A laser engraving and cutting machine

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of laser processing devices, and particularly to a laser engraving and cutting machine. It includes: a horizontal guide rail; a synchronous belt drive mechanism, including two synchronous belt pulleys and a synchronous belt, the two synchronous belt pulleys are respectively fixed on both sides of the horizontal guide rail, and one of the synchronous belt pulleys is connected to a servo motor; an engraving head, which is slidably connected to the horizontal guide rail; the middle of the synchronous belt is broken and forms two ends, and connection structures connected to the ends of the synchronous belt are respectively arranged on both sides of the engraving head; adjusting mechanisms for adjusting the use length of the belt are respectively arranged on both sides of the engraving head, and when the pulling force of the synchronous belt on the engraving head increases, the use length of the synchronous belt increases. By respectively arranging adjusting mechanisms on both sides of the engraving head, the present invention can adjust the use length of the synchronous belt, reduce the deviation caused by the large elongation of the synchronous belt at high speed, and reduce errors to ensure the use accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser processing devices, and particularly to a laser engraving and cutting machine. Background Art

[0002] Currently, when engraving some handicrafts, laser engraving and cutting machines are used; for example, engraving patterns on the surface of wood materials, on glass bottles or metal cans, etc.; currently, when the laser engraving and cutting machine runs at a low speed, it is relatively stable. When its engraving head runs at a high speed, such as above 800 mm / s, the engraving head will have a relatively serious jitter, resulting in low accuracy and deviation when the engraving head is engraving. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser engraving and cutting machine for the deficiencies of the prior art. When the laser engraving head of the laser engraving machine moves horizontally at a high speed, there will be no jitter or the jitter amplitude is small, which can basically meet the engraving requirements and has relatively high accuracy.

[0004] A laser engraving and cutting machine, which includes:

[0005] A horizontal guide rail;

[0006] A synchronous belt transmission mechanism, including two synchronous belt pulleys and a synchronous belt. The two synchronous belt pulleys are respectively fixed on both sides of the horizontal guide rail, and one of the synchronous belt pulleys is connected to a servo motor;

[0007] An engraving head, which is slidably connected to the horizontal guide rail; the middle of the synchronous belt is broken and forms two ends, and connection structures for connecting with the ends of the synchronous belt are respectively arranged on both sides of the engraving head;

[0008] Adjusting mechanisms for adjusting the use length of the belt are respectively arranged on both sides of the engraving head. When the tension of the synchronous belt on the engraving head increases, the use length of the synchronous belt increases.

[0009] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism includes: two connecting rods arranged at intervals. The two connecting rods are connected to one side surface of the engraving head. A rotating frame is rotatably connected between the two connecting rods. The rotating frame is located outside the connection structure. The rotating frame is provided with a main pushing member and a secondary pushing member that abut against the synchronous belt and are located on both sides. The main pushing member is located between the secondary pushing member and the connection structure, and both the main pushing member and the secondary pushing member are located on the same side of the synchronous belt. An elastic member for driving the rotating frame to rotate is connected between the rotating frame and at least one of the connecting rods.

[0010] Further, the main pushing member is a main sleeve ring, and the secondary pushing member is a secondary sleeve ring; a main fixed shaft and a secondary fixed shaft are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the rotating frame. The main sleeve ring is sleeved on the main fixed shaft, and the secondary sleeve ring is sleeved on the secondary fixed shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, connection pieces are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the rotary frame. The two ends of each connection piece are respectively connected to the main pushing member and the secondary pushing member. A connecting shaft is arranged in the middle of the rotary frame. The two ends of the connecting shaft are respectively rotationally connected to the ends of two connecting rods. A connecting groove is arranged in the middle of the connection piece, and the middle of the connecting shaft passes through the connecting grooves of the two connection pieces. External threads are arranged in the middle of the connecting shaft and two fixing nuts are threadedly connected thereto. The two fixing nuts are respectively located on both sides of the rotary frame and are respectively abutted against the adjacent connection pieces.

[0012] Furthermore, the connection structure includes a main clamping block. Through holes adapted to the connecting rods are respectively arranged on both sides of the main clamping block. The main clamping block is sleeved on the connecting rod. A secondary clamping block is connected to one side of the main clamping block. The main clamping block and the secondary clamping block are fixedly connected and clamp one end of the synchronous belt.

[0013] Preferably, a concave hole is arranged on one side of the main clamping block, and the secondary clamping block is located in the concave hole.

[0014] Furthermore, external threads are arranged in the middle of the connecting rod and two adjusting nuts are connected thereto. The two adjusting nuts are respectively located on both sides of the main clamping block.

[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of shaft holes are arranged on the connecting rod at intervals, and one end of the connecting shaft is connected to one of the shaft holes.

[0016] Furthermore, a plug hole adapted to the connecting rod is arranged on the side surface of the engraving head, and the connecting rod is inserted into the plug hole.

[0017] Furthermore, the engraving head is connected to a vertical substrate, and the connecting rod is connected to the side surface of the vertical substrate. An upper pulley and a lower pulley are respectively connected to the upper end and the lower end of the back surface of the vertical substrate. Annular grooves are arranged in the middle of the side surfaces of the upper pulley and the lower pulley. Guide rods are respectively connected to the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the transverse guide rail, and the guide rods are adapted to the annular grooves.

[0018] Furthermore, the upper pulley is connected to the back surface of the vertical substrate through an upper connecting shaft. A circular concave hole is arranged at the lower end of the front surface of the vertical substrate. An adjusting wheel is arranged in the circular concave hole. An eccentric hole is arranged in the middle of the adjusting wheel. A movable hole is arranged on the back surface of the vertical substrate, and the movable hole communicates with the eccentric hole. The lower pulley is connected to a lower connecting shaft. One end of the lower connecting shaft passes through the movable hole and extends into the eccentric hole, and the lower connecting shaft is connected to the adjusting wheel. A fastening hole is arranged on the outer end surface of the adjusting wheel, and a fastener for fixing the adjusting wheel is arranged in the fastening hole.

[0019] Advantages of the present invention: By respectively arranging adjusting mechanisms on both sides of the engraving head, the present invention can adjust the use length of the synchronous belt, reduce the deviation caused by the large elongation of the synchronous belt at high speed, and reduce errors to ensure the use accuracy. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the laser engraving cutting machine in this embodiment.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the transverse guide rail, the synchronous belt transmission mechanism, and the engraving head.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the engraving head, the connection structure, and the adjustment mechanism.

[0023] Figure 4 For Figure 3 Another perspective structural diagram.

[0024] Figure 5 For Figure 3 A partial exploded view.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the trajectory change of the left used section of the synchronous belt during use.

[0026] Reference numerals:

[0027] 1 - Transverse guide rail; 2 - Synchronous belt; 3 - Engraving head; 4 - Connection structure; 5 - Adjustment mechanism; 6 - Synchronous belt pulley; 7 - Guide rod; 8 - Upper connecting shaft; 9 - Circular concave hole; 10 - Vertical substrate; 11 - Bolt; 12 - Moving hole; 13 - Adjusting wheel; 14 - Lower connecting shaft; 15 - Fastening hole; 16 - Upper pulley; 17 - Lower pulley; 18 - Fastening piece; 19 - Eccentric hole; 41 - Main clamping block; 42 - Sub - clamping block; 43 - Bolt; 44 - Nut; 51 - Connecting rod; 52 - Axial hole; 53 - Connecting shaft; 54 - Connecting groove; 55 - Connecting piece; 56 - Fixed nut; 57 - Main pushing member; 58 - Sub - pushing member; 59 - Adjusting nut. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following further elaborates on this application in combination with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not used to limit this application.

[0029] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on that other element. When an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to that other element.

[0030] It should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0031] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0032] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. As Figures 1 to 6 shown.

[0033] Embodiment 1: Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 ; A laser engraving and cutting machine, which includes: a transverse guide rail 1, a synchronous belt transmission mechanism, and an engraving head 3; the synchronous belt transmission mechanism includes two synchronous belt pulleys 6 and a synchronous belt 2. The two synchronous belt pulleys 6 are respectively fixed on both sides of the transverse guide rail 1, and one of the synchronous belt pulleys 6 is connected to a servo motor; the engraving head 3 is slidably connected to the transverse guide rail 1; the middle of the synchronous belt 2 is broken and forms two ends, and connecting structures 4 connected to the ends of the synchronous belt 2 are respectively arranged on both sides of the engraving head 3; adjusting mechanisms 5 for adjusting the use length of the belt are respectively arranged on both sides of the engraving head 3. When the tension of the synchronous belt 2 on the engraving head 3 increases, the use length of the synchronous belt 2 increases.

[0034] Refer to the attached Figure 3 、 Figure 4 , this technical solution adds an adjusting mechanism 5 on the basis of the existing technology to adjust the use length of the belt. When a traditional laser engraving and cutting machine is in use, it generally can only move horizontally at a low speed, such as below 600 mm / s; this will result in a relatively slow running speed of the laser engraving and cutting machine and a relatively low engraving efficiency; when the speed is increased to 800 mm / s and above, the movement of the engraving head 3 begins to become unstable, especially when the engraving head 3 turns around for back-and-forth engraving. At first, the applicant thought it might be due to resonance. After multiple debugging, it was found that the main factors are the synchronous belt 2 and air resistance.

[0035] The synchronous belt 2 is flexible. During normal low-speed use, the stretching of the synchronous belt 2 is not noticed. At low speeds, the air resistance of the engraving head 3 is relatively small. Therefore, the tensile force of the synchronous belt 2 on the engraving head 3 is relatively small. When the speed reaches high speed, the air resistance encountered by the engraving head 3 increases, and the tensile force of the synchronous belt 2 on the engraving head 3 increases significantly, resulting in the stretching of the synchronous belt 2. Analyzing the force on the synchronous belt 2, only a part of the synchronous belt 2 is stretched, and the corresponding stretched section of this part is the synchronous belt section between the connecting structure 4 on the side of the engraving head 3 and the synchronous pulley 6 on the same side. When the length of the stretched section exceeds the previous normal working length range, the service length of the synchronous belt 2 becomes longer. Although the service length of the synchronous belt 2 becomes longer (this increased length is relatively small compared to the synchronous belt), when the synchronous belt 2 meshes with the synchronous pulley 6, due to the very limited increased length per unit length, the teeth of the synchronous belt 2 will not be misaligned when meshing with the concave holes of the synchronous pulley 6, but it will affect the engraving accuracy.

[0036] When engraving an object and calculating the displacement and coordinate position of the engraving head 3, these values are all calculated according to the normal length of the synchronous belt 2. When the elongation length of the synchronous belt 2 is relatively long, the position of the engraving head 3 will have a delay error, and in severe cases, the engraving head 3 will be briefly loose.

[0037] To solve this problem, the present application adopts adjusting mechanisms 5 arranged on both sides of the engraving head 3. When the tensile force of the synchronous belt 2 on one side increases, the adjusting mechanism 5 increases the service length of the synchronous belt 2 on that side. The used section of the synchronous belt 2 on that side becomes longer due to the increased tensile force, and the increased length is offset or partially offset by the adjusting mechanism 5, so that when the engraving head 3 moves, its moving coordinate position is within the error range.

[0038] See Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the adjusting mechanism 5 includes: two connecting rods 51 arranged at intervals. The two connecting rods 51 are connected to one side surface of the engraving head 3. A rotating frame is rotatably connected between the two connecting rods 51. The rotating frame is located outside the connecting structure 4. The rotating frame is provided with main pushing members 57 and secondary pushing members 58 that abut against the synchronous belt 2 and are located on both sides. The main pushing member 57 is located between the secondary pushing member 58 and the connecting structure 4, and both the main pushing member 57 and the secondary pushing member 58 are located on the same side of the synchronous belt 2. An elastic member is connected between the rotating frame and at least one of the connecting rods 51.

[0039] This technical solution adjusts the service length of the synchronous belt 2 through the rotating frame. During use, see Figure 1, one end of the synchronous belt 2 will bypass the synchronous pulley 6 on one side, and then bypass the rotating frame and connect to the connecting structure 4 on one side. When bypassing the rotating frame, it will be in contact with the main pushing member 57 and the secondary pushing member 58 respectively. The main pushing member 57 and the secondary pushing member 58 are respectively located on both sides of the rotating frame and are respectively subjected to the thrust of the belt. At low speeds, the main pushing member 57 and the secondary pushing member 58 remain balanced. When the engraving head 3 runs at high speed, for example, the engraving head 3 moves to the left at high speed, the air resistance on the engraving head 3 increases, the acting force of the synchronous belt 2 on the engraving head 3 increases, the tension of the synchronous belt 2 itself increases, and its own length increases. At the same time, the thrust of the synchronous belt 2 on the main pushing member 57 and the secondary pushing member 58 located on the left side of the engraving head 3 increases.

[0040] See Appendix Figure 6 , Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a trajectory change during the use of the left-side used section of the synchronous belt 2; the dotted part is the trajectory of the synchronous belt 2 under normal conditions, and the solid part is the trajectory state after the tension of the synchronous belt 2 increases. For the convenience of description, the contact point of the synchronous belt 2 and the left-side synchronous pulley 6 is A, the contact point with the left-side secondary pushing member 58 is B, the contact point with the left-side main pushing member 57 is C, the hinge point of the rotating frame and the connecting rod 51 is E, and the connection point of the synchronous belt 2 and the left-side connecting structure 4 is F; as Figure 6 shown, the engraving head 3 generally works in the middle area, ∠ABC is greater than ∠BCF. Under low-speed operation, the rotating frame remains balanced. The acting force of the synchronous belt on point B is: Fb = F1 * cos(∠ABC / 2), and the acting force of the synchronous belt on point C is: Fc = F1 * cos(∠BCF / 2); where F1 is the tension of the synchronous belt at low speed; the torque of point B on point E is: N1 = Fb * BE, and the torque of point C on point E is: N2 = Fc * CE; BE represents the distance from point B to point E, and CE represents the distance between point C and point E; the torque of the elastic member on point E is N0; when the rotating frame is balanced, there is: N1 + N0 = N2; substituting the above formulas, we get:

[0041] cos(∠ABC / 2) + N0 / (F1 * BE) = cos(∠BCF / 2) * CE / BE.

[0042] When the rotating frame is in use, both BE and CE are fixed values. At the same time, ∠ABC and ∠BCF change in the opposite direction. When the tension of the synchronous belt increases, the synchronous belt causes its own elastic change, making the length of its used section AF longer. Therefore, it is necessary to make the used length of AF longer. Specifically, Figure 6In this case, point B needs to rotate towards the synchronous belt side, that is, the angle ∠ABC decreases and the angle ∠BCF increases. Since the angle change is small, the torque change of the elastic member is very small and can almost be regarded as unchanged. The value of cos(∠ABC / 2) increases, and the value of N0 / (F1*BE) becomes N0 / (F2*BE), and this value decreases, where F2 is the new tensile force of the synchronous belt. The value of cos(∠BCF / 2)*CE / BE decreases, and the equation can hold again or approximately hold by setting specific BE and CE values.

[0043] When the tensile force of the synchronous belt increases to F2, the rotating frame rotates; the contact point C rotates a small distance around point E, and the contact point B rotates a small distance around point E. Since point C is very close to point F, the change in the distance of the CF segment caused by the movement of point C is very small; while the change in the length between AB caused by the movement of the contact point B is relatively large. The horizontal distance between point A and point B is much larger than the vertical distance between them. The slight movement of the contact point B will cause a relatively large change in the length of the AB segment of the synchronous belt, as Figure 6 shown. After the tensile force of the synchronous belt 2 increases, point B moves away from point A, the length of the AB segment of the synchronous belt increases, and the length of the entire AF segment increases relative to before. If the increased length is equivalent to the elongation length of the synchronous belt 2 in this segment, that is, the increased length of the AF segment of the synchronous belt after the tensile force increases can be equivalent to the length of the AF segment trajectory after the rotating frame rotates, then when the engraving head 3 moves horizontally, its horizontal coordinate can remain unchanged or be within the error range. Thus, the lateral deviation of the engraving head 3 during engraving can be avoided.

[0044] The elastic member can be a torsion spring, such as being arranged on the connecting shaft 53 and used to drive the rotation of the rotating frame. The torsion direction of the torsion spring is related to the direction in which the synchronous belt bypasses the rotating frame. When the synchronous belt bypasses from the inner or outer side of the rotating frame, the torsion direction of the torsion spring may be different. It is necessary to set the torsion of the torsion spring according to the actual structure.

[0045] See Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown in, the main pushing member 57 is a main sleeve ring, and the secondary pushing member 58 is a secondary sleeve ring; a main fixed shaft and a secondary fixed shaft are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the rotating frame. The main sleeve ring is sleeved on the main fixed shaft, and the secondary sleeve ring is sleeved on the secondary fixed shaft.

[0046] To reduce the influence of friction on the movement of the synchronous belt 2, in this technical solution, the main pushing member 57 and the auxiliary pushing member 58 are exemplarily set as a main sleeve ring and an auxiliary sleeve ring respectively. The main sleeve ring and the auxiliary sleeve ring can rotate relative to the main fixed shaft and the auxiliary fixed shaft respectively. When the tension of the synchronous belt 2 changes, the service length of the synchronous belt 2 changes, the synchronous belt 2 undergoes a certain contraction, the forces exerted by the synchronous belt 2 on the main sleeve ring and the auxiliary sleeve ring change, the rotating frame rotates by a small angle, and the main sleeve ring and the auxiliary sleeve ring rotate slightly. The friction between the synchronous belt 2 and the main sleeve ring and the auxiliary sleeve ring is very small and hardly affects the rotation of the rotating frame.

[0047] Secondly, it can be understood that the main pushing member 57 and the auxiliary pushing member 58 can also be rollers. Shaft bodies are respectively arranged on both sides of the rollers, and the shaft bodies are connected to the frame body of the rotating frame. Among them, the shaft body can rotate relative to the frame body of the rotating frame, that is, the shaft body is rotatably connected to the rotating frame, such as through a bearing connection, etc. Of course, the roller can also rotate around the shaft body itself. For example, the roller is set as a bearing, the middle of the bearing sleeves the shaft body, and the shaft body is connected to the frame body of the rotating frame.

[0048] See Figures 3 to 5 , connecting pieces 55 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the rotating frame. The two ends of the connecting piece 55 are respectively connected to the main pushing member 57 and the auxiliary pushing member 58. A connecting shaft 53 is arranged in the middle of the rotating frame. The two ends of the connecting shaft 53 are respectively rotatably connected to the ends of two connecting rods 51. A connecting groove 54 is arranged in the middle of the connecting piece 55. The middle of the connecting shaft 53 passes through the connecting grooves 54 of the two connecting pieces 55. External threads are arranged in the middle of the connecting shaft 53 and two fixing nuts 56 are threadedly connected. The two fixing nuts 56 are respectively located on both sides of the rotating frame and respectively abut against the adjacent connecting pieces 55.

[0049] To enable the rotating frame to rotate relative to the connecting rod 51, in this technical solution, a connecting shaft 53 is arranged in the middle of the rotating frame. The two ends of the connecting shaft 53 are respectively rotatably connected to the corresponding connecting rods 51. When specifically setting, a shaft hole 52 can be arranged on the connecting rod 51. The end of the connecting shaft 53 is sleeved with the shaft hole 52 of the connecting rod 51 and can rotate relative to it. Of course, a bearing can also be arranged in the shaft hole 52, and the connecting shaft 53 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 51 through the bearing. Considering that the end of the connecting shaft 53 can be made smooth and the friction coefficient with the connecting rod 51 is very small, the bearing can be omitted and directly sleeved. Of course, it can be understood that the rotating frame can adopt a shaft sleeve arranged in the middle, a bearing is arranged in the shaft sleeve and connected with a connecting shaft, and the two ends of the connecting shaft are respectively connected to the corresponding connecting rods 51. This method can also achieve the rotation of the rotating frame relative to the connecting rod 51. To simplify the structure, the shaft sleeve can be omitted and the connecting shaft can be directly adopted.

[0050] Secondly, during specific use, different synchronous belt materials will cause different shrinkage changes in the synchronous belt 2 when it is in use. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the secondary pushing member that causes the change in the use length of the synchronous belt 2. For example, when the shrinkage change of the synchronous belt 2 is relatively large, that is, the elastic modulus of the synchronous belt 2 is relatively large; during design, when the synchronous belt 2 drives the rotating frame to rotate, the moving amount of the secondary pushing member 58 should be relatively large. How can the moving amount of the secondary pushing member 58 be relatively large? Specifically in this embodiment, the connection shaft 53 and the connection groove 54 are used in a matching manner, such as Figure 3 , Figure 6 shown, the main pushing member 57, the secondary pushing member 58 and the connection shaft 53 are connected as a whole and form a lever structure. The connection point between the connection shaft 53 and the connecting rod 51 is the fulcrum. The main pushing member 57 and the secondary pushing member 58 are respectively the two ends of the lever. By adjusting the distance between the fulcrum and the two ends, such as moving the connection shaft 53 to the right relative to the connection groove 54, the distance from the fulcrum to the main pushing member 57 decreases, and the distance from the fulcrum to the secondary pushing member 58 increases; when the tension of the synchronous belt 2 increases, the main pushing member 57 rotates by a small angle, and the secondary pushing member 58 also rotates by a small angle, such as Figure 6 shown, but the distance between the main pushing member 57 and the fulcrum is less than the distance between the secondary pushing member 58 and the fulcrum, and the moving distance of the secondary pushing member 58 is relatively larger. The moving distance of the secondary pushing member 58 increases relatively, then the distance between the secondary pushing member 58 and the synchronous belt pulley 6 will also increase relatively larger; to adapt to the synchronous belt 2 with a larger shrinkage amount.

[0051] When the shrinkage amount of the synchronous belt 2 is relatively small, the connecting piece 55 can be moved to the left relative to the connection shaft 53; so that the distance between the main pushing member 57 and the fulcrum is increased, and the distance between the secondary pushing member 58 and the fulcrum is decreased; when the force on the synchronous belt 2 increases (such as accelerating the driving of the engraving head 3 or driving the engraving head 3 at high speed), the synchronous belt 2 applies pressure to the main pushing member 57 and the secondary pushing member 58. The main pushing member 57 rotates a small angle in the direction away from the synchronous belt 2, and the secondary pushing member 58 also rotates a small angle in the direction close to the synchronous belt 2; due to the change in the distance between the main pushing member 57, the secondary pushing member 58 and the fulcrum, the displacement of the secondary pushing member 58 is relatively small, resulting in a relatively small change in the distance between the secondary pushing member 58 and the synchronous belt pulley 6 on the left, to fit the synchronous belt 2 with a relatively small shrinkage amount.

[0052] Secondly, when adjusting the position of the connection shaft 53 in the connection groove 54, the fixing nut 56 can be loosened first so that the connection shaft 53 can move in the connection groove 54; after selecting the position, the two fixing nuts 56 are tightened to clamp the two connecting pieces 55.

[0053] It can be understood that four fixing nuts 56 can be threadedly connected to the connecting shaft 53. Two fixing nuts 56 form a group and correspond to one connecting piece 55. The two fixing nuts 56 are respectively located on both sides of the connecting piece 55 and clamp the connecting piece 55.

[0054] See Figures 3 to 5 , the connecting structure 4 includes a main clamping block 41. Perforations for cooperating with the connecting rod 51 are respectively provided on both sides of the main clamping block 41. The main clamping block 41 is sleeved with the connecting rod 51. A secondary clamping block 42 is connected to one side of the main clamping block 41. The main clamping block 41 and the secondary clamping block 42 are fixedly connected and clamp one end of the synchronous belt 2.

[0055] For the convenience of setting the connecting structure 4, the technical solution sets the connecting structure 4 as a combination of the main clamping block 41 and the secondary clamping block 42. The main clamping block 41 and the secondary clamping block 42 are connected by a connecting piece. Specifically, it can be: both the main clamping block 41 and the secondary clamping block 42 are provided with connecting holes. The connecting piece is a bolt 43. One end of the bolt 43 passes through the connecting holes of the main clamping block 41 and the secondary clamping block 42 and is connected to a nut 44; at the same time, one end of the synchronous belt 2 is clamped between the main clamping block 41 and the secondary clamping block 42. It can be understood that: a perforation can be provided only in one of the main clamping block 41 and the secondary clamping block 42, and a threaded hole can be provided in the other. The bolt 43 passes through the perforation and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole, and at the same time, one end of the synchronous belt 2 is clamped.

[0056] See Figure 4 , a concave hole is provided on one side of the main clamping block 41, and the secondary clamping block 42 is located in the concave hole.

[0057] By providing a concave hole on the main clamping block 41 and arranging the secondary clamping block 42 in the concave hole, it is convenient to connect the main clamping block 41 and the secondary clamping block 42.

[0058] See Figures 3 to 5 , external threads are provided in the middle of the connecting rod 51 and two adjusting nuts 59 are connected. The two adjusting nuts 59 are respectively located on both sides of the main clamping block 41.

[0059] Two adjusting nuts 59 are provided and cooperate with the connecting rod 51, so that the position of the main clamping block 41 can be adjusted; further, the distance between the connecting structure 4 and the main pushing member can be adjusted. When the distance between the connecting structure 4 and the main pushing member changes, when the synchronous belt 2 bypasses the main pushing member, the angle between the front and the back will increase; thus, the influence of the tension of the synchronous belt 2 on the main pushing member will increase; that is, when the engraving head 3 runs at high speed or under a large acceleration, the synchronous belt 2 will push the main pushing member to rotate a relatively large angle. At the same time, the auxiliary pushing member will also rotate a relatively large angle. Since the length of the synchronous belt 2 between the left synchronous belt pulley 6 and the auxiliary pushing member is much greater than the length of the synchronous belt 2 between the main pushing member and the connecting structure 4, the distance change of the synchronous belt 2 between the synchronous belt pulley 6 and the auxiliary pushing member is mainly considered. After the moving amount of the auxiliary pushing member relatively increases, the used length of the synchronous belt 2 will increase. It can be seen that the left and right movement of the connecting structure 4 relative to the rotating frame will increase the used length of the synchronous belt 2 at high speed. Specifically in this embodiment, by providing two adjusting nuts 59 and sleeving the main clamping block 41 and the connecting rod 51, the position of the main clamping block 41 can be adjusted, and further, the increased amount of the used length of the synchronous belt 2 at high speed can be adjusted.

[0060] Further, the connecting rod 51 is provided with a plurality of axially spaced-apart holes 52, and one end of the connecting shaft 53 is connected to one of the axially spaced-apart holes 52.

[0061] By providing a plurality of axially spaced-apart holes 52 on the connecting rod 51, the position of the rotating frame can be adjusted; the distance between the rotating frame and the connecting structure 4 can be adjusted, thereby affecting the change of the used length of the synchronous belt 2 at high speed.

[0062] See Figure 2 On the side of the engraving head 3, there is a plug hole that cooperates with the connecting rod 51, and the connecting rod 51 is inserted into the plug hole.

[0063] The connecting rod 51 and the plug hole can be connected by a mating connection or an interference fit connection; by connecting in a plugging manner, the connection position of the connecting rod 51 and the engraving head 3 can be adjusted, and at the same time, the distance between the rotating frame, the connecting structure 4 and the engraving head 3 can also be adjusted; the tension of the synchronous belt 2 can be adjusted.

[0064] Preferably, the engraving head 3 is provided with a fastening hole 15, the fastening hole 15 communicates with the plug hole, and a bolt 11 is threadedly connected to the fastening hole 15, and the bolt 11 abuts against the connecting rod 51.

[0065] By providing the fastening hole 15 and the bolt 11, the connecting rod 51 can be adjusted and fixed.

[0066] See Figure 3, the engraving head 3 is connected to a vertical substrate 10, and the connecting rod 51 is connected to the side surface of the vertical substrate 10; the upper end and the lower end of the back surface of the vertical substrate 10 are respectively connected with an upper pulley 16 and a lower pulley 17. An annular groove is provided in the middle of the side surfaces of the upper pulley 16 and the lower pulley 17. Guide rods 7 are respectively connected to the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the transverse guide rail 1, and the guide rods 7 are matched with the annular grooves.

[0067] See Figure 1 , the vertical plate is clamped to the transverse guide rail 1 through the upper pulley 16 and the lower pulley 17. At the same time, the upper pulley 16 and the lower pulley 17 are respectively slidably connected to the guide rods 7 on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the transverse guide rail 1. When the engraving head 3 moves horizontally, the upper pulley 16 and the lower pulley 17 respectively roll along the corresponding guide rods 7. This structure can play a good guiding role and prevent the engraving head 3 from shaking during the horizontal movement.

[0068] See Figures 3 to 5 , the upper pulley 16 is connected to the back surface of the vertical substrate 10 through an upper connecting shaft 8. A circular concave hole 9 is provided at the lower end of the front surface of the vertical substrate 10. An adjusting wheel 13 is arranged in the circular concave hole 9. An eccentric hole 19 is provided in the middle of the adjusting wheel 13. An activity hole 12 is provided on the back surface of the vertical substrate 10, and the activity hole 12 communicates with the eccentric hole 19. The lower pulley 17 is connected with a lower connecting shaft 14. One end of the lower connecting shaft 14 passes through the activity hole 12 and extends into the eccentric hole 19, and the lower connecting shaft 14 is connected to the adjusting wheel 13; a fastening hole 15 is provided on the outer end surface of the adjusting wheel 13, and a fastener 18 for fixing the adjusting wheel 13 is arranged in the fastening hole 15.

[0069] Since guide rods 7 are respectively arranged on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the horizontal guide rail 1, and the guide rods 7 protrude from the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the horizontal guide rail 1, when assembling the engraving head 3 and the horizontal guide rail 1, it is impossible to directly install the upper pulley 16 and the lower pulley 17 onto the guide rods 7 on both sides; currently, generally, the upper pulley 16 and the lower pulley 17 are not installed first, the vertical substrate 10 is first brought close to the horizontal guide rail 1, and then the upper pulley 16 and the lower pulley 17 are installed; in this installation method, due to the limited operation space during assembly, the installation is very inconvenient. And this technical solution adopts a movable lower pulley 17 structure, and the upper pulley 16 and the lower pulley 17 can be installed on the vertical substrate 10 first. Among them, the adjusting wheel 13 is connected with a downwardly offset lower connecting shaft 14, and the lower connecting shaft 14 is connected with the lower pulley 17; when assembling, the adjusting wheel 13 is operated to rotate, so that the eccentric hole 19 of the adjusting wheel 13 is located at a position lower on the adjusting wheel 13, so that the distance between the lower pulley 17 and the upper pulley 16 is greater than the distance between the guide rods 7 on both sides; then the vertical substrate 10 is moved, the upper pulley 16 is located above the upper guide rod 7, the lower pulley 17 is located below the lower guide rod 7, and then the vertical substrate 10 is moved downward, the annular groove of the upper pulley 16 cooperates with the upper guide rod 7, the lower pulley 17 moves downward and is located below the lower guide rod 7; finally, the adjusting wheel 13 is operated to rotate again, so that the lower pulley 17 moves upward and abuts against the lower guide rod 7, so that the lower guide rod 7 cooperates with the annular groove of the lower pulley 17. After the adjustment is completed, the adjusting wheel 13 is fixed with the fastener 18.

[0070] By operating the adjusting wheel 13, the engraving head 3 can be conveniently assembled with the horizontal guide rail 1, and the overall use is convenient and fast.

[0071] The above content is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. The content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser engraving and cutting machine, which comprises: A horizontal guide rail; A synchronous belt drive mechanism, including two synchronous belt pulleys and a synchronous belt. The two synchronous belt pulleys are respectively fixed on both sides of the horizontal guide rail, and one of the synchronous belt pulleys is connected with a servo motor; An engraving head, which is slidably connected to the horizontal guide rail; the middle of the synchronous belt is broken and forms two ends, and connection structures for connecting with the ends of the synchronous belt are respectively arranged on both sides of the engraving head; It is characterized in that: Adjusting mechanisms for adjusting the use length of the belt are respectively arranged on both sides of the engraving head. When the tension of the synchronous belt on the engraving head increases, the use length of the synchronous belt increases; The adjusting mechanism includes: two connecting rods arranged at intervals. The two connecting rods are connected to one side surface of the engraving head. A rotating frame is rotatably connected between the two connecting rods. The rotating frame is located outside the connection structure. The rotating frame is provided with a main pushing member and a secondary pushing member that are in contact with the synchronous belt and are located on both sides. The main pushing member is located between the secondary pushing member and the connection structure, and both the main pushing member and the secondary pushing member are located on the same side of the synchronous belt. An elastic member for driving the rotating frame to rotate is connected between the rotating frame and at least one of the connecting rods; The main pushing member is a main collar, and the secondary pushing member is a secondary collar; a main fixed shaft and a secondary fixed shaft are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the rotating frame. The main collar is sleeved on the main fixed shaft, and the secondary collar is sleeved on the secondary fixed shaft; Connecting pieces are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the rotating frame. The two ends of the connecting piece are respectively connected with the main pushing member and the secondary pushing member; a connecting shaft is arranged in the middle of the rotating frame. The two ends of the connecting shaft are respectively rotatably connected with the ends of the two connecting rods. A connecting groove is arranged in the middle of the connecting piece. The middle of the connecting shaft passes through the connecting grooves of the two connecting pieces; external threads are arranged in the middle of the connecting shaft and are threadedly connected with two fixing nuts. The two fixing nuts are respectively located on both sides of the rotating frame and are respectively in contact with the adjacent connecting pieces; The connection structure includes a main clamping block. Perforations for cooperating with the connecting rods are respectively arranged on both sides of the main clamping block. The main clamping block is sleeved on the connecting rod. A secondary clamping block is connected to one side of the main clamping block. The main clamping block and the secondary clamping block are fixedly connected and clamp one end of the synchronous belt; A concave hole is arranged on one side of the main clamping block, and the secondary clamping block is located in the concave hole.

2. The laser engraving and cutting machine according to claim 1, wherein: External threads are arranged in the middle of the connecting rod and are connected with 2 adjusting nuts. The 2 adjusting nuts are respectively located on both sides of the main clamping block.

3. The laser engraving and cutting machine according to claim 1, wherein: The connecting rod is provided with a plurality of spaced shaft holes, and one end of the connecting shaft is connected with one of the shaft holes.

4. The laser engraving and cutting machine according to claim 1, wherein: The engraving head is connected with a vertical substrate, and the connecting rod is connected to the side surface of the vertical substrate; the upper end and the lower end of the back surface of the vertical substrate are respectively connected with an upper pulley and a lower pulley. Annular grooves are arranged in the middle of the side surfaces of the upper pulley and the lower pulley. Guide rods are respectively connected to the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the horizontal guide rail. The guide rods cooperate with the annular grooves.

5. The laser engraving and cutting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper pulley is connected to the back surface of the vertical substrate through an upper connecting shaft. A circular concave hole is provided at the lower end of the front surface of the vertical substrate. An adjusting wheel is provided in the circular concave hole. An eccentric hole is provided in the middle of the adjusting wheel. A movable hole is provided on the back surface of the vertical substrate. The movable hole communicates with the eccentric hole. The lower pulley is connected with a lower connecting shaft. One end of the lower connecting shaft passes through the movable hole and extends into the eccentric hole. The lower connecting shaft is connected with the adjusting wheel. A fastening hole is provided on the outer end surface of the adjusting wheel. A fastener for fixing the adjusting wheel is provided in the fastening hole.

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