flows are specifically:

[0027] Each preset chemical process flow is a complete treatment process to achieve resource utilization and harmless coordinated treatment of the waste acid sample and the sludge sample.

[0028] Furthermore, the resource recovery and harmless coordinated processing includes the following processing steps:

[0029] The waste acid sample is subjected to a neutralization treatment, a precipitation treatment and an evaporation concentration treatment in sequence; the sludge sample is subjected to a dehydration treatment and a stabilization treatment;

[0030] Reaction is performed according to a preset first chemical reaction equation to generate the target product and the by-product; the first chemical reaction equation is used to achieve a synergistic reaction between the waste acid sample and the sludge sample;

[0031] Recovering and purifying the target product;

[0032] separating and disposing of the by-products;

[0033] Identify harmful substances in the by-products, obtain harmful by-products, and process the harmful by-products, including gas processing, solid waste processing, and liquid waste processing, so that the processing results meet the requirements of environmental protection laws and regulations and standards.

[0034] Furthermore, according to the reaction products, the product yields and market price data, the potential revenue of the target product under each chemical process flow is calculated, and the total revenue of N markets is obtained as follows:

[0035] The calculation formula for the total market return is:

[0036]

[0037] Wherein, j represents the index of the chemical process flow, n represents the total number of categories of the target product in the jth chemical process flow; i represents the category index of the target product; Q (i,j) represents the predicted yield of the i-th target product in the j-th chemical process; P (i,j) represents the market price of the i-th target product in the j-th chemical process flow, and F is the magnification factor, which represents the ratio between the actual industrial sludge treatment volume and the mass of the first sludge sample.

[0038] Furthermore, the reaction process cost of each chemical process flow is calculated to include: raw material cost, energy cost, equipment operation cost and labor cost.

[0039] Furthermore, based on the N total market revenues, the N processing costs and the N reaction process costs, the expected profit of the reaction under each chemical process flow is calculated as follows:

[0040] The calculation formula of the expected profit of the reaction is:

[0041] B j =R j -CT j -CR j ;

[0042] Wherein, j represents the index of the chemical process flow; B j represents the expected profit of the reaction of the jth chemical process; CT j represents the processing cost of the jth chemical process flow, CR j Represents the reaction process cost of the jth chemical process flow.

[0043] Furthermore, according to the expected profits of the N reactions, whether to carry out harmless and resource-based coordinated treatment is determined as follows:

[0044] Selecting the maximum value among the N expected profits of the reactions to obtain the highest expected profit; if the highest expected profit is greater than the preset profit, using the chemical process flow corresponding to the highest expected profit to perform collaborative processing of the waste acid sample and the sludge sample; otherwise, processing the waste acid sample and the sludge sample separately;

[0045] The preset profit is specifically:

[0046] The waste acid sample and the sludge sample are respectively subjected to harmless treatment and resource recovery treatment, comprising the following steps:

[0047] The first waste acid sample parameter and the first sludge sample parameter are calculated in combination with a preset second chemical model to obtain a second reaction product and a second product yield; the second chemical model includes M preset second chemical process flows, the second chemical model is different from the first chemical model, and is used to predict reaction products and their yields under different non-cooperative treatment process flows; the second reaction product is all products corresponding to the second chemical process flow, and the second product yield includes the predicted yield corresponding to each second reaction product;

[0048] The second chemical process is used to render the waste acid sample and the sludge sample harmless and recyclable, respectively; and comprises the following processing steps:

[0049] The waste acid sample is subjected to a neutralization treatment, a precipitation treatment and an evaporation concentration treatment in sequence; the sludge sample is subjected to a dehydration treatment and a stabilization treatment;

[0050] React according to a preset second chemical reaction equation to generate a second target product and a second by-product; recover and purify the second target product; the second chemical reaction equation is used to realize the separate reactions of the waste acid sample and the sludge sample;

[0051] separating and treating the second by-product;

[0052] Identify harmful substances in the second byproduct, obtain harmful byproducts, and process the harmful byproducts, including gas processing, solid waste processing, and liquid waste processing, so that the processing results meet the requirements of environmental protection laws and regulations and standards;

[0053] Based on the second reaction product, the second product output and the second market price data, calculating the potential revenue of the second target product under each of the second chemical process flows to obtain M second market total revenues;

[0054] Calculating the second reaction process cost of each of the second chemical process flows;

[0055] Based on the second reaction product and the second product yield, calculating the potential processing cost of the by-products under each of the second chemical process flows to obtain M second processing costs;

[0056] Calculate the expected profit of the second reaction under each of the second chemical process flows according to the M second market total revenues, the M second processing costs and the M reaction process costs;

[0057] The preset profit is the maximum value of the expected profits of the second reactions.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0059] 1. The present invention proposes a method for calculating the total market revenue. Since the coordinated resource treatment of waste acid and sludge is relatively complex, it may include multiple reaction modes and feasible paths. By comprehensively considering the total market revenue, treatment cost and reaction process cost, the expected profit of each chemical process flow can be accurately calculated, thereby comprehensively evaluating the economic benefits of each process flow. This helps enterprises to select the most profitable solution among multiple feasible paths, achieve optimal utilization of resources and maximize economic benefits. In addition, data-based scientific decision-making support is provided to help enterprises find the best balance between economic benefits and environmental protection. By accurately predicting and calculating the output of the target product and its market price, enterprises can more scientifically select the best treatment process to lay the foundation for the evaluation of subsequent treatment solutions, which helps to maximize economic benefits.

[0060] 2. The present invention proposes a method for calculating the expected profit of the reaction. By comprehensively considering the total market revenue, processing cost and reaction process cost, the expected profit of each chemical process can be accurately calculated, thereby comprehensively evaluating the economic benefits of each process. This can help enterprises choose the most profitable solution among multiple optional process flows, achieve optimal utilization of resources and maximize economic benefits. In addition, through this comprehensive evaluation method, costs and benefits can be effectively balanced, avoiding the situation of simply pursuing high returns while ignoring costs, and ensuring that the treatment process is both economical and efficient. A scientific solution evaluation standard is provided, which helps to improve the economic benefits of enterprises.

[0061] 3. The method for synergistic resource processing of waste acid and sludge proposed in the present invention ensures maximum economic benefits by selecting the chemical process flow with the highest expected profit for the reaction. If the maximum expected profit is lower than the preset profit, the waste acid and sludge are treated separately. The preset profit is based on the maximum expected profit of separately treating the waste acid and sludge, and the reaction products, output, market revenue, reaction cost and by-product treatment cost under the non-synergistic treatment process are calculated by the second chemical model. Ensure that the best economic and environmental benefits can be achieved under any circumstances. When the maximum expected profit of synergistic processing is lower than the preset profit, the separate treatment scheme can provide a backup option to ensure that even if the synergistic processing does not have an economic advantage, the waste acid and sludge can still be treated efficiently and environmentally friendly. This design ensures that the treatment scheme is economically feasible and environmentally compliant, which helps to maximize economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for collaboratively treating waste acid and sludge resources provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 3 A processing flow chart of a non-standard waste acid sample and a non-standard sludge sample provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 4 A flowchart of a process for obtaining the highest expected profit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 5 A flowchart of a process for obtaining a preset profit provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0068] Embodiment 1:

[0069] A method for collaboratively treating waste acid and sludge resources, comprising:

[0070] See also Figure 1 In S10, waste acid samples and sludge samples are collected regularly to obtain a first waste acid sample and a first sludge sample;

[0071] Furthermore, the waste acid sample and the sludge sample are collected regularly as follows:

[0072] The waste acid sample and the sludge sample are collected regularly using an automatic sampling system to obtain the first waste acid sample and the first sludge sample; the automatic sampling system is installed on the waste acid and sludge flow pipelines for automatic sampling.

[0073] The automatic sampling system improves sampling efficiency and helps to realize the automation and intelligent management of waste acid and sludge treatment processes. At the same time, the automatic sampling system can ensure the stability and consistency of sample collection, laying the foundation for the accuracy and reliability of subsequent test results.

[0074] See also Figure 1 In S20, using an online analytical instrument to perform real-time detection of ion content on the first waste acid sample and the first sludge sample, generating a list of ions whose content exceeds a preset threshold, and obtaining a first waste acid sample parameter and a first sludge sample parameter;

[0075] The ion content of the first waste acid sample and the first sludge sample is detected in real time using an online analyzer to obtain the actual concentration of each ion. The ion concentration in the test result is compared with a preset threshold value. The preset threshold value is a reference value set according to the actual treatment needs and chemical process requirements, which is used to determine which ions have too high concentrations in the sample and need special attention and treatment. By focusing on the ions with higher content, resources and costs can be allocated more effectively. Ions with lower content may have less impact on the overall process and the final product. Those ions with concentrations exceeding the preset threshold value are selected to form a list. Based on the generated ion list, the parameters of the first waste acid sample and the first sludge sample are determined, and these parameters will be used for subsequent chemical model calculations and chemical process flow design. For example, when treating waste acid and sludge samples, the preset threshold value for copper ions is 50ppm. If the test results show that the copper ion concentration in the waste acid sample is 100ppm, and the concentrations of other ions are all below their respective thresholds, then copper ions can be included in the list of ions with content exceeding the preset threshold value. Subsequently, copper ions are treated during the treatment process to ensure that their concentration is reduced to a safe range.

[0076] Furthermore, the online analytical instrument includes: a pH meter, a conductivity meter and an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS, such as Figure 2 shown).

[0077] The pH meter can accurately measure the pH of waste acid and sludge samples in real time. By detecting the pH value, abnormal conditions can be discovered and corrected in time to avoid damage to the treatment process and equipment caused by over-acidity or over-alkali. Ensure that the pH value of the sample is within the preset standard range, thereby optimizing the chemical process flow and improving the effect of resource recovery and harmless treatment; the conductivity meter can detect the conductivity change of the sample in real time, quickly evaluate the concentration of total dissolved ions in the sample, and ensure that the sample meets the preset chemical treatment standards; ICP-MS can perform multi-element analysis and accurately detect the content of various ions in the sample, including trace and trace elements. Through high-sensitivity and high-precision detection, the ion distribution in the sample can be fully understood, and harmful elements that exceed the standard can be identified to ensure safety and environmental protection during the treatment process. By using these three online analytical instruments in combination, the key parameters of waste acid and sludge samples can be fully and accurately detected to ensure that the samples meet the preset standards.

[0078] Furthermore, using an online analytical instrument to perform real-time detection of key parameters to obtain the first waste acid sample parameters and the first sludge sample parameters also includes:

[0079] The standard parameter ranges of the first waste acid sample and the first sludge sample are set respectively to obtain a first standard waste acid parameter interval and a first standard sludge parameter interval; the first standard waste acid parameter interval is a set of parameter ranges used to determine whether the waste acid sample meets the preset standard, including several sub-intervals; the first standard sludge parameter interval is a set of parameter ranges used to determine whether the sludge sample meets the preset standard, including several sub-intervals; if each parameter in the first waste acid sample parameter is within the corresponding sub-interval of the first standard waste acid parameter interval, it is recorded as a standard waste acid sample; otherwise, it is recorded as a non-standard waste acid sample; if each parameter in the first sludge sample parameter is within the corresponding sub-interval of the first standard sludge parameter interval, it is recorded as a standard sludge sample; otherwise, it is recorded as a non-standard sludge sample; the non-standard waste acid sample and the non-standard sludge sample are further analyzed and processed.

[0080] By using online analytical instruments to detect key parameters in real time and set the standard parameter range, standard samples and non-standard samples can be effectively distinguished, thereby achieving accurate sample classification and processing. Standard samples mean that the composition and content of the sample are within the preset parameter range, while non-standard samples may have abnormal components or excessive content. If the theoretical reaction products and their yields are directly predicted for non-standard samples, the expected reaction products and yields may not be obtained due to the instability of the actual chemical process flow, and the equipment may even be damaged. By distinguishing between standard samples and non-standard samples, corresponding treatment methods can be adopted for different types of samples. The complication of the preset chemical process flow caused by the complex and changeable sample composition is avoided. In this way, not only can the efficiency and accuracy of the treatment process be ensured, but also non-standard samples can be further analyzed and processed, the resource utilization rate can be improved, environmental pollution can be reduced, and ultimately the efficient resource utilization and harmless treatment of waste can be achieved.

[0081] Table 1. Example of the first standard waste acid parameter interval in Example 1

[0082] pH 1-3 Conductivity (mS / cm) 50-100 Lead (mg / L) 0-0.5 Cadmium (mg / L) 0-0.1 Chromium (mg / L) 0-0.5 ... ...

[0083] Table 2. Example of the first standard sludge parameter interval in Example 1

[0084] pH 6-8 Conductivity (mS / cm) 0.5-2 Lead (mg / kg) 0-200 Cadmium (mg / kg) 0-50 Mercury (mg / kg) 0-5 Chromium (mg / kg) 0-300 Copper (mg / kg) 0-1500 Zinc (mg / kg) 0-5000 ... ...

[0085] In a possible implementation, the first standard waste acid parameter range provided is shown in Table 1; the first standard sludge parameter range provided is shown in Table 2.

[0086] In this embodiment, each parameter of the first waste acid sample parameter is within a sub-interval of the corresponding first standard waste acid parameter interval, which is a standard waste acid sample; each parameter of the first sludge sample parameter is within a sub-interval of the corresponding first standard sludge parameter interval, which is a standard sludge sample; for the non-standard waste acid sample and the non-standard sludge sample that do not require separate safe treatment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the process is carried out according to the conventional process, which includes the subsequent steps of S30, S40, S50, S60, S70 and S80, which can be referred to Figure 1 .

[0087] See also Figure 1 In S30, the first waste acid sample parameter and the first sludge sample parameter are calculated in combination with a preset first chemical model to obtain N reaction products and N product yields; the first chemical model includes N preset chemical process flows, which are used to predict reaction products and their yields under different process flows; the reaction products are all products generated corresponding to the chemical process flows, and the product yield includes the predicted yield corresponding to each of the reaction products;

[0088] The specific implementation method in this embodiment is: based on the known chemical reaction mechanism and reaction kinetics, a chemical reaction model is preliminarily constructed, and the reaction path and the actual yield of the product are verified through a series of experiments to verify and correct the model. By inputting these data into the chemical simulation software, the reaction products and their yields under different chemical process flows are simulated, and the model is further calibrated to ensure the accuracy and reliability of its prediction. Thereafter, after multiple iterations and optimizations, a model containing N preset chemical process flows is formed, and verified in actual production to ensure that the model can accurately predict the products and their yields under different process flows.

[0089] Furthermore, the N preset chemical process flows are specifically:

[0090] like Figure 4As shown, each preset chemical process flow is a complete treatment process, which aims to achieve the resource utilization and harmless coordinated treatment of the waste acid sample and the sludge sample. The specific tasks of the chemical process flow are clarified, laying the foundation for the subsequent selection of the chemical process flow with the highest economic benefit, thereby realizing the resource utilization and harmless treatment of waste acid and sludge. These chemical process flows are in parallel relationship, and each chemical process flow can independently achieve the resource utilization and harmless coordinated treatment of waste acid samples and sludge samples. Different chemical process flows use different chemical reactions and technologies, but each chemical process flow can independently achieve the goal of resource utilization and harmlessness. They cover the whole process from the initial treatment of waste acid and sludge samples to the final generation of useful products and harmless treatment. In this embodiment, there are three chemical process flows, chemical process flow 1 uses acid leaching and alkali precipitation to generate Cu(OH)2, chemical process flow 2 uses solvent extraction and electrolytic recovery to generate electrolytic copper, and chemical process flow 3 uses ion exchange and reduction roasting to generate reduced copper. Although these processes are different, they can all complete the treatment tasks independently.

[0091] Furthermore, the resource recovery and harmless coordinated processing includes the following processing steps:

[0092] The waste acid sample is subjected to a neutralization treatment, a precipitation treatment and an evaporation concentration treatment in sequence; the sludge sample is subjected to a dehydration treatment and a stabilization treatment;

[0093] Reaction is performed according to a preset first chemical reaction equation to generate the target product and the by-product; the first chemical reaction equation is used to achieve a synergistic reaction between the waste acid sample and the sludge sample;

[0094] Recovering and purifying the target product;

[0095] separating and disposing of the by-products;

[0096] Identify harmful substances in the by-products, obtain harmful by-products, and process the harmful by-products, including gas processing, solid waste processing, and liquid waste processing, so that the processing results meet the requirements of environmental protection laws and regulations and standards.

[0097] By sequentially neutralizing, precipitating, and evaporating and concentrating the waste acid samples, and dehydrating and stabilizing the sludge samples, the complexity of waste treatment can be effectively reduced, and the synergistic reaction of waste acid and sludge can be achieved. The target product and by-product are generated by a preset chemical reaction equation, and the target product is recovered and purified, thereby improving resource utilization. Hazardous substances in by-products are identified and treated, including the treatment of gaseous, solid and liquid wastes, so that the treatment results meet the requirements of environmental protection laws and regulations and standards, thereby reducing environmental pollution and ensuring the safety and environmental protection of the treatment process. Through this series of steps, efficient resource utilization and harmless treatment of waste acid and sludge can be achieved, with significant environmental and economic benefits.

[0098] See also Figure 1 S40 in which the potential revenue of the target product under each of the chemical process flows is calculated according to the reaction products, the product yields and the market price data to obtain N total market revenues;

[0099] Furthermore, according to the reaction products, the product yields and market price data, the potential revenue of the target product under each chemical process flow is calculated, and the total revenue of N markets is obtained as follows:

[0100] The calculation formula for the total market return is:

[0101]

[0102] Wherein, j represents the index of the chemical process flow, n represents the total number of categories of the target product in the jth chemical process flow; i represents the category index of the target product; Q (i,j) represents the predicted yield of the i-th target product in the j-th chemical process; P (i,j) represents the market price of the i-th target product in the j-th chemical process flow, and F is the magnification factor, which represents the ratio between the actual industrial sludge treatment volume and the mass of the first sludge sample.

[0103] The amplification factor F (F>1) indicates the ratio of sludge from laboratory sample volume to industrial production volume. By introducing the amplification factor F, the laboratory sample data can be reasonably expanded to the industrial production scale, so that the total market revenue of the chemical process can be calculated. Combined with the market price of multi-target products, a comprehensive economic benefit evaluation tool is provided. It provides a reliable quantitative basis for decision-making and lays the foundation for the calculation of the expected profit of subsequent reactions.

[0104] See also Figure 1 S50 in which the reaction process cost of each of the chemical process flows is calculated;

[0105] Furthermore, the reaction process cost of each chemical process flow is calculated to include: raw material cost, energy cost, equipment operation cost and labor cost.

[0106] It can comprehensively and accurately evaluate the reaction process cost of each chemical process. This helps to understand the economic investment and operating expenses of different process flows.

[0107] In this embodiment, the reaction process cost also includes the transportation cost of the original sludge, waste acid and the transportation cost of the product. Among them, the raw material cost is specifically the cost of the chemical substances used for the reaction. The energy cost includes the cost of energy such as electricity and fuel consumed in the production process. The equipment operation cost includes the depreciation, maintenance and operation costs of the equipment. The labor cost includes the workers' salary, training and welfare expenses.

[0108] Table 3. Reaction process cost calculation table for each chemical process flow

[0109]

[0110] The reaction process cost calculation table for different chemical process flows is shown in Table 3. The reaction process cost calculation method is:

[0111] Reaction process cost = raw material cost + energy cost + equipment operation cost + labor cost + transportation cost;

[0112] Table 3 shows the specific cost components and total cost of each process.

[0113] See also Figure 1 In S60, based on the reaction product and the product yield, the potential treatment cost of the by-product under each of the chemical process flows is calculated to obtain N treatment costs;

[0114] See also Figure 1 S70, calculating the expected profit of the reaction under each of the chemical process flows according to the N total market revenues, the N processing costs and the N reaction process costs;

[0115] Furthermore, based on the N total market revenues, the N processing costs and the N reaction process costs, the expected profit of the reaction under each chemical process flow is calculated as follows:

[0116] The calculation formula of the expected profit of the reaction is:

[0117] B j =R j -CT j -CR j ;

[0118] Wherein, j represents the index of the chemical process flow; Bj represents the expected profit of the reaction of the jth chemical process; CT j represents the processing cost of the jth chemical process flow, CR j Represents the reaction process cost of the jth chemical process flow.

[0119] By combining the total market revenue, processing costs and reaction process costs, the expected profit of each chemical process reaction is calculated. The profit calculation can identify which processes are still economically profitable in the event of market fluctuations or cost changes. The profit situation of each chemical process can be evaluated in detail according to different market conditions, and the optimal treatment plan can be selected to ensure maximum economic benefits.

[0120] See also Figure 1 In S80, it is determined whether to carry out harmless and resource-saving coordinated treatment according to the expected profits of the N reactions.

[0121] Furthermore, according to the expected profits of the N reactions, whether to carry out harmless and resource-based coordinated treatment is determined as follows:

[0122] Selecting the maximum value among the N expected profits of the reactions to obtain the highest expected profit; if the highest expected profit is greater than the preset profit, using the chemical process flow corresponding to the highest expected profit to perform collaborative processing of the waste acid sample and the sludge sample; otherwise, processing the waste acid sample and the sludge sample separately;

[0123] The preset profit is specifically:

[0124] The waste acid sample and the sludge sample are respectively subjected to harmless treatment and resource recovery treatment, comprising the following steps:

[0125] like Figure 5 As shown, the first waste acid sample parameter and the first sludge sample parameter are calculated in combination with a preset second chemical model to obtain a second reaction product and a second product yield; the second chemical model includes M preset second chemical process flows, and the second chemical model is different from the first chemical model, and is used to predict the reaction products and their yields under different non-cooperative treatment process flows; the second reaction product is all products corresponding to the second chemical process flow, and the second product yield includes the predicted yield corresponding to each second reaction product;

[0126] The second chemical process flow is used to render the waste acid sample and the sludge sample harmless and recyclable, respectively; and comprises the following processing steps:

[0127] The waste acid sample is subjected to a neutralization treatment, a precipitation treatment and an evaporation concentration treatment in sequence; the sludge sample is subjected to a dehydration treatment and a stabilization treatment;

[0128] React according to a preset second chemical reaction equation to generate a second target product and a second by-product; recover and purify the second target product; the second chemical reaction equation is used to realize the separate reactions of the waste acid sample and the sludge sample;

[0129] separating and processing the second by-product;

[0130] Identify harmful substances in the second byproduct, obtain harmful byproducts, and process the harmful byproducts, including gas processing, solid waste processing, and liquid waste processing, so that the processing results meet the requirements of environmental protection laws and regulations and standards;

[0131] Based on the second reaction product, the second product output and the second market price data, calculating the potential revenue of the second target product under each of the second chemical process flows to obtain M second market total revenues;

[0132] Calculating the second reaction process cost of each of the second chemical process flows;

[0133] Based on the second reaction product and the second product yield, calculating the potential processing cost of the by-products under each of the second chemical process flows to obtain M second processing costs;

[0134] Calculate the expected profit of the second reaction under each of the second chemical process flows according to the M second market total revenues, the M second processing costs and the M reaction process costs;

[0135] The preset profit is the maximum value of the expected profits of the second reactions.

[0136] By calculating and comparing the expected profits of multiple chemical process flows, the optimal harmless and resource-based collaborative treatment solution can be selected to ensure maximum economic benefits. When the highest expected profit of the selected chemical process flow is greater than the preset profit, the process is used for collaborative treatment to improve resource utilization efficiency and treatment effect. If the highest expected profit does not reach the preset profit, the waste acid sample and sludge sample are treated separately to ensure that the treatment results meet the requirements of environmental protection laws and standards, thereby achieving a balance between environmental protection and economic benefits.

[0137] The method proposed in the present invention can predict the reaction products and their outputs of different chemical process flows through automated sample collection, real-time detection and chemical model calculation. Combined with market price data and detailed cost analysis, the expected profit of the reaction of each chemical process flow is calculated, so as to select the most economical treatment plan. This method not only improves resource utilization efficiency and treatment effect, but also ensures that the treatment results meet environmental protection laws and regulations and standards, and ultimately achieves a win-win situation of environmental protection and economic benefits. At the same time, when the maximum expected profit of collaborative treatment is lower than the preset profit, a spare separate treatment plan is provided to ensure that waste acid and sludge can be treated efficiently and environmentally friendly under any circumstances. Through this design, enterprises can ensure the environmental compliance of the treatment process while maximizing economic benefits.

[0138] Embodiment 2:

[0139] See also Figure 1 In S10, waste acid samples and sludge samples are collected regularly to obtain a first waste acid sample and a first sludge sample;

[0140] Furthermore, the waste acid sample and the sludge sample are collected regularly as follows:

[0141] The waste acid sample and the sludge sample are collected regularly using an automatic sampling system to obtain the first waste acid sample and the first sludge sample; the automatic sampling system is installed on the waste acid and sludge flow pipelines for automatic sampling.

[0142] See also Figure 1 In S20, using an online analytical instrument to perform real-time detection of ion content on the first waste acid sample and the first sludge sample, generating a list of ions whose content exceeds a preset threshold, and obtaining a first waste acid sample parameter and a first sludge sample parameter;

[0143] Furthermore, the online analytical instrument includes: a pH meter, a conductivity meter and an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer.

[0144] Furthermore, using an online analytical instrument to perform real-time detection of key parameters to obtain the first waste acid sample parameters and the first sludge sample parameters also includes:

[0145] The standard parameter ranges of the first waste acid sample and the first sludge sample are respectively set to obtain a first standard waste acid parameter interval and a first standard sludge parameter interval; the first standard waste acid parameter interval is a set of parameter ranges used to determine whether the waste acid sample meets the preset standard, including several sub-intervals; the first standard sludge parameter interval is a set of parameter ranges used to determine whether the sludge sample meets the preset standard, including several sub-intervals; if each parameter in the first waste acid sample parameter is within the corresponding sub-interval of the first standard waste acid parameter interval, it is recorded as a standard waste acid sample; otherwise, it is recorded as a non-standard waste acid sample; if each parameter in the first sludge sample parameter is within the corresponding sub-interval of the first standard sludge parameter interval, it is recorded as a standard sludge sample; otherwise, it is recorded as a non-standard sludge sample; the non-standard waste acid sample and the non-standard sludge sample are further analyzed and processed, including:

[0146] Conduct risk assessment to determine the potential impact of the non-standard waste acid sample and the non-standard sludge sample on treatment processes and equipment;

[0147] Based on the assessment results, decide whether separate safety treatment is required;

[0148] For the non-standard waste acid samples and the non-standard sludge samples that need to be treated separately and safely, corresponding treatment measures are implemented.

[0149] Table 4. Example of the first standard sludge parameter interval in Example 2

[0150] pH 6-9 Conductivity (mS / cm) 0.5-2 Lead (mg / kg) 0-200 Cadmium (mg / kg) 0-50 Mercury (mg / kg) 0-5 Chromium (mg / kg) 0-300 Copper (mg / kg) 0-1500 Zinc (mg / kg) 0-4000 ... ...

[0151] In this embodiment, the heavy metal content of a batch of sludge samples, lead content (300 mg / kg), was detected by an online analytical instrument, far exceeding the lead content sub-interval in the first standard sludge parameter interval, and the first standard sludge parameter interval is shown in Table 4, resulting in the batch of samples being determined as non-standard sludge samples. The non-standard sludge samples are isolated and stored to prevent mixing with other sludge samples.

[0152] A risk assessment of this non-standard sludge sample revealed that its high heavy metal content may pose corrosion and pollution risks to conventional sludge treatment equipment and processes, and the treated by-products cannot be safely discharged or recycled.

[0153] Based on the risk assessment results, it was decided that this non-standard sludge sample needed to be handled separately and safely.

[0154] Chemical precipitants are added to the sludge to convert heavy metals into insoluble compounds, thereby reducing the activity and solubility of heavy metals.

[0155] The sludge is mixed with a solidifying agent to stabilize the heavy metals in a solid matrix to prevent their migration and dissolution.

[0156] The treated sludge is subjected to high-temperature pyrolysis to degrade organic pollutants and further reduce the activity of heavy metals.

[0157] The treated sludge is sent to a special hazardous waste landfill for safe disposal to ensure that heavy metals do not cause secondary pollution to the environment.

[0158] At the same time, record the source, test results, treatment methods and effects of this batch of non-standard sludge samples.

[0159] In this embodiment, experts in environmental engineering and chemical treatment were invited to further evaluate the non-standard sludge sample and propose an optimized treatment plan. According to the expert's suggestions, the existing treatment process was improved, such as adding a heavy metal capture system or adjusting the type and amount of chemical additives, so as to better treat similar non-standard sludge samples.

[0160] For sludge samples that cannot be processed on site, they will be transferred to qualified professional treatment facilities for treatment in accordance with relevant regulations and safety standards to ensure their safe disposal.

[0161] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for the coordinated treatment of waste acid and sludge resources, characterized in that: include: regularly collecting waste acid samples and sludge samples to obtain a first waste acid sample and a first sludge sample; Using an online analytical instrument to perform real-time detection of ion content on the first waste acid sample and the first sludge sample, generating a list of ions whose content exceeds a preset threshold, and obtaining first waste acid sample parameters and first sludge sample parameters; The first waste acid sample parameter and the first sludge sample parameter are calculated in combination with a preset first chemical model to obtain N reaction products and N product yields; The first chemical model includes N preset chemical process flows, which are used to predict reaction products and their yields under different process flows; the reaction products are all products generated corresponding to the chemical process flows, and the product yields include the predicted yield corresponding to each of the reaction products; Calculate the potential revenue of the target product under each chemical process flow according to the reaction product, the product output and the market price data to obtain N total market revenues; Calculate the reaction process cost of each of the chemical process flows; Based on the reaction products and the product yields, calculating the potential treatment costs of the by-products under each of the chemical process flows to obtain N treatment costs; Calculate the expected profit of the reaction under each of the chemical process flows according to the N total market revenues, the N processing costs and the N reaction process costs; Based on the expected profits of the N reactions, it is determined whether to conduct coordinated treatment of harmlessness and resource utilization.

2. A method for the coordinated treatment of waste acid and sludge resources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste acid sample and the sludge sample are collected regularly as follows: The waste acid sample and the sludge sample are collected regularly using an automatic sampling system to obtain the first waste acid sample and the first sludge sample; the automatic sampling system is installed on the waste acid and sludge flow pipelines for automatic sampling.

3. The method for co-processing waste acid and sludge as resources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The online analysis instrument comprises: a pH meter, a conductivity meter and an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer.

4. The method for co-processing waste acid and sludge as resources according to claim 1, characterized in that: Using the online analysis instrument to perform real-time detection of ion content on the first waste acid sample and the first sludge sample also includes: Using the online analysis instrument to perform real-time detection of ion content on the first waste acid sample and the first sludge sample to obtain detection results; and comparing the detection results with respective corresponding preset thresholds; The standard parameter ranges of the first waste acid sample and the first sludge sample are respectively set to obtain a first standard waste acid parameter interval and a first standard sludge parameter interval; the first standard waste acid parameter interval is a set of parameter ranges used to determine whether the waste acid sample meets the preset standard, including several sub-intervals; the first standard sludge parameter interval is a set of parameter ranges used to determine whether the sludge sample meets the preset standard, including several sub-intervals; if each parameter in the first waste acid sample parameter is within the corresponding sub-interval of the first standard waste acid parameter interval, it is recorded as a standard waste acid sample; otherwise, it is recorded as a non-standard waste acid sample; if each parameter in the first sludge sample parameter is within the corresponding sub-interval of the first standard sludge parameter interval, it is recorded as a standard sludge sample; otherwise, it is recorded as a non-standard sludge sample; the non-standard waste acid sample and the non-standard sludge sample are further analyzed and processed, including: Conduct risk assessment to determine the potential impact of the non-standard waste acid sample and the non-standard sludge sample on treatment processes and equipment; Based on the assessment results, decide whether separate safety treatment is required; For the non-standard waste acid samples and the non-standard sludge samples that need to be treated separately and safely, corresponding treatment measures are implemented.

5. The method for co-processing waste acid and sludge as resources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The N preset chemical process flows are specifically: Each preset chemical process flow is a complete treatment process to achieve resource utilization and harmless coordinated treatment of the waste acid sample and the sludge sample.

6. A method for the coordinated treatment of waste acid and sludge resources according to claim 5, characterized in that: The resource recovery and harmless coordinated treatment includes the following processing steps: The waste acid sample is subjected to a neutralization treatment, a precipitation treatment and an evaporation concentration treatment in sequence; the sludge sample is subjected to a dehydration treatment and a stabilization treatment; Reaction is performed according to a preset first chemical reaction equation to generate the target product and the by-product; the first chemical reaction equation is used to achieve a synergistic reaction between the waste acid sample and the sludge sample; Recovering and purifying the target product; separating and processing the by-products; Identify harmful substances in the by-products, obtain harmful by-products, and process the harmful by-products, including gas processing, solid waste processing, and liquid waste processing, so that the processing results meet the requirements of environmental protection laws and regulations and standards.

7. The method for co-processing waste acid and sludge as resources according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the reaction products, the product yields and market price data, the potential revenue of the target product under each chemical process flow is calculated, and the total revenue of N markets is obtained as follows: The calculation formula for the total market return is: Wherein, j represents the index of the chemical process flow, n represents the total number of categories of the target product in the jth chemical process flow; i represents the category index of the target product; Q (i,j) represents the predicted yield of the i-th target product in the j-th chemical process; P (i,j) represents the market price of the i-th target product in the j-th chemical process flow, and F is the magnification factor, which represents the ratio between the actual industrial sludge treatment volume and the mass of the first sludge sample.

8. The method for co-processing waste acid and sludge as resources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction process cost of each chemical process flow is calculated to include: raw material cost, energy cost, equipment operation cost and labor cost.

9. The method for co-processing waste acid and sludge as resources according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the N total market revenues, the N processing costs and the N reaction process costs, the expected profit of the reaction under each chemical process flow is calculated as follows: The calculation formula of the expected profit of the reaction is: B j =R j -CT j -CR j ; Wherein, j represents the index of the chemical process flow; B j represents the expected profit of the reaction of the jth chemical process; CT j represents the processing cost of the jth chemical process flow, CR j Represents the reaction process cost of the jth chemical process flow.

10. The method for co-processing waste acid and sludge as resources according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the expected profits of N reactions, whether to carry out harmless and resource-based coordinated treatment is determined as follows: Selecting the maximum value among the N expected profits of the reactions to obtain the highest expected profit; if the highest expected profit is greater than the preset profit, using the chemical process flow corresponding to the highest expected profit to perform collaborative processing of the waste acid sample and the sludge sample; otherwise, processing the waste acid sample and the sludge sample separately; The preset profit is specifically: The waste acid sample and the sludge sample are respectively subjected to harmless treatment and resource recovery treatment, comprising the following steps: The first waste acid sample parameter and the first sludge sample parameter are calculated in combination with a preset second chemical model to obtain a second reaction product and a second product yield; the second chemical model includes M preset second chemical process flows, the second chemical model is different from the first chemical model, and is used to predict reaction products and their yields under different non-cooperative treatment process flows; the second reaction product is all products corresponding to the second chemical process flow, and the second product yield includes the predicted yield corresponding to each second reaction product; The second chemical process is used to render the waste acid sample and the sludge sample harmless and recyclable, respectively; and comprises the following processing steps: The waste acid sample is subjected to a neutralization treatment, a precipitation treatment and an evaporation concentration treatment in sequence; the sludge sample is subjected to a dehydration treatment and a stabilization treatment; React according to a preset second chemical reaction equation to generate a second target product and a second by-product; recover and purify the second target product; the second chemical reaction equation is used to realize the separate reactions of the waste acid sample and the sludge sample; separating and processing the second by-product; Identify harmful substances in the second byproduct, obtain harmful byproducts, and process the harmful byproducts, including gas processing, solid waste processing, and liquid waste processing, so that the processing results meet the requirements of environmental protection laws and regulations and standards; Based on the second reaction product, the second product output and the second market price data, calculating the potential revenue of the second target product under each of the second chemical process flows to obtain M second market total revenues; Calculating the second reaction process cost of each of the second chemical process flows; Based on the second reaction product and the second product yield, calculating the potential processing cost of the by-products under each of the second chemical process flows to obtain M second processing costs; Calculate the expected profit of the second reaction under each of the second chemical process flows according to the M second market total revenues, the M second processing costs and the M reaction process costs; The preset profit is the maximum value of the expected profits of the second reactions.

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