Nanoparticle material, functional film, preparation method of functional film and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a nanoparticle material, a functional film, a preparation method of the functional film and electronic equipment. The nanoparticle material comprises a structure shown in the following formula (1): # imgabs0 #, wherein # imgabs1 # is a nanosphere, M comprises a functional particle, Z is a hydrophobic group, R comprises at least one of carboxyl, sulfydryl and amino, a and b are integers greater than or equal to 1, and c is an integer greater than or equal to 0; according to the method, the patterning precision and efficiency of the nanoparticle material can be improved, and the performance of the nanoparticle material cannot be damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a nanoparticle material, a functional film and a preparation method thereof, and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] Precise patterning of materials is very important in the fields of display, anti-counterfeiting, bionics, detection, etc. Currently, patterning methods include photolithography, inkjet printing, transfer printing, templates and other technologies.

[0003] In these technologies, materials generally need to be modified, which often leads to a decrease in material performance. For example, in the patterning process of photolithography quantum dots, it is necessary to adjust the ratio of quantum dots to photoresist, optimize quantum dot ligands and dispersants, etc., and quantum dots are also exposed to ultraviolet rays for a long time. These processes often lead to a decrease in the luminescence performance of quantum dots; in addition, in inkjet printing technology, it is necessary to adjust the ink formula and modify the quantum dots, which will also lead to a decrease in the luminescence performance of quantum dots, and there is also a problem of printing accuracy.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop non-destructive, high-precision and efficient film patterning methods. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a nanoparticle material, a functional film and a preparation method thereof, and an electronic device, which can improve the accuracy and efficiency of patterning of the nanoparticle material without destroying the performance of the nanoparticle material.

[0006] An embodiment of the present application provides a nanoparticle material, wherein the nanoparticle material comprises a structure as shown in the following formula (1):

[0007]

[0008] in, The nanosphere is a nanosphere, M includes functional particles, Z is a hydrophobic group, R includes at least one of a carboxyl group, a thiol group and an amino group, a and b are integers greater than or equal to 1, and c is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present application, the nanoparticle material comprises a structure as shown in the following formula (2):

[0010]

[0011] Wherein, R1 and R3 are at least one selected from alkyl, carbonyl, ether, keto, amide, alkenyl, alkynyl and aromatic groups;

[0012] R2 includes at least one of a carboxyl group, a thiol group and an amino group;

[0013] R4 includes at least one of -COO-, -S- and -NH-;

[0014] M1 is the functional particle.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present application, Selected from silicon dioxide nanospheres, polystyrene nanospheres, polymethyl methacrylate nanospheres or titanium dioxide nanospheres.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present application, the functional particles are selected from quantum dots, upconversion particles, catalyst particles or perovskite particles.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present application, c is an integer greater than 0, the nanosphere includes a first side and a second side that are oppositely arranged, M and R are located on the first side, and Z is located on the second side.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present application, Z is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group or a silane group having 10 to 20 carbon atoms.

[0019] According to the above-mentioned purpose of the present application, an embodiment of the present application further provides a method for preparing a functional film, and the method for preparing the functional film comprises:

[0020] The nanoparticle material is dissolved in a solvent to obtain a dispersion, wherein the nanoparticle material comprises a structure as shown in the following formula (1):

[0021]

[0022] in, is a nanosphere, M includes a functional particle, Z is a hydrophobic group, R includes at least one of a carboxyl group, a thiol group and an amino group, a and b are integers greater than or equal to 1, and c is an integer greater than or equal to 0;

[0023] The dispersion is placed between a first electrode and a second electrode, so that the nanoparticle material in the dispersion is deposited at least on the first electrode to form the functional film.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present application, in the step of dissolving the nanoparticle material in a solvent to obtain a dispersion, R in the nanoparticle material dissolved in the solvent is ionized so that the nanoparticle material has a first electrical property;

[0025] The step of placing the dispersion between the first electrode and the second electrode so that the nanoparticle material in the dispersion is deposited at least on the first electrode to form the functional film comprises:

[0026] Applying electricity to the first electrode and the second electrode to form an electric field, wherein the first electrode has a second electrical property, and the polarity of the first electrical property is opposite to the polarity of the second electrical property;

[0027] The nanoparticle material is deposited on the surface of the first electrode by the electric field to form the functional film.

[0028] According to the above-mentioned purpose of the present application, an embodiment of the present application further provides a functional film, and the functional film is prepared by the preparation method of the functional film.

[0029] According to the above-mentioned purpose of the present application, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, wherein the electronic device comprises the functional film.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the present application forms functional particles and R on nanospheres of nanoparticle materials, and R can be a carboxyl group, a thiol group and an amino group, and then R can be charged after ionization, so that the nanoparticle material is charged and can be quickly and accurately deposited on electrodes with opposite electrical properties to form a patterned functional film; and the nanoparticle material has functional particles, so that the functional film made of the nanoparticle material can realize the corresponding function, and there is no need to modify the functional particles. The present application can improve the accuracy and efficiency of the patterning of the nanoparticle material without destroying the performance of the nanoparticle material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a process for manufacturing a functional film provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 Another schematic diagram of the manufacturing process of the functional film provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 A flow chart of a method for manufacturing a functional film provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a structure of a functional film provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a process for producing a nanoparticle material provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 6 Zeta potential curves of silica nanospheres modified with different surface ligands and silica nanospheres modified with quantum dots in the nanoparticle materials provided in the examples of the present application;

[0037] Figure 7The XPS graph of silica nanospheres modified with functional groups in different proportions in the nanoparticle material provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0038] Figure 8 A graph showing the water contact angle of a functional film formed by nanoparticle materials modified with functional groups in different proportions in the nanoparticle materials provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0039] Fig. 9 This is an infrared transmission spectrum of silica nanospheres modified with different surface ligands in the nanoparticle material provided in the embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0041] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples to realize the different structures of the present application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, the parts and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present application. In addition, the present application can repeat reference numbers and / or reference letters in different examples, and this repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, which itself does not indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the various specific processes and material examples provided by the present application, but those of ordinary skill in the art can appreciate the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0042] An embodiment of the present application provides a nanoparticle material, wherein the nanoparticle material comprises a structure as shown in the following formula (1):

[0043]

[0044] in, The nanosphere is a nanosphere, M includes functional particles, Z is a hydrophobic group, R includes at least one of a carboxyl group, a thiol group and an amino group, a and b are integers greater than or equal to 1, and c is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0045] In the implementation process, the embodiments of the present application form functional particles and R on the nanospheres of the nanoparticle material, and R can be a carboxyl group, a thiol group and an amino group, so that R can be charged after ionization, so that the nanoparticle material is charged and can be quickly and accurately deposited on an electrode with opposite electrical properties to form a patterned functional film; and the nanoparticle material has functional particles, which can enable the functional film made of the nanoparticle material to achieve the corresponding function, and there is no need to modify the functional particles. The present application can improve the accuracy and efficiency of the patterning of the nanoparticle material without destroying the performance of the nanoparticle material.

[0046] In some embodiments, Selected from silicon dioxide nanospheres, polystyrene nanospheres, polymethyl methacrylate nanospheres or titanium dioxide nanospheres; preferably, Silica nanospheres.

[0047] In some embodiments, the nanospheres may be solid spheres, hollow spheres or mesoporous spheres, and the shapes of the nanospheres may be star-shaped, rod-shaped or honeycomb-shaped.

[0048] In some embodiments, the functional particles are particles that enable the nanoparticle material to have certain functions, and the functional particles are selected from quantum dots, upconversion particles, catalyst particles or perovskite particles; correspondingly, the functional films formed using the above-mentioned functional particles may include quantum dot films, upconversion films, catalyst films and perovskite films, which can then be applied to different devices according to actual needs.

[0049] In some embodiments, the functional particles may be quantum dots, and the material of the quantum dots may include CdS, CdSe, ZnSe, InP, PbS, CsPbCl3, CsPbBr3, CsPhI3, CdS / ZnS, CdSe / ZnS, ZnSe, InP / ZnS, PbS / ZnS, CsPbCl3 / ZnS, CsPbBr3 / ZnS or CsPhI3 / ZnS.

[0050] In some embodiments, R includes at least one of a carboxyl group, a thiol group, and an amino group; it should be noted that when the above-mentioned nanoparticle material is used, the carboxyl group, the thiol group, and the amino group in R can be ionized and make the nanoparticle material have electrical properties, for example, the carboxyl group and the thiol group are negatively charged, while the amino group is positively charged.

[0051] In some embodiments, the nanoparticle material comprises a structure as shown in formula (2):

[0052]

[0053] Among them, R1 and R3 are selected from at least one of alkyl, carbonyl, ether, keto, amide, alkenyl, alkynyl and aromatic groups; R2 includes at least one of carboxyl, thiol and amino; R4 includes at least one of -COO-, -S- and -NH-; M1 is a functional particle.

[0054] It can be understood that R1 and R2 are equivalent to R in formula (1), R3, R4 and M1 are equivalent to M in formula (1), and R1 and R3 can be the same or different groups. When R1 and R3 are the same group, when R1 and R3 are formed on the surface of the nanosphere, the same process can be used to form R1 and R3, which can reduce the process steps and reduce the process cost. Similarly, R4 can be obtained by removing H from any one of carboxyl, thiol and amino. When R2 is a carboxyl group, R4 is -COO-, when R2 is a thiol group, R4 is -S-, and when R2 is an amino group, R4 is -NH-. Then, when R2 and R4 are formed on the surface of the nanosphere before removing H, the groups before removing H of R2 and R4 can be formed in the same process, which can reduce the process steps and reduce the process cost.

[0055] It should be noted that in some embodiments, c is 0, that is, there is no Z in the nanoparticle material; R can be formed on the surface of the nanosphere, that is, at least one of a carboxyl group, a thiol group and an amino group is formed, wherein part of R is connected to the functional particles, and part of R is ionized to make the nanoparticle material charged, so that the nanoparticle material is deposited to form a functional film with a preset function.

[0056] In some embodiments, c is an integer greater than 0, that is, c can be an integer greater than or equal to 1, the nanosphere includes a first side and a second side that are arranged opposite to each other, M and R are located on the first side, and Z is located on the second side, and the nanoparticle material can have a structure of the following formula (3):

[0057]

[0058] It can be understood that Z, R and M are distributed on opposite sides of the nanosphere, and the numbers of Z, R and M in formula (3) are not limited thereto. The numbers of Z, R and M in formula (3) are only used for illustration.

[0059] It should be noted that when R is ionized and has electrical properties, the nanospheres formed with R and M sides will move toward the electrode and be deposited on the electrode, while the nanospheres formed with Z sides will turn away from the electrode and be located on the outer surface of the functional film. Since Z is a hydrophobic group, the functional film can have a hydrophobic surface, thereby meeting the demand for functional films with hydrophobic surfaces.

[0060] In some embodiments, Z is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group or a silane group having 10 to 20 carbon atoms; for example, it may be hexadecyltrimethoxysilane.

[0061] As mentioned above, the embodiments of the present application form functional particles and R on the nanospheres of the nanoparticle material, and R can be a carboxyl group, a thiol group and an amino group, and then R can be charged after ionization, so that the nanoparticle material is charged and can be quickly and accurately deposited on an electrode with opposite electrical properties to form a patterned functional film; and the nanoparticle material has functional particles, which can enable the functional film made of the nanoparticle material to achieve the corresponding function, and there is no need to modify the functional particles. The present application can improve the accuracy and efficiency of the patterning of the nanoparticle material without destroying the performance of the nanoparticle material.

[0062] The embodiment of the present application further provides a method for preparing a functional film, and the method for preparing the functional film comprises:

[0063] The nanoparticle material is dissolved in a solvent to obtain a dispersion, wherein the nanoparticle material comprises a structure as shown in the following formula (1):

[0064]

[0065] in, is a nanosphere, M is a functional particle, Z is a hydrophobic group, R includes at least one of a carboxyl group, a thiol group and an amino group, a and b are integers greater than or equal to 1, and c is an integer greater than or equal to 0;

[0066] The dispersion is placed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the nanoparticle material in the dispersion is deposited at least on the first electrode to form a functional film.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present application, R is formed on the nanosphere, and R can be charged after ionization, and then the nanoparticle material can be deposited on the electrode by electrophoresis to form a functional film.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 , the method for preparing the functional film comprises:

[0069] S10, dissolving the nanoparticle material 20 in a solvent to obtain a dispersion, wherein the nanoparticle material 20 comprises a structure as shown in the following formula (1):

[0070]

[0071] in, is a nanosphere, M is a functional particle, Z is a hydrophobic group, R includes at least one of a carboxyl group, a thiol group and an amino group, a and b are integers greater than or equal to 1, and c is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0072] S20 , placing the dispersion between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 , and depositing the nanoparticle material 20 in the dispersion at least on the first electrode 11 to form a functional film 21 .

[0073] Specifically, in step S10, a nanoparticle material 20 is provided, and the nanoparticle material 20 includes a structure as shown in the following formula (1):

[0074]

[0075] in, is a nanosphere, M is a functional particle, Z is a hydrophobic group, R includes at least one of a carboxyl group, a thiol group and an amino group, a and b are integers greater than or equal to 1, and c is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0076] It is understandable that the nanoparticle material 20 can be the nanoparticle material described in the above embodiment, and the selection of each group and structure in the structure shown in formula (1) can be carried out with reference to the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0077] In some embodiments, the preparation process of the nanoparticle material 20 includes:

[0078] Nanospheres are prepared using silica materials to obtain silica nanospheres, and the preparation process of silica nanospheres includes: mixing ethanol with water, ammonia solution, and TEOS. The amount of reactants and the reaction time are adjusted according to the desired particle size. The obtained product is centrifuged at 12000rpm for 8min, then washed twice with ethanol and water, and finally washed once with ethanol, and the obtained precipitate is vacuum dried at 200°C for 2h. Finally, the obtained silica sample is ground into powder.

[0079] The step of modifying the surface of the silica nanospheres includes: obtaining functionalized silica by reacting a silane coupling agent with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of silica in an organic solution. That is, the above-mentioned silica nanospheres are added to a four-necked flask and dispersed in toluene or other organic solvents, and subjected to strong ultrasonic treatment for 5 minutes. The silica nanosphere dispersion is vacuumed for 20 minutes to remove the air in the system, and then filled with nitrogen. One or two silane coupling agents are injected, stirred continuously for 4 hours, and then centrifuged at 12000rpm for 8 minutes to obtain a precipitate, which is then washed with ethanol 3 times and vacuum dried at 200°C for 2 hours. Finally, the obtained single / double-functional silica nanospheres are ground into powder for further use.

[0080] Preparation of nanoparticle material 20: The surface-modified silica nanospheres are used as functional carriers to exchange surface ligands with quantum dots, so that the quantum dots can be adsorbed on the surface of the silica nanospheres. 30 mg of silica nanospheres are dispersed in 20 ml of toluene, ultrasonicated for 30 min, and then 100 μl of 100 mg / ml quantum dots dispersed in octane are added. The mixture is continuously stirred at room temperature for 3 h. The precipitate is obtained by centrifugation at 12000 rpm for 8 min, and the nanoparticle material 20 is obtained.

[0081] In some embodiments, the material of the quantum dots may include CdS, CdSe, ZnSe, InP, PbS, CsPbCl3, CsPbBr3, CsPhI3, CdS / ZnS, CdSe / ZnS, ZnSe, InP / ZnS, PbS / ZnS, CsPbCl3 / ZnS, CsPbBr3 / ZnS or CsPhI3 / ZnS; and the ligands on the quantum dots may include oleic acid, oleylamine, trioctyl phosphine or trioctyl phosphine oxide.

[0082] The nanoparticle material 20 described in the above embodiment is dissolved in a solvent to obtain a dispersion, and the solvent may be an organic solvent, for example, the solvent may be propylene glycol methyl ether acetate.

[0083] The R in the nanoparticle material 20 is ionized and loses H, so that the nanoparticle material 20 has a first charge property; for example, when R is a carboxyl group or a thiol group, the first charge property is negative, and when R is an amino group, the first charge property is positive.

[0084] In some embodiments, R1 and R3 in formula (2) may have the same group as the substance in the solvent. For example, if the substance in the solvent has an amide group, then R1 and R3 also have an amide group, which is beneficial to improve the dispersibility of the nanoparticle material 20 in the solvent and improve the film-forming uniformity and effect of the nanoparticle material 20.

[0085] In step S20 , a first electrode 11 and a second electrode 12 are provided that are opposite to each other, and the dispersion formed in step S10 is placed between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 .

[0086] The first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 are energized to form an electric field between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12. Since the nanoparticle material 20 is charged, it can move under the action of the electric field. The first electrode 11 has a second electrical property, and the polarity of the second electrical property is opposite to the polarity of the first electrical property. Therefore, the nanoparticle material 20 can be deposited on the first electrode 11 to form a functional film 21.

[0087] It should be noted that, when the nanoparticle material 20 is deposited on the surface of the first electrode 11 and forms a functional film 21, -COO-, -S- or -NH- generated by the ionization of R in the functional film 21 can form a coordination bond with the first electrode 11 to improve the adhesion between the functional film 21 and the first electrode 11; or, -COO-, -S- or -NH- generated by the ionization of R in the functional film 21 can obtain H and reform a carboxyl group, a thiol group or an amino group; therefore, the functional film 21 formed by the nanoparticle material 20 is uncharged.

[0088] In some embodiments, R on the surface of some nanospheres in the nanoparticle material 20 may be positively charged, and R on the surface of some nanospheres may be negatively charged; and the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 have opposite charges, that is, one is positively charged and the other is negatively charged, and then the positively charged nanospheres and the negatively charged nanospheres can form patterned functional films on the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 respectively according to the principle of opposites attract, so as to reduce the process steps and reduce the process cost.

[0089] In some embodiments, nanoparticle material 20 can be prepared at the interface of two incompatible solvents, so that one side of the nanosphere can be made hydrophilic, such as having a carboxyl group, an amino group or a thiol group, and the other side can be made hydrophobic, such as having a hydrophobic group Z, to obtain a nanoparticle material 20 having a structure as shown in formula (3).

[0090] Specifically, in some embodiments of the present application, the synthesis of silica nanospheres: 40 ml of ethanol, 2 ml of water, 2 ml of ammonia solution, and 8 ml of TEOS were mixed and stirred for 3 hours.

[0091] Surface modification of silica nanospheres: 0.5 g of the above silica nanospheres were added to a four-necked flask, dispersed in 50 ml of chlorobenzene, and subjected to strong ultrasonic treatment for 5 min. The silica nanosphere dispersion was vacuumed at 80 ° C for 20 min to remove the water in the system, then filled with nitrogen and heated to 110 ° C. 1.34 mmol of silane coupling agent, APTES ((3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane) or MPTMS ((3-mercaptopropyl) trimethoxysilane) or a mixture thereof was injected, stirred continuously at 110 ° C for 4 h, and then centrifuged at 12000 rpm for 8 min to obtain a precipitate, which was then washed with ethanol 3 times and vacuum dried at 200 ° C for 2 h. Finally, the obtained silica nanospheres with amino groups and / or mercapto groups were ground into powder for further use.

[0092] In some embodiments, only APTES or MPTMS can be injected, or APTES and MPTMS can be injected together, and the molar ratio of APTES to MPTMS is 4:1, 1:1 or 1:4; depending on the injected substances, different groups can be formed on the silica nanospheres. For example, when APTES is injected, amino groups can be formed on the silica nanospheres, and when MPTMS is injected, thiol groups can be formed on the silica nanospheres.

[0093] Further, the amino group is further converted into a carboxyl group by reacting an excess of succinic anhydride with the amino group under the catalysis of triethylamine. Specifically, 0.1g of silica nanospheres with amino groups are ultrasonically dispersed in 20ml DMF, 0.5g of succinic anhydride is ultrasonically dispersed in 2ml DMF, and then the DMF solution of succinic anhydride is added to the silica dispersion together with 0.5ml triethylamine. The mixture system is reacted in a 40°C water bath for 4 hours. At the end of the reaction, 10ml of water is added to hydrolyze and release triethylamine to obtain carboxyl-modified silica nanospheres. The precipitate is obtained by centrifugation at 12000rpm for 8min, and washed twice with water and ethanol respectively. The resulting precipitate is formed into silica nanospheres with carboxyl groups, and is dried at 80°C and thoroughly ground.

[0094] Preparation of nanoparticle material 20: The above-mentioned silica nanospheres formed with carboxyl, thiol or amino groups are used as functional carriers to exchange surface ligands with quantum dots, so that the quantum dots can be adsorbed on the surface of the silica nanospheres. 30 mg of silica nanospheres are dispersed in 20 ml of chlorobenzene, ultrasonicated for 30 min, and then 100 μl of 100 mg / ml quantum dots dispersed in octane are added. The mixture is continuously stirred for 3 h at room temperature. The precipitate is obtained by centrifugation at 12000 rpm for 8 min, and then redispersed in PGMEA (propylene glycol methyl ether acetate) to obtain a dispersion of 10 mg / ml nanoparticle material 20.

[0095] Next, the functional thin film 21 is deposited by electrophoresis to form a first electrode 11 and a second electrode 12 that are oppositely disposed, and the dispersion of the nanoparticle material 20 is placed between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 .

[0096] A direct current of 80 V is applied to the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12, thereby forming a vertical electric field between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12, and the nanoparticle material 20 is electrodeposited under the action of the electric field to form a Figure 4 The pixel pattern shown.

[0097] It is understandable that when carboxyl groups or thiol groups are formed on the silica nanospheres, the nanoparticle material 20 is negatively charged, and the first electrode 11 is positively charged; when amino groups are formed on the silica nanospheres, the nanoparticle material 20 is positively charged, and the first electrode 11 is negatively charged.

[0098] In some embodiments, according to different positions between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 , a horizontal electric field may also be formed between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 .

[0099] In other embodiments of the present application, when it is necessary to form a nanoparticle material as shown in the following formula (3):

[0100]

[0101] Please refer to Figure 5 The preparation method of the nanoparticle material shown in formula (3) may include:

[0102] Take 5 ml of ethanol, add 30 mg of silica nanospheres, and disperse them in the ethanol by ultrasonication for 30 minutes. Figure 5 As shown in L1.

[0103] Add 5 ml of octadecene, 100 ml of APTES and 100 ml of hexadecyltrimethoxysilane, and perform strong ultrasonication for 1 hour to form an emulsion. Stir overnight to obtain a nanoparticle material having a structure as shown in formula (3), such as Figure 5 As shown in L2.

[0104] Next, the surface-modified silica nanospheres were used as functional carriers to exchange surface ligands with quantum dots, so that the quantum dots could be adsorbed on the surface of the silica nanospheres. 30 mg of silica nanospheres were dispersed in 20 ml of toluene, ultrasonicated for 30 min, and then 100 μl of 100 mg / ml quantum dots dispersed in octane was added. The mixture was stirred continuously for 3 h at room temperature. The precipitate was obtained by centrifugation at 12000 rpm for 8 min, and the nanoparticle material was obtained, such as Figure 5 As shown in L3.

[0105] Then, you can use Figure 5 The nanoparticle material shown in L3 is deposited into a functional film having a hydrophobic surface according to the above-mentioned electrophoresis method.

[0106] In addition, the examples of the present application also verify the nanoparticle materials obtained in the above examples, and obtain the following Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 as well as Fig. 9 Validation curve shown.

[0107] Please refer to Figure 6 , is the Zeta potential of the nanoparticle material in PGMEA solution, the silica nanospheres modified with different surface ligands and the silica nanospheres modified with quantum dots; the absolute value of Zeta indicates the amount of surface charge of the sample, the larger the absolute value, the more charges generated by the ionization of the functional groups on the surface of the sample, and the positive and negative signs represent positive or negative charges. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, when the surface of the silica nanospheres is not modified, the ionization of the surface hydroxyl groups cannot provide enough electricity, and the sample carries a small amount of negative charge. When the surface of the silica nanospheres is modified with amino groups, the Zeta potential is positive, indicating that the amino groups are successfully modified on the surface of the silica nanospheres, because the amino groups are ionized in the PGMEA solution to make the silica nanospheres positively charged. As the proportion of thiol groups increases, the Zeta potential value decreases and eventually becomes negative, indicating that the thiol groups are successfully modified on the surface of the silica nanospheres, and the content gradually increases, because the ionization of thiol groups makes the silica nanospheres negatively charged. When the amino groups are converted to carboxyl groups, the Zeta potential changes from positive to negative, indicating that the amino groups are successfully converted to carboxyl groups. After further compounding with quantum dots, the quantum dots are still negatively charged, and the absolute value of the Zeta potential is greater than 30, indicating that the ionization of the functional groups on the surface of the silica nanospheres can make the quantum dots carry more negative charges, which can provide repulsion between particles and prevent agglomeration, and the sample has good dispersibility.

[0108] Please refer to Figure 7 , are XPS curves of silica nanospheres modified with functional groups of different ratios (COOH:HS); Figure 7 It can be seen that the XPS signal peaks of silica nanospheres with different surface modification ratios (COOH:HS) of functional groups change. The peaks of silicon, oxygen, carboxyl and thiol are at 103.2eV, 532.5eV, 288.5eV and 164eV, respectively. It can be seen that as the content of thiol increases, the signal peak at 164eV gradually increases, while the carboxyl peak at 288.5eV gradually disappears. This shows the successful modification of thiol and carboxyl groups and the change in their content.

[0109] Please refer to Figure 8 , is the water contact angle change curve of silica nanospheres modified with different ratios of functional groups (COOH:HS) forming a film on the ITO glass surface; among them, carboxyl groups are hydrophilic and thiol groups are hydrophobic. As the water contact angle gradually increases, it indicates that the thiol content on the surface of the silica nanospheres gradually increases.

[0110] Please refer to Fig. 9 , is the infrared transmission spectra of silica nanospheres modified with different surface ligands; 1658cm -1 The C=O vibration peak at 40° appeared, indicating that the amino group was successfully converted into a carboxyl group.

[0111] As mentioned above, the embodiments of the present application form functional particles and R on the nanospheres of the nanoparticle material, and R can be a carboxyl group, a thiol group and an amino group, and then R can be charged after ionization, so that the nanoparticles are charged and can be quickly and accurately deposited on electrodes with opposite electrical properties to form a patterned functional film; and the nanoparticle material has functional particles, which can enable the functional film to achieve the corresponding functions. The present application can improve the accuracy and efficiency of the patterning of the nanoparticle material without destroying the performance of the nanoparticle material.

[0112] In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a functional film, and the functional film is prepared by the method for preparing the functional film described in the above embodiment.

[0113] Furthermore, an embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, wherein the electronic device includes a functional film produced by the method for producing a functional film.

[0114] In some embodiments, the electronic device may be an organic light emitting diode display panel, and the functional particles in the functional film are quantum dots, and thus the functional film is a quantum dot film.

[0115] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0116] The above is a detailed introduction to a nanoparticle material, a functional film and a preparation method thereof, and an electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the technical solution and its core idea of ​​the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A nanoparticle material, characterized in that: The nanoparticle material comprises a structure as shown in the following formula (1): in, The nanosphere is a nanosphere, M includes functional particles, Z is a hydrophobic group, R includes at least one of a carboxyl group, a thiol group and an amino group, a and b are integers greater than or equal to 1, and c is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

2. The nanoparticle material according to claim 1, characterized in that The nanoparticle material comprises a structure as shown in the following formula (2): Wherein, R1 and R3 are at least one selected from alkyl, carbonyl, ether, keto, amide, alkenyl, alkynyl and aromatic groups; R2 includes at least one of a carboxyl group, a thiol group and an amino group; R4 includes at least one of -COO-, -S- and -NH-; M1 is the functional particle.

3. The nanoparticle material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that Selected from silicon dioxide nanospheres, polystyrene nanospheres, polymethyl methacrylate nanospheres or titanium dioxide nanospheres.

4. The nanoparticle material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The functional particles are selected from quantum dots, upconversion particles, catalyst particles or perovskite particles.

5. The nanoparticle material according to claim 1, characterized in that c is an integer greater than 0, the nanosphere comprises a first side and a second side arranged opposite to each other, M and R are located on the first side, and Z is located on the second side.

6. The nanoparticle material according to claim 1, characterized in that Z is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group or a silane group having 10 to 20 carbon atoms.

7. A method for preparing a functional film, characterized in that: The method for preparing the functional film comprises: The nanoparticle material is dissolved in a solvent to obtain a dispersion, wherein the nanoparticle material comprises a structure as shown in the following formula (1): in, is a nanosphere, M includes a functional particle, Z is a hydrophobic group, R includes at least one of a carboxyl group, a thiol group and an amino group, a and b are integers greater than or equal to 1, and c is an integer greater than or equal to 0; The dispersion is placed between a first electrode and a second electrode, so that the nanoparticle material in the dispersion is deposited at least on the first electrode to form the functional film.

8. The method for preparing a functional film according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step of dissolving the nanoparticle material in a solvent to obtain a dispersion, R in the nanoparticle material dissolved in the solvent is ionized so that the nanoparticle material has a first electrical property; The step of placing the dispersion between the first electrode and the second electrode so that the nanoparticle material in the dispersion is deposited at least on the first electrode to form the functional film comprises: Applying electricity to the first electrode and the second electrode to form an electric field, wherein the first electrode has a second electrical property, and the polarity of the first electrical property is opposite to the polarity of the second electrical property; The nanoparticle material is deposited on the surface of the first electrode by the electric field to form the functional film.

9. A functional film, characterized in that: The functional film is prepared by the method for preparing a functional film according to claim 7 or 8.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises the functional film according to claim 9.

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