Preparation process of gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation process of a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc, and relates to the technical field of alloy production, and the preparation process comprises the following steps: step 1, material preparation: preparing raw materials for preparing the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc according to a mass ratio; 2, smelting, wherein the raw materials prepared in the step 1 are added into a smelting furnace to be smelted, and molten iron is formed; 3, the molten iron is subjected to casting molding, and a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting piece is formed; in the step 3, the pouring speed of the molten iron is determined for pouring based on the parameters of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc pouring piece and the parameters of the current to-be-poured molten iron; 4, surface cleaning is conducted on the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting part; 5, the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting part with the cleaned surface is machined; and 6, the processed gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting piece is subjected to heat treatment, and the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc is obtained. The pouring speed is adjusted according to the specific pouring condition, it is guaranteed that the proper pouring speed is selected during pouring, and the pouring quality is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of alloy production, in particular to a preparation process of a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc. Background Art

[0002] The brake disc is an essential component of all vehicle braking systems. It is fixed on the axle and rotates with the wheel. When braking, the brake pad is squeezed onto the brake disc under the push of the caliper piston. The friction between the brake pad and the brake disc reduces the wheel speed, thereby achieving the purpose of decelerating and braking the vehicle.

[0003] Pouring speed is an important factor affecting the quality of castings. The speed of pouring directly affects the filling property, gas discharge, temperature distribution and other aspects of the casting, thereby affecting the quality and performance of the casting. The existing preparation process of brake discs, such as the casting method of CN107385313A brake disc, has the following problems: in the process of pouring molten iron into the mold, there is a lack of control process for the pouring speed, and it is impossible to adjust the pouring speed according to the specific pouring conditions (such as the parameters of the brake disc casting and the parameters of the current molten iron to be poured), which easily affects the pouring quality. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a preparation process of a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc, which is used to solve the technical problems raised by the above background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a preparation process of a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc, comprising: Step 1: Ingredients: Prepare raw materials for preparing gray iron 500 cast iron brake discs according to mass ratio; the raw materials for preparing gray iron 500 cast iron brake discs include: iron, carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus, copper, nickel, and molybdenum; Step 2: Smelting: Add the raw materials prepared in step 1 into a smelting furnace for smelting to form molten iron; Step 3: pouring the molten iron into a shape to form a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting; in step 3, the pouring speed of the molten iron is determined based on the parameters of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting and the parameters of the current molten iron to be poured for pouring.

[0006] Preferably, it also includes: Step 4: Clean the surface of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting; Step 5: Process the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting after surface cleaning; Step 6: heat-treating the processed gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting to obtain a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc.

[0007] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing gray iron 500 cast iron brake discs are composed of: carbon 3.0%-3.1%; silicon 2.0%-2.2%, manganese 0.7%-0.85%; phosphorus less than 0.04%; copper 0.4%-0.5%; nickel 0.2%-0.3%; molybdenum 0.2%-0.3%; and the rest is iron.

[0008] Preferably, in the metallographic structure of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc: type A graphite is greater than or equal to 90%, length grade 3-5, pearlite is greater than or equal to 95%, ferrite is less than or equal to 5%, carbide + phosphorus eutectic is less than or equal to 5%, phosphorus eutectic is less than or equal to 2%; Gray 500 cast iron brake discs have graphite grades 3-5.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged at intervals on the peripheral side walls of the cavity of the mold to be cast, the temperature sensors are used to detect the temperature of the molten iron at the corresponding position, and the temperature sensors are arranged at the bottom end of the corresponding side walls of the cavity of the mold to be cast, and a plurality of liquid level sensors are arranged at intervals horizontally in the mold to be cast, the liquid level sensors are used to detect the liquid level height of the molten iron in the cavity of the mold to be cast; Step 3 includes: Step S31: obtaining parameters of a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting; Step S32: obtaining parameters of the molten iron to be poured; the parameters of the molten iron to be poured include: dynamic viscosity of the molten iron to be poured, density of the molten iron to be poured; Step S33: determining a first pouring speed based on step S31 and step S32; Step S34: pouring the molten iron to be poured into the pouring mold at a first pouring speed and a first preset time, and controlling the liquid level sensor and the temperature sensor to perform multiple detections within the first preset time; Step S35: constructing a liquid level change curve based on the detection values ​​of the liquid level sensor within the first preset time, and constructing a temperature change curve based on the detection values ​​of the temperature sensor within the first preset time; in the liquid level change curve, the horizontal axis is the pouring time, and the vertical axis is the average detection values ​​of all liquid level sensors corresponding to the pouring time; in the temperature change curve, the horizontal axis is the pouring time, and the vertical axis is the average detection values ​​of all temperature sensors corresponding to the pouring time; Step S36: Based on step S34 and step S35, a target casting speed is obtained, and the casting of the current gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting is continued at the target casting speed.

[0010] Preferably, the first pouring speed is calculated based on the following formula: ; is the first pouring speed, is the mass of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting; h is the average wall thickness of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting; is the dynamic viscosity of the molten iron to be poured; is the density of the molten iron to be poured; is the acceleration due to gravity; c is the unit time; is the volume of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting; S is the surface area of ​​the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting; e is a natural constant; is the unit thickness; is the unit mass.

[0011] Preferably, the target pouring speed is calculated based on the following formula: ; ; ; is the target pouring speed, is the first pouring speed; is the natural logarithm; e is the natural constant; is the average slope of the liquid level change curve within the current first preset time period; is the preset reference liquid level slope; is the liquid level change rate corresponding to the i-1th detection and the i-th detection of the liquid level sensor within the current first preset time period; is the average detection value of all liquid level sensors during the i-th detection of the liquid level sensor within the current first preset time period; is the average detection value of all liquid level sensors during the i-1th detection of the liquid level sensor within the current first preset time period; For the current first preset duration Greater than The number of times; The first preset duration before Less than N is the total number of detections of each liquid level sensor within the current first preset time period; The time interval between two consecutive detections of the liquid level sensor within the current first preset time period; is the average slope of the temperature change curve within the current first preset time period; is the preset reference temperature slope; The value is 3.14; is the average detection value of all temperature sensors during the i-th detection of the temperature sensor within the current first preset time period; is the average detection value of all temperature sensors during the i-1th detection of the temperature sensor within the current first preset time period; For the current first preset duration Greater than The number of times; For the current first preset duration Less than n is the total number of detections of each temperature sensor within the current first preset time length; The time interval between two consecutive detections by the temperature sensor within the current first preset time period; It is the temperature change rate corresponding to the i-1th detection and the i-th detection of the liquid level sensor within the current first preset time period.

[0012] Preferably, the surface cleaning includes shot blasting cleaning, and the shot blasting cleaning is performed based on a shot blasting device, and the shot blasting device includes: A workbench, a support frame is fixedly connected to the lower end of the workbench, a box is fixedly connected to the upper end of the workbench, a shot blasting device is connected to the right side of the box, a box door is connected to the front side of the box, the box is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by a horizontal partition, a vertical drive shaft is rotatably connected to the horizontal partition, a mounting plate is connected to the vertical drive shaft, the mounting plate is used to install a gray iron cast iron brake disc casting, and a first drive motor that drives the vertical drive shaft to rotate is arranged in the upper cavity.

[0013] Preferably, the upper end of the workbench is also fixedly connected to a storage box, and a controller is installed on the upper end of the storage box; the controller is electrically connected to the shot blasting device, the air supply device, and the first drive motor respectively; the top of the box is fixedly connected to the air supply device, and the air outlet pipe of the air supply device is connected to the shot blasting device; The shot blasting device includes: The shot blasting seat is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the right side of the box body, the spiral conveying chamber is arranged in the shot blasting seat, the spiral conveying shaft is arranged in the spiral conveying chamber, the spiral conveying shaft is driven to rotate by the second driving motor, and the feed port at the lower part of the spiral conveying chamber is connected with the shot discharge port of the box body; A connecting shell is connected to the right inner wall of the box body, the discharge port of the connecting shell is connected to the shot blasting nozzle, the shot discharge channel is connected to the connecting shell and the discharge port on the upper part of the spiral conveying chamber, the shot discharge channel is arranged in the shot blasting seat, and an air inlet channel connected to the shot discharge channel is arranged on the upper part of the shot blasting seat, the air inlet of the air inlet channel is connected to the air outlet of the air outlet pipe 1, the shot blasting seat is also provided with a shot adding port connected to the right part of the shot discharge channel, and the feed port of the shot adding port is detachably connected to a sealing cover.

[0014] Preferably, the shot blasting equipment further comprises: a separation device, the separation device comprising: A screen mesh 1 which is lower on the left and higher on the right, the left and right parts of a lower end of the screen mesh are respectively connected to the upper end of an elastic support member 1, the lower end of the elastic support member is connected to the inner wall of the corresponding side of the box body, a block 1 is arranged on the upper end of the left part of the screen mesh 1, and an inclined surface 1 which is lower on the left and higher on the right is arranged on the upper end of the block 1; A screen mesh 2 is higher on the left and lower on the right, the left and right parts of the lower end of the screen mesh 2 are respectively connected to the upper end of the elastic support member 2, the lower end of the elastic support member 2 is connected to the inner wall of the corresponding side of the box body, the screen mesh 2 is located below the screen mesh 1, a block body 2 is arranged at the lower end of the left part of the screen mesh 2, and a slope 2 which is higher on the left and lower on the right is arranged at the lower end of the block body; a discharge channel is arranged at the lower end of the left side wall of the box body, a collecting box is fixedly connected to the lower end of the workbench, and the collecting box is connected to the discharge channel, the upper part of the discharge channel is connected to the first discharge port, and the first discharge port is located between the screen mesh 1 and the screen mesh 2, a shot discharge port is arranged on the right inner wall of the box body above the screen mesh 2, the shot discharge port is connected to the feed port of the shot blasting device, and the shot discharge port is located between the screen mesh 1 and the screen mesh 2; A control chamber, the control chamber is arranged on the left side wall of the box body, and the right inner wall of the control chamber is connected to the fixed end of the horizontal telescopic rod; The connecting frame includes: a vertical rod, an upper horizontal rod is integrally arranged at the upper end of the vertical rod, a lower horizontal rod is integrally arranged at the lower end of the vertical rod, the vertical rod is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic rod, the horizontal telescopic rod, the upper horizontal rod, and the lower horizontal rod are all horizontally arranged along the left and right directions, the vertical rod is located in the control cavity, the upper horizontal rod and the right parts of the lower horizontal rod are both penetrated into the box body, a sphere one is arranged at the right end of the upper horizontal rod, the sphere one is in contact with the inclined plane one, a vertical connecting rod is arranged at the upper end of the right part of the lower horizontal rod, a sphere two is arranged at the upper end of the vertical connecting rod, and the sphere two is in contact with the inclined plane two.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention determines the pouring speed of molten iron according to the parameters of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting piece and the parameters of the molten iron to be poured, thereby adjusting the pouring speed according to the specific pouring situation, ensuring that a suitable pouring speed is selected during pouring, and ensuring the pouring quality.

[0017] The present invention solves the following problems raised in the background technology: the existing preparation process of brake discs, such as the casting method of brake discs in CN107385313A, has: in the process of pouring molten iron into the mold, there is a lack of control process for the pouring speed, and the pouring speed cannot be adjusted according to the specific pouring conditions (such as the parameters of the brake disc casting and the parameters of the molten iron to be poured currently), which easily affects the pouring quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the shot blasting equipment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the box of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the A region; Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of area B in FIG.

[0019] In the figure: 1. workbench; 2. support frame; 3. box body; 31. upper cavity; 32. lower cavity; 33. box door; 34. shot discharge port; 35. first discharge port; 36. discharge channel; 37. control chamber; 38. air outlet channel; 4. shot blasting device; 41. shot blasting seat; 42. spiral conveying chamber; 43. spiral conveying shaft; 44. second driving motor; 45. connecting shell; 46. shot blasting nozzle; 47. shot discharge channel; 48. air inlet channel; 49. shot adding port; 5. air outlet pipe 1; 6. horizontal partition; 7. vertical driving shaft; 8. mounting plate; 9. separation device ; 91. Screen one; 92. Elastic support member one; 921. Fixed block; 922. Support spring; 93. Block one; 931. Inclined surface one; 94. Screen two; 95. Elastic support member two; 96. Block two; 961. Inclined surface two; 97. Upper horizontal rod; 98. Vertical rod; 99. Lower horizontal rod; 910. Horizontal telescopic rod; 911. Vertical connecting rod; 912. Sphere two; 913. Sphere one; 10. First drive motor; 11. Storage box; 12. Controller; 13. Air supply device; 14. Collection box; 15. Air outlet pipe two; 16. Sealing block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0021] In addition, in the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and do not specifically refer to the order or sequence, nor are they used to limit the present invention. They are only used to distinguish components or operations described with the same technical terms, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions and technical features between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0022] The present invention provides the following embodiments Example 1, the present invention provides a preparation process of gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc, such as Figure 1 As shown, Step 1: Ingredients: Prepare raw materials for preparing gray iron 500 cast iron brake discs according to mass ratio; the raw materials for preparing gray iron 500 cast iron brake discs include: iron, carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus, copper, nickel, and molybdenum; Step 2: Smelting: Add the raw materials prepared in step 1 into a smelting furnace for smelting to form molten iron; Step 3: pouring the molten iron into a shape to form a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting; in step 3, the pouring speed of the molten iron is determined based on the parameters of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting and the parameters of the current molten iron to be poured for pouring; Step 4: Clean the surface of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting; Step 5: Process the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting after surface cleaning; Step 6: heat-treating the processed gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting to obtain a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc.

[0023] Among them, the raw materials for preparing gray iron 500 cast iron brake discs are composed of carbon 3.0%-3.1%; silicon 2.0%-2.2%, manganese 0.7%-0.85%; phosphorus less than 0.04%; copper 0.4%-0.5%; nickel 0.2%-0.3%; molybdenum 0.2%-0.3%; and the rest is iron.

[0024] Among them, in the metallographic structure of gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc: type A graphite is greater than or equal to 90%, length grade 3-5, pearlite is greater than or equal to 95%, ferrite is less than or equal to 5%, carbide + phosphorus eutectic is less than or equal to 5%, phosphorus eutectic is less than or equal to 2%; Gray 500 cast iron brake discs have graphite grades 3-5.

[0025] Among them, surface cleaning, heat treatment and processing are all existing technologies; they can also be as follows: surface cleaning includes shot blasting; heat treatment includes normalizing, quenching and tempering; processing includes grinding and drilling.

[0026] Gray iron 500 cast iron is HT500. HT500 is gray cast iron with a tensile strength greater than 500MPa. It has the characteristics of high strength, tensile strength and high low-temperature impact value. Its metallographic structure is ferrite.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: The present invention determines the pouring speed of molten iron according to the parameters of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting piece and the parameters of the molten iron to be poured, thereby adjusting the pouring speed according to the specific pouring situation, ensuring that a suitable pouring speed is selected during pouring, and ensuring the pouring quality.

[0028] The present invention solves the following problems raised in the background technology: the existing preparation process of brake discs, such as the casting method of brake discs in CN107385313A, has: in the process of pouring molten iron into the mold, there is a lack of control process for the pouring speed, and the pouring speed cannot be adjusted according to the specific pouring conditions (such as the parameters of the brake disc casting and the parameters of the molten iron to be poured currently), which easily affects the pouring quality.

[0029] Embodiment 2, on the basis of embodiment 1, a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged at intervals on the peripheral side walls of the cavity of the mold to be cast, the temperature sensors are used to detect the temperature of the molten iron at the corresponding position, and the temperature sensors are arranged at the bottom end of the corresponding side walls of the cavity of the mold to be cast, and a plurality of liquid level sensors are arranged at intervals horizontally in the mold to be cast, the liquid level sensors are used to detect the liquid level height of the molten iron in the cavity of the mold to be cast; Step 3 includes: Step S31: obtaining parameters of a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting; Step S32: obtaining parameters of the molten iron to be poured; the parameters of the molten iron to be poured include: dynamic viscosity of the molten iron to be poured, density of the molten iron to be poured; Step S33: determining a first pouring speed based on step S31 and step S32; Step S34: pouring the molten iron to be poured into the pouring mold at a first pouring speed and a first preset time, and controlling the liquid level sensor and the temperature sensor to perform multiple detections within the first preset time; Step S35: constructing a liquid level change curve based on the detection values ​​of the liquid level sensor within the first preset time, and constructing a temperature change curve based on the detection values ​​of the temperature sensor within the first preset time; in the liquid level change curve, the horizontal axis is the pouring time, and the vertical axis is the average detection values ​​of all liquid level sensors corresponding to the pouring time; in the temperature change curve, the horizontal axis is the pouring time, and the vertical axis is the average detection values ​​of all temperature sensors corresponding to the pouring time; Step S36: Based on step S34 and step S35, a target casting speed is obtained, and the casting of the current gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting is continued at the target casting speed.

[0030] The first pouring speed is calculated based on the following formula: ; is the first pouring speed, is the mass of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting (in kg); h is the average wall thickness of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting (in mm); is the dynamic viscosity of the molten iron to be poured; is the density of the molten iron to be poured; is the acceleration due to gravity; c is the unit time (in seconds); is the volume of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting; S is the surface area of ​​the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting; e is a natural constant (the value can be 2.72); is the unit thickness (in millimeters); is the unit mass (in Kg).

[0031] The target pouring speed is calculated based on the following formula: ; ; ; is the target pouring speed (the discharge speed of molten iron from the molten iron pouring equipment), is the first pouring speed; is the natural logarithm; e is the natural constant; is the average slope of the liquid level change curve within the current first preset time period; is the preset reference liquid level slope; is the liquid level change rate corresponding to the i-1th detection and the i-th detection of the liquid level sensor within the current first preset time period; is the average detection value of all liquid level sensors during the i-th detection of the liquid level sensor within the current first preset time period; is the average detection value of all liquid level sensors during the i-1th detection of the liquid level sensor within the current first preset time period; For the current first preset duration Greater than The number of times; The first preset duration before Less than N is the total number of detections of each liquid level sensor within the current first preset time period; The time interval between two consecutive detections of the liquid level sensor within the current first preset time period; is the average slope of the temperature change curve within the current first preset time period; is the preset reference temperature slope; The value is 3.14; is the average detection value of all temperature sensors during the i-th detection of the temperature sensor within the current first preset time period; is the average detection value of all temperature sensors during the i-1th detection of the temperature sensor within the current first preset time period; For the current first preset duration Greater than The number of times; For the current first preset duration Less than n is the total number of detections of each temperature sensor within the current first preset time length; The time interval between two consecutive detections by the temperature sensor within the current first preset time period; It is the temperature change rate corresponding to the i-1th detection and the i-th detection of the liquid level sensor within the current first preset time period.

[0032] The first pouring speed is the preferred pouring speed for the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting to meet the quality requirements under the reference environmental conditions (including the ambient temperature and ambient humidity of the environment where the mold to be poured is located) and the reference mold conditions (including the reference mold temperature and the reference friction state of the area where the molten iron flows through the mold); the reference environmental conditions and the reference mold conditions correspond to the preset reference liquid level slope and the preset reference temperature slope); The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: In the specific actual pouring process, the actual environmental state may be different from the reference environmental state, and the actual mold state of the mold to be poured may be different from the reference mold state, resulting in different molten iron level change states and molten iron temperature change states in the mold to be poured (temperature change states of the first poured molten iron; excessive temperature cooling rate of the first poured molten iron may cause excessive temperature differences at different positions of a single gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting after casting, affecting the quality of a single gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting). In the actual pouring process of the present invention, the current molten iron to be poured is first poured into the mold to be poured at a first pouring speed for a short time (specifically a first preset time, which may be one twelfth of the total pouring time of a single gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting when poured at the first pouring speed). The liquid level sensor and the temperature sensor are controlled to perform multiple detections within the first preset time to obtain the current actual molten iron level change state parameters ( , , ) and the molten iron temperature change state parameters ( , , ), and then based on the current actual molten iron level change state parameters and the molten iron temperature change state parameters, correct the first pouring speed to obtain the target pouring speed, and continue the pouring of the current gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting at the target pouring speed to ensure the quality of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting.

[0033] Embodiment 3, on the basis of embodiment 1 or 2, the surface cleaning includes shot blasting cleaning, and the shot blasting cleaning is performed based on a shot blasting device, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the shot blasting equipment includes: A workbench 1, a support frame 2 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the workbench 1, a box 3 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the workbench 1, a shot blasting device 4 is connected to the right part of the box 3, a box door 33 is connected to the front side of the box 3, the box 3 is divided into an upper cavity 31 and a lower cavity 32 by a horizontal partition 6, a vertical drive shaft 7 is rotatably connected to the horizontal partition 6, a mounting plate 8 is connected to the vertical drive shaft 7, the mounting plate 8 is used to install a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting, and a first drive motor 10 for driving the vertical drive shaft 7 to rotate is arranged in the upper cavity 31.

[0034] The shot blasting device of the present invention can adopt the existing shot blasting device / shot blasting machine used for brake disc shot blasting; The lower end of the mounting plate 8 is connected to a device for mounting a brake disc to be shot blasted (a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting in the present invention), such as the support assembly disclosed in CN213673640U and the rack disclosed in CN219649633U; The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: During shot blasting, the box door 33 is opened, and then the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting to be shot blasted is installed on the mounting plate 8, and then the box door 33 is closed, and the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting in the box body 3 is shot blasted by the shot blasting device 4, and the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting is driven to rotate by the first drive motor 10 to achieve shot blasting of different positions of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting.

[0035] Embodiment 4, on the basis of embodiment 3, as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a storage box 11 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the workbench 1, and a controller 12 is installed on the upper end of the storage box 11; the controller 12 is electrically connected to the shot blasting device 4, the air supply device 13, and the first drive motor 10 respectively; the top of the box body 3 is fixedly connected to the air supply device 13, and the air outlet pipe 15 of the air supply device 13 is connected to the shot blasting device 4; The shot blasting device 4 comprises: A shot blasting seat 41 is fixedly connected to the right outer wall of the box body 3. A spiral conveying chamber 42 is arranged in the shot blasting seat 41. A spiral conveying shaft 43 is arranged in the spiral conveying chamber 42. The spiral conveying shaft 43 is driven to rotate by a second driving motor 44. The feed port at the lower part of the spiral conveying chamber 42 is connected to the shot discharge port 34 of the box body 3. The connecting shell 45 is connected to the inner wall of the right side of the box body 3. The discharge port of the connecting shell 45 is connected to the shot blasting nozzle 46. The shot discharge channel 47 is connected to the connecting shell 45 and the discharge port at the upper part of the spiral conveying chamber 42. The shot discharge channel 47 is arranged in the shot blasting seat 41. The upper part of the shot blasting seat 41 is provided with an air inlet channel 48 connected to the shot discharge channel 47. The air inlet of the air inlet channel 48 is connected to the air outlet of the air outlet pipe 15. The shot blasting seat 41 is also provided with a shot adding port 49 connected to the right part of the shot discharge channel 47. The feed port of the shot adding port 49 is detachably connected to a sealing cover. Among them, the controller 12 is electrically connected to the first drive motor 10 and the second drive motor 44 respectively.

[0036] The air supply device 13 is an induced draft fan, and may also be an existing device for supplying pressurized gas; The storage box 11 is used to store the relevant spare parts and projectiles required for shot peening; The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: The shot adding port 49 is used for adding shots during initial use (after the initial shot adding is completed, the feed port of the shot adding port 49 is sealed by the sealing cover), the shots enter the shot discharge channel 47, and the pressurized gas is supplied to the air inlet channel 48 through the air supply device 13. Under the action of the pressurized gas, the shots pass through the connecting shell 45 and the shot blasting nozzle 46 to shot blast and clean the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting. The shots that fall after shot blasting the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting in the lower cavity 32 enter the feed port at the lower part of the spiral conveying chamber 42 through the shot discharge port 34, and the spiral conveying shaft 43 is driven to rotate by the second drive motor 44 to lift the shots to the discharge port at the upper part of the spiral conveying chamber 42, and then the shots enter the shot discharge channel 47. Under the action of the pressurized gas, the shots pass through the connecting shell 45 and the shot blasting nozzle 46 to shot blast and clean the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting, thereby achieving multiple shot blasting cleaning of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting.

[0037] Embodiment 5, on the basis of embodiment 4, as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the shot blasting equipment further comprises: a separation device 9, the separation device 9 comprises: A screen 91 with a lower left side and a higher right side, the left and right parts of the lower end of the screen 91 are respectively connected to the upper end of an elastic support member 92, the lower end of the elastic support member 92 is connected to the inner wall of the corresponding side of the box 3, a block 93 is arranged on the upper left end of the screen 91, and an inclined surface 931 with a lower left side and a higher right side is arranged on the upper end of the block 93; A screen 94 is higher on the left and lower on the right, and the left and right parts of the lower end of the screen 94 are respectively connected to the upper end of the elastic support member 95, and the lower end of the elastic support member 95 is connected to the inner wall of the corresponding side of the box 3. The screen 94 is located below the screen 91, and a block 96 is set at the lower end of the left part of the screen 94, and a slope 961 with a higher left and lower right is set at the lower end of the block 96; a discharge channel 36 is set at the lower end of the left side wall of the box 3, and the collection box 14 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the workbench 1, and the collection box 14 is connected to the discharge channel 36, and the upper part of the discharge channel 36 is connected to the first discharge port 35, and the first discharge port 35 is located between the screen 91 and the screen 94; a shot discharge port 34 is set on the right inner wall of the box 3 above the screen 94, and the shot discharge port 34 is connected to the feed port of the shot blasting device 4, and the shot discharge port 34 is located between the screen 91 and the screen 94; A control chamber 37, which is arranged on the left side wall of the box body 3, and the right inner wall of the control chamber 37 is connected to the fixed end of the horizontal telescopic rod 910; The connecting frame includes: a vertical rod 98, an upper horizontal rod 97 is integrally arranged at the upper end of the vertical rod 98, a lower horizontal rod 99 is integrally arranged at the lower end of the vertical rod 98, the vertical rod 98 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic rod 910, the horizontal telescopic rod 910, the upper horizontal rod 97, and the lower horizontal rod 99 are all horizontally arranged along the left and right directions, the vertical rod 98 is located in the control cavity 37, the right parts of the upper horizontal rod 97 and the lower horizontal rod 99 both penetrate into the box body 3, a sphere 913 is arranged at the right end of the upper horizontal rod 97, and the sphere 913 contacts the inclined surface 931, a vertical connecting rod 911 is arranged at the upper end of the right part of the lower horizontal rod 99, and a sphere 912 is arranged at the upper end of the vertical connecting rod 911, and the sphere 912 contacts the inclined surface 961.

[0038] Both elastic support member 1 92 and elastic support member 2 95 include: a fixed block 921 and a support spring 922 fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixed block 921, the fixed block 921 is fixedly connected to the left inner wall or the right inner wall of the box 3, and the upper end of the support spring 922 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the screen 1 91 or the screen 2 94.

[0039] Preferably, Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, an air outlet channel 38 is also provided on the right side wall of the box body 3 and the shot blasting seat 41, the upper end of the air outlet channel 38 is connected with the lower end of the shot discharge channel 47, and a screen three is provided on the upper end of the air outlet channel 38 (to prevent the projectiles from entering the air outlet channel 38), an air outlet pipe 2 15 is provided on the right side of the box body 3, the air inlet on the right side of the upper part of the air outlet pipe 2 15 is connected with the air outlet of the air outlet channel 38, the lower end of the air outlet pipe 2 15 is sealed, and an air jet is provided on the left side of the lower part of the air outlet pipe 2 15, a sealing block 16 is provided on the right side of the upper end of the screen one 91, and the sealing block 16 is slidably connected to the left side of the air outlet pipe 2 15, and the sealing block 16 is used to seal or open the air jet.

[0040] The projectiles of shot blasting equipment are usually recycled. During long-term use, the projectiles will be lost (such as collision and friction loss with gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc castings), which will reduce the size of the projectiles. However, projectiles that are too small will not be able to meet the cleaning requirements for gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc castings. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the projectiles that have been reduced in size after loss.

[0041] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: 1. After shot blasting, large impurities (such as burrs) on the surface of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting, the projectiles that have not been reduced in size and the projectiles that have been reduced in size after loss fall to the screen 1 91, the projectiles that have not been reduced in size and the projectiles that have been reduced in size after loss pass through the screen 1 91 and fall to the screen 2 94, and the projectiles that have been reduced in size after loss pass through the screen 2 94 and fall to the bottom of the box 3; By controlling the contraction of the horizontal telescopic rod 910, the connecting frame is driven to move to the right. When the connecting frame moves to the right, the ball 1 913 of the upper horizontal rod 97 contacts and cooperates with the inclined surface 1 931, so that the block 1 93 and the screen 1 91 move downward. At this time, the support spring 922 of the elastic support member 1 92 is compressed. When the connecting frame moves to the right, the ball 2 912 contacts and cooperates with the inclined surface 2 961, so that the block 2 96 and the screen 2 94 move upward. At this time, the support spring 922 of the elastic support member 2 95 is stretched; the connecting frame is driven to move to the left by extending the horizontal telescopic rod 910. Under the action of the support spring 922, the screen 1 91 moves upward and the screen 2 94 moves downward, so that the up and down movement of the screen 1 91 and the screen 2 94 can be realized by controlling the extension and contraction of the horizontal telescopic rod 910, thereby accelerating the screening of the screen 1 91 and the screen 2 94; 2. When the screen 1 91 is moved up and down for screening, the upper left end of the screen 1 91 is always located above the first discharge port 35, so that the large particles of impurities (such as burrs) on the surface of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting after shot blasting cleaning are not discharged to the first discharge port 35 during screening by the screen 1 91, and the shots on the screen 1 91 are prevented from being discharged into the first discharge port 35 without being fully screened; and when the screen 2 94 is moved up and down for screening, the upper right end of the screen 2 94 is always located below the shot discharge port 34, so that the shots on the screen 2 94 with reduced size after loss are prevented from falling into the shot discharge port 34 and entering the shot blasting device 4 without being fully screened; 3. When the screen 1 91 and the screen 2 94 are screening, the right side of the sealing block 16 always seals the air jet on the left side of the air outlet pipe 2 15; After the screening is completed, the horizontal telescopic rod 910 controls the screen 1 91 to move downward to the upper left end of the screen 1 91 to communicate with the first discharge port 35, and the upper right end of the screen 2 94 is also connected with the shot discharge port 34, and the sealing block 16 moves downward to open the jet port, so that the pressurized gas can be ejected through the jet port, accelerating the large particles of impurities (such as burrs) on the surface of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting after shot blasting to fall into the first discharge port 35, and then enter the collection box 14 through the discharge channel 36; 4. The present invention can realize various functions (realizing the connection and disconnection between the upper left end of the screen 1 91 and the first discharge port 35, the connection and disconnection between the upper right end of the screen 2 94 and the pill discharge port 34, the up and down movement of the screen 1 91 to accelerate screening, the up and down movement of the screen 2 94 to accelerate screening, and the opening and closing of the jet port on the left side of the air outlet pipe 2 15) through a horizontal telescopic rod 910), and is easy to control.

[0042] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A process for preparing a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Ingredients: Prepare the raw materials for preparing gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc according to the mass ratio; The raw materials for preparing gray iron 500 cast iron brake discs include: iron, carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus, copper, nickel, and molybdenum; Step 2: Smelting: Add the raw materials prepared in step 1 into a smelting furnace for smelting to form molten iron; Step 3: pouring the molten iron into a shape to form a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting; in step 3, the pouring speed of the molten iron is determined based on the parameters of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting and the parameters of the current molten iron to be poured for pouring.

2. The process for preparing a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Step 4: Clean the surface of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting; Step 5: Processing the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting after surface cleaning; Step 6: heat-treating the processed gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting to obtain a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc.

3. The preparation process of a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials for preparing gray iron 500 cast iron brake discs are composed of carbon 3.0%-3.1%; silicon 2.0%-2.2%, manganese 0.7%-0.85%; phosphorus less than 0.04%; copper 0.4%-0.5%; nickel 0.2%-0.3%; molybdenum 0.2%-0.3%; and the rest is iron.

4. The process for preparing a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the metallographic structure of gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc: type A graphite is greater than or equal to 90%, length grade 3-5, ferrite is less than or equal to 5%, carbide + phosphorus eutectic is less than or equal to 5%, phosphorus eutectic is less than or equal to 2%; Gray 500 cast iron brake discs have graphite grades 3-5.

5. The process for preparing a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of temperature sensors are arranged at intervals on the peripheral side walls of the cavity of the mold to be poured, and the temperature sensors are used to detect the temperature of the molten iron at the corresponding position, and the temperature sensors are arranged at the bottom end of the corresponding side walls of the cavity of the mold to be poured, and a plurality of liquid level sensors are arranged at intervals horizontally in the mold to be poured, and the liquid level sensors are used to detect the liquid level height of the molten iron in the cavity of the mold to be poured; Step 3 includes: Step S31: obtaining parameters of a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting; Step S32: obtaining parameters of the molten iron to be poured; the parameters of the molten iron to be poured include: dynamic viscosity of the molten iron to be poured, density of the molten iron to be poured; Step S33: determining a first pouring speed based on step S31 and step S32; Step S34: pouring the molten iron to be poured into the pouring mold at a first pouring speed and a first preset time, and controlling the liquid level sensor and the temperature sensor to perform multiple detections within the first preset time; Step S35: constructing a liquid level change curve based on the detection values ​​of the liquid level sensor within the first preset time, and constructing a temperature change curve based on the detection values ​​of the temperature sensor within the first preset time; in the liquid level change curve, the horizontal axis is the pouring time, and the vertical axis is the average detection values ​​of all liquid level sensors corresponding to the pouring time; in the temperature change curve, the horizontal axis is the pouring time, and the vertical axis is the average detection values ​​of all temperature sensors corresponding to the pouring time; Step S36: Based on step S34 and step S35, a target casting speed is obtained, and the casting of the current gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting is continued at the target casting speed.

6. The process for preparing a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first pouring speed is calculated based on the following formula: ； is the first pouring speed, is the mass of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting; h is the average wall thickness of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting; is the dynamic viscosity of the molten iron to be poured; is the density of the molten iron to be poured; is the acceleration due to gravity; c is the unit time; is the volume of the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting; S is the surface area of ​​the gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting; e is a natural constant; is the unit thickness; is the unit mass.

7. The process for preparing a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc according to claim 5, characterized in that: The target pouring speed is calculated based on the following formula: ； ； ； is the target pouring speed, is the first pouring speed; is the natural logarithm; e is the natural constant; is the average slope of the liquid level change curve within the current first preset time period; is the preset reference liquid level slope; is the liquid level change rate corresponding to the i-1th detection and the i-th detection of the liquid level sensor within the current first preset time period; is the average detection value of all liquid level sensors during the i-th detection of the liquid level sensor within the current first preset time period; is the average detection value of all liquid level sensors during the i-1th detection of the liquid level sensor within the current first preset time period; For the current first preset duration Greater than The number of times; The first preset duration before Less than N is the total number of detections of each liquid level sensor within the current first preset time period; The time interval between two consecutive detections of the liquid level sensor within the current first preset time period; is the average slope of the temperature change curve within the current first preset time period; is the preset reference temperature slope; The value is 3.14; is the average detection value of all temperature sensors during the i-th detection of the temperature sensor within the current first preset time period; is the average detection value of all temperature sensors during the i-1th detection of the temperature sensor within the current first preset time period; For the current first preset duration Greater than The number of times; For the current first preset duration Less than n is the total number of detections of each temperature sensor within the current first preset time length; The time interval between two consecutive detections by the temperature sensor within the current first preset time period; It is the temperature change rate corresponding to the i-1th detection and the i-th detection of the liquid level sensor within the current first preset time period.

8. The process for preparing a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface cleaning includes shot blasting cleaning, and the shot blasting cleaning is performed based on a shot blasting device, and the shot blasting device includes: A workbench (1), the lower end of the workbench (1) is fixedly connected to a support frame (2), the upper end of the workbench (1) is fixedly connected to a box (3), the right part of the box (3) is connected to a shot blasting device (4), the front side of the box (3) is connected to a box door (33), the box (3) is divided into an upper cavity (31) and a lower cavity (32) by a horizontal partition (6), a vertical drive shaft (7) is rotatably connected to the horizontal partition (6), the vertical drive shaft (7) is connected to a mounting plate (8), the mounting plate (8) is used to install a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc casting, and a first drive motor (10) for driving the vertical drive shaft (7) to rotate is arranged in the upper cavity (31).

9. The process for preparing a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper end of the workbench (1) is also fixedly connected to a storage box (11), and the upper end of the storage box (11) is installed with a controller (12); the controller (12) is electrically connected to the shot blasting device (4), the air supply device (13), and the first drive motor (10) respectively; the top end of the box body (3) is fixedly connected to the air supply device (13), and an air outlet pipe (5) of the air supply device (13) is connected to the shot blasting device (4); The shot blasting device (4) comprises: A shot blasting seat (41), the shot blasting seat (41) is fixedly connected to the right outer wall of the box body (3), a spiral conveying chamber (42) is arranged in the shot blasting seat (41), a spiral conveying shaft (43) is arranged in the spiral conveying chamber (42), the spiral conveying shaft (43) is driven to rotate by a second driving motor (44), and a feed port at the bottom of the spiral conveying chamber (42) is connected to a shot discharge port (34) of the box body (3); A connecting shell (45) is connected to the right inner wall of the box body (3); the discharge port of the connecting shell (45) is connected to the shot blasting nozzle (46); a shot discharge channel (47) is connected to the connecting shell (45) and the discharge port at the upper part of the spiral conveying chamber (42); the shot discharge channel (47) is arranged in the shot blasting seat (41); an air inlet channel (48) connected to the shot discharge channel (47) is arranged at the upper part of the shot blasting seat (41); the air inlet of the air inlet channel (48) is connected to the air outlet of the air outlet pipe (5); the shot blasting seat (41) is also provided with a shot adding port (49) connected to the right part of the shot discharge channel (47); the feed port of the shot adding port (49) is detachably connected to a sealing cover.

10. The process for preparing a gray iron 500 cast iron brake disc according to claim 8, characterized in that: The shot blasting device further comprises: a separation device (9), wherein the separation device (9) comprises: A screen (91) with a lower left side and a higher right side, the left and right sides of the lower end of the screen (91) are respectively connected to the upper end of an elastic support member (92), the lower end of the elastic support member (92) is connected to the inner wall of the corresponding side of the box (3), a block (93) is arranged at the upper left end of the screen (91), and an inclined surface (931) with a lower left side and a higher right side is arranged at the upper end of the block (93); A second screen (94) is higher on the left and lower on the right. The left and right parts of the lower end of the second screen (94) are respectively connected to the upper end of the second elastic support member (95). The lower end of the second elastic support member (95) is connected to the inner wall of the corresponding side of the box (3). The second screen (94) is located below the first screen (91). A second block (96) is arranged at the lower end of the left part of the second screen (94). A second inclined surface (961) is arranged at the lower end of the second block (96). A discharge channel (36) is arranged at the lower end of the left wall of the box (3). The collecting box (14) The collecting box (14) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the workbench (1), and is connected to the discharge channel (36). The upper part of the discharge channel (36) is connected to the first discharge port (35). The first discharge port (35) is located between the first screen (91) and the second screen (94). The right inner wall of the box body (3) is provided with a shot discharge port (34) above the second screen (94). The shot discharge port (34) is connected to the feed port of the shot blasting device (4). The shot discharge port (34) is located between the first screen (91) and the second screen (94). A control chamber (37), the control chamber (37) being arranged on the left side wall of the box body (3), and the right inner wall of the control chamber (37) being connected to the fixed end of the horizontal telescopic rod (910); The connecting frame comprises: a vertical rod (98), an upper horizontal rod (97) is integrally arranged at the upper end of the vertical rod (98), a lower horizontal rod (99) is integrally arranged at the lower end of the vertical rod (98), the vertical rod (98) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic rod (910), the horizontal telescopic rod (910), the upper horizontal rod (97) and the lower horizontal rod (99) are all arranged horizontally along the left-right direction, the vertical rod (98) is located in the control cavity (37), the right parts of the upper horizontal rod (97) and the lower horizontal rod (99) are both penetrated into the box body (3), a sphere (913) is arranged at the right end of the upper horizontal rod (97), the sphere (913) contacts the first inclined plane (931), a vertical connecting rod (911) is arranged at the upper end of the right part of the lower horizontal rod (99), a sphere (912) is arranged at the upper end of the vertical connecting rod (911), and the sphere (912) contacts the second inclined plane (961).

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