Non-thorn green prickleyash different-stock grafting seedling raising method

Abstract

The invention discloses a stingless green prickleyash different-stock grafting seedling raising method, and belongs to the technical field of pepper grafting seedling raising. The method comprises the following steps: (1) top-jar pepper rootstock seedling cultivation: selecting two-year-old top-jar pepper large green pepper variety seedlings with disease resistance, drought resistance and good growth vigor as rootstocks; (2) collection of thorn-free green prickleyash scions: selecting annual thorn-free green prickleyash branches as scions, and pruning tips and compound leaves of the scions to obtain the scions for grafting; (3) grafting: on the same stock, completing first-time scion grafting from late December to late February, and completing second-time plate budding from late May to early July; and (5) management after grafting: fertilizing and weeding are performed when the grafting survives, so that the problem of low grafting survival rate caused by incomplete attachment of cambiums during grafting is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pepper grafting, and in particular to a method for raising seedlings by grafting thornless green pepper with different rootstocks. Background Art

[0002] Zanthoxylum is a plant of the genus Zanthoxylum in the family Rutaceae. It is a special economic forest tree species that integrates seasoning, oil, medicine and industrial raw materials. Its strong drought resistance and early fruiting make it widely cultivated in Shaanxi, Sichuan, Gansu, Shandong, Guizhou, Yunnan and other places, playing a very important role in desertification control and rural economic growth. However, the excellent varieties or types of red and green peppers that are widely cultivated at present have many thorns on branches and leaves, which makes it inconvenient to cultivate and manage pepper seedlings, planting, shaping, pruning and harvesting, resulting in the problem of excessively high labor costs for pepper cultivation and management. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out research on key technologies for breeding high-quality thornless green pepper varieties and accelerate the large-scale promotion and application of thornless green pepper varieties.

[0003] Thornless green Sichuan pepper has the characteristics of high quality and high yield of ordinary Sichuan pepper, and has fewer branch and leaf thorns, which directly reduces the cost of cultivation and management, and has a very broad prospect for industrial development and utilization. Commonly used Sichuan pepper seedling breeding techniques include sowing, cutting, tissue culture and grafting seedling technology. However, the germination rate of seeds in sowing seedlings is low, the seedlings have many branch and leaf thorns, the rooting time of cutting seedlings is long, and the seedling out-of-nursery cycle is long. Tissue culture technology has not yet been widely used in production. The use of multiple grafting methods to breed thornless green Sichuan pepper can stably maintain the thornless trait of Sichuan pepper and improve the resistance of Sichuan pepper seedlings. The survival rate of grafted Sichuan pepper seedlings is directly related to the affinity of the grafted parents, the age of the rootstock, the grafting technology and environmental factors. On the basis of selecting high-quality top-tan pepper, green pepper resistant rootstock and thornless green pepper scion, the limiting factor of graft survival is that the rootstock and scion are closely fitted, the fitted scion and rootstock cambium cells produce a large amount of callus tissue, further callus tissue division, proliferation and connection, differentiation to form vascular tissue, vascular tissue differentiation vascular bundle and duct after grafting survival, the more complete the fit, the easier the connected callus tissue is to form the higher the survival rate of grafting. However, the cambium of pepper is thinner, and the fitting operation is more difficult, resulting in difficulty in nutrient transport between the rootstock and the scion, and the grafting survival rate is low. The current treatment method is to re-prune the grafting site and graft again to ensure that the incision of the cambium is aligned and fitted, but this directly causes a waste of human resources and an increase in cost.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a method for grafting seedlings of thornless green Zanthoxylum bungeanum on different rootstocks, which improves the traditional Zanthoxylum bungeanum grafting method to solve the problem of low grafting survival rate caused by incomplete adhesion of cambium layers. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for raising seedlings by grafting thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum with different rootstocks, which solves the problem of low grafting survival rate caused by incomplete adhesion of the cambium during grafting.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems by the following technical means:

[0007] A method for grafting seedlings of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum on different rootstocks, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Cultivation of Dingtan Zanthoxylum bungeanum rootstock seedlings: In mid-to-late August, disease-resistant and drought-resistant mature Dingtan Zanthoxylum bungeanum fruit spikes were collected, seeds were separated out using a separator, the seeds were sterilized and sown in a seedbed, and after being cultivated for 2 years according to a conventional seedling raising method, 2-year-old Dingtan Zanthoxylum bungeanum seedlings with a ground diameter of 0.8-1 cm with good growth potential were selected as rootstock seedlings;

[0009] (2) Collection of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum scion: Select the current year's thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum branches that are healthy, fully lignified or semi-lignified, free of pests and diseases, and 0.4-0.6 cm in diameter as scions, trim the top and compound leaves of the scions, and obtain scions for grafting;

[0010] (3) Grafting: On the same rootstock, the first branch grafting is completed in late December to late February, and the second bud grafting is completed in late May to early July;

[0011] (5) Management after grafting: Apply 15-20 kg / plant of farmyard manure in mid-August every year after grafting. Weeding should be carried out 3-4 times a year, and pest control measures should be taken.

[0012] Furthermore, in step (2), the scion is trimmed to a length of 5-6 cm.

[0013] Furthermore, the operation of the first grafting in step (3) is:

[0014] S1: Make an oblique cut 1-2 cm on the back of the first bud of the thornless green pepper scion, cut off one-third of the woody part, and the bevel is about 2-3 cm long. Then cut a small cut surface on the back of the bevel to slightly expose a small part of the woody part.

[0015] S2: Grafting is performed 5-8 cm from the ground of the rootstock. First, the middle and upper parts of the seedlings are cut off, the thorns and leaves on the stems are removed, the rootstock is sectioned, and then a 2 cm vertical cut is made in the cortex with a slight xylem;

[0016] S3: Insert the grafting sheet into the cut of the rootstock, completely close to the rootstock, then insert the scion into the cut of the rootstock, with the long inclined surface of the scion tightly fitting with the grafting sheet, and finally wrap it with plastic tape, clean the sprouts on the rootstock in time, and untie it after 25-35 days.

[0017] Furthermore, the second chipping budding operation in step (3) is as follows:

[0018] S1: Take a wooden cube bud 1-1.5cm above and below the scion bud, and cut it close to the cambium to make it smooth;

[0019] S2: Grafting is performed at a distance of 8-10 cm from the rootstock ground, thorns and leaves on the seedling stem are removed, and the rootstock is smoothly cut into the size of the grafted bud;

[0020] S3: Place the grafting sheet close to the cut of the rootstock, then place the scion close to the top of the grafting sheet, align them and hold the rootstock on both sides, fix the lower part of the scion with the left thumb on one side of the plastic bag, and tie it from bottom to top to prevent the plastic tape from loosening. Clean the sprouts on the rootstock in time and untie them after 25-35 days.

[0021] Furthermore, the grafting-promoting slice comprises the following raw materials: konjac glucomannan, calcium carbonate, ethyl acetate, sodium xylene sulfonate, arginine and cassava starch.

[0022] Furthermore, the mass ratio of each raw material of the grafting-promoting sheet is: konjac glucomannan, calcium carbonate, ethyl acetate, sodium xylene sulfonate, arginine, and cassava starch is: (4-5): (1.5-2): (2-2.5): (1.2-1.5): (1.5-1.8): (2-3).

[0023] Furthermore, the preparation method of the grafting-promoting sheet is as follows:

[0024] A: sodium xylene sulfonate was added to deionized water, and stirred at 250-350 rpm for 5-10 min to obtain a sodium xylene sulfonate solution, and arginine, ethyl acetate, and konjac glucomannan were added, and stirred to obtain a mixed solution;

[0025] B: adding water to cassava starch, gelatinizing at 80-90° C. to obtain cassava starch paste, cooling the mixture and adding calcium carbonate, stirring evenly to obtain a grafting agent;

[0026] C: Inject the grafting promoting agent into the slice mold, dry it at 20-25°C for 3-4 hours, and demould to obtain the grafting promoting slice.

[0027] Furthermore, in step B, the mass ratio of tapioca starch to water is 1:20.

[0028] Furthermore, the thickness of the grafting-promoting sheet is 2-3 mm.

[0029] The grafting-promoting sheet is placed between the rootstock and the scion, fitting tightly together. The grafting-promoting sheet can absorb moisture and nutrients in the rootstock into the grafting-promoting sheet. As the moisture in the grafting-promoting sheet increases, the ethyl acetate in the grafting-promoting sheet is slowly hydrolyzed to generate acetic acid. The generated acetic acid reacts with calcium carbonate evenly distributed in the grafting-promoting sheet to generate carbon dioxide. The calcium carbonate consumed in the reaction makes the structure of the grafting-promoting gel sheet loose, thereby promoting the material transfer between the rootstock and the scion.

[0030] At this time, the scion and the rootstock begin to transport materials through the loosely structured grafting-promoting sheet. The sodium xylene sulfonate in the grafting-promoting sheet can reduce the cross-linking density of the grafting-promoting sheet, reduce the diffusion resistance of the material in the grafting-promoting sheet, make the material transport between the rootstock and the scion smoother, and allow the scion to obtain sufficient water and nutrients for growth, maintaining the activity of the scion. In addition, arginine is added to the grafting-promoting sheet, which can improve the differentiation activity of the cell tissue at the grafting site, promote the continuous division of cells at the incision to form callus tissue, and further differentiate into tubular molecules. In the process of water exchange between the stock and the scion, the cassava starch molecules have strong hydrophilicity. As the water transport continues, the cassava starch molecules gradually absorb water and swell, thereby destroying the structure of the grafting-promoting sheet, making the grafting-promoting gel sheet further loose, which is not only beneficial to the material exchange between the stock and the scion, but also conducive to the degradation of the grafting-promoting sheet, so that the cells of the scion and the stock can quickly form intercellular filaments, promote the callus at the grafting site, and improve the survival rate of the grafting. Therefore, the grafting-promoting sheet can establish a channel for material and signal transmission between the stock and the scion, so that the communication between the cambium of the stock and the scion can be conducted by the grafting-promoting sheet as a medium, thereby reducing the difficulty of grafting operation.

[0031] Beneficial effects:

[0032] The present invention improves the traditional pepper grafting method, and the grafting-promoting thin slice produced can provide a channel for material transport between the stock and the scion, and promote the generation of callus tissue, thereby improving the survival rate and grafting rate of pepper grafting. At the same time, the present invention can still play a good role when the cambium of the stock and the scion is not aligned, and can greatly reduce the operational difficulty of grafting and reduce the waste of labor. At the same time, the present invention can effectively reduce the stock cost, and the grafted pepper is easy to survive. The present invention is simple to operate, easy to implement, and is worth promoting in the field of grafting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 : The first grafting diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments:

[0035] Example 1: Seedling cultivation of thornless green prickly ash grafted on different rootstocks

[0036] Preparation of grafting slices:

[0037] A: 1.2 g of sodium xylene sulfonate was added to 100 ml of deionized water, and stirred at 250 rpm for 5 min to obtain a sodium xylene sulfonate solution, and 1.5 g of arginine, 2 g of ethyl acetate, and 4 g of konjac glucomannan were added, and stirred to obtain a mixed solution;

[0038] B: 2g of cassava starch was added with 40g of water, and gelatinized at 80°C to obtain cassava starch paste. After cooling, the mixture and 1.5g of calcium carbonate were added, and the mixture was stirred to obtain a grafting agent;

[0039] C: Inject the grafting promoter into the slice mold, dry it at 20°C for 3 hours, and demould to obtain a 2mm grafting promoter slice.

[0040] Method for raising seedlings of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum by grafting:

[0041] (1) Cultivation of Dingtan Zanthoxylum bungeanum rootstock seedlings: In mid-to-late August, mature disease-resistant and drought-resistant Dingtan Zanthoxylum bungeanum fruit spikes were collected, and seeds were separated using a separator. The seeds were sterilized and sown in a seedbed. After 2 years of cultivation according to a conventional seedling raising method, 2-year-old Dingtan Zanthoxylum bungeanum seedlings with a ground diameter of 0.8 cm and good growth potential were selected as rootstock seedlings;

[0042] (2) Collection of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum scion: Select healthy, fully lignified or semi-lignified, disease-free, and insect-free thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum branches with a diameter of 0.4 cm as scions, trim the scions to a length of 5 cm, and trim the top and compound leaves of the scions to obtain scions for grafting;

[0043] (3) Grafting:

[0044] First grafting: The first grafting begins in late December

[0045] S1: Make an oblique cut 1 cm on the back of the first bud of the thornless green pepper scion, cut off one-third of the woody part, and the bevel is about 2 cm long. Then cut a small cut surface on the back of the bevel to slightly expose a small part of the woody part;

[0046] S2: Grafting was performed 5 cm from the ground of the rootstock. The middle and upper parts of the seedlings were cut off first, the thorns and leaves on the stems were removed, the rootstock was sectioned, and then a 2 cm vertical cut was made in the cortex with a slight xylem;

[0047] S3: Insert the grafting sheet into the cut of the rootstock, completely close to the rootstock, then insert the scion into the cut of the rootstock, with the long inclined surface of the scion tightly fitting with the grafting sheet, and finally wrap it with plastic tape, clean the sprouts on the rootstock in time, and untie it after 25 days.

[0048] Second chip bud grafting: The second chip bud grafting is carried out on the same rootstock starting in late May.

[0049] S1: Take a wooden cube bud 1 cm above and below the scion bud and cut it close to the cambium to make it smooth;

[0050] S2: Grafting is performed at 8 cm from the rootstock ground, thorns and leaves on the seedling stem are removed, and the rootstock is smoothly cut into the size of the grafted bud;

[0051] S3: Place the grafting sheet close to the cut of the rootstock, then place the scion close to the top of the grafting sheet, align them and hold the rootstock on both sides, fix the lower part of the scion with the left thumb on one side of the plastic bag, and tie it from bottom to top to prevent the plastic tape from loosening. Clean the sprouts on the rootstock in time and untie them after 25 days.

[0052] (5) Management after grafting: Apply 15 kg of farmyard manure per plant in mid-August every year after grafting. Weeding should be carried out three times a year and pest control measures should be taken.

[0053] Example 2: Seedling cultivation of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum grafted on different rootstocks II

[0054] Preparation of grafting slices:

[0055] A: 1.35 g of sodium xylene sulfonate was added to 112 ml of deionized water, and the mixture was stirred at 300 rpm for 8 min to obtain a sodium xylene sulfonate solution. 1.65 g of arginine, 2.25 g of ethyl acetate, and 4.5 g of konjac glucomannan were added and stirred to obtain a mixed solution.

[0056] B: 2.5 g of cassava starch was added to 50 g of water, and gelatinized at 85° C. to obtain cassava starch paste. After cooling, the mixture and 1.75 g of calcium carbonate were added, and the mixture was stirred evenly to obtain a grafting agent;

[0057] C: Inject the grafting promoter into the slice mold, dry it at 22°C for 3.5 hours, and demould to obtain a 2 mm grafting promoter slice.

[0058] Method for raising seedlings of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum by grafting:

[0059] (1) Cultivation of Dingtan Zanthoxylum bungeanum rootstock seedlings: In mid-to-late August, mature disease-resistant and drought-resistant Dingtan Zanthoxylum bungeanum fruit ears were collected, and seeds were separated by a separator. After the seeds were sterilized, they were sown in a seedbed, and cultivated according to a conventional seedling raising method for 2 years, and then 2-year-old Dingtan Zanthoxylum bungeanum seedlings with a ground diameter of 0.9 cm with good growth potential were selected as rootstock seedlings;

[0060] (2) Collection of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum scion: Select healthy, fully lignified or semi-lignified, disease- and insect-free, thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum branches of the current year with a diameter of 0.4 cm as scions. The scion thickness is smaller than or close to the stock thickness. The scion length is trimmed to 5.5 cm, and the top and compound leaves of the scion are trimmed to obtain a scion for grafting;

[0061] (3) Grafting:

[0062] First grafting: The first grafting begins in late December

[0063] S1: Make an oblique cut 1.5 cm on the back of the first bud of the thornless green pepper scion, cut off one-third of the woody part, and the bevel is about 2.5 cm long. Then cut a small cut surface on the back of the bevel to slightly expose a small part of the woody part;

[0064] S2: Grafting was performed at 6.5 cm from the ground of the rootstock. The middle and upper parts of the seedlings were cut off first, the thorns and leaves on the stems were removed, the rootstock was sectioned, and then a 2 cm vertical cut was made in the cortex with a slight xylem;

[0065] S3: Insert the grafting sheet into the cut of the rootstock, completely close to the rootstock, then insert the scion into the cut of the rootstock, with the long inclined surface of the scion tightly fitting with the grafting sheet, and finally wrap it with plastic tape, clean the sprouts on the rootstock in time, and untie it after 30 days.

[0066] Second chip bud grafting: The second chip bud grafting is carried out on the same rootstock starting in late May.

[0067] S1: Take a wooden cube bud 1.2 cm above and below the scion bud and cut it close to the cambium to make it smooth;

[0068] S2: Grafting is performed at 9 cm from the ground of the rootstock, the thorns and leaves on the seedling stem are removed, and the rootstock is smoothly cut into the size of the grafted bud;

[0069] S3: Place the grafting sheet close to the cut of the rootstock, then place the scion close to the top of the grafting sheet, align them and hold the rootstock on both sides, fix the lower part of the scion with the left thumb on one side of the plastic bag, and tie it from bottom to top to prevent the plastic tape from loosening. Clean the sprouts on the rootstock in time and untie them after 30 days.

[0070] (5) Management after grafting: Apply 18 kg of farmyard manure per plant in mid-August every year after grafting. Weeding should be carried out three times a year and pest control measures should be taken.

[0071] Example 3: Different rootstock grafting seedling raising of thornless green Zanthoxylum bungeanum

[0072] Preparation of grafting slices:

[0073] A: 1.5 g of sodium xylene sulfonate was added to 125 ml of deionized water, and the mixture was stirred at 350 rpm for 10 min to obtain a sodium xylene sulfonate solution. 1.8 g of arginine, 2.5 g of ethyl acetate, and 5 g of konjac glucomannan were added and stirred to obtain a mixed solution.

[0074] B: 3g of cassava starch was added with 60g of water, and gelatinized at 90°C to obtain cassava starch paste. After cooling, the mixture and 2g of calcium carbonate were added, and stirred to obtain a grafting agent;

[0075] C: Inject the grafting promoter into the slice mold, dry it at 25°C for 4 hours, and demould to obtain a 3mm grafting promoter slice.

[0076] Method for raising seedlings of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum by grafting:

[0077] (1) Cultivation of Dingtan Zanthoxylum bungeanum rootstock seedlings: In mid-to-late August, mature disease-resistant and drought-resistant Dingtan Zanthoxylum bungeanum fruit spikes were collected, and seeds were separated using a separator. After the seeds were sterilized, they were sown in a seedbed for cultivation, and 2-year-old Dingtan Zanthoxylum bungeanum seedlings with a ground diameter of 0.8 cm with good growth potential were selected as rootstock seedlings;

[0078] (2) Collection of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum scion: Select healthy, fully lignified or semi-lignified, disease- and insect-free thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum branches of the current year as scions. The scion thickness is smaller than or close to the stock thickness. The scion length is trimmed to 50 cm, and the top and compound leaves of the scion are trimmed to obtain a scion for grafting;

[0079] (3) Grafting:

[0080] First grafting: The first grafting begins in late December

[0081] S1: Make an oblique cut 2 cm on the back of the first bud of the thornless green pepper scion, cut off one-third of the woody part, and the bevel is about 3 cm long. Then cut a small cut surface on the back of the bevel to slightly expose a small part of the woody part;

[0082] S2: Grafting was performed 8 cm from the ground of the rootstock. The middle and upper parts of the seedlings were cut off first, the thorns and leaves on the stems were removed, the rootstock was sectioned, and then a 2 cm vertical cut was made in the cortex with a slight xylem;

[0083] S3: Insert the grafting sheet into the cut of the rootstock, completely close to the rootstock, then insert the scion into the cut of the rootstock, with the long inclined surface of the scion tightly fitting with the grafting sheet, and finally wrap it with plastic tape, clean the sprouts on the rootstock in time, and untie it after 25 days.

[0084] Second chip bud grafting: The second chip bud grafting is carried out on the same rootstock starting in late May.

[0085] S1: Take a wooden cube bud 1.5 cm above and below the scion bud and cut it close to the cambium to make it smooth;

[0086] S2: Grafting is performed 10 cm from the ground of the rootstock, the thorns and leaves on the seedling stem are removed, and the rootstock is smoothly cut into the size of the grafted bud;

[0087] S3: Place the grafting sheet close to the cut of the rootstock, then place the scion close to the top of the grafting sheet, align them and hold the rootstock on both sides, fix the lower part of the scion with the left thumb on one side of the plastic bag, and tie it from bottom to top to prevent the plastic tape from loosening. Clean the sprouts on the rootstock in time and untie them after 25 days.

[0088] (5) Management after grafting: Apply 20 kg of farmyard manure per plant in mid-August every year after grafting. Weeding should be carried out four times a year and pest control measures should be taken.

[0089] Comparative Example 1:

[0090] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that the preparation process of the grafting-promoting slice is different, specifically, no ethyl acetate is added, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0091] A: 1.2 g of sodium xylene sulfonate was added to 100 ml of deionized water, and stirred at 250 rpm for 5 min to obtain a sodium xylene sulfonate solution, and 1.5 g of arginine and 4 g of konjac glucomannan were added, and stirred to obtain a mixed solution;

[0092] B: 2g of cassava starch was added with 40g of water, and gelatinized at 80°C to obtain cassava starch paste. After cooling, the mixture and 1.5g of calcium carbonate were added, and the mixture was stirred to obtain a grafting agent;

[0093] C: Inject the grafting promoter into the slice mold, dry it at 20°C for 3 hours, and demould to obtain a 2mm grafting promoter slice.

[0094] The method for raising seedlings by grafting thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum on different rootstocks in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0095] Comparative Example 2:

[0096] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that the preparation process of the grafting-promoting sheet is different, specifically, calcium carbonate is not added, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0097] A: 1.2 g of sodium xylene sulfonate was added to 100 ml of deionized water, and stirred at 250 rpm for 5 min to obtain a sodium xylene sulfonate solution, and 1.5 g of arginine, 2 g of ethyl acetate, and 4 g of konjac glucomannan were added, and stirred to obtain a mixed solution;

[0098] B: 2 g of cassava starch was added with 40 g of water, and gelatinized at 80° C. to obtain cassava starch paste, and after cooling, the mixture was added and stirred to obtain a grafting agent;

[0099] C: Inject the grafting promoter into the slice mold, dry it at 20°C for 3 hours, and demould to obtain a 2mm grafting promoter slice.

[0100] The method for raising seedlings by grafting thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum on different rootstocks in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0101] Comparative Example 3:

[0102] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that the preparation process of the grafting-promoting sheet is different, specifically, sodium xylene sulfonate is not added, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0103] A: 1.5 g of arginine was added to 100 ml of deionized water, and stirred at 250 rpm for 5 min to obtain an arginine solution. The solution was then heated to 70° C., 4 g of konjac glucomannan was added, and stirred to obtain a mixed solution.

[0104] B: 2 g of cassava starch was added to 40 g of water, and gelatinized at 80° C. During the gelatinization process, the mixture was added, and 1.5 g of calcium carbonate was added after mixing evenly, and the mixture was stirred evenly to obtain a grafting agent;

[0105] C: Inject the grafting promoter into the slice mold, dry it at 25°C for 3 hours, and demould to obtain a 2 mm grafting promoter slice.

[0106] The method for raising seedlings by grafting thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum on different rootstocks in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0107] Comparative Example 4:

[0108] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that the preparation process of the grafting-promoting sheet is different, specifically, arginine is not added, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0109] A: 1.2 g of sodium xylene sulfonate was added to 100 ml of deionized water, and stirred at 250 rpm for 5 min to obtain a sodium xylene sulfonate solution, and 2 g of ethyl acetate and 4 g of konjac glucomannan were added, and stirred to obtain a mixed solution;

[0110] B: 2g of cassava starch was added with 40g of water, and gelatinized at 80°C to obtain cassava starch paste. After cooling, the mixture and 1.5g of calcium carbonate were added, and the mixture was stirred to obtain a grafting agent;

[0111] C: Inject the grafting promoter into the slice mold, dry it at 20°C for 3 hours, and demould to obtain a 2mm grafting promoter slice.

[0112] The method for raising seedlings by grafting thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum on different rootstocks in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0113] Comparative Example 5:

[0114] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that the preparation process of the grafting-promoting slice is different, specifically, no cassava starch is added, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0115] A: 1.2 g of sodium xylene sulfonate was added to 100 ml of deionized water, and stirred at 250 rpm for 5 min to obtain a sodium xylene sulfonate solution, and 1.5 g of arginine, 2 g of ethyl acetate, 4 g of konjac glucomannan, and 1.5 g of calcium carbonate were added, and stirred to obtain a grafting agent;

[0116] B: Inject the grafting promoter into the slice mold, dry it at 20°C for 3 hours, and demould to obtain a 2mm grafting promoter slice.

[0117] The method for raising seedlings by grafting thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum on different rootstocks in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0118] Comparative Example 6:

[0119] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that a sodium alginate gel sheet is used for grafting, and the specific method is as follows:

[0120] A: 4 g of konjac glucomannan was mixed with 100 ml of ionized water to obtain a sodium alginate solution, and then the sodium alginate solution was mixed with a 4 wt % calcium chloride solution in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a grafting agent;

[0121] B: Inject the grafting promoter into the slice mold, dry it at 20°C for 3 hours, and demould to obtain a 2mm grafting promoter slice.

[0122] The method for raising seedlings by grafting thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum on different rootstocks in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0123] Blank control:

[0124] The blank control is compared with Example 1, the only difference being that no grafting-promoting sheet is used. The specific method is as follows:

[0125] (1) Cultivation of Dingtan Zanthoxylum bungeanum rootstock seedlings: In mid-to-late August, mature disease-resistant and drought-resistant Dingtan Zanthoxylum bungeanum fruit spikes were collected, and seeds were separated using a separator. The seeds were sterilized and sown in a seedbed. After 2 years of cultivation according to a conventional seedling raising method, 2-year-old Dingtan Zanthoxylum bungeanum seedlings with a ground diameter of 0.8 cm and good growth potential were selected as rootstock seedlings;

[0126] (2) Collection of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum scion: Select healthy, fully lignified or semi-lignified, disease-free, and insect-free thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum branches with a diameter of 0.4 cm as scions, trim the scions to a length of 5 cm, and trim the top and compound leaves of the scions to obtain scions for grafting;

[0127] (3) Grafting:

[0128] First grafting: The first grafting begins in late December

[0129] S1: Make an oblique cut 1 cm on the back of the first bud of the thornless green pepper scion, cut off one-third of the woody part, and the bevel is about 2 cm long. Then cut a small cut surface on the back of the bevel to slightly expose a small part of the woody part;

[0130] S2: Grafting was performed 5 cm from the ground of the rootstock. The middle and upper parts of the seedlings were cut off first, the thorns and leaves on the stems were removed, the rootstock was sectioned, and then a 2 cm vertical cut was made in the cortex with a slight xylem;

[0131] S3: Insert the scion into the cut of the rootstock, wrap it with plastic tape, clean the sprouts on the rootstock in time, and untie it after 25 days.

[0132] Second chip bud grafting: The second chip bud grafting is carried out on the same rootstock starting in late May.

[0133] S1: Take a wooden cube bud 1 cm above and below the scion bud and cut it close to the cambium to make it smooth;

[0134] S2: Grafting is performed at 8 cm from the rootstock ground, thorns and leaves on the seedling stem are removed, and the rootstock is smoothly cut into the size of the grafted bud;

[0135] S3: Place the scion close to the cut surface of the rootstock, align it and hold the rootstock on both sides. Fix the lower part of the scion with the left thumb on one side of the plastic bag, and tie it from bottom to top to prevent the plastic tape from loosening. Clean the sprouts on the rootstock in time and untie it after 25 days.

[0136] (5) Management after grafting: Apply 15 kg of farmyard manure per plant in mid-August every year after grafting. Weeding should be carried out three times a year and pest control measures should be taken.

[0137] Experiment 1:

[0138] Rootstock: Choose 2-year-old Zanthoxylum bungeanum seedlings with good growth potential and a ground diameter of 0.8 cm as the rootstock seedlings.

[0139] Scion: Choose healthy, fully lignified or semi-lignified, disease- and insect-free, thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum branches of the current year with a diameter of 0.4 cm as scion. Prune the scion to a length of 5 cm and trim the top and compound leaves of the scion.

[0140] Grafting-promoting slices: The implementation group 1 and the comparison groups 1-5 used the grafting-promoting slices prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-6, respectively, and the blank group did not use the grafting-promoting slices.

[0141] grafting:

[0142] First grafting: The first grafting begins in late December

[0143] S1: Make an oblique cut 1 cm on the back of the first bud of the thornless green pepper scion, cut off one-third of the woody part, and the bevel is about 2 cm long. Then cut a small cut surface on the back of the bevel to slightly expose a small part of the woody part;

[0144] S2: Grafting was performed 5 cm from the ground of the rootstock. The middle and upper parts of the seedlings were cut off first, the thorns and leaves on the stems were removed, the rootstock was sectioned, and then a 2 cm vertical cut was made in the cortex with a slight xylem;

[0145] S3: Insert the grafting sheet into the cut of the rootstock, completely close to the rootstock, then insert the scion into the cut of the rootstock, with the long inclined surface of the scion tightly fitting with the grafting sheet, and finally wrap it with plastic tape, clean the sprouts on the rootstock in time, and untie it after 25 days.

[0146] Second chip bud grafting: The second chip bud grafting is carried out on the same rootstock starting in late May.

[0147] S1: Take a wooden cube bud 1 cm above and below the scion bud and cut it close to the cambium to make it smooth;

[0148] S2: Grafting is performed at 8 cm from the rootstock ground, thorns and leaves on the seedling stem are removed, and the rootstock is smoothly cut into the size of the grafted bud;

[0149] S3: Place the grafting sheet close to the cut of the rootstock, then place the scion close to the top of the grafting sheet, align them and hold the rootstock on both sides, fix the lower part of the scion with the left thumb on one side of the plastic bag, and tie it from bottom to top to prevent the plastic tape from loosening. Clean the sprouts on the rootstock in time and untie them after 25 days.

[0150] Eight experimental fields of equal size were set up. Each experimental group selected 100 rootstocks for grafting, and repeated three times. The number of surviving stocks was counted on the 30th day after grafting, and the survival rate was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1:

[0151] Table 1

[0152]

[0153]

[0154] Analyzing Table 1, we can get:

[0155] 1. Compared with Example 1, ethyl acetate was not added in comparison group 1, and the survival rate of grafting was low. This is because ethyl acetate can be slowly hydrolyzed to generate acetic acid and react with calcium carbonate evenly distributed in the grafting thin slice, and the calcium carbonate in comparison group 1 cannot be consumed to generate pores, resulting in a relatively slow material transport between stock and scion, which leads to a relatively low grafting survival rate. Compared with implementation group 1, comparison group 2 did not add calcium carbonate, and the rate of starting material exchange between stock and scion was relatively slow, and the grafting thin slice could not establish a channel for material transmission between stock and scion in time, resulting in the transportation of nutrients and water being blocked, and the scion was inactivated, resulting in a decrease in grafting survival rate. Compared with implementation group 1, cassava starch was not added in comparison group 5, and the degradation rate of grafting thin slice was relatively slow, and the formation of plasmodesmata between stock and scion was hindered to a certain extent, resulting in the vascular bundle bridge between stock and scion not being able to be connected quickly, resulting in the material exchange between stock and scion being affected, and the survival rate decreased.

[0156] 2. Compared with implementation group 1, control group 3 did not add sodium xylene sulfonate, which promoted the cross-linking of the grafting sheet and had a higher density. The diffusion resistance of the substance in the grafting sheet was larger, resulting in a slower transport rate between the rootstock and the scion, which led to a lower survival rate.

[0157] 3. Compared with implementation group 1, control group 4 did not add arginine, and the cell activity at the grafting site was lower and the differentiation ability was poorer, resulting in slower callus production and reduced grafting survival rate.

[0158] 4. Comparative group 6 used sodium alginate gel sheets for grafting, and the grafting survival rate was low. This was because the sodium alginate gel sheet was attached between the rootstock and the scion, and the degradation rate was slow, and the material transport rate was slow, which made it difficult for the rootstock and the scion to communicate, thereby reducing the grafting survival rate.

[0159] 5. Compared with the implementation group 1, the blank group did not use the grafting-promoting sheet, and the grafting survival rate was lower. This is because the cambium of Zanthoxylum bungeanum is thinner, the rootstock and the scion are not completely fitted, and the nutrient transportation between the rootstock and the scion is difficult, resulting in a low grafting survival rate.

[0160] Experiment 2:

[0161] In order to detect the effect of grafting-promoting slices on the material transport between rootstock and scion, the same amount of tracer 6(5)CF was injected into the rootstock of implementation group 1 and comparison groups 1-6 after the first grafting, and the time after which 6(5)CF could be detected from the scion was observed. The results are shown in Table 2:

[0162] Table 2

[0163] Time (d) Implementation Group 1 6 Comparison group 1 9 Comparison group 2 9 Comparison group 3 8 Comparison group 4 7 Comparison group 5 9 Comparative Example 6 11

[0164] Analyzing Table 2, we can get:

[0165] 1. Compared with implementation group 1, control group 1 did not add ethyl acetate, and the calcium carbonate in the grafting sheet was not reacted, resulting in a slow material transport rate between the rootstock and the scion. The presence of 6(5)CF could not be detected in the scion until 9 days. Control group 2 did not add calcium carbonate, and the material transport channel could not be quickly established, resulting in a slow rate of material exchange between the rootstock and the scion, and a longer transmission time of 6(5)CF. Compared with implementation group 1, control group 5 did not add cassava starch, and the degradation rate of the grafting sheet was slower, resulting in a longer time for 6(5)CF to be transported to the scion.

[0166] 2. In comparison group 3, sodium xylene sulfonate was not added, the degree of cross-linking of the grafting-promoting sheet was relatively high, and the transport of substances in the grafting-promoting sheet was relatively slow, resulting in a longer time for 6(5)CF to be transferred to the scion, and it took a longer time to detect 6(5)CF in the scion.

[0167] 3. Comparative group 6 used sodium alginate gel sheets. The degradation rate of sodium alginate gel sheets was slow, resulting in a longer time for 6(5)CF to be transferred to the scion. Therefore, it took a longer time to detect 6(5)CF from the scion.

[0168] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention. The techniques, shapes, and structural parts not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies.

Claims

1. A method for grafting seedlings of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum, characterized in that: The method is as follows: (1) Cultivation of Dingtan Zanthoxylum bungeanum rootstock seedlings: Select 2-year-old disease-resistant, drought-resistant, and well-growing Dingtan Zanthoxylum bungeanum large green pepper seedlings as rootstocks; (2) Collection of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum scion: Select the thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum branches of the current year as scion, trim the top and compound leaves of the scion, and obtain the scion for grafting; (3) Grafting: On the same rootstock, the first branch grafting is completed in late December to late February, and the second chip bud grafting is completed in late May to early July; (5) Management after grafting: Fertilize and weed after the graft is successful.

2. The method for grafting seedlings of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (2), the scion is trimmed to a length of 5-6 cm.

3. The method for grafting seedlings of a thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum cross-root according to claim 2, characterized in that: The operation of the first grafting in step (3) is: S1: Make an oblique cut 1-2 cm on the back of the first bud of the thornless green pepper scion, cut off one-third of the woody part, and the bevel is about 2-3 cm long. Then cut a small cut surface on the back of the bevel to slightly expose a small part of the woody part. S2: Grafting is performed at a position where the stock is 5-8 cm above the ground. First, the middle and upper parts of the seedlings are cut off, the thorns and leaves on the stems are removed, the stock is sectioned, and then a 2 cm vertical cut is made inside the cortex with a slight amount of wood; S3: Insert the grafting sheet into the cut of the rootstock, completely close to the rootstock, then insert the scion into the cut of the rootstock, with the long inclined surface of the scion tightly fitting with the grafting sheet, and finally wrap it with plastic tape, clean the sprouts on the rootstock in time, and untie it after 25-35 days.

4. The method for grafting seedlings of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum on different rootstocks according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second chip budding operation in step (3) is as follows: S1: Take a wooden cube bud 1-1.5cm above and below the scion bud, and cut it close to the cambium to make it smooth; S2: Graft at 8-10cm above the ground, remove the thorns and leaves on the seedling stem, and cut the rootstock smoothly to the size of the grafted bud. S3: Place the grafting sheet close to the cut of the rootstock, then place the scion close to the top of the grafting sheet, align them and hold the rootstock on both sides, fix the lower part of the scion with the left thumb on one side of the plastic bag, and tie it from bottom to top to prevent the plastic tape from loosening. Clean the sprouts on the rootstock in time and untie them after 25-35 days.

5. A method for grafting seedlings of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum on different rootstocks according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The grafting-promoting slice comprises the following raw materials: konjac glucomannan, calcium carbonate, ethyl acetate, sodium xylene sulfonate, arginine and cassava starch.

6. The method for grafting seedlings of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum on different rootstocks according to claim 5, characterized in that: The raw material ratios of the grafting-promoting slices are as follows: the mass ratios of konjac glucomannan, calcium carbonate, ethyl acetate, sodium xylene sulfonate, arginine and cassava starch are as follows: (4-5): (1.5-2): (2-2.5): (1.2-1.5): (1.5-1.8): (2-3).

7. The method for grafting seedlings of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum on different rootstocks according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preparation method of the grafting-promoting sheet is as follows: A: sodium xylene sulfonate was added to deionized water, and stirred at 250-350 rpm for 5-10 min to obtain a sodium xylene sulfonate solution, and arginine, ethyl acetate, and konjac glucomannan were added, and stirred to obtain a mixed solution; B: adding water to cassava starch, gelatinizing at 80-90° C. to obtain cassava starch paste, cooling the mixture and adding calcium carbonate, stirring evenly to obtain a grafting agent; C: Inject the grafting promoting agent into the slice mold, dry it at 20-25°C for 3-4 hours, and demould to obtain the grafting promoting slice.

8. The method for grafting thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum on different rootstocks according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mass ratio of tapioca starch to water in step B is 1:

20.

9. The method for grafting seedlings of thornless Zanthoxylum bungeanum on different rootstocks according to claim 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the grafting-promoting sheet is 2-3 mm.

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