Silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric for mask and preparation method of silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric

Abstract

The invention relates to silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric for a mask and a preparation method of the silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric, and belongs to the technical field of functional fabric. The antibacterial non-woven fabric takes needle-punched non-woven fabric as a base material and is loaded with self-made silver-series antibacterial particles, a composite antibacterial agent takes tetrapod-like zinc oxide whiskers as a carrier, sulfur-containing groups and primary alcohol groups are introduced to the surface for modification, then primary alcohol is oxidized into aldehyde groups through a silver catalyst, silver and yttrium are adsorbed and reduced, and a silver-yttrium element loaded structure is formed. Silver generates active oxygen groups which interfere with the activity and function of bacteria, and yttrium element promotes silver to generate active oxygen groups, so that an excellent antibacterial effect is achieved; besides, sodium alginate is used as a main film forming material, starch and gelatin are compounded to improve initial adhesiveness, a water-soluble coating film is formed on the surface of the composite antibacterial agent, when the antibacterial non-woven fabric is applied to a mask, antibacterial components can be dissolved and released along with exhaled wet gas, and tests show that the prepared antibacterial non-woven fabric can play a stable antibacterial role within 24 h.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of functional fabrics, and specifically relates to a silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric for masks and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Respiratory infectious diseases can be transmitted through air and droplets, and can easily cause large-scale concentrated infections in the population. Cutting off the transmission route of pathogens is an effective means to protect people's health. Many countries have stockpiled protective masks as a means of non-drug intervention to control the spread of pathogens.

[0003] The mask surface of a general mask is divided into three layers: inner, middle and outer. The inner layer is made of skin-friendly material, the middle layer is an isolation filter layer, and the outer layer is an antibacterial layer made of special materials. The mask has certain dust-proof and bacteria-filtering functions, but cannot kill germs, and the bacteria are blocked in the mask. If not handled properly, it will cause secondary infection; therefore, various antibacterial masks have been developed in the prior art, among which silver-based antibacterial masks are the most widely used. The main technical solution is to use silver-based antibacterial materials to make the filter material of the mask to achieve antibacterial effect, such as the sputtered nano-silver non-woven fabric developed by Taiwan Yinjia Company, China, which exerts an antibacterial effect by sputtering nano-silver on the filter layer. However, the manufacturing process of this method is complicated, and the silver-based antibacterial material is directly in contact with the air and deteriorates, which greatly reduces the antibacterial effect; therefore, the present application aims to develop an efficient and stable silver-based antibacterial non-woven fabric for use in masks. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background technology, the object of the present invention is to provide a silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric for a mask and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabric for masks comprises a needle-punched nonwoven fabric and antibacterial particles loaded in the needle-punched nonwoven fabric; wherein the antibacterial particles are coated with a composite antibacterial agent.

[0007] The composite antibacterial agent is prepared by the following method:

[0008] Step A1: γ-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and deionized water are mixed, the pH value is adjusted to 5.0-6.0, and stirred at room temperature for a first stirring time until fully hydrolyzed, and then tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whiskers are added for ultrasonic dispersion, and the pH value is adjusted to 7.0-8.0, and then allowed to stand for aging. After the reaction, the supernatant is removed, washed with ethanol, and the lower layer of concentrate is centrifuged and freeze-dried to obtain a coupling matrix;

[0009] Step A2: 1-thioglycerol and ethanol solution are mixed, and the coupling matrix is ​​added for ultrasonic dispersion, the temperature is raised to 55-65° C., and stirred at a first stirring speed, while ammonia water is added dropwise for reaction, and then a silver catalyst is added, and the temperature is continued to be raised to 90-100° C. for evaporation, and the evaporation product is used to modify the matrix;

[0010] Step A3: silver nitrate and yttrium chloride are dissolved in deionized water, heated to 75-80°C under nitrogen protection, ammonia water is added to adjust the pH value to 8.5, and then the modified matrix is ​​added for ultrasonic dispersion, the lower precipitate is centrifuged and dried in nitrogen to prepare a composite antibacterial agent.

[0011] Furthermore, in step A1, the first stirring time is 10-12 hours, and the static aging time is 24 hours.

[0012] Furthermore, in step A2, the first stirring speed is 800-1000 rpm, and the reaction time of dropwise addition of ammonia water is 2-3 h.

[0013] Furthermore, in step A3, ultrasonic dispersion is performed for 1.5-2 hours.

[0014] Furthermore, in step A1, the usage ratio of γ-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whisker is (2.6-3.2 mL): 10 g.

[0015] Furthermore, in step A2, the usage ratio of 1-thioglycerol and coupling matrix is ​​(1.8-2.5 mL): 10 g.

[0016] Furthermore, in step A3, the usage ratio of the modified substrate, silver nitrate and yttrium chloride is 10 g: (25-35 mmol): (3-5 mmol).

[0017] Furthermore, the method for preparing the antibacterial microparticles comprises the following steps:

[0018] Step B1: Dissolve sodium alginate, gelatin, starch and deionized water at a solid content of 1.2-1.4% by stirring, adjust the pH value to 9.5-10.0, raise the temperature to 70-80° C., stir and mix to prepare a coating solution;

[0019] Step B2: coating the coating liquid on the surface of the composite antibacterial agent through a spray coating machine, drying and breaking it up with hot carbon dioxide to prepare antibacterial particles.

[0020] Furthermore, the mass ratio of sodium alginate, gelatin and starch is 1:(0.08-0.12):(0.15-0.2).

[0021] A method for preparing a silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric for a mask comprises the following steps:

[0022] Step S1: mixing the antibacterial particles and anhydrous ethanol at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:(20-30), and ultrasonically dispersing them into a suspension state to prepare a loading liquid;

[0023] Step S2: Place the needle-punched nonwoven fabric in a vacuum kettle, evacuate to below 100 Pa, then introduce a load liquid to a constant pressure, take out the nonwoven fabric and dry it with dry air to make an antibacterial nonwoven fabric.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0025] 1. The present invention prepares a silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric for masks, which uses a needle-punched non-woven fabric as a substrate and has good filtering protection and moisture absorption performance. A self-made silver antibacterial particle is loaded in the needle-punched non-woven fabric, which is coated with a composite antibacterial agent, has good anti-oxidation and anti-deterioration effects, and can exert a stable antibacterial effect;

[0026] 2. The composite antibacterial agent uses tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whiskers as carriers, and is treated by coupling with γ-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane to graft thiol-containing organic groups on the surface, and then undergoes oxidation condensation with 1-thioglycerol to introduce sulfur-containing groups and primary alcohol groups, which are then oxidized into aldehyde groups by silver catalysts. Under hydrothermal conditions, the sulfur-containing groups adsorb silver and yttrium ions, and in the ion enrichment layer on the surface of the substrate, the surface aldehyde groups reduce the silver yttrium elements to form silver yttrium particles loaded on the surface of the substrate. Compared with traditional loaded silver antibacterial agents, tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whiskers have a needle-shaped surface structure, which has a certain antibacterial effect itself, and provides more loading sites, which is conducive to the loading of silver yttrium elements. Silver has a good killing effect on bacteria. The main reason is that in a humid environment, silver produces active oxygen groups, which interfere with the activity and function of bacteria. Studies have found that yttrium can greatly promote the production of active oxygen groups by silver, and the two are loaded together to achieve excellent antibacterial effects.

[0027] 3. In addition, the present invention uses sodium alginate as the main film-forming material, and its viscosity is greatly reduced under alkaline and high temperature conditions, which is beneficial to the uniformity of the coating. The initial adhesion is improved by compounding starch and gelatin, and the composite antibacterial agent is coated for protection, which effectively prevents the loaded silver yttrium functional material from deteriorating in the air, resulting in a decrease in the antibacterial effect. The film layer is a water-soluble film layer, which is used in a mask and can be dissolved with the exhaled moist gas to release the antibacterial components. After testing, the antibacterial non-woven fabric prepared can exert a stable antibacterial effect within 24 hours. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] This embodiment prepares a silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric for masks, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0031] 1) Preparation of composite antibacterial agent

[0032] a1. Take γ-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and deionized water in a volume ratio of 1:50, dilute and mix, add dilute hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value to 6.0, stir at 120rpm for 12h at room temperature to fully hydrolyze, then add tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whiskers according to the dosage of γ-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane at 2.6mL / 10g, wherein the tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whiskers are supplied by Wuhu Jikang New Materials Technology Co., Ltd., model WZX5, and the same batch of raw materials are used below, ultrasonically dispersed at 28kHz for 20min, and sodium hydroxide solution is added dropwise during ultrasonic dispersion to adjust the pH value to 7.0, and then allowed to stand for 24h. After aging, the supernatant is skimmed off, and a 30% ethanol solution twice the amount of the precipitate is added for washing, and the lower layer of concentrate is centrifuged and freeze-dried to prepare a coupling matrix;

[0033] a2. Take 1-thioglycerol and 55% ethanol solution in a volume ratio of 1:35, stir and dissolve them, then add the coupling matrix in an amount of 1.8 mL / 10 g of 1-thioglycerol, continue ultrasonic dispersion at 28 kHz for 8 min, heat to 55° C., stir at a speed of 800 rpm, slowly drop 8% of the volume of the reaction system and 5% ammonia water within 2 h, then keep warm for reaction, control the addition reaction time of ammonia water to be 3 h, add a mesh silver catalyst after the reaction, continue to heat to 90° C., until evaporated to dryness, and take the evaporated product modified matrix;

[0034] a3. Take silver nitrate and yttrium chloride as materials, add deionized water and stir until completely dissolved, introduce nitrogen protection, heat to 75°C, add ammonia water to adjust the pH value to 8.5, then add the modified matrix, ultrasonically disperse at 33kHz for 2h, then centrifuge and take the lower precipitate and dry it in nitrogen to make a composite antibacterial agent, wherein the usage ratio of the modified matrix, silver nitrate and yttrium chloride is 10g:25mmol:5mmol.

[0035] 2) Composite antimicrobial coating

[0036] b1. Mix sodium alginate, gelatin and starch in a weight ratio of 1:0.12:0.15, add deionized water to a solid content of 1.2% and stir to dissolve, add sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 9.5, heat to 70°C, stir at 800 rpm for 5 minutes to make a coating solution;

[0037] b2. Add the coating liquid into the silo of the spray coating machine, add the composite antibacterial agent into the drum, set the rotation speed to 60rpm, and the spray pressure of the coating liquid to 2.5MPa. Coat the coating liquid on the surface of the composite antibacterial agent, dry the output with 80℃ hot carbon dioxide gas, and then place it in an air flow disperser to disperse it to make antibacterial particles.

[0038] 3) Preparation of antibacterial nonwoven fabrics

[0039] s1. Take anhydrous ethanol, add antibacterial microparticles according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1:30, mix, and place under ultrasonic dispersion at 20kHz for 10 minutes to disperse the antibacterial microparticles in anhydrous ethanol to form a suspension state to prepare a loading liquid;

[0040] s2. Place the needle-punched nonwoven fabric in a vacuum kettle, evacuate to 100 Pa, then introduce the load liquid into the vacuum kettle until constant pressure is reached, take out the nonwoven fabric and place it in a tunnel furnace, dry it with 60°C dry air for 3 hours to make an antibacterial nonwoven fabric.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] This embodiment prepares a silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric for masks, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0043] 1) Preparation of composite antibacterial agent

[0044] a1. Take γ-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and deionized water in a volume ratio of 1:40, dilute and mix, add dilute hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value to 5.0, stir at 120rpm for 10h at room temperature to fully hydrolyze, then add tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whiskers according to the amount of γ-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane at 3.2mL / 10g, ultrasonically disperse at 28kHz for 15min, and add sodium hydroxide solution while ultrasonically dispersing to adjust the pH value to 8.0, then stand and age for 24h, remove the supernatant after aging, add 30% ethanol solution 3 times the precipitate for washing, centrifuge and take the lower layer of concentrate for freeze-drying to prepare a coupling matrix;

[0045] a2. Take 1-thioglycerol and 55% ethanol solution in a volume ratio of 1:30, stir and dissolve them, then add the coupling matrix in an amount of 2.5mL / 10g of 1-thioglycerol, continue ultrasonic dispersion at 28kHz for 5min, heat to 65°C, stir at a speed of 1000rpm, slowly drop 8% of the reaction system volume and 5% ammonia water within 1h, then keep warm for reaction, control the addition reaction time of ammonia water to be 2h, add a mesh silver catalyst after the reaction, continue to heat to 100°C, until evaporated to dryness, and take the evaporated product modified matrix;

[0046] a3. Take silver nitrate and yttrium chloride as materials, add deionized water and stir until completely dissolved, introduce nitrogen protection, heat to 80°C, add ammonia water to adjust the pH value to 8.5, then add the modified matrix, ultrasonically disperse at 33kHz for 1.5h, then centrifuge and take the lower precipitate and dry it in nitrogen to prepare a composite antibacterial agent, wherein the usage ratio of the modified matrix, silver nitrate and yttrium chloride is 10g:35mmol:3mmol.

[0047] 2) Composite antimicrobial coating

[0048] b1. Mix sodium alginate, gelatin and starch in a weight ratio of 1:0.08:0.2, add deionized water to a solid content of 1.4% and stir to dissolve, add sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 10.0, heat to 80°C, stir at 800 rpm for 3 min to make a coating solution;

[0049] b2. Add the coating liquid into the silo of the spray coating machine, add the composite antibacterial agent into the drum, set the rotation speed to 60rpm, and the spray pressure of the coating liquid to 2.5MPa. Coat the coating liquid on the surface of the composite antibacterial agent, dry the output with 80℃ hot carbon dioxide gas, and then place it in an air flow disperser to disperse it to make antibacterial particles.

[0050] 3) Preparation of antibacterial nonwoven fabrics

[0051] s1. Take anhydrous ethanol, add antibacterial microparticles according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20, and mix them under ultrasonic dispersion at 28kHz for 6 minutes to disperse the antibacterial microparticles in the anhydrous ethanol to form a suspension state to prepare a loading liquid;

[0052] s2. Place the needle-punched nonwoven fabric in a vacuum kettle, evacuate to 100 Pa, then introduce the load liquid into the vacuum kettle until constant pressure is reached, take out the nonwoven fabric and place it in a tunnel furnace, dry it with 60°C dry air for 3 hours to make an antibacterial nonwoven fabric.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] This embodiment prepares a silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric for masks, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0055] 1) Preparation of composite antibacterial agent

[0056] a1. Take γ-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and deionized water in a volume ratio of 1:40, dilute and mix, add dilute hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value to 5.5, stir at 120rpm for 12h at room temperature to fully hydrolyze, then add tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whiskers according to the amount of γ-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane at 3.0mL / 10g, ultrasonically disperse at 28kHz for 18min, and add sodium hydroxide solution while ultrasonically dispersing to adjust the pH value to 7.5, then stand and age for 24h, remove the supernatant after aging, add 30% ethanol solution 3 times the precipitate for washing, centrifuge and take the lower layer of concentrate for freeze-drying to prepare a coupling matrix;

[0057] a2. Stir 1-thioglycerol and 55% ethanol solution in a volume ratio of 1:35, then add 2.2 mL / 10 g of 1-thioglycerol to the coupling matrix, continue ultrasonic dispersion at 28 kHz for 7 min, heat to 60° C., stir at 1000 rpm, slowly drop 8% of the reaction system volume and 5% ammonia water within 1.5 h, then keep warm for reaction, control the reaction time of adding ammonia water to 2.8 h, add a mesh silver catalyst after the reaction, continue to heat to 100° C., until evaporated to dryness, and take the evaporated product modified matrix;

[0058] a3. Take silver nitrate and yttrium chloride as materials, add deionized water and stir until completely dissolved, introduce nitrogen protection, heat to 80°C, add ammonia water to adjust the pH value to 8.5, then add the modified matrix, ultrasonically disperse at 33kHz for 1.8h, then centrifuge and take the lower precipitate and dry it in nitrogen to prepare a composite antibacterial agent, wherein the amount ratio of the modified matrix, silver nitrate and yttrium chloride is 10g:30mmol:5mmol.

[0059] 2) Composite antimicrobial coating

[0060] b1. Mix sodium alginate, gelatin and starch in a weight ratio of 1:0.1:0.18, add deionized water to a solid content of 1.3% and stir to dissolve, add sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 10.0, heat to 75°C, stir at 800 rpm for 4 min to make a coating solution;

[0061] b2. Add the coating liquid into the silo of the spray coating machine, add the composite antibacterial agent into the drum, set the rotation speed to 60rpm, and the spray pressure of the coating liquid to 2.5MPa. Coat the coating liquid on the surface of the composite antibacterial agent, dry the output with 80℃ hot carbon dioxide gas, and then place it in an air flow disperser to disperse it to make antibacterial particles.

[0062] 3) Preparation of antibacterial nonwoven fabrics

[0063] s1. Take anhydrous ethanol, add antibacterial microparticles according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:25, and mix them under ultrasonic dispersion at 28kHz for 8 minutes to disperse the antibacterial microparticles in the anhydrous ethanol to form a suspension state to prepare a loading liquid;

[0064] s2. Place the needle-punched nonwoven fabric in a vacuum kettle, evacuate to 100 Pa, then introduce the load liquid into the vacuum kettle until constant pressure is reached, take out the nonwoven fabric and place it in a tunnel furnace, dry it with 60°C dry air for 3 hours to make an antibacterial nonwoven fabric.

[0065] Comparative Example 1

[0066] This comparative example is a blank control. The needle-punched nonwoven fabric is placed in a vacuum kettle, evacuated to 100 Pa, and anhydrous ethanol is introduced until constant pressure. The nonwoven fabric is taken out and placed in a tunnel furnace, and dried with 60°C dry air for 3 hours to make an antibacterial nonwoven fabric.

[0067] Comparative Example 2

[0068] The implementation process of this comparative example is the same as that of Example 3, except that the antibacterial particles in step 3) are replaced by the composite antibacterial agent prepared in this example, and the rest is exactly the same as step 3) in Example 3.

[0069] The nonwoven fabrics prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were tested for antibacterial properties. The specific testing method is as follows:

[0070] Preparation of test bacterial solution: Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, and Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli, were used as test bacteria and prepared to a concentration of 4×10 5 CFU / mL of bacterial solution is reserved;

[0071] The nonwoven fabrics prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were tested for antibacterial rate according to GB / T20944.3-2008 standard. The specific test data are shown in Table 1.

[0072] Table 1 Test results of antibacterial rate of non-woven fabrics

[0073]

[0074] It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that the antibacterial non-woven fabric prepared by the present invention has excellent antibacterial effects on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, wherein the antibacterial rates of Examples 1 to 3 are all above 99.9%, the needle-punched non-woven fabric has no antibacterial effect, and the antibacterial effect of Comparative Example 2 is slightly lower than that of the Examples. Analysis shows that the composite antibacterial deteriorates during the preparation and placement process, resulting in a decrease in the antibacterial effect.

[0075] Based on the above test results, in order to explore the antibacterial stability of the antibacterial non-woven fabric prepared by the present invention, 1 mL of the bacterial solution prepared above was applied on the nutrient agar medium and cultured in a 37°C incubator for 12 h;

[0076] Take the antibacterial non-woven fabrics of Examples 1 to 3, use air with a humidity of 98% and a temperature of 37°C, and use a blower to pass through the sample at 0.2 m / s to simulate the service conditions in the mask. Sampling is performed at 10 min, 12 h and 24 h, respectively, and a disc sample with a diameter of 2 mm is made. It is infiltrated with sterile water and then placed in the middle of the nutrient agar medium. The culture is continued for 6 h, and the diameter of the antibacterial ring is measured. The specific test data are shown in Table 2.

[0077] Table 2 Test results of non-woven antibacterial ring diameter

[0078]

[0079] It can be seen from the data in Table 2 that the antibacterial non-woven fabric prepared by the present invention has a sustained antibacterial effect and has a stable antibacterial effect within 24 hours, which can meet the demand for sustained and stable antibacterial effects in masks.

[0080] In the description of the specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0081] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric for masks, comprising a needle-punched non-woven fabric and antibacterial particles loaded in the needle-punched non-woven fabric, characterized in that: The antibacterial particles are coated with a composite antibacterial agent; The composite antibacterial agent is prepared by the following method: Step A1: γ-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and deionized water are mixed, the pH value is adjusted to 5.0-6.0, and stirred at room temperature for a first stirring time until fully hydrolyzed, and then tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whiskers are added for ultrasonic dispersion, and the pH value is adjusted to 7.0-8.0, and then allowed to stand for aging. After the reaction, the supernatant is removed, washed with ethanol, and the lower layer of concentrate is centrifuged and freeze-dried to obtain a coupling matrix; Step A2: 1-thioglycerol and ethanol solution are mixed, and the coupling matrix is ​​added for ultrasonic dispersion, the temperature is raised to 55-65° C., and stirred at a first stirring speed, while ammonia water is added dropwise for reaction, and then a silver catalyst is added, and the temperature is continued to be raised to 90-100° C. for evaporation, and the evaporation product is used to modify the matrix; Step A3: silver nitrate and yttrium chloride are dissolved in deionized water, heated to 75-80°C under nitrogen protection, ammonia water is added to adjust the pH value to 8.5, and then the modified matrix is ​​added for ultrasonic dispersion, the lower precipitate is centrifuged and dried in nitrogen to prepare a composite antibacterial agent.

2. The silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabric for masks according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A1, the first stirring time is 10-12 hours, and the static aging time is 24 hours.

3. The silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabric for masks according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A2, the first stirring speed is 800-1000 rpm, and the reaction time of dropwise addition of ammonia water is 2-3 hours.

4. The silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabric for masks according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A3, ultrasonic dispersion is performed for 1.5-2 h.

5. The silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabric for masks according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A1, the usage ratio of γ-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whisker is (2.6-3.2 mL): 10 g.

6. The silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabric for masks according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A2, the usage ratio of 1-thioglycerol and coupling matrix is ​​(1.8-2.5 mL): 10 g.

7. The silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabric for masks according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A3, the usage ratio of the modified substrate, silver nitrate and yttrium chloride is 10 g: (25-35 mmol): (3-5 mmol).

8. The silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabric for masks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing the antibacterial microparticles comprises the following steps: Step B1: Dissolve sodium alginate, gelatin, starch and deionized water at a solid content of 1.2-1.4% by stirring, adjust the pH value to 9.5-10.0, raise the temperature to 70-80° C., stir and mix to prepare a coating solution; Step B2: coating the coating liquid on the surface of the composite antibacterial agent through a spray coating machine, drying and breaking it up with hot carbon dioxide to prepare antibacterial particles.

9. The silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabric for masks according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mass ratio of sodium alginate, gelatin and starch is 1:(0.08-0.12):(0.15-0.2).

10. A method for preparing a silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric for a mask according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1: mixing the antibacterial particles and anhydrous ethanol at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:(20-30), and ultrasonically dispersing them into a suspension state to prepare a loading liquid; Step S2: Place the needle-punched nonwoven fabric in a vacuum kettle, evacuate to below 100 Pa, then introduce a load liquid to a constant pressure, take out the nonwoven fabric and dry it with dry air to make an antibacterial nonwoven fabric.

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