Equipment and method for extracting metallic silver from waste photovoltaic cells

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal extraction, in particular to metal silver extraction equipment for waste photovoltaic cells, which comprises a bottom plate and an outer shell, the bottom plate is fixedly connected with the outer shell, an inner shell is movably arranged in the outer shell, a processing device for mixing materials is arranged in the inner shell, and the inner shell is arranged in the outer shell and a motor is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate. When a worker uses the device, the device is moved to a preset position to be fixed and positioned, after fixation is completed, waste photovoltaic cells to be processed are poured into an inner shell of the device, after materials are added, reaction liquid is added into the inner shell of the device, a motor on a bottom plate of the device is started, and then the waste photovoltaic cells are processed. When the motor rotates, the rotating shaft fixed to the output end of the motor is driven to rotate, the rotating ring rotationally arranged on the rotating shaft is driven to start to rotate through elastic force generated by the torsion spring in the rotating process of the rotating shaft, and the adjusting plate movably connected to the rotating ring keeps consistent with the rotating direction of the rotating shaft in the rotating process of the rotating ring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal extraction, in particular to a device for extracting metallic silver from waste photovoltaic cells. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic modules are made up of multiple single solar cells connected in series and in parallel and packaged. They are the core part of solar power stations. After the photovoltaic panels are scrapped, the crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules need to be harmlessly treated and recycled. There are many methods including heat treatment, organic solvent treatment, laser knife and other ways to completely separate the packaging glass and the backplane, so as to extract the photovoltaic cells. The cells contain metals such as silver and copper. If they can be extracted, they can be sold as by-products. At present, there is no device to extract the silver and copper elements in photovoltaic cells.

[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned disclosed problems, a metal extraction device for photovoltaic cells has been disclosed with announcement number CN117431398A, comprising: a pickling tank, a first filter tank and a second filter tank, the upper opening of the pickling tank being openable and closable and sealedly connected to a top cover, a first heating device, a first ultrasonic oscillation device and a pH meter being arranged in the pickling tank; the liquid inlet of the first filter tank is connected to the liquid outlet of the pickling tank through a first pipeline, and a first filter device is arranged in the first filter tank; the liquid inlet of the second filter tank is connected to the liquid outlet of the first filter tank through a second pipeline, a second filter device is arranged in the second filter tank, and the liquid outlet of the second filter tank is connected to the liquid inlet of the pickling tank through a third pipeline.

[0004] However, during the use of the above-mentioned disclosed device, the silver and copper elements doped in the pickling tank are extracted through the first filtering device and the second filtering device. However, during the extraction process, the first filtering device of the device is simultaneously enriched with multiple elements, resulting in impure elements in the second element pool after filtration. The extraction rate of the silver extraction equipment is low and industrial production cannot be completed. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the problem to be solved by the present application is: during the use of the above-mentioned disclosed device, the silver element and the copper element doped in the pickling tank are extracted through the first filtering device and the second filtering device, but during the extraction process, the first filtering device of the device is simultaneously rich in multiple elements, which leads to impure elements in the second element pool after filtration, and the extraction rate of the silver extraction equipment is low, and industrial production cannot be completed.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the technical problem is: a metal silver extraction device for waste photovoltaic cells, comprising a bottom plate and a shell, wherein the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the shell, an inner shell is movably arranged in the shell, and a processing device for mixing materials is arranged in the inner shell; The processing device comprises a motor fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, a rotating shaft penetrating the inner shell is fixedly arranged on the output end of the motor, the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the bottom of the inner shell, and a protection mechanism and a stirring unit are arranged on the body of the rotating shaft in sequence from top to bottom, and a layer of isolation net is arranged between the protection mechanism and the stirring unit; The protection mechanism includes a positioning plate fixedly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft, a rotating ring is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft, a torsion spring is fixedly arranged between the rotating ring and the positioning plate, a limiting ring is fixedly arranged on the rotating ring, and an adjusting plate is rotatably arranged on the limiting ring.

[0007] Preferably, four mutually parallel support columns are fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, and each of the support columns is evenly distributed at each corner of the bottom plate, and an anti-slip plate is fixedly arranged on the bottom end of each of the support columns.

[0008] Preferably, the depth of the outer shell is not less than the depth of the inner shell, and the inner shell is arranged in a funnel shape with a small bottom and a large top.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating ring is provided with three axially arranged sliding grooves, a telescopic plate is slidably arranged in the sliding groove, and a spring is fixedly arranged between the telescopic plate and the bottom end of the sliding groove, a limiting plate is fixedly arranged on the end of the adjusting plate close to the rotating shaft, a limiting groove is arranged on the limiting plate, and a limiting rod matching the limiting groove is fixedly arranged on the telescopic plate.

[0010] Preferably, the adjustment plate is arc-shaped, and the length of the adjustment plate is not less than the radius of the limiting ring.

[0011] Preferably, the stirring unit includes a cylinder fixedly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft, and a guide groove is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder, a plurality of vertical rods are fixedly arranged on the bottom of the inner shell, and a plurality of the vertical rods are provided with positioning grooves, a stirring rod is slidably arranged on the positioning groove, and the other end of the stirring rod is slidably arranged in the guide groove.

[0012] Preferably, two mutually parallel clamping plates are fixedly provided on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring rod, and the distance between the two clamping plates is not less than the thickness of the vertical rod.

[0013] Preferably, a positioning ring is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the outer shell, a plurality of mutually parallel supporting plates are fixedly provided on the upper end surface of the positioning ring, a clamping ring is fixedly provided at the port at the upper end of the inner shell, and a notch matching the supporting plate is opened on the clamping ring.

[0014] Preferably, one side of the support plate is inclined, and the other side is vertically arranged.

[0015] A method for manufacturing a metallic silver extraction device for waste photovoltaic cells, comprising the following steps: S1, when using the device, the staff first moves the device to a predetermined position for fixing and positioning, and after the fixing is completed, the waste photovoltaic cells to be processed are poured into the inner shell of the device, and after the materials are added, the reaction liquid is added to the inner shell of the device; S2, the motor on the bottom plate of the starter device is driven to rotate the shaft fixed on its output end when the motor rotates. During the rotation of the shaft, the elastic force generated by the torsion spring drives the rotating ring set on the shaft to start rotating. During the rotation of the rotating ring, the adjustment plate movably connected to the rotating ring keeps the same direction as the rotation of the shaft, and the photovoltaic cell placed on the upper layer of the isolation net is moved to fully mix with the reaction liquid to avoid the occurrence of mixing dead corners; S3, as the reaction proceeds, some finely divided materials will pass through the isolation net and scatter in the lower area of ​​the inner shell. At this time, the rotating shaft drives the cylinder fixed on its outer circumference to rotate. The rotating cylinder controls the stirring rod slidingly arranged on the vertical rod to move up and down along the slide groove through the arc-shaped guide groove on its outer circumference, thereby stirring and mixing the lower layer solution in the inner shell.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the present application provides a metallic silver extraction device for waste photovoltaic cells, which is provided with an inner shell arranged in an outer shell and a motor fixedly arranged on a bottom plate. When using the device, the staff first moves the device to a predetermined position for fixed positioning, and after the fixing is completed, the waste photovoltaic cells to be processed are poured into the inner shell of the device. After the material is added, the reaction liquid is added to the inner shell of the device, and the motor on the bottom plate of the device is started. When the motor rotates, it drives the rotating shaft fixed on its output end to rotate. During the rotation of the rotating shaft, the elastic force generated by the torsion spring drives the rotating ring arranged on the rotating shaft to start rotating, and during the rotation of the rotating ring, the adjustment plate movably connected to the rotating ring keeps the same direction of rotation of the rotating shaft, and the photovoltaic cells placed on the upper layer of the isolation net are moved to mix fully with the reaction liquid, avoiding the occurrence of mixing dead corners, and ensuring that the solution in the inner shell reacts fully with the material to extract the required silver element in the material.

[0017] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present application also has other purposes, features and advantages. The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the housing of the present invention; Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the inner shell of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the processing device of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the swivel of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment plate of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the stirring rod structure of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning ring structure of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1, bottom plate; 11, support column; 12, anti-skid plate; 2, outer shell; 3, inner shell; 4, motor; 41, rotating shaft; 5, positioning plate; 51, rotating ring; 511, sliding groove; 512, telescopic plate; 513, spring 1; 514, limiting plate; 515, limiting groove; 516, limiting rod; 52, torsion spring; 53, limiting ring; 54, adjusting plate; 6, cylinder; 61, guide groove; 62, vertical rod; 63, positioning groove; 64, stirring rod; 641, clamping plate; 7, positioning ring; 71, supporting plate; 72, clamping ring; 73, notch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0021] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 , a metallic silver extraction device for waste photovoltaic cells, comprising a bottom plate 1 and a shell 2, the bottom plate 1 and the shell 2 are fixedly connected, an inner shell 3 is movably arranged in the shell 2, and a processing device for mixing materials is arranged in the inner shell 3; The processing device includes a motor 4 fixedly arranged on the bottom plate 1, a rotating shaft 41 penetrating the inner shell 3 is fixedly arranged on the output end of the motor 4, the rotating shaft 41 is perpendicular to the bottom of the inner shell 3, and a protection mechanism and a stirring unit are arranged on the body of the rotating shaft 41 in a direction from top to bottom, and a layer of isolation net is arranged between the protection mechanism and the stirring unit; The protection mechanism includes a positioning plate 5 fixedly arranged on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 41, a rotating ring 51 is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft 41, a torsion spring 52 is fixedly arranged between the rotating ring 51 and the positioning plate 5, a limiting ring 53 is fixedly arranged on the rotating ring 51, and an adjusting plate 54 is rotatably arranged on the limiting ring 53.

[0023] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 Four mutually parallel support columns 11 are fixedly arranged on the base plate 1, and each support column 11 is evenly distributed at each corner of the base plate 1, and an anti-skid plate 12 is fixedly arranged on the bottom end of each support column 11. By arranging the support columns 11 on the base plate 1, the support function of the entire device is realized. At the same time, each support column 11 is arranged at the corner of the base plate 1 so that each support column 11 can be evenly stressed during the support process of the device, thereby avoiding damage to the support column 11 due to uneven force during the support process. At the same time, the anti-skid plate 12 arranged on the bottom end of the support column 11 can increase the friction between the device and the ground, thereby avoiding the device from slipping during use.

[0024] Reference Figure 3-Figure 5 The depth of the outer shell 2 is not less than the depth of the inner shell 3, and the inner shell 3 is funnel-shaped with a small bottom and a large top. By setting the depth relationship between the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3, when the staff needs to take out the material in the inner shell 3, the inner shell 3 in the tilting device can be simply and conveniently taken out.

[0025] Reference Figure 4-Figure 6 The rotating ring 51 is provided with three axially arranged sliding grooves 511, and a telescopic plate 512 is slidably arranged in the sliding groove 511, and a spring 513 is fixedly arranged between the telescopic plate 512 and the bottom end of the sliding groove 511, and a limiting plate 514 is fixedly arranged on the end of the adjusting plate 54 close to the rotating shaft 41, and a limiting groove 515 is arranged on the limiting plate 514, and a limiting rod 516 matching the limiting groove 515 is fixedly arranged on the telescopic plate 512. Through the three sliding grooves 511 arranged on the rotating ring 51, it is realized that during the operation of the device, the rotating shaft 41 can drive the positioning plate 5 fixed on its outer circumference to rotate The rotating positioning disk 5 drives the rotating ring 51 to rotate through the torsion spring 52, and as the rotating ring 51 rotates, it drives the adjusting plate 54 to rotate. The rotating adjusting plate 54 can flip the material in the inner shell 3 to ensure that the material can fully contact and react with the solution. In addition, by means of the torsion spring 52 arranged between the rotating ring 51 and the positioning disk 5, the adjusting plate 54 can evacuate the material as the weight of the material is different or the material is stuck with the inner wall of the inner shell 3. If the force of the sticking is large, the adjusting plate 54 stops rotating, and the torsion of the torsion spring 52 gradually increases until the inner shell 3 is driven to rotate.

[0026] Reference Figure 6-Figure 8The shape of the adjusting plate 54 is arc-shaped, and the length of the adjusting plate 54 is not less than the radius of the limiting ring 53. By setting the adjusting plate 54 in an arc shape, the impact force of the adjusting plate 54 on the material is reduced and the protection function of the adjusting plate 54 is improved.

[0027] Reference Figure 3-Figure 5 The stirring unit includes a cylinder 6 fixedly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 41, and a guide groove 61 is opened on the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder 6. A plurality of vertical rods 62 are fixedly arranged on the bottom of the inner shell 3, and a plurality of vertical rods 62 are opened on the plurality of vertical rods 62. A stirring rod 64 is slidably arranged on the positioning groove 63, and the other end of the stirring rod 64 is slidably arranged in the guide groove 61. By setting the cylinder 6 on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 41, the cylinder 6 is driven to rotate during the rotation of the rotating shaft 41. The rotating cylinder 6 can drive the stirring rod 64 on the vertical rod 62 to move through the guide groove 61, so as to achieve stirring and mixing of the solution inside the inner shell 3 and improve the reaction efficiency of the device.

[0028] Reference Figure 5-Figure 7 Two parallel clamping plates 641 are fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the stirring rod 64, and the distance between the two clamping plates 641 is not less than the thickness of the vertical rod 62. The clamping plates 641 arranged on the outer surface of the stirring rod 64 ensure that the stirring rod 64 will not be displaced during the movement.

[0029] Reference Figure 6-Figure 8 A positioning ring 7 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the outer shell 2, and a plurality of mutually parallel supporting plates 71 are fixedly provided on the upper end surface of the positioning ring 7. A snap ring 72 is fixedly provided at the port at the upper end of the inner shell 3, and a notch 73 matching the supporting plate 71 is provided on the snap ring 72. By means of the positioning ring 7 provided on the outer shell 2 and the supporting plate 71 on the positioning ring 7, it is achieved that when the torsion force of the torsion spring 52 gradually increases until the inner shell 3 is driven to rotate, when the supporting plate 71 moves to the position of the notch 73 on the snap ring 72, a rapid falling process occurs in the inner shell 3, and the material clamped on the inner wall of the inner shell 3 is jolted to avoid the device from being stuck.

[0030] Reference Figure 8 One side of the support plate 71 is inclined and the other side is vertically arranged. The vertical plane arranged on the support plate 71 can increase the falling speed of the device.

[0031] The specific plan is: S1, when using the device, the staff first moves the device to a predetermined position for fixed positioning, and after the fixing is completed, the waste photovoltaic cells to be processed are poured into the inner shell 3 of the device, and after the material is added, the reaction liquid is added to the inner shell 3 of the device; S2, start the motor 4 on the bottom plate 1 of the device, when the motor 4 rotates, it drives the shaft 41 fixed on its output end to rotate, during the rotation of the shaft 41, the elastic force generated by the torsion spring 52 drives the rotating ring 51 set on the shaft 41 to start rotating, and during the rotation of the rotating ring 51, the adjusting plate 54 movably connected to the rotating ring 51 keeps the same direction of rotation as the shaft 41, and the photovoltaic cells placed on the upper layer of the isolation net are moved to fully mix with the reaction liquid to avoid the occurrence of mixing dead corners. During the operation of the device, the rotating shaft 41 can drive the fixed The positioning plate 5 rotates, and the rotating positioning plate 5 drives the rotating ring 51 to rotate through the torsion spring 52, and as the rotating ring 51 rotates, it drives the adjusting plate 54 to rotate, and the rotating adjusting plate 54 can flip the material in the inner shell 3 to ensure that the material can fully contact and react with the solution, and through the torsion spring 52 set between the rotating ring 51 and the positioning plate 5, it is achieved that as the weight of the material is different or the material is stuck with the inner wall of the inner shell 3, the adjusting plate 54 can evacuate the material. If the force of the sticking is large, the adjusting plate 54 stops rotating at this time, and the torsion of the torsion spring 52 gradually increases until the inner shell 3 is driven to rotate; S3, by setting the cylinder 6 on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 41, it is realized that the cylinder 6 is driven to rotate during the rotation of the rotating shaft 41. The rotating cylinder 6 can drive the stirring rod 64 on the vertical rod 62 to move through the guide groove 61, thereby stirring and mixing the solution inside the inner shell 3, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of the device.

[0032] A person skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is only exemplary, and within the spirit of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0033] The present invention is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for extracting metallic silver from waste photovoltaic cells, comprising a base plate (1) and a housing (2), characterized in that: The bottom plate (1) is fixedly connected to the outer shell (2); an inner shell (3) is movably arranged inside the outer shell (2); and a processing device for mixing materials is arranged inside the inner shell (3); The processing device comprises a motor (4) fixedly arranged on the bottom plate (1), a rotating shaft (41) penetrating the inner shell (3) being fixedly arranged on the output end of the motor (4), the rotating shaft (41) being perpendicular to the bottom of the inner shell (3), and a protective mechanism and a stirring unit being arranged in sequence on the main body of the rotating shaft (41) from top to bottom, and a layer of isolation net being arranged between the protective mechanism and the stirring unit; The protection mechanism comprises a positioning plate (5) fixedly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft (41); a rotating ring (51) is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft (41); a torsion spring (52) is fixedly arranged between the rotating ring (51) and the positioning plate (5); a limiting ring (53) is fixedly arranged on the rotating ring (51); and an adjusting plate (54) is rotatably arranged on the limiting ring (53).

2. The metallic silver extraction device for waste photovoltaic cells according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Four mutually parallel support columns (11) are fixedly arranged on the bottom plate (1), and each of the support columns (11) is evenly distributed at each corner of the bottom plate (1), and an anti-slip plate (12) is fixedly arranged on the bottom end of each of the support columns (11).

3. The metallic silver extraction device for waste photovoltaic cells according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The depth of the outer shell (2) is not less than the depth of the inner shell (3), and the inner shell (3) is arranged in a funnel shape with a small bottom and a large top.

4. The metallic silver extraction device for waste photovoltaic cells according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rotating ring (51) is provided with three axially arranged sliding grooves (511), a telescopic plate (512) is slidably arranged in the sliding groove (511), and a spring (513) is fixedly arranged between the telescopic plate (512) and the bottom end of the sliding groove (511), a limiting plate (514) is fixedly arranged on one end of the adjusting plate (54) close to the rotating shaft (41), a limiting groove (515) is provided on the limiting plate (514), and a limiting rod (516) matching the limiting groove (515) is fixedly arranged on the telescopic plate (512).

5. The metallic silver extraction device for waste photovoltaic cells according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The outer shape of the adjustment plate (54) is arranged in an arc shape, and the length of the adjustment plate (54) is not less than the radius of the limiting ring (53).

6. The metallic silver extraction device for waste photovoltaic cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring unit comprises a cylinder (6) fixedly arranged on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft (41), and a guide groove (61) is provided on the outer circumference of the cylinder (6); a plurality of vertical rods (62) are fixedly arranged on the bottom of the inner shell (3), and a plurality of vertical rods (62) are provided with positioning grooves (63); a stirring rod (64) is slidably arranged on the positioning groove (63), and the other end of the stirring rod (64) is slidably arranged in the guide groove (61).

7. The metallic silver extraction device for waste photovoltaic cells according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Two mutually parallel clamping plates (641) are fixedly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring rod (64), and the distance between the two clamping plates (641) is not less than the thickness of the vertical rod (62).

8. The metallic silver extraction device for waste photovoltaic cells according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A positioning ring (7) is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the outer shell (2), and a plurality of mutually parallel supporting plates (71) are fixedly provided on the upper end surface of the positioning ring (7). A clamping ring (72) is fixedly provided at the port at the upper end of the inner shell (3), and a notch (73) matching the supporting plate (71) is formed on the clamping ring (72).

9. The metallic silver extraction device for waste photovoltaic cells according to claim 8, characterized in that: One side of the support plate (71) is arranged in an inclined manner, and the other side is arranged in a vertical manner.

10. A device for extracting metallic silver from waste photovoltaic cells, comprising the method for producing a device for extracting metallic silver from waste photovoltaic cells according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, when using the device, the staff first moves the device to a predetermined position for fixing and positioning, and after the fixing is completed, the waste photovoltaic cells to be processed are poured into the inner shell of the device, and after the materials are added, the reaction liquid is added to the inner shell of the device; S2, the motor on the bottom plate of the starter device is driven to rotate the shaft fixed on its output end when the motor rotates. During the rotation of the shaft, the elastic force generated by the torsion spring drives the rotating ring set on the shaft to start rotating. During the rotation of the rotating ring, the adjustment plate movably connected to the rotating ring keeps the same direction as the rotation of the shaft, and the photovoltaic cell placed on the upper layer of the isolation net is moved to fully mix with the reaction liquid to avoid the occurrence of mixing dead corners; S3, as the reaction proceeds, some finely divided materials will pass through the isolation net and scatter in the lower area of ​​the inner shell. At this time, the rotating shaft drives the cylinder fixed on its outer circumference to rotate. The rotating cylinder controls the stirring rod slidingly arranged on the vertical rod to move up and down along the slide groove through the arc-shaped guide groove on its outer circumference, thereby stirring and mixing the lower layer solution in the inner shell.

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