Ultrasonic and microwave extraction system and extraction process for traditional Chinese medicinal materials

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrasonic and microwave extraction system and process for traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, the ultrasonic and microwave extraction system comprises a cooling mechanism, and the cooling mechanism is arranged on the side wall of an extraction cavity and used for dissipating a large amount of heat generated after the system works for a long time; the extrusion mechanism is arranged in the sample solution storage area; the microwave leading-in mechanism is positioned in the extraction cavity and is arranged on the side wall of the sample solution storage area; the ultrasonic guide-in mechanism is positioned in the extraction cavity and is arranged on the side wall of the sample solution storage area; wherein the microwave leading-in direction of the microwave leading-in mechanism into the sample solution mechanism is always orthogonal and vertical to the ultrasonic wave leading-in direction of the ultrasonic wave leading-in mechanism into the sample solution mechanism. According to the traditional Chinese medicine extraction device, through mutual cooperation of the extrusion rollers and the mesh bag, the extraction efficiency of traditional Chinese medicinal materials is improved, meanwhile, medicine residues are prevented from entering an extraction solution, filtration is not needed, and the extraction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and specifically relates to an ultrasonic and microwave extraction system and extraction process for traditional Chinese medicine. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, in order to improve the extraction efficiency, patent documents combining ultrasonic and microwave extraction technologies are common. Chinese patent documents can fully utilize the cavitation effect of ultrasonic vibration and the high-energy effect of microwave radiation, and overcome some shortcomings of conventional ultrasonic and microwave extraction technologies. Chinese patents CN2748147Y, CN1651896A, CN2773664Y, CN2822737Y, and CN2880211Y disclose several ultrasonic microwave extraction devices, each with its own characteristics.

[0003] However, studies have shown that existing ultrasonic and microwave extraction devices often have the following problems:

[0004] When the above-mentioned existing ultrasonic microwave extraction device is used for extraction, the content of active substances in the sample shows a trend of first low, then high and then decreasing over time. Especially in the middle and late stages of extraction, the amount of biologically active substances in the sample solution detected is significantly reduced, which greatly weakens the synergistic effect of ultrasound and microwaves. At the same time, the existing extraction device does not squeeze the medicinal materials, but only relies on vibration to extract the medicinal materials, and the extraction efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A Chinese medicinal material ultrasonic and microwave extraction system, comprising:

[0007] A box body with an openable upper cover, wherein an extraction chamber is provided in the box body, and a sample solution storage area is provided in the extraction chamber;

[0008] A cooling mechanism, which is arranged on the side wall of the extraction chamber and is used to dissipate a large amount of heat generated by the system after working for a long time;

[0009] A squeezing mechanism, wherein the squeezing mechanism is disposed in the sample solution storage area;

[0010] A microwave introduction mechanism, the microwave introduction mechanism is located in the extraction cavity and is arranged on a side wall of the sample solution storage area;

[0011] An ultrasonic introduction mechanism, the ultrasonic introduction mechanism is located in the extraction chamber and is arranged on a side wall of the sample solution storage area;

[0012] Wherein, the microwave introduction direction of the microwave introduction mechanism into the sample solution mechanism is always orthogonal to the ultrasonic introduction direction of the ultrasonic introduction mechanism into the sample solution mechanism;

[0013] A PLC mechanism is arranged on the box body and is respectively connected with the cooling mechanism, the extrusion mechanism, the microwave introduction mechanism and the ultrasonic introduction mechanism.

[0014] Furthermore, a medicinal material inlet communicating with the outside is provided on the top side wall of the sample solution storage area, and a medicinal residue outlet communicating with the outside is provided at the bottom of the sample solution storage area;

[0015] Wherein, the medicinal material inlet and the medicinal material outlet are arranged diagonally; the medicinal material inlet and the medicinal residue outlet are both provided with solenoid valves, and the solenoid valves are connected to the PLC mechanism.

[0016] Furthermore, the squeezing mechanism includes a mesh bag and a plurality of squeezing roller groups;

[0017] Multiple groups of squeezing roller groups are evenly distributed in the sample solution storage area and are located at the lower side of the medicinal material inlet; one end of the mesh bag is detachably connected to the medicinal material inlet, and the other end passes through the squeezing roller group and is detachably connected to the medicinal residue outlet.

[0018] Furthermore, the squeezing roller group includes two squeezing rollers, and the squeezing rollers are arranged on two sides of the mesh bag opposite to each other;

[0019] The two squeezing rollers are driven to rotate by a driving member, wherein the two squeezing rollers rotate relative to each other;

[0020] The driving member is arranged on the extraction chamber and connected with the PLC mechanism.

[0021] Further, the cooling mechanism includes a spiral tube and a heat dissipation component;

[0022] The spiral tube surrounds the side wall of the extraction chamber, and the inlet and outlet ends of the spiral tube both pass through the box body and are connected to the heat dissipation component; wherein the spiral tube and the heat dissipation component form a closed circulation loop;

[0023] The heat dissipation component is connected to the PLC mechanism.

[0024] Furthermore, the microwave introduction mechanism is provided in an even number, the sample solution storage area is provided with a microwave inlet matching the microwave introduction mechanism, and the two microwave inlets are diagonally distributed in the sample solution storage area, and the microwave inlet is located below the liquid level of the sample solution storage area; the microwave introduction mechanism is detachably connected to the microwave inlet.

[0025] Furthermore, it also includes a reflux mechanism, one end of which is arranged below the sample solution in the sample solution storage area, and the other end of which passes through the box and is installed on the outer wall of the box.

[0026] Furthermore, it also includes a circulation reflux mechanism, which includes a conical drainage hood arranged in the sample solution storage area, the large end of the conical drainage hood covers the sample liquid level in the sample solution storage area, and is located above the sample liquid level and close to the upper end of the sample solution storage area; the small end of the conical drainage hood passes through the top of the box body and is connected to a condenser, the outside of the condenser is connected with a circulating water circulation pipe, and a circulation inlet and a circulation outlet are arranged on the circulating water circulation pipe.

[0027] An extraction process of the Chinese medicinal material ultrasonic and microwave extraction system as described above comprises the following steps:

[0028] S1. Open the upper cover of the box, place the pre-configured solution to be extracted in the sample solution storage area; close the upper cover;

[0029] S2, open the solenoid valve of the medicinal material inlet, put the medicinal materials into the medicinal material inlet, and close the solenoid valve of the medicinal material inlet;

[0030] S3, turning on the PLC mechanism, which first sends a signal to the microwave introduction mechanism and the extrusion mechanism. After receiving the signal, the microwave introduction mechanism immediately starts working at the initial power P1 and starts time counting;

[0031] S4, after time t1, the PLC mechanism sends a working signal to the ultrasonic introduction mechanism, and the ultrasonic introduction mechanism immediately starts working at an initial power P2 and starts time counting after receiving the working signal;

[0032] S5. After time t2, the PLC mechanism simultaneously sends a signal to change the working power to the microwave introduction mechanism and the ultrasonic introduction mechanism. After receiving the signal, the microwave introduction mechanism and the ultrasonic introduction mechanism change their working powers respectively, so that the working powers are respectively less than their initial powers P1 and P2 and start time counting;

[0033] S6. After time t3, the PLC mechanism first controls the extrusion mechanism to stop working, then controls the microwave introduction mechanism to stop working, and finally controls the ultrasonic introduction mechanism to stop working; the solenoid valve of the medicine residue outlet is opened to take the medicine residue out of the medicine residue outlet.

[0034] Beneficial effects:

[0035] The ultrasonic and microwave extraction system for Chinese medicinal materials provided by the present invention strictly controls the introduction time, introduction sequence, introduction power and closing time of ultrasonic and microwave by setting a PLC mechanism, first controls the introduction of microwaves, and starts to introduce ultrasonic waves after the microwaves have been introduced for a certain time, so that the heat of the microwaves can be better transferred to the sample solution, thereby ensuring that the ultrasonic waves are introduced only after the microwaves have heated the sample solution to a certain time and degree, avoiding the waste of energy caused by the introduction of ultrasonic waves in advance while the sample is not heated; after the sample solution is heated to a certain degree, the cavitation effect of the ultrasonic waves and the heating effect of the microwaves are better integrated, and the PLC mechanism controls the introduction direction of the ultrasonic waves to be perpendicular to the introduction direction of the microwaves, so that the ultrasonic waves perform shear vibration on the sample, which has the best vibration wall-breaking effect on the sample, and the ultrasonic waves and microwaves are perpendicular, which increases the shear vibration field strength of the ultrasonic waves and expands the vibration area of ​​the ultrasonic waves, has the technical effects of strengthening the vibration and making the vibration more uniform, thereby improving the extraction Efficiency; since the ultrasonic introduction mechanism and the microwave introduction mechanism are adjustable, when the height of the sample solution is changed, the position of the ultrasonic introduction mechanism and the microwave introduction mechanism on the sample solution device can be adjusted, so that the introduction direction of the ultrasonic wave and the microwave can always remain vertical, so that the use range of the system is larger; in addition, since in the later stage of vibration, the sample is likely to have been completely broken, controlling the power of the ultrasonic introduction device and the microwave introduction device to be less than the initial power can prevent the active substances that have been transferred from the broken cell wall from re-entering the damaged cell wall under the strong vibration, thereby increasing the extraction amount in the later stage of extraction; and, in the later stage of extraction, the heating effect of the microwave on the extraction is no longer obvious, and the microwave introduction device is controlled to stop running first by the PLC mechanism, which can further reduce energy consumption; at the same time, the present invention, through the mutual cooperation of the extrusion roller and the mesh bag, can improve the extraction efficiency of Chinese medicinal materials while preventing the residue from entering the extract, without filtering, thus saving extraction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultrasonic and microwave extraction system for Chinese medicinal materials of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the circulation reflux mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coiled tube of the present invention;

[0039] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. Box body; 2. Cooling mechanism; 3. Microwave introduction mechanism; 4. Ultrasonic introduction mechanism; 5. Extrusion mechanism; 51. Extrusion roller; 52. Mesh bag; 53. Medicinal material inlet; 54. Medicinal residue outlet; 6. PLC mechanism; 7. Circulation reflux mechanism; 8. Reflux mechanism; 81. Disc tube; 82. Injection port; 83. Collecting tank; 84. Discharge pipe; 85. Reflux pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present invention, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., and orientations or positional relationships indicated are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" etc. are understood as not including the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood as including the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] refer to Figure 1 , a Chinese herbal medicine ultrasonic and microwave extraction system, comprising:

[0046] A box body 1 with an openable upper cover, an extraction chamber is provided in the box body 1, and a sample solution storage area is provided in the extraction chamber;

[0047] The cooling mechanism 2 is arranged on the side wall of the extraction chamber and is used to dissipate a large amount of heat generated by the system after working for a long time;

[0048] A squeezing mechanism 5, wherein the squeezing mechanism 5 is arranged in the sample solution storage area;

[0049] A microwave introduction mechanism 3, which is located in the extraction cavity and is arranged on the side wall of the sample solution storage area;

[0050] An ultrasonic introduction mechanism 4, which is located in the extraction chamber and is arranged on the side wall of the sample solution storage area;

[0051] The microwave introduction direction of the microwave introduction mechanism 3 into the sample solution mechanism is always perpendicular to the ultrasonic introduction direction of the ultrasonic introduction mechanism 4 into the sample solution mechanism;

[0052] The PLC mechanism 6 is arranged on the box body 1 and is connected to the cooling mechanism 2, the extrusion mechanism 5, the microwave introduction mechanism 3 and the ultrasonic introduction mechanism 4 respectively.

[0053] Preferably, a medicinal material inlet 53 communicating with the outside is provided on the top side wall of the sample solution storage area, and a medicinal residue outlet 54 communicating with the outside is provided at the bottom of the sample solution storage area;

[0054] The medicinal material inlet 53 and the medicinal material outlet 54 are arranged diagonally; both the medicinal material inlet 53 and the medicinal residue outlet 54 are provided with solenoid valves, which are connected to the PLC mechanism 6 .

[0055] Preferably, the squeezing mechanism includes a mesh bag 52 and a plurality of squeezing roller groups;

[0056] Multiple groups of squeezing rollers are evenly distributed in the sample solution storage area and are located at the lower side of the medicinal material inlet 53; one end of the mesh bag 52 is detachably connected to the medicinal material inlet 53, and the other end passes through the squeezing roller group and is detachably connected to the medicinal residue outlet 54.

[0057] Preferably, the squeezing roller group includes two squeezing rollers 51, and the squeezing rollers 51 are relatively arranged on both sides of the mesh bag 52;

[0058] The two squeezing rollers 51 are driven to rotate by a driving member, wherein the two squeezing rollers 51 rotate relative to each other;

[0059] The driving member is arranged on the extraction chamber and is connected to the PLC mechanism 6 .

[0060] In this embodiment, the driving member is a driving motor.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] In order to prevent the system from generating a large amount of heat after working for a long time, and the heat cannot be dissipated to affect the service life of the system, this embodiment is further configured on the basis of embodiment 1.

[0063] Preferably, the cooling mechanism 2 includes a spiral tube and a heat dissipation component;

[0064] The spiral tube is wrapped around the side wall of the extraction chamber, and the inlet and outlet ends of the spiral tube are both connected to the heat dissipation component through the box body; wherein the spiral tube and the heat dissipation component form a closed circulation loop;

[0065] The heat dissipation component is connected to the PLC mechanism 6 .

[0066] In this embodiment, a cold zone liquid is arranged in the spiral tube.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] In order to more conveniently set the position of the microwave introduction mechanism and achieve a better extraction effect, this embodiment is further configured on the basis of the second embodiment.

[0069] Preferably, an even number of microwave introduction mechanisms 3 are provided, and the sample solution storage area is provided with a microwave inlet matching the microwave introduction mechanism 3, and the microwave inlets are distributed in pairs at the farthest distance at both ends of a diagonal line of a space formed by the sample solution in the sample solution storage area, that is, the two microwave inlets are diagonally distributed in the sample solution storage area, and the microwave inlets are located below the liquid level in the sample solution storage area; the microwave introduction mechanism 3 is detachably connected to the microwave inlet.

[0070] In this embodiment, the microwave introduction mechanism 3 includes a magnetron for generating microwaves and an introduction cavity for conducting the microwaves generated by the magnetron. The introduction cavity has a trapezoidal cross-section, wherein the large end is connected to the magnetron and the small end is connected to a microwave inlet. The microwave inlet is arranged on the vertical side wall of the sample solution storage area. The microwave inlet is a rectangular opening. The rectangular opening makes the introduction direction of the microwave form a zero degree angle with the liquid surface, so that the sample solution is heated to the greatest extent.

[0071] The ultrasonic introduction mechanism 4 is located at the bottom of the sample solution storage area. The ultrasonic introduction direction is substantially perpendicular to the microwave introduction direction, so that the microwave heating effect has a huge positive impact on the ultrasonic shearing and wall-breaking effect, greatly improving the ultrasonic destruction efficiency on the sample cell wall.

[0072] In this embodiment, the microwave introduction mechanism 3 and the ultrasonic introduction mechanism 4 are controlled to be introduced at positions on the sample solution storage area, and a plurality of microwave inlets are arranged on the same side of the sample solution storage area. At the same time, the side wall is connected to the microwave introduction mechanism 3 through a movable baffle. When it is necessary to introduce microwaves into a certain microwave inlet, the baffle is moved so that the baffle does not block the microwave inlet. When it is necessary to change the inlet for introducing microwaves, the baffle is moved so that the baffle blocks the inlet that does not need to introduce microwaves. In this way, the baffle can be adjusted for the microwave inlet.

[0073] In this embodiment, the movement of the baffle is infinitely adjustable by means of screws.

[0074] In this embodiment, in order to control the introduction position of the ultrasonic introduction mechanism 4, a guide rail groove is set on the side wall of the ultrasonic introduction mechanism 4 installed at the bottom of the sample solution storage area, and the ultrasonic introduction mechanism 4 is provided with a side wall matching the guide rail groove. The side wall is embedded in the guide rail groove, and the ultrasonic introduction mechanism 4 can be moved on the sample solution storage area by sliding, thereby changing the ultrasonic vibration orientation of the ultrasonic introduction mechanism 4.

[0075] In this embodiment, in order to achieve coordinated control of the ultrasonic introduction direction and the microwave introduction direction, displacement sensors are respectively arranged on the ultrasonic introduction mechanism 4 and the microwave introduction mechanism 3. The displacement sensors are connected to the PLC mechanism 6, and can transmit displacement signals to the PLC mechanism 6 and move to a preset position when receiving action instructions from the PLC mechanism 6.

[0076] Example 4

[0077] refer to Figure 2-Figure 3 In order to ensure that the Chinese medicinal materials are fully extracted, this embodiment is further configured on the basis of embodiment 3.

[0078] The ultrasonic and microwave extraction system for Chinese medicinal materials further comprises a reflux mechanism 8, one end of which is arranged below the sample solution in the sample solution storage area, and the other end of which passes through the box and is installed on the outer wall of the box.

[0079] In this embodiment, the first reflux device includes a liquid pump inserted below the liquid level of the sample solution for discharging the extracted sample solution, a motor for driving the liquid pump, a discharge pipe 84 connected to the liquid pump, an injection port 82 installed at the outlet of the discharge pipe 84, and a collecting tank 83 arranged corresponding to the injection port, the lower end of the collecting tank 83 is connected or disconnected with the sample solution storage area through a valve, and the injection port 82 is connected or disconnected with the discharge pipe 84 through a switch valve; it also includes a reflux pipe 85, one end of the reflux pipe 85 is inserted into the sample solution storage area, and the other end is connected or disconnected with the discharge pipe 84 through a one-way valve; it also includes a disc pipe 81 for stirring the sample solution, which is arranged below the entire liquid level of the sample solution storage area and connected to the discharge pipe 84 through a connecting pipe, and a plurality of tapered holes are arranged on the disc pipe 81, and the small end of the tapered hole is arranged toward the liquid surface; one end of the connecting pipe connected to the discharge pipe 84 is located inside the sample solution storage area.

[0080] The ultrasonic and microwave extraction system for Chinese medicinal materials also includes a circulation reflux mechanism 7, which includes a conical drainage hood arranged in the sample solution storage area, the large end of the conical drainage hood covers the sample liquid level in the sample solution storage area, and is located above the sample liquid level and close to the upper end of the sample solution storage area; the small end of the conical drainage hood passes through the top of the box body and is connected to a condenser, the outside of the condenser is connected with a circulating water circulation pipe, and a circulation inlet and a circulation outlet are arranged on the circulating water circulation pipe.

[0081] Example 5

[0082] This embodiment is an extraction process of the Chinese medicinal material ultrasonic and microwave extraction system of embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:

[0083] S1. Open the upper cover of the box, place the pre-configured solution to be extracted in the sample solution storage area; close the upper cover;

[0084] S2, open the solenoid valve of the medicinal material inlet, put the medicinal materials into the medicinal material inlet, and close the solenoid valve of the medicinal material inlet;

[0085] S3, turning on the PLC mechanism, which first sends a signal to the microwave introduction mechanism and the extrusion mechanism. After receiving the signal, the microwave introduction mechanism immediately starts working at the initial power P1 and starts time counting;

[0086] S4, after time t1, the PLC mechanism sends a working signal to the ultrasonic introduction mechanism, and the ultrasonic introduction mechanism immediately starts working at an initial power P2 and starts time counting after receiving the working signal;

[0087] S5. After time t2, the PLC mechanism simultaneously sends a signal to change the working power to the microwave introduction mechanism and the ultrasonic introduction mechanism. After receiving the signal, the microwave introduction mechanism and the ultrasonic introduction mechanism change their working powers respectively, so that the working powers are respectively less than their initial powers P1 and P2 and start time counting;

[0088] S6. After time t3, the PLC mechanism first controls the extrusion mechanism to stop working, then controls the microwave introduction mechanism to stop working, and finally controls the ultrasonic introduction mechanism to stop working; the solenoid valve of the medicine residue outlet is opened to take the medicine residue out of the medicine residue outlet.

[0089] It should be noted that when the extraction system provided in this embodiment is used to extract biologically active substances, the time t1, t2, t3, initial power P1, P2 and the changed operating power can be changed according to the different substances to be extracted. The above values ​​are pre-set at the beginning of the extraction work according to the different substances to be extracted.

[0090] In this embodiment, the extraction system is used to extract Ganoderma lucidum spores, wherein time t1 is 1-3 minutes, time t2 is 3-5 minutes, and time t3 is 2-3 minutes, so that the entire extraction time is controlled within 6-11 minutes, which greatly improves the extraction efficiency. The initial power P1 is 50-200W, and the initial power P2 is 50-100W, which greatly reduces energy consumption.

[0091] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any slight modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Chinese herbal medicine ultrasonic and microwave extraction system, characterized in that: include: A box body with an openable upper cover, wherein an extraction chamber is provided in the box body, and a sample solution storage area is provided in the extraction chamber; A cooling mechanism, which is arranged on the side wall of the extraction chamber and is used to dissipate a large amount of heat generated by the system after working for a long time; A squeezing mechanism, wherein the squeezing mechanism is disposed in the sample solution storage area; A microwave introduction mechanism, the microwave introduction mechanism is located in the extraction cavity and is arranged on a side wall of the sample solution storage area; An ultrasonic introduction mechanism, the ultrasonic introduction mechanism is located in the extraction chamber and is arranged on a side wall of the sample solution storage area; Wherein, the microwave introduction direction of the microwave introduction mechanism into the sample solution mechanism is always orthogonal to the ultrasonic introduction direction of the ultrasonic introduction mechanism into the sample solution mechanism; A PLC mechanism is arranged on the box body and is respectively connected with the cooling mechanism, the extrusion mechanism, the microwave introduction mechanism and the ultrasonic introduction mechanism.

2. A Chinese herbal medicine ultrasonic and microwave extraction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top side wall of the sample solution storage area is provided with a medicinal material inlet connected to the outside, and the bottom of the sample solution storage area is provided with a medicinal residue outlet connected to the outside; Wherein, the medicinal material inlet and the medicinal material outlet are arranged diagonally; the medicinal material inlet and the medicinal residue outlet are both provided with solenoid valves, and the solenoid valves are connected to the PLC mechanism.

3. A Chinese medicinal material ultrasonic and microwave extraction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The squeezing mechanism includes a mesh bag and multiple groups of squeezing rollers; Multiple groups of squeezing roller groups are evenly distributed in the sample solution storage area and are located at the lower side of the medicinal material inlet; one end of the mesh bag is detachably connected to the medicinal material inlet, and the other end passes through the squeezing roller group and is detachably connected to the medicinal residue outlet.

4. The ultrasonic and microwave extraction system for Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The squeezing roller group includes two squeezing rollers, and the squeezing rollers are arranged oppositely on two sides of the mesh bag; The two squeezing rollers are driven to rotate by a driving member, wherein the two squeezing rollers rotate relative to each other; The driving member is arranged on the extraction chamber and connected with the PLC mechanism.

5. The ultrasonic and microwave extraction system for Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling mechanism includes a spiral tube and a heat dissipation component; The spiral tube surrounds the side wall of the extraction chamber, and the inlet and outlet ends of the spiral tube both pass through the box body and are connected to the heat dissipation component; wherein the spiral tube and the heat dissipation component form a closed circulation loop; The heat dissipation component is connected to the PLC mechanism.

6. The ultrasonic and microwave extraction system for Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave introduction mechanism is provided in an even number, the sample solution storage area is provided with a microwave inlet matching the microwave introduction mechanism, and two microwave inlets are diagonally distributed in the sample solution storage area, and the microwave inlet is located below the liquid level of the sample solution storage area; The microwave introduction mechanism is detachably connected to the microwave inlet.

7. The ultrasonic and microwave extraction system for Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a reflux mechanism, one end of which is arranged below the sample solution in the sample solution storage area, and the other end of which passes through the box body and is installed on the outer wall of the box body.

8. The ultrasonic and microwave extraction system for Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a circulation reflux mechanism, which includes a conical drainage cover arranged in the sample solution storage area, the large end of the conical drainage cover covers the sample liquid level in the sample solution storage area, and is located above the sample liquid level and close to the upper end of the sample solution storage area; the small end of the conical drainage cover passes through the top of the box body and is connected to a condenser, the outside of the condenser is connected with a circulating water circulation pipe, and a circulation inlet and a circulation outlet are arranged on the circulating water circulation pipe.

9. An extraction process of a Chinese medicinal material ultrasonic and microwave extraction system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Open the upper cover of the box, place the pre-configured solution to be extracted in the sample solution storage area; close the upper cover; S2, open the solenoid valve of the medicinal material inlet, put the medicinal materials into the medicinal material inlet, and close the solenoid valve of the medicinal material inlet; S3, turning on the PLC mechanism, which first sends a signal to the microwave introduction mechanism and the extrusion mechanism. After receiving the signal, the microwave introduction mechanism immediately starts working at the initial power P1 and starts time counting; S4, after time t1, the PLC mechanism sends a working signal to the ultrasonic introduction mechanism, and the ultrasonic introduction mechanism immediately starts working at an initial power P2 and starts time counting after receiving the working signal; S5. After time t2, the PLC mechanism simultaneously sends a signal to change the working power to the microwave introduction mechanism and the ultrasonic introduction mechanism. After receiving the signal, the microwave introduction mechanism and the ultrasonic introduction mechanism change their working powers respectively, so that the working powers are respectively less than their initial powers P1 and P2 and start time counting; S6. After time t3, the PLC mechanism first controls the extrusion mechanism to stop working, then controls the microwave introduction mechanism to stop working, and finally controls the ultrasonic introduction mechanism to stop working; the solenoid valve of the medicine residue outlet is opened to take the medicine residue out of the medicine residue outlet.

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