Fungus cultivation bottle cap, fungus cultivation bottle, fungus production line and application

Abstract

The invention relates to a fungus cultivation bottle cap, a fungus cultivation bottle and a fungus production line. The opening area of the fungus cultivation bottle cap can be adjusted, the fungus cultivation bottle cap comprises an upper cap, a middle cap and a lower cap, and the upper cap comprises at least one arc surface. The fungus cultivation bottle comprises a fungus cultivation bottle cap and a bottle body, and the middle part of the bottle body in the vertical direction is provided with an inward contraction structure. The fungus production line comprises a fungus cultivation bottle and an opening operation device for adjusting the opening area of the fungus cultivation bottle. The invention further relates to application of the fungus cultivation bottle in fungus cultivation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a mushroom cultivation bottle cap, a mushroom cultivation bottle, a mushroom production line and uses, and in particular to a mushroom cultivation bottle cap for edible mushrooms, a mushroom cultivation bottle, a mushroom production line and uses. Background Art

[0002] At present, the cultivation of fungi, especially edible fungi, has adopted a factory production model, that is, a large number of cultivation containers of the same shape are used to cultivate fungi at the same time. The cultivation operation includes the following steps: preparing culture materials, loading the culture materials into the cultivation containers, sterilizing the culture materials loaded into the cultivation containers by high temperature and high pressure treatment, inoculating the sterilized culture materials with bacteria, primary culture, secondary culture, scratching (removing the cover), fruiting, harvesting and grading, etc. With the development of automated production, more and more cultivation containers use cultivation bottles with fixed shapes (different from cultivation bags with unfixed shapes, etc.), the cultivation bottles include a bottle body and a bottle cap, the bottle cap includes an opening and a filter medium covering the opening, the gas enters the interior of the cultivation bottle through the opening and the filter medium, and the waste gas generated during the cultivation of fungi is also discharged from the interior of the cultivation bottle through the filter medium.

[0003] In the prior art, there are various types of cultivation bottles to meet different needs. For example, Chinese invention patent application CN202010303301.7 (application publication number CN111328637 A) discloses an edible fungus cultivation bottle and a fungus cultivation bottle cap, wherein the fungus cultivation bottle cap is divided into an upper and lower cover, and the upper and lower covers are respectively provided with vents to form a ventilation structure in the upper and lower directions, and the air filter is arranged in the path of the ventilation structure. Based on the ventilation structure of the fungus cultivation bottle cap, the cultivation bottle has good air permeability, can effectively promote nutrient conversion, shorten the mushroom cultivation time, and improve the yield and quality of edible fungi.

[0004] With the continuous development of the edible fungus industry, practitioners always hope to continuously improve their cultivation process to meet the ever-increasing market demand. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the fungus cultivation process, the present invention now provides a fungus cultivation bottle cap, comprising: an upper cap, a middle cap, and a lower cap;

[0006] The upper cover is hollow, comprising: an arc top and an upper cover body arranged below the arc top; the arc top comprises at least one arc surface; wherein the arc top and the bottom surface of the upper cover body are provided with downwardly facing openings, and the opening of the arc top is in gas communication with the opening of the upper cover body;

[0007] The middle cover is arranged below the upper cover and is rotatably connected to the upper cover, and comprises: a base, an opening arranged on the top surface of the base, a top flange extending upward from the top surface of the base, and a bottom flange extending downward from the bottom surface of the base; wherein the bottom surface of the upper cover body and the top surface of the base constitute an opening adjustment mechanism, and the opening adjustment mechanism can adjust the opening area for gas to pass through by overlapping / partially overlapping / non-overlapping the opening of the upper cover body and the opening of the base;

[0008] The lower cover is in a disc-shaped form, arranged below the middle cover, and is detachably and airtightly connected to the middle cover, comprising: ventilation holes and a filter medium fixing mechanism that penetrate the lower cover in the vertical direction; during the bacteria cultivation process, the filter medium fixing mechanism is used to keep the filter medium (such as filter cotton, filter gauze, etc.) in the lower cover and completely cover all the ventilation holes, so that the gas passing through the bottle cap of the fungus cultivation bottle always passes through the filter medium.

[0009] The mushroom cultivation bottle cap of the present invention has a circular arc surface, which increases the internal volume of the bottle cap. In the process of cultivating bacteria, the gas passing through the bottle cap can be more buffered. This is conducive to maintaining a stable environment for cultivating bacteria. In addition, in the process of sterilizing and heating the culture material loaded into the cultivation container, the circular arc surface is also conducive to the discharge of the heat-expanded gas from the bottle, thereby preventing the cultivation bottle from being deformed by heat.

[0010] The mushroom cultivation bottle cap of the present invention also has an opening adjustment mechanism, which can provide two advantageous technical effects. In the sterilization stage, the opening adjustment mechanism adjusts the opening area to the maximum, which is conducive to the diffusion of the gas after sterilization and is conducive to cooling. In the bacteria cultivation stage, the opening area is adjusted in time to ensure that the mushrooms are cultivated under the best ventilation conditions. Specifically, the opening area can be adjusted according to the different requirements for oxygen in different bacteria cultivation periods, so that the bacteria can maintain the maximum activity or growth at different times, shortening the production cycle.

[0011] The present invention also provides a fungus cultivation bottle, comprising

[0012] A mushroom cultivation bottle cap as described above, and

[0013] The bottle body is in the shape of a container with an open top and is detachably and airtightly connected to the bottle cap of the fungus cultivation bottle; wherein the middle part of the bottle body in the vertical direction has an inwardly contracted structure.

[0014] The bottle body of the mushroom cultivation bottle of the present invention has an inward contraction structure, so that when the cultivation bottles are densely placed in factory production, there are still gaps between the bottle bodies. This increases the air flow rate between the bottles, enables faster heating and cooling, and shortens the production cycle.

[0015] The present invention also provides a fungus production line, comprising

[0016] A mushroom cultivation bottle as described above, and

[0017] An opening operating device is used to operate the opening adjustment mechanism of the fungus cultivation bottle to control the opening area.

[0018] The mushroom production line of the present invention is provided with an opening operation device, which can control the opening area of ​​the mushroom cultivation bottle as required during the continuous production process, thereby improving the production efficiency.

[0019] The present invention also provides use of the fungus cultivation bottle described above in fungus cultivation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A perspective view showing an embodiment of a mushroom cultivation bottle of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 Exploded view of the fungus cultivation bottle shown.

[0022] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 The three-dimensional upper cover of the mushroom cultivation bottle shown Figure 1 .

[0023] Figure 4 Shows Figure 1 The three-dimensional upper cover of the mushroom cultivation bottle shown Figure 2 .

[0024] Figure 5 Shows Figure 1 The cross-sectional view of the upper cover of the fungus cultivation bottle shown is cut along a vertical plane.

[0025] Figure 6 Shows Figure 1 The three-dimensional view of the middle cover of the mushroom cultivation bottle shown Figure 1 .

[0026] Figure 7 Shows Figure 1 The three-dimensional view of the middle cover of the mushroom cultivation bottle shown Figure 2 .

[0027] Figure 8 Shows Figure 1 The three-dimensional image of the lower cover of the mushroom cultivation bottle shown Figure 1 .

[0028] Fig. 9 Shows Figure 1 The three-dimensional image of the lower cover of the mushroom cultivation bottle shown Figure 2 .

[0029] Fig.10 Shows Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of the bottle body of the fungus cultivation bottle shown.

[0030] Fig.11 A perspective view showing an embodiment of a mushroom production line of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In the present invention, the positioning of each component is described according to the positioning in the use state; it can be understood that, in the non-use state, each component can be stored in other positioning.

[0032] In the present invention, although sometimes described in conjunction with the cultivation of edible fungi, the present invention can also be used for the cultivation of other fungi.

[0033] The present invention now provides a mushroom cultivation bottle cap, comprising: an upper cap, a middle cap, and a lower cap;

[0034] The upper cover is hollow, comprising: an arc top and an upper cover body arranged below the arc top; the arc top comprises at least one arc surface; wherein the arc top and the bottom surface of the upper cover body are provided with downwardly facing openings, and the opening of the arc top is in gas communication with the opening of the upper cover body;

[0035] The middle cover is arranged below the upper cover and is rotatably connected to the upper cover, and comprises: a base, an opening arranged on the top surface of the base, a top flange extending upward from the top surface of the base, and a bottom flange extending downward from the bottom surface of the base; wherein the bottom surface of the upper cover body and the top surface of the base constitute an opening adjustment mechanism, and the opening adjustment mechanism can adjust the opening area for gas to pass through by overlapping / partially overlapping / non-overlapping the opening of the upper cover body and the opening of the base;

[0036] The lower cover is in a disc-shaped form, arranged below the middle cover, and is detachably and airtightly connected to the middle cover, comprising: ventilation holes and a filter medium fixing mechanism that penetrate the lower cover in the vertical direction; during the bacteria cultivation process, the filter medium fixing mechanism is used to keep the filter medium (such as filter cotton, filter gauze, etc.) in the lower cover and completely cover all the ventilation holes, so that the gas passing through the bottle cap of the fungus cultivation bottle always passes through the filter medium.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the mushroom cultivation bottle cap of the present invention, a rib structure is provided inside the arc top, and the rib structure is used to enhance the strength of the arc top and / or to guide the gas passing through the upper cover. More preferably, the rib structure has a radial structure that is inclined downward, which can effectively guide the gas through the upper cover.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment of the mushroom cultivation bottle cap of the present invention, a friction feature is also provided on the arc surface of the arc top, and the friction feature increases the friction coefficient of the arc surface, so that the upper cover can be rotated more easily. More preferably, the friction feature is a convex point, a corrugation, or a knurling.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment of the mushroom cultivation bottle cap of the present invention, the opening of the upper cover body and the opening of the base are fan-shaped openings. More preferably, the opening of the upper cover body and the opening of the base are multiple fan-shaped openings evenly distributed along the circumference. The design of multiple fan-shaped openings has a larger opening area, which improves the gas exchange efficiency.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the mushroom cultivation bottle cap of the present invention, an intermittent circumferential positioning mechanism is also provided on the bottom surface of the upper cover body and the top surface of the base, and the intermittent circumferential positioning mechanism enables the rotation position between the upper cover and the middle cover to be switched at least between a fully open position, a transition position and a fully closed position. Wherein, the fully open position refers to a position where the opening of the upper cover body and the opening of the base are completely overlapped. The fully closed position refers to a position where the opening of the upper cover body and the opening of the base do not overlap. The transition position refers to a position where the opening of the upper cover body and the opening of the base partially overlap. Preferably, the transition position is a plurality of positions between the fully open position and the fully closed position. In this way, the opening area can be adjusted to suit different strains and / or fungus cultivation stages. Preferably, the opening area of ​​the transition position is half of that of the fully open position. More preferably, the intermittent circumferential positioning mechanism includes a convex portion provided on the bottom surface of the upper cover body and a concave portion provided on the top surface of the base, and the convex portion is selectively combined with a part of the concave portion to achieve the switching of the rotation position. Even more preferably, identifications, such as color identifications or shape identifications, can be provided on the upper cover and the middle cover for identifying the rotational position between the upper cover and the middle cover.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment of the mushroom cultivation bottle cap of the present invention, the filter medium fixing mechanism includes filter medium supporting ribs arranged on the top surface of the lower cover, and the filter medium supporting ribs extend in the vertical direction for supporting the filter medium.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment of the mushroom cultivation bottle cap of the present invention, the filter medium fixing mechanism includes two mesh structures, and the two mesh structures can sandwich the filter medium therebetween. In this way, during the sterilization of the culture medium loaded into the cultivation container (achieved by heating), inoculation of bacteria on the sterilized culture medium, primary bacteria cultivation, and secondary bacteria cultivation, even if the gas flow through the opening passes through the filter medium in a repeated pulsed flow, the filter medium can maintain its structural integrity, avoiding the influence of the bacteria filtration effect due to the partial damage of its structure.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment of the mushroom cultivation bottle cap of the present invention, the middle cap is further provided with a gas diversion portion extending downward from the base, the gas diversion portion includes a gas diversion hole provided on the side of the gas diversion portion, and the gas diversion hole is in gas communication with the opening of the base. When in use, the gas diversion portion can evenly divert the gas entering the opening of the base to the filter surface of the filter medium.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment of the mushroom cultivation bottle cap of the present invention, the lower cover is a plurality of lower covers with different vent hole sizes. Before use, the technician can select one of the lower covers to be detachably and airtightly connected to the middle cover according to the ventilation requirements (for example, different strains of bacteria).

[0045] The present invention also provides a fungus cultivation bottle, comprising:

[0046] A mushroom cultivation bottle cap as described above, and

[0047] The bottle body is in the shape of a container with an open top and is detachably and airtightly connected to the bottle cap of the fungus cultivation bottle; wherein the middle part of the bottle body in the vertical direction has an inwardly contracted structure.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the mushroom cultivation bottle of the present invention, the bottle body is in the shape of a hollow cylinder or a cube, preferably a hollow cylinder. Accordingly, the top opening is circular or square, preferably circular. The shape and size of the top opening are consistent with the shape and size of the horizontal cross section inside the bottle body; in other words, the shape and size of the horizontal cross section inside the bottle body continue to the opening and become the shape and size of the top opening.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the mushroom cultivation bottle of the present invention, the inward contraction structure of the bottle body occupies 1 / 10 to 9 / 10 of the height of the bottle body. Such an appearance is particularly suitable for industrial production using a large number of cultivation bottles. When a large number of cultivation bottles are used at the same time, the cultivation bottles are densely arranged with each other, and the inward contraction structure of the cultivation bottles allows them to form gaps between each other, which is convenient for gas circulation, especially for cooling during the cultivation stage, to avoid excessive temperature and reduce the activity of the strains. Preferably, at least 1 / 10, preferably 1 / 10 to 3 / 10 of the lower part of the bottle body in the vertical direction does not have the inward contraction structure, so as to expand the volume of the bottom as much as possible and increase the filling amount of the culture material. Preferably, according to the cross-section in the horizontal direction, the contraction amount of the inward contraction structure is 1 / 100 to 1 / 30 of 1 / 2 of the width of the bottle body. The contraction amount of the inward contraction structure in the vertical direction can be the same, but preferably different, so that a concave-convex shape can be formed, the external surface is increased, and the heat exchange inside and outside the bottle body is further promoted.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment of the mushroom cultivation bottle of the present invention, the top outer edge of the bottle body has ridges, or other structures, such as external threads, for achieving a detachable airtight connection with the mushroom cultivation bottle cap.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment of the mushroom cultivation bottle of the present invention, an inward-inclined structure, preferably a chamfered structure, is provided at the junction of the bottom and side surfaces of the bottle body. The inward-inclined structure is conducive to promoting hyphae to cover the entire mushroom cultivation bottle.

[0052] During the sterilization (achieved by heating) of the culture medium loaded into the fungus cultivation bottle, it is hoped that the gas in the bottle can be discharged as quickly as possible; and during the primary bacterial cultivation process after inoculating the sterilized culture medium with bacteria, the required gas exchange amount in the bottle is not large, and at the same time, it is not desired to introduce pollution due to excessive amount of external gas; when the cultivation process reaches the secondary bacterial cultivation, it is hoped that the gas exchange amount in the bottle will be maximized. The fungus cultivation bottle cap and fungus cultivation bottle of the present invention have an arc top and an opening adjustment mechanism. Among them, the arc top creates a stable gas environment and facilitates the discharge of gas (along the arc surface). The opening adjustment mechanism can adjust the opening area accordingly according to the step (such as sterilization, primary bacterial cultivation, secondary bacterial cultivation).

[0053] In actual use, the mushroom cultivation bottle cap of the present invention can be used in conjunction with a known bottle body or a bottle body prepared as required, as long as the two can be combined into one. Therefore, the mushroom cultivation bottle cap can be used as an independent product, combined with a corresponding bottle body, for mushroom cultivation.

[0054] In order to make full use of the mushroom cultivation bottle of the present invention, especially in the mushroom cultivation process, in the sterilization of the culture medium loaded into the cultivation container, the primary bacteria cultivation, and the secondary bacteria cultivation steps, the gas exchange amount between the inside and outside of the bottle body can be better controlled, and the effect of the mushroom cultivation bottle of the present invention can be fully utilized, the present invention also provides a mushroom production line, including:

[0055] A mushroom cultivation bottle as described above, and

[0056] An opening operating device is used to operate the opening adjustment mechanism of the fungus cultivation bottle to control the opening area.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment of the mushroom production line of the present invention, the opening operation device can move in the vertical direction so that the operating end of the opening operation device, such as a rotating head, can be combined with the upper cover of the mushroom cultivation bottle.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment of the mushroom production line of the present invention, it further comprises a conveying system, such as a conveyor belt, which is capable of moving the mushroom cultivation bottle into and out of the operating position of the opening operation device.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment of the mushroom production line of the present invention, it also includes a cultivation bottle box, and a plurality of mushroom cultivation bottles, such as 4, 8, or 12 mushroom cultivation bottles, are arranged in the cultivation bottle box as a group, and the opening operation device can operate all the mushroom cultivation bottles in the cultivation bottle box at one time.

[0060] During the fungus cultivation process, the opening area of ​​the opening can be controlled in time to ensure that the fungus cultivation is achieved under the best ventilation conditions. For example, during the sterilization process of the culture medium loaded into the fungus cultivation bottle, as the heating begins, the opening operation device adjusts the opening area to the maximum to promote the rapid discharge of the gas in the bottle; after the sterilization is completed, during the cooling process, the opening area is reduced to ensure that the amount of external gas entering the bottle is small, reducing the chance of introducing pollution until the first-level fungus cultivation is completed, because the oxygen demand during the first-level fungus cultivation process is low; when the second-level fungus cultivation step begins, the anti-pollution ability of the fungus in the bottle has been improved, and at the same time, the oxygen demand during the fungus growth process is also large. At this time, the opening area is adjusted to the maximum again to give full play to the potential of the equipment.

[0061] In various devices of the present invention, such components can be made of ceramic, metal, quartz, glass, heat-resistant plastic, etc., preferably transparent materials; and made by common molding and processing techniques, such as common glass processing and plastic molding techniques. Considering the cost, especially the need for repeated use, plastic materials are preferred.

[0062] The present invention also provides a use of a fungus cultivation bottle in fungus cultivation, including:

[0063] --Prepare the mushroom cultivation bottles as described above;

[0064] --Filling the culture medium into the bottle body of the fungus cultivation bottle, and then sealing the bottle body with a fungus cultivation bottle cap;

[0065] --Adjust the opening area of ​​the cap of the mushroom cultivation bottle to the maximum, and then sterilize the culture medium loaded therein (preferably by heating);

[0066] --Remove the cap of the mushroom cultivation bottle and inoculate the sterilized culture medium with bacteria;

[0067] - Seal the bottle body with the mushroom cultivation bottle cap, and adjust the opening area of ​​the mushroom cultivation bottle cap to be partially open to start primary mushroom cultivation;

[0068] --After the first-level bacteria cultivation is completed, the opening area of ​​the bottle cap of the fungus cultivation bottle is adjusted to the maximum, and the second-level bacteria cultivation is started.

[0069] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that after the method of the present invention is completed, it can be followed by operations such as scratching the mushrooms (removing the caps), fruiting, harvesting and grading as needed.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment of the use of the mushroom cultivation bottle of the present invention in mushroom cultivation, the mushroom cultivation is carried out in a factory mode, that is, the mushroom cultivation is carried out with a plurality of the mushroom cultivation bottles at the same time. In this case, during the cooling process after sterilization, the inward contraction structure of the middle part of the mushroom cultivation bottle in the vertical direction is utilized to form a gap between the bottles, and cold air is introduced between the mushroom cultivation bottles by forced ventilation to accelerate the reduction of the temperature in the mushroom cultivation bottles; this is also particularly suitable for the temperature control in the bottle during the mushroom cultivation process.

[0071] Obviously, the mushroom cultivation bottle and mushroom production line of the present invention are suitable for mushroom cultivation.

[0072] Specific embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; however, the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments.

[0073] Figure 1 FIG. 2 shows a stereoscopic view of an embodiment of a mushroom cultivation bottle of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the mushroom cultivation bottle is represented by reference symbol 100 as a whole. The mushroom cultivation bottle 100 includes: an upper cover 101, a middle cover 102, a lower cover 103 and a bottle body 104. The upper cover 101, the middle cover 102, the lower cover 103 and the bottle body 104 are concentrically arranged, and the upper cover 101, the middle cover 102 and the lower cover 103 together constitute the bottle cap of the mushroom cultivation bottle.

[0074] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 The exploded view of the fungus cultivation bottle shown in Figure 1 is shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 As shown, the filter medium 200 is held in the lower cover 103, between the middle cover 102 and the lower cover 103. It should be understood that Figure 2 The purpose of is to show the arrangement position of the filter medium 200 when the mushroom cultivation bottle 100 is in use, and the filter medium 200 can be taken out or replaced according to demand. In other words, the filter medium 200 is not an essential component of the mushroom cultivation bottle 100.

[0075] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 The three-dimensional upper cover of the mushroom cultivation bottle shown Figure 1 .like Figure 3 As shown, the upper cover 101 includes: an arc top 101-A and an upper cover body 101-B arranged below the arc top 101-A. The arc top 101-A is in the form of a hemispherical body, including a hemispherical surface.

[0076] Figure 4 Shows Figure 1 The three-dimensional upper cover of the mushroom cultivation bottle shown Figure 2 .like Figure 4 As shown,

[0077] The bottom surface of the arc top 101-A is provided with a downward facing fan-shaped opening 101-D, and the bottom surface of the upper cover body 101-B is provided with a downward facing fan-shaped opening 101-E, and the fan-shaped opening 101-D is gas-connected with the fan-shaped opening 101-E. The side of the upper cover body 101-B is provided with a convex ridge 101-C, and the bottom surface of the upper cover body 101-B is also provided with a convex portion 101-F.

[0078] Figure 5 Shows Figure 1 The cross-sectional view of the upper cover of the fungus cultivation bottle shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, a rib structure 101-G is also provided inside the arc top 101-A, and the rib structure 101-G enhances the strength of the arc top 101-A. In addition, the rib structure 101-G has radial side wings that are inclined downward, which can effectively guide the gas to pass through the upper cover 101.

[0079] Figure 6 Shows Figure 1 The three-dimensional view of the middle cover of the mushroom cultivation bottle shown Figure 1 .like Figure 6As shown, the middle cover 102 includes: a base 102-A, a top flange 102-B extending upward from the top surface of the base 102-A, and a bottom flange 102-C extending downward from the bottom surface of the base 102-A. The top flange 102-B is also provided with a groove 102-D, and the groove 102-D is connected to the bottom surface of the base 102-A. Figure 4 The ridge 101-C shown in the figure constitutes a rotatable connection between the upper cover and the middle cover. The middle cover 102 includes a fan-shaped opening 102-E arranged on the top surface of the base 102-A, and the fan-shaped opening 102-E is connected to the middle cover 102-A. Figure 4 The fan-shaped opening 101-E shown in the figure constitutes an opening adjustment mechanism. The middle cover 102 also includes a recessed portion 102-F arranged on the top surface of the base 102-A. Figure 4 The convex portion 101 -F shown in the figure is selectively combined with a portion of the concave portion 102 -F to achieve intermittent circumferential positioning.

[0080] Figure 7 Shows Figure 1 The three-dimensional view of the middle cover of the mushroom cultivation bottle shown Figure 2 .like Figure 7 As shown, the middle cover 102 is also provided with a gas diversion portion 102-G extending downward from the base 102-A, and the gas diversion portion 102-G includes a gas diversion hole 102-H provided on the side of the gas diversion portion 102-G, and the gas diversion hole 102-H is connected to the gas diversion hole 102-H. Figure 6 The fan-shaped opening 102-E shown in FIG. 1 is connected to the gas.

[0081] Figure 8 Shows Figure 1 The three-dimensional image of the lower cover of the mushroom cultivation bottle shown Figure 1 .like Figure 8 As shown, the lower cover 103 is in a disc-shaped form, including: a vent hole 103-A that passes through the lower cover 103 in the vertical direction and a filter medium support rib 103-B arranged on the top surface of the lower cover 103. The filter medium support rib 103-B is connected to the filter medium support rib 103-B. Figure 7 The gas channeling portion 102-G shown in the figure constitutes a filter medium fixing mechanism, which keeps the filter medium in the lower cover 103 and completely covers all the ventilation holes 103-A. Fig. 9 Shows Figure 1 The three-dimensional image of the lower cover of the mushroom cultivation bottle shown Figure 2 .like Fig. 9 As shown, the bottom surface of the lower cover 103 is also provided with an internal thread 103 -C.

[0082] It should be understood that, although not shown in the above figure, threads for achieving an airtight threaded connection are also provided between the middle cover and the lower cover.

[0083] Fig.10 Shows Figure 1The three-dimensional picture of the bottle body of the fungus cultivation bottle shown in FIG. Fig.10 As shown, the bottle body 104 is in the form of a cylinder with an open top, including: an inward contraction structure 104-A in the middle portion in the vertical direction and a chamfered structure 104-B at the junction of the bottom surface and the side surface of the bottle body 104. It should be understood that although Fig.10 As not shown in the figure, the bottle mouth of the bottle body 104 is also provided with an external thread. Fig. 9 The internal thread 103-C shown in the figure is combined to achieve an airtight threaded connection between the bottle body and the lower cover.

[0084] Fig.11 A stereogram of an embodiment of a mushroom production line of the present invention is shown. Fig.11 As shown, the mushroom production line includes: mushroom cultivation bottles 100, cultivation bottle material box 300, opening operation device 400, and conveyor belt 500. Among them, 12 mushroom cultivation bottles 100 are arranged in a group in the cultivation bottle material box 300, and the opening operation device 400 is arranged on a bracket (not shown) that can move in the vertical direction, and has a rotating head corresponding to the mushroom cultivation bottle 100. In the operating position, the opening operation device 400 moves downward, and the rotating head is combined with the upper cover of the mushroom cultivation bottle 100, so that the opening area of ​​12 mushroom cultivation bottles 100 can be adjusted at the same time. The conveyor belt 500 is arranged under the cultivation bottle material box 300, and can move the mushroom cultivation bottle 100 into and out of the operating position of the opening operation device 400.

[0085] While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments, it will be recognized by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fungus cultivation bottle cap, characterized in that: include: An upper cover, a middle cover, and a lower cover; The upper cover is hollow, comprising: an arc top and an upper cover body arranged below the arc top; the arc top comprises at least one arc surface; wherein the arc top and the bottom surface of the upper cover body are provided with downwardly facing openings, and the opening of the arc top is in gas communication with the opening of the upper cover body; The middle cover is arranged below the upper cover and is rotatably connected to the upper cover, and comprises: a base, an opening arranged on the top surface of the base, a top flange extending upward from the top surface of the base, and a bottom flange extending downward from the bottom surface of the base; wherein the bottom surface of the upper cover body and the top surface of the base constitute an opening adjustment mechanism, and the opening adjustment mechanism can adjust the opening area for gas to pass through by overlapping / partially overlapping / non-overlapping the opening of the upper cover body and the opening of the base; The lower cover is in a disc-shaped form, arranged below the middle cover, and is detachably and airtightly connected to the middle cover, comprising: ventilation holes and a filter medium fixing mechanism that vertically penetrate the lower cover; during the bacteria cultivation process, the filter medium fixing mechanism is used to keep the filter medium in the lower cover and completely cover all the ventilation holes, thereby ensuring that the gas passing through the bottle cap of the fungus cultivation bottle always passes through the filter medium.

2. The mushroom cultivation bottle cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rib structure is provided inside the top of the circular arc, and the rib structure is used to enhance the strength of the top of the circular arc and / or to guide the gas passing through the upper cover.

3. The mushroom cultivation bottle cap according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: An intermittent circumferential positioning mechanism is also provided on the bottom surface of the upper cover body and the top surface of the base, and the intermittent circumferential positioning mechanism enables the rotational position between the upper cover and the middle cover to be switched at least between a fully open position, a transition position and a fully closed position.

4. The mushroom cultivation bottle cap according to claim 3, characterized in that: The intermittent circumferential positioning mechanism includes a convex portion arranged on the bottom surface of the upper cover body and a concave portion arranged on the top surface of the base, and the convex portion is selectively combined with a part of the concave portion to achieve the switching of the rotation position.

5. The mushroom cultivation bottle cap according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The filter medium fixing mechanism includes two mesh structures, and the two mesh structures can sandwich the filter medium therebetween.

6. A fungus cultivation bottle, characterized in that: include: The mushroom cultivation bottle cap according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and The bottle body is in the shape of a container with an open top and is detachably and airtightly connected to the bottle cap of the fungus cultivation bottle; wherein the middle part of the bottle body in the vertical direction has an inwardly contracted structure.

7. The fungus cultivation bottle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inwardly contracted structure of the bottle body occupies 1 / 10 to 9 / 10 of the height of the bottle body, and at least 1 / 10 of the lower part of the bottle body in the vertical direction does not have the inwardly contracted structure.

8. The fungus cultivation bottle according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: An inward-inclined structure is arranged at the junction of the bottom surface and the side surface of the bottle body.

9. A fungus production line, characterized in that: include: The mushroom cultivation bottle according to any one of claims 6 to 8, and An opening operating device is used to operate the opening adjustment mechanism of the fungus cultivation bottle to control the opening area.

10. A use of a fungus cultivation bottle in fungus cultivation, comprising: --Prepare a fungus cultivation bottle as described in any one of claims 6 to 8; --Filling the culture medium into the bottle body of the fungus cultivation bottle, and then sealing the bottle body with a fungus cultivation bottle cap; --Adjusting the opening area of ​​the cap of the fungus cultivation bottle to the maximum, and then sterilizing the culture medium loaded therein; --Remove the cap of the mushroom cultivation bottle and inoculate the sterilized culture medium with bacteria; - Seal the bottle body with the mushroom cultivation bottle cap, and adjust the opening area of ​​the mushroom cultivation bottle cap to be partially open to start primary mushroom cultivation; --After the first-level bacteria cultivation is completed, the opening area of ​​the bottle cap of the fungus cultivation bottle is adjusted to the maximum, and the second-level bacteria cultivation is started.

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