Hopper with anti-blocking and material-dredging functions and discharging control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a hopper with anti-blocking and material-dredging functions and a discharging control method, and the hopper comprises a hopper body which is provided with a stock bin and a mounting chamber; the material passing pipe is mounted below the hopper body, a through hole penetrating through the material passing pipe is formed in the material passing pipe, and the through hole communicates with the stock bin and the mounting chamber; the crushing assembly is mounted in the mounting chamber; the material crushing assembly comprises a telescopic structure and a material crushing structure, the material crushing structure is mounted at the movable end of the telescopic structure, and the telescopic structure can drive the material crushing structure to extend into the through hole; the baffle is installed in the through hole, and an elastic piece is arranged between the baffle and the hole wall of the through hole; and the detection structure is used for collecting action signals of the baffle and / or the elastic piece so as to control the telescopic structure to act. According to the hopper, the blockage problem can be found in time and automatically handled, and the safety of equipment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of concrete hoppers, and in particular to a hopper with anti-blocking and material-draining functions and a material discharge control method. Background Art

[0002] Concrete refers to cement concrete obtained by mixing cement as a binder, sand and stone as aggregates with water in a certain proportion. It is also called ordinary concrete. Generally, a feed hopper is required during pouring to transport the concrete through the feed hopper to the mixer for mixing.

[0003] At present, most of the hoppers used for feeding are vertically arranged in the shape of a funnel, with the upper end of the hopper as the feed port and the lower end as the discharge port. Since most hoppers are conical structures with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part, the pressure on the material will gradually increase as the material flows downward. As the flow cross-sectional area becomes smaller, the friction and extrusion force between the material and the hopper wall, and between the material and the material will become greater and greater, causing the material to be squeezed into an arch, blocking the downward flow of the material. Especially when the material particles are small, the ash content is high, the humidity is high, and the viscosity is high, the fluidity of the material and the hopper is very poor, and blockages often occur. Once the material is blocked, it will seriously affect the safety of the equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a hopper with anti-blocking and material-draining function, which can effectively prevent materials from blocking the hopper, thereby improving the safety of the equipment.

[0005] The present invention also provides a material discharge control method suitable for the above-mentioned hopper.

[0006] A hopper with anti-blocking and material-draining function according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention comprises:

[0007] The hopper body has a hopper and a mounting chamber;

[0008] A feeding pipe is installed below the hopper body, the feeding pipe is provided with a through hole penetrating the feeding pipe, and the through hole is communicated with the silo and the installation chamber;

[0009] A crushing assembly is installed in the installation chamber; the crushing assembly includes a telescopic structure and a crushing structure, the crushing structure is installed at the movable end of the telescopic structure, and the telescopic structure can drive the crushing structure to extend into the through hole;

[0010] A baffle is installed in the through hole, and an elastic member is provided between the baffle and the hole wall of the through hole;

[0011] The detection structure is used to collect the action signals of the baffle and / or the elastic member, and then control the action of the telescopic structure.

[0012] The hopper with anti-blocking and material-draining function according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0013] By setting up a detection structure to detect the action signal of the baffle and / or the elastic member to determine whether the hopper is blocked, and then controlling the crushing component to extend into the through hole to clear the material, the hopper can detect the blockage problem in time during operation and automatically handle it, ensuring the normal operation of the hopper, reducing the occurrence of blockage and improving the safety of the equipment.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, two installation chambers are provided, and the two installation chambers are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the silo, and the crushing assembly is installed in both installation chambers.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a side wall of the installation chamber is provided with an inspection door, and the crushing assembly is installed on the inspection door.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the crushing structure is a wedge-shaped structure, and the end of the crushing structure is an arc-shaped surface.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a chamfered surface is provided on a side of the crushing structure facing the silo, and a crushing needle is installed on the chamfered surface, and the crushing needle extends toward the silo.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the elastic member is installed in the through hole; the baffle is provided with a hinge seat, and both ends of the elastic member in the length direction are respectively against the hinge seat and the hole wall of the through hole.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the hinge seat is connected to an adjusting screw, the end of the adjusting screw passes through the hole wall of the through hole and is installed with an adjusting nut; the elastic member is sleeved on the adjusting screw.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the detection structure includes a signal transmitter and a signal receiver, the signal transmitter is installed on the hinge seat, and the signal receiver is installed on the hole wall of the through hole.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the detection structure includes a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is installed on the hole wall of the through hole or the hinge seat, and at least one end of the elastic member in the length direction is against the pressure sensor.

[0022] The material discharge control method according to the second embodiment of the present invention is applicable to the above-mentioned hopper with anti-blocking and material discharging function, and is characterized in that:

[0023] In a first set time period, the action signal of the baffle and / or the elastic member fluctuates within a set range, and the telescopic structure drives the crushing structure to move into the through hole for a set number of times;

[0024] After the telescopic structure drives the crushing structure to move into the through hole for a set number of times, within a second set time period, the action signal of the baffle and / or the elastic member fluctuates within a set range, and the detection structure emits an audible and visual alarm.

[0025] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0027] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure Number:

[0032] Hopper body 100, silo 110, installation chamber 120, inspection door 130;

[0033] Feed pipe 200, through hole 210;

[0034] The crushing assembly 300, the telescopic structure 310, the crushing structure 320, the chamfered surface 321, and the crushing needle 322;

[0035] Baffle 400, elastic member 410, hinge seat 420, adjusting screw 430, adjusting nut 431;

[0036] Detection structure 500 , signal transmitter 510 , and signal receiver 520 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as orientation or positional relationship indicated as up, down, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means more than two. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0041] Reference Figures 1 to 4 A hopper with anti-blocking and material-draining function according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a hopper body 100, a feeding pipe 200 and a crushing assembly 300. The feeding pipe 200 is installed below the hopper body 100. The hopper body 100 has a silo 110 and an installation chamber 120. The feeding pipe 200 is provided with a through hole 210 penetrating the feeding pipe 200. The through hole 210 is connected to the silo 110 and the installation chamber 120. Figure 1 As shown, the silo 110 is located at the center of the hopper body 100, and the installation chamber 120 is arranged outside the silo 110. The installation chamber 120 is separated by the side wall of the silo 110, but the bottom of the silo 110 and the bottom of the installation chamber 120 are both connected to the through hole 210. The crushing assembly 300 is installed in the installation chamber 120. Such a design can effectively prevent the material in the silo 110 from entering the installation chamber 120, and reduce the damage of the dust of the material to the crushing assembly 300; the crushing assembly 300 includes a telescopic structure 310 and a crushing structure 320, and the crushing structure 320 is installed at the movable end of the telescopic structure 310. The telescopic structure 310 can drive the crushing structure 320 to extend into the through hole 210 to move the material blocked in the through hole 210, thereby clearing the through hole 210; the telescopic structure 310 can be a telescopic cylinder, a telescopic oil cylinder, an electric telescopic device, etc.

[0042] Further, see Figure 1As shown, there are two installation chambers 120, and the two installation chambers 120 are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the silo 110. The two installation chambers 120 are both installed with crushing assemblies 300. The two crushing assemblies 300 are both inclined. The two crushing assemblies 300 can be operated simultaneously or alternately. The appropriate action mode can be selected according to the actual situation. It is preferred to use the two crushing assemblies 300 to act alternately.

[0043] It is conceivable that the silo 110 usually has four inner walls, so four installation chambers 120 may be provided, and the crushing components 300 are installed in the four installation chambers 120. However, for the sake of cost and loading convenience, it is preferred to only provide two installation chambers 120. Two installation chambers 120 can solve the material blockage in most cases, and the cost is lower.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present invention, the side wall of the installation chamber 120 is provided with an inspection door 130, and the crushing assembly 300 is installed on the inspection door 130. Figure 4 As shown, the inspection door 130 is arranged outside the installation room 120. The inspection door 130 can be opened, and the crushing assembly 300 is installed on the inspection door 130, which is convenient for observing and maintaining the crushing assembly 300, improving maintenance efficiency and reducing maintenance costs.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present invention, the crushing structure 320 is a wedge-shaped structure; Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the crushing structure 320 is in an inverted triangle shape. The wedge-shaped crushing structure 320 is easier to insert into the material, and the inverted triangle design can better move the material blocked in the through hole 210, thereby clearing the through hole 210 more quickly and effectively.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present invention, the crushing structure 320 is provided with an inclined surface 321 on one side facing the silo 110, and the inclined surface 321 is provided with a crushing needle 322, which extends toward the silo 110. Figure 3 As shown, the chamfered surface 321 gradually thickens from the end of the crushing structure 320, and the end of the chamfered surface 321 is the thinnest. This design is also for easier insertion into the material, thereby clearing the through hole 210. The crushing needle 322 is preferably made of metal material, and the crushing needle 322 is preferably welded to the chamfered surface 321 to ensure the rigidity and stability of the crushing needle 322. A plurality of crushing needles 322 are arranged at intervals on the chamfered surface 321. The crushing needles 322 are arranged to increase the contact area between the crushing structure 320 and the material, thereby better disturbing the material in the through hole 210.

[0047] In an embodiment of the present invention, the hopper with anti-blocking and material-draining function further includes a baffle 400 and a detection structure 500. The baffle 400 is disposed in the through hole 210. Figure 1 As shown, the top of the baffle 400 is hinged to the feed pipe 200 , and the bottom of the baffle 400 extends toward the center of the through hole 210 ; two baffles 400 are provided, and the two baffles 400 are respectively arranged under the two installation chambers 120 .

[0048] Further, see Figure 2 As shown, an elastic member 410 is disposed between the baffle 400 and the hole wall of the through hole 210. The elastic member 410 is installed in the through hole 210. A hinge seat 420 is disposed on the opposite sides of the two baffles 400. The two ends of the elastic member 410 in the length direction are respectively against the hinge seat 420 and the hole wall of the through hole 210. The two elastic members 410 are respectively used to apply a force to the two baffles 400 to move closer to each other. Specifically, the hinge seat 420 is disposed in the middle of the baffle 400. The hinge seat 420 is preferably welded to the baffle 400 to increase the stability of the connection between the two. Figure 4 As shown, each baffle 400 is provided with two hinge seats 420 , and the two hinge seats 420 are spaced apart along the width direction of the baffle 400 , and the crushing assembly 300 is arranged between the two hinge seats 420 , so as to avoid the hinge seats 420 affecting the movement of the crushing assembly 300 .

[0049] In the embodiment of the present invention, the hinge seat 420 is connected to an adjusting screw 430, the end of the adjusting screw 430 passes through the hole wall of the through hole 210 and is installed with an adjusting nut 431; the elastic member 410 is sleeved on the adjusting screw 430. For details, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the elastic member 410 is preferably a spring, and the adjusting nut 431 is connected to the end of the adjusting screw 430 passing through the hole wall of the through hole 210. In normal use, the elastic member 410 is in a compressed state, and by rotating the adjusting nut 431, the compressed length of the elastic member 410 can be adjusted, that is, the initial position of the baffle 400 can be adjusted; when the baffle 400 is in the initial position, the distance between the two baffles 400 is the smallest.

[0050] It can be imagined that, preferably, when the baffle 400 is in the initial position, the telescopic structure 310 of the crushing assembly 300 drives the crushing structure 320 to extend into the through hole 210 without contacting the baffle 400, thereby extending the service life of the equipment; but in order to more safely reduce the damage to the equipment caused by the contact between the two, the end of the crushing structure 320 is preferably set to an arc surface, thereby ensuring that even if the crushing structure 320 touches the baffle 400, it will not cause serious damage to the crushing structure 320 and the baffle 400.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present invention, the hopper with the function of preventing blocking and discharging materials further includes a detection structure 500, which is used to collect the action signals of the baffle 400 and / or the elastic member 410, and then control the action of the telescopic structure 310. Specifically, the detection structure 500 can collect the distance data between the hinge seat 420 of the baffle 400 and the hole wall of the through hole 210, and then obtain the action signal of the baffle 400; it can also collect the force data of the elastic member 410, and then obtain the action signal of the elastic member 410; or the detection structure 500 simultaneously collects the distance data between the hinge seat 420 of the baffle 400 and the hole wall of the through hole 210 and the force data of the elastic member 410, and the two kinds of data are mutually verified and analyzed, so as to more accurately judge whether the material is blocked in the through hole 210.

[0052] Furthermore, the distance data between the hinge seat 420 of the baffle 400 and the hole wall of the through hole 210 can be collected by setting a signal transmitter 510 and a signal receiver 520, for example, the signal transmitter 510 is installed on the hinge seat 420, and the signal receiver 520 is installed on the hole wall of the through hole 210, so that the action signal of the baffle 400 can be collected in real time. The force data of the elastic member 410 can be collected by setting a pressure sensor, for example, the pressure sensor is installed on the hole wall of the through hole 210 or the hinge seat 420, so that at least one end of the elastic member 410 in the length direction is against the pressure sensor. The above two data collection methods can be used either one or both. The hopper of this embodiment determines whether the hopper is blocked by setting a detection structure 500 to detect the action signals of the baffle 400 and / or the elastic member 410, and then controls the crushing assembly 300 to extend into the through hole 210 to clear the material, so that the hopper can detect the blockage problem in time during operation and automatically handle it, ensuring the normal operation of the hopper, reducing the occurrence of blockage, and improving the safety of the equipment.

[0053] In order to determine whether the material is blocked in the through hole 210, this embodiment further proposes a material discharge control method, which is applicable to the above-mentioned hopper with anti-blocking and material discharge function, and is characterized in that:

[0054] During the first set time period, the action signals of the baffle 400 and / or the elastic member 410 fluctuate within the set range, and the telescopic structure 310 drives the crushing structure 320 to move into the through hole 210 to reach the set number of times; specifically, the first set time period, the set range, and the set number of times can be set according to actual conditions, and the set number of times can also set whether the two crushing components 300 act simultaneously or alternately. Generally speaking, during normal material discharge, the material will continuously pass through the through hole 210, and the material will push the two baffles 400 to move in opposite directions when passing through the through hole 210. At the same time, due to mutual extrusion and adhesion between the materials, the speed of the materials when passing through the through hole 210 is not continuously uniform. Therefore, the two baffles 400 will repeatedly approach and move away from each other during normal material discharge. Correspondingly, the action signals of the baffle 400 or the elastic member 410 should also fluctuate within a larger range; on the contrary, if a blockage occurs in the through hole 210, the material cannot Through the through hole 210, the baffle 400 hardly moves, and the elastic member 410 basically remains stable, so the action signal of the baffle 400 and / or the elastic member 410 will fluctuate within a smaller range. Therefore, when the action signal fluctuation range of the baffle 400 or the elastic member 410 is small within the first set time period, it can be basically determined that a blockage has occurred in the through hole 210. At this time, the crushing component 300 needs to be actuated to unclog the through hole 210. In order to increase the probability of the crushing component 300 to unclog the through hole 210, it is preferred that the crushing component 300 actuates several times.

[0055] Furthermore, in most cases, the through hole 210 can be unblocked by the action of the crushing assembly 300, but in special cases, there may be a situation where the through hole 210 is not unblocked by the crushing assembly 300. In this case, it is necessary to discover in time and intervene manually; in order to discover in time that the through hole 210 is not unblocked by the crushing assembly 300, the unloading method sets a second layer of protection measures, that is, after the telescopic structure 310 drives the crushing structure 320 to move into the through hole 210 for a set number of times, within the second set time period, the action signal of the baffle 400 and / or the elastic member 410 still fluctuates within the set range, and the detection structure 500 will emit an audible and visual alarm to remind humans to come and handle it. The length of the second set time period can be the same or different from the length of the first set time period, and can be specifically set according to actual conditions. By adopting the above-mentioned unloading control method, blocked materials can be unblocked in time and the probability of equipment damage can be reduced.

[0056] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0057] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hopper with anti-blocking and material-draining functions, characterized in that: include: The hopper body has a hopper and a mounting chamber; A feeding pipe is installed below the hopper body, the feeding pipe is provided with a through hole penetrating the feeding pipe, and the through hole is communicated with the silo and the installation chamber; A crushing assembly is installed in the installation chamber; the crushing assembly includes a telescopic structure and a crushing structure, the crushing structure is installed at the movable end of the telescopic structure, and the telescopic structure can drive the crushing structure to move into the through hole; A baffle is installed in the through hole, and an elastic member is provided between the baffle and the hole wall of the through hole; The detection structure is used to collect the action signals of the baffle and / or the elastic member, and then control the action of the telescopic structure.

2. A hopper with anti-blocking and material-draining function according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two installation chambers, which are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the silo, and the crushing components are installed in the two installation chambers.

3. A hopper with anti-blocking and material-draining function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the installation chamber is provided with an inspection door, and the crushing assembly is installed on the inspection door.

4. A hopper with anti-blocking and material-draining function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing structure is a wedge-shaped structure, and the end of the crushing structure is an arc surface.

5. The hopper with anti-blocking and material-draining function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A chamfered surface is provided on one side of the crushing structure facing the silo, and a crushing needle is installed on the chamfered surface. The crushing needle extends toward the silo.

6. The hopper with anti-blocking and material-draining function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member is installed in the through hole; the baffle is provided with a hinge seat, and the two ends of the elastic member in the length direction are respectively against the hinge seat and the hole wall of the through hole.

7. A hopper with anti-blocking and material-draining functions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hinge seat is connected with an adjusting screw, the end of which passes through the hole wall of the through hole and is installed with an adjusting nut; the elastic member is sleeved on the adjusting screw.

8. The hopper with anti-blocking and material-draining function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The detection structure comprises a signal transmitter and a signal receiver, wherein the signal transmitter is mounted on the hinge seat, and the signal receiver is mounted on the hole wall of the through hole.

9. The hopper with anti-blocking and material-draining function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The detection structure comprises a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is mounted on the hole wall of the through hole or the hinge seat, and at least one end of the elastic member in the length direction is against the pressure sensor.

10. A material discharge control method, applicable to the hopper with anti-blocking and material discharge function according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: In a first set time period, the action signal of the baffle and / or the elastic member fluctuates within a set range, and the telescopic structure drives the crushing structure to move into the through hole for a set number of times; After the telescopic structure drives the crushing structure to move into the through hole for a set number of times, within a second set time period, the action signal of the baffle and / or the elastic member fluctuates within a set range, and the detection structure emits an audible and visual alarm.

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