Double-layer rotary friction nanometer generator based on phase shift design

Abstract

The invention provides a double-layer rotary friction nanometer generator based on phase shift design, and relates to the technical field of micro-nano energy collection. The device comprises a rotor structure, a stator structure and a rectifier, wherein the rotor structure can rotate relative to the stator structure; an even number of fan-shaped electrodes are installed on the end face of the stator structure, all the fan-shaped electrodes are spliced into a circle, the polarities of every two adjacent fan-shaped electrodes are opposite, and flexible polymer films are pasted on the surfaces of the fan-shaped electrodes. One pair of fan-shaped electrodes is connected with one rectifier, and the rectifier is used for converting each phase of alternating current voltage output by each pair of fan-shaped electrodes into one-way pulse voltage with a high crest factor; a plurality of fan-shaped electrodes are arranged on the rotor structure, a plurality of fan-shaped friction parts are arranged on the end face of the rotor structure, the number of the fan-shaped friction parts is half of that of the fan-shaped electrodes, the fan-shaped friction parts are arranged in a phase shift mode, and the fan-shaped friction parts can be in contact with the fan-shaped electrodes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of micro-nano energy collection, and in particular to a double-layer rotary friction nanogenerator based on phase shift design. Background Art

[0002] With the proposal of the "carbon peak and carbon neutrality" goals and the requirements of sustainable development, collecting diverse and stray mechanical energy from the natural environment has become one of the promising solutions. The friction nanogenerator based on the principles of contact electrification and electrostatic induction has attracted widespread attention from scholars due to its simple structure, diverse materials, and rich functions. Although its output energy density is far behind that of the traditional electromagnetic induction generator (EMG), the friction nanogenerator has great advantages in low-frequency and distributed energy collection and conversion. Due to the rapid development of the Internet of Things and digital twins, various types of distributed sensors are required to extract and perceive diverse information. Self-powered sensing based on energy harvesting devices such as friction nanogenerators has been recognized as a future renewable energy solution.

[0003] The typical electrical output of the existing rotary friction nanogenerator is a narrow pulse signal with high amplitude and low width, and has the inherent characteristics of high output voltage, low output current and high internal impedance, which is significantly mismatched with the low voltage and high current DC power supply required by the sensor device. At present, the power management chip using spark switch and power electronic switch can play a certain degree of conditioning role on the output signal of the friction nanogenerator, but this method will lose part of the energy generated by the friction nanogenerator and reduce the output energy efficiency ratio. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a friction nanogenerator based on phase shift design and constant current output to better meet the power supply needs of the sensor device. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a double-layer rotating friction nanogenerator based on phase shift design, and to provide a double-layer rotating friction nanogenerator based on phase shift design, based on Kirchhoff's law and linear circuit superposition principle, to couple multiple pulse voltage phases to constant voltage output to meet the application environment wind energy collection and self-powered sensing applications. The preferred technical solutions among the many technical solutions provided by the present invention can produce many technical effects as described below.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a double-layer rotating friction nanogenerator based on phase shift design, comprising a rotor structure, a stator structure and a rectifier, wherein the rotor structure can rotate relative to the stator structure;

[0007] An even number of sector-shaped electrodes are installed on the end surface of the stator structure, all the sector-shaped electrodes are spliced ​​into a circle and the polarities of two adjacent sector-shaped electrodes are opposite, and a flexible polymer film is pasted on the surface of the sector-shaped electrodes;

[0008] Each pair of the sector-shaped electrodes is connected to a rectifier, and the rectifier is used to convert each phase of the AC voltage output by each pair of the sector-shaped electrodes into a unidirectional pulse voltage with a high crest factor;

[0009] A plurality of fan-shaped friction parts are arranged on the end surface of the rotor structure, the number of the fan-shaped friction parts is half the number of the fan-shaped electrodes, the fan-shaped friction parts are arranged in a phase shift mode, and the fan-shaped friction parts can contact the fan-shaped electrodes.

[0010] Optionally, there are two stator structures, and the rotor structure is located between the two stator structures.

[0011] Optionally, it also includes a rotating assembly and a base, the stator structure of the lower layer is connected to the base, the two stator structures are connected by a support rod, the rotating assembly passes through the stator structure and the rotor structure, the rotating assembly is rotatably connected to the stator structure, and the rotating assembly is connected to the rotor structure.

[0012] Optionally, the rotating assembly includes a wind cup structure and a connecting shaft, the wind cup structure is connected to the upper end of the connecting shaft, the connecting shaft passes through one stator structure, the rotor structure and another stator structure in sequence, the connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the stator structure through a bearing, and the connecting shaft is connected to the rotor structure through a fixing sleeve.

[0013] Optionally, the center angle of the sector-shaped electrode is consistent with the center angle of the sector-shaped friction portion, and each of the sector-shaped friction portions can cover the sector-shaped electrode.

[0014] Optionally, the material used for the sector-shaped electrode is pure metal or alloy;

[0015] The pure metal includes one of gold, silver, platinum, palladium, aluminum, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, selenium, iron, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium;

[0016] The alloy includes one of an aluminum alloy, a titanium alloy, a magnesium alloy, a beryllium alloy, a copper alloy, a zinc alloy, a manganese alloy, a nickel alloy, a lead alloy, a tin alloy, a cadmium alloy, a bismuth alloy, an indium alloy, a gallium alloy, a tungsten alloy, a molybdenum alloy, a niobium alloy or a tantalum alloy.

[0017] Optionally, the material used for the flexible polymer film is one of fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, vinylidene chloride acrylonitrile copolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene or polyvinyl chloride.

[0018] Optionally, the fan-shaped friction portion is made of flexible Rex rabbit hair, and the length of the flexible Rex rabbit hair is not less than 1 cm.

[0019] Optionally, each of the sector-shaped electrodes is connected to a lead wire, and the lead wire is connected to the rectifier via a wire;

[0020] The rectifier is provided with an output interface, and the output interface is connected to the electrical equipment.

[0021] Optionally, an insulating distance is provided between two adjacent sector-shaped electrodes.

[0022] The present invention provides a double-layer rotating friction nanogenerator based on a phase-shift design. The fan-shaped friction parts on the rotor structure are arranged in a phase-shift mode, so that the fan-shaped friction parts and the corresponding positions of the fan-shaped electrodes are staggered at a certain angle. A rectifier is then used to convert each phase of the AC voltage output by each pair of electrodes into a unidirectional pulse voltage with a high crest factor. Based on Kirchhoff's law and the superposition principle of linear circuits, each pulse voltage phase can be coupled to a constant voltage output and directly used for powering the sensor without the need for an additional power management circuit, thereby reducing the output loss caused by power management.

[0023] The preferred technical solution of the present invention can at least produce the following technical effects:

[0024] The flexible rex rabbit hair material proposed in the present invention is used as a positive polarity friction material, which can significantly reduce the friction resistance of the device and drive the device to work even in a breeze; it can further improve the output performance and enhance the long-term operation stability of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-layer rotating friction nanogenerator based on a phase shift design provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2is a schematic structural diagram from another angle of a double-layer rotating friction nanogenerator based on a phase shift design provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a stator structure of a double-layer rotary friction nanogenerator based on a phase shift design provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 is a distribution diagram of the fan-shaped friction part in the rotor structure of a double-layer rotary friction nanogenerator based on phase shift design provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a distribution diagram of the fan-shaped electrodes of a double-layer rotating friction nanogenerator based on a phase shift design provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure, 1 is the rotor structure; 11 is the fan-shaped friction part;

[0032] 2. stator structure; 21. fan-shaped electrode; 211. lead wire;

[0033] 3. Rectifier;

[0034] 4. Rotating assembly; 41. Wind cup structure; 42. Connecting shaft; 43. Bearing; 44. Fixed sleeve;

[0035] 5. Base;

[0036] 6. Support rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more; the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] The present invention provides a double-layer rotary friction nanogenerator based on phase shift design, comprising a rotor structure 1, a stator structure 2 and a rectifier 3, wherein the rotor structure 1 can rotate relative to the stator structure 2;

[0041] An even number of sector-shaped electrodes 21 are installed on the end surface of the stator structure 2. The sector-shaped electrodes 21 can be pasted on the stator structure 2. All the sector-shaped electrodes 21 are spliced ​​into a circle, that is, all the sector-shaped electrodes 21 are centered on the central hole of the stator structure 2 and surround the central hole. The center angle of each sector-shaped electrode 21 is consistent, and the polarities of two adjacent sector-shaped electrodes 21 are opposite. A flexible polymer film is pasted on the surface of the sector-shaped electrode 21;

[0042] Each pair of sector-shaped electrodes 21 is connected to a rectifier 3, and the rectifier 3 is used to convert each phase AC voltage output by each pair of sector-shaped electrodes 21 into a unidirectional pulse voltage with a high crest factor;

[0043] A plurality of fan-shaped friction parts 11 are arranged on the end surface of the rotor structure 1, and the number of the fan-shaped friction parts 11 is half the number of the fan-shaped electrodes 21. The fan-shaped friction parts 11 are arranged in a phase shift mode, and the fan-shaped friction parts 11 can contact the fan-shaped electrodes 21. The double-layer rotary friction nanogenerator based on phase shift design provided by the present invention arranges the fan-shaped friction parts 11 on the rotor structure 1 in a phase shift mode, so that the fan-shaped friction parts 11 and the corresponding positions of the fan-shaped electrodes 21 are arranged at a certain angle, and then the rectifier 3 is used to convert the AC voltage of each phase output by each pair of electrodes into a unidirectional pulse voltage with a high crest factor. Based on Kirchhoff's law and the principle of linear circuit superposition, each pulse voltage phase can be coupled to the constant voltage output, which is directly used for the energy supply of the sensor without the need for an additional power management circuit, thereby reducing the output loss caused by power management.

[0044] As an optional implementation, there are two stator structures 2 , the rotor structure 1 is located between the two stator structures 2 , and both end surfaces of the rotor structure 1 are provided with sector-shaped friction portions 11 .

[0045] As an optional embodiment, it also includes a rotating assembly 4 and a base 5, the lower stator structure 2 is connected to the base 5, the two stator structures 2 are connected by a support rod 6, the rotating assembly 4 passes through the stator structure 2 and the rotor structure 1, the rotating assembly 4 is rotationally connected to the stator structure 2, and the rotating assembly 4 is connected to the rotor structure 1. When the rotating assembly 4 is blown by the wind, the rotating assembly 4 will rotate, thereby driving the rotor structure 1 to rotate, while the stator structure 2 will not rotate due to the restriction of the base 5 and the support rod 6, so that the fan-shaped friction part 11 will rub against the fan-shaped electrode 21.

[0046] As an optional embodiment, the rotating assembly 4 includes a wind cup structure 41 and a connecting shaft 42, the wind cup structure 41 is connected to the upper end of the connecting shaft 42, the connecting shaft 42 passes through a stator structure 2, a rotor structure 1 and another stator structure 2 in sequence, the connecting shaft 42 is rotatably connected to the stator structure 2 through a bearing 43, and the connecting shaft 42 is connected to the rotor structure 1 through a fixing sleeve 44. The wind cup structure 41 includes a support frame and a wind cup, the middle part of the support frame is connected to the top of the connecting shaft 42, the number of wind cups is multiple, and each support rod of the support frame is connected to a wind cup.

[0047] As an optional implementation, the center angle of the sector-shaped electrode 21 is consistent with the center angle of the sector-shaped friction part 11, each sector-shaped friction part 11 can cover the sector-shaped electrode 21, the shape of each sector-shaped friction part 11 is consistent with the shape of the sector-shaped electrode 21, and the size of each sector-shaped friction part 11 is slightly smaller than or equal to the size of the sector-shaped electrode 21. Each sector-shaped friction part 11 can completely cover the surface of the same pair of sector-shaped electrodes 21 without bridging the complementary and adjacent sector-shaped electrodes 21.

[0048] As an optional implementation, the material used for the sector electrode 21 is pure metal or alloy;

[0049] The pure metal includes one of gold, silver, platinum, palladium, aluminum, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, selenium, iron, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium;

[0050] The alloy includes one of an aluminum alloy, a titanium alloy, a magnesium alloy, a beryllium alloy, a copper alloy, a zinc alloy, a manganese alloy, a nickel alloy, a lead alloy, a tin alloy, a cadmium alloy, a bismuth alloy, an indium alloy, a gallium alloy, a tungsten alloy, a molybdenum alloy, a niobium alloy or a tantalum alloy.

[0051] As an optional embodiment, the material used for the flexible polymer film is one of fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, vinylidene chloride acrylonitrile copolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene or polyvinyl chloride.

[0052] As an optional embodiment, the fan-shaped friction part 11 is made of flexible rex rabbit hair, and the length of the flexible rex rabbit hair is not less than 1 cm. The gap between the rotor structure 1 and the stator structure 2 can be 1 cm, so that the flexible rex rabbit hair is in full contact with the flexible polymer film.

[0053] As an optional implementation, each sector electrode 21 is connected to a lead wire 211, and each pair of lead wires 211 is connected to a rectifier 3 through a wire to form a multi-channel output; the wire is used to parallel the unidirectional pulse voltage output by the rectifier 3;

[0054] The rectifier 3 is provided with an output interface, which is connected to the electrical equipment to realize energy supply for the sensor device.

[0055] As an optional implementation, an insulating gap is provided between two adjacent sector-shaped electrodes 21 .

[0056] Example

[0057] For the rotating component 4, a support rod having three hemispherical aluminum alloy hollow cups (wind cups) with a diameter of 6 cm and three connecting rods with a length of 6 cm on the support frame is fixed to the top of the connecting shaft 42. The connecting shaft 42 is made of solid aluminum alloy material, is 12 cm long and has a diameter of 1 cm.

[0058] For the stator structure 2, a laser cutting machine is used to cut a 1 cm thick acrylic plate into a hexagonal prism disk with a side length of 7 cm. 12 pieces of copper foil with a central angle of 30°, a radius of 5.5 cm, and a thickness of 0.1 mm are pasted on the end face of the hexagonal prism disk to serve as the sector electrode 21. The insulation spacing between each sector electrode 21 is 1 to 2 mm. Copper wire is used as the lead 211 to lead out the complementary electrodes respectively to form a multi-channel output. A layer of flexible fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP) film is pasted on the surface of each of the two groups of sector electrodes 21, and the surface roughness is increased by sandpaper polishing. The size of the FEP is the same as the disk composed of the sector electrodes 21.

[0059] For rotor structure 1, a 1 cm thick acrylic plate was cut into a disc shape with a diameter of 12 cm using a laser cutter, and six 1.5 cm long flexible Rex rabbit hairs were attached to the Figure 5 This embodiment adopts a 1 / 6 phase shift design, corresponding to each phase occupying an angle of 55°, that is, each phase generates a phase shift staggered angle A of 5°.

[0060] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A double-layer rotating friction nanogenerator based on phase shift design, characterized in that: It comprises a rotor structure (1), a stator structure (2) and a rectifier (3), wherein: The rotor structure (1) is capable of rotating relative to the stator structure (2); An even number of sector-shaped electrodes (21) are mounted on the end surface of the stator structure (2), all the sector-shaped electrodes (21) are spliced ​​into a circle and the polarities of two adjacent sector-shaped electrodes (21) are opposite, and a flexible polymer film is pasted on the surface of the sector-shaped electrode (21); Each pair of the sector-shaped electrodes (21) is connected to a rectifier (3), and the rectifier (3) is used to convert each phase of the AC voltage output by each pair of the sector-shaped electrodes (21) into a unidirectional pulse voltage with a high crest factor; A plurality of fan-shaped friction parts (11) are arranged on the end surface of the rotor structure (1), the number of the fan-shaped friction parts (11) is half the number of the fan-shaped electrodes (21), the fan-shaped friction parts (11) are arranged in a phase shift mode, and the fan-shaped friction parts (11) can contact the fan-shaped electrodes (21).

2. The double-layer rotating friction nanogenerator based on phase shift design according to claim 1 is characterized in that: There are two stator structures (2), and the rotor structure (1) is located between the two stator structures (2).

3. The double-layer rotating friction nanogenerator based on phase shift design according to claim 2 is characterized in that: It also comprises a rotating assembly (4) and a base (5), wherein the stator structure (2) of the lower layer is connected to the base (5), the two stator structures (2) are connected via a support rod (6), the rotating assembly (4) passes through the stator structure (2) and the rotor structure (1), the rotating assembly (4) is rotatably connected to the stator structure (2), and the rotating assembly (4) is connected to the rotor structure (1).

4. The double-layer rotating friction nanogenerator based on phase shift design according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The rotating assembly (4) comprises a wind cup structure (41) and a connecting shaft (42); the wind cup structure (41) is connected to the upper end of the connecting shaft (42); the connecting shaft (42) passes through one stator structure (2), the rotor structure (1) and another stator structure (2) in sequence; the connecting shaft (42) is rotatably connected to the stator structure (2) via a bearing (43); and the connecting shaft (42) is connected to the rotor structure (1) via a fixing sleeve (44).

5. The double-layer rotating friction nanogenerator based on phase shift design according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center angle of the sector-shaped electrode (21) is consistent with the center angle of the sector-shaped friction portion (11), and each sector-shaped friction portion (11) can cover the sector-shaped electrode (21).

6. The double-layer rotating friction nanogenerator based on phase shift design according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan-shaped electrode (21) is made of pure metal or alloy; The pure metal includes one of gold, silver, platinum, palladium, aluminum, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, selenium, iron, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium; The alloy includes one of an aluminum alloy, a titanium alloy, a magnesium alloy, a beryllium alloy, a copper alloy, a zinc alloy, a manganese alloy, a nickel alloy, a lead alloy, a tin alloy, a cadmium alloy, a bismuth alloy, an indium alloy, a gallium alloy, a tungsten alloy, a molybdenum alloy, a niobium alloy or a tantalum alloy.

7. The double-layer rotating friction nanogenerator based on phase shift design according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the flexible polymer film is one of fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, vinylidene chloride acrylonitrile copolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene or polyvinyl chloride.

8. The double-layer rotating friction nanogenerator based on phase shift design according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan-shaped friction part (11) is made of flexible Rex rabbit hair, and the length of the flexible Rex rabbit hair is not less than 1 cm.

9. The double-layer rotating friction nanogenerator based on phase shift design according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the sector-shaped electrodes (21) is connected to a lead wire (211), and the lead wire (211) is connected to the rectifier (3) via a wire; The rectifier (3) is provided with an output interface, and the output interface is connected to the electrical equipment.

10. The double-layer rotating friction nanogenerator based on phase shift design according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insulating distance is provided between two adjacent sector-shaped electrodes (21).

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