Hybrid hydrogen storage system and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a hybrid hydrogen storage system and a control method thereof, and aims to improve the hydrogen storage density and solve the problems of hydrogen supply delay, response delay and the like. The hybrid hydrogen storage system comprises a first hydrogen storage module, a second hydrogen storage module, a control module and hydrogen using equipment, the outputs of the first hydrogen storage module and the second hydrogen storage module are connected to hydrogen using equipment and are used for supplying the stored hydrogen to the hydrogen using equipment; and the control module is used for controlling the first hydrogen storage module and the second hydrogen storage module to provide hydrogen for the hydrogen using equipment according to the current hydrogen release flow of the first hydrogen storage module and the target hydrogen demand flow of the hydrogen using equipment. Through selection of a hydrogen supply mode, rapid response to the hydrogen supply demand under the power step of the hydrogen equipment for the fuel cell is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy equipment, and in particular to a hybrid hydrogen storage system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Common and widely used hydrogen storage methods are solid-state hydrogen storage and high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage. Solid-state hydrogen storage technology combines hydrogen with hydrogen storage materials by physical or chemical means to achieve hydrogen storage. From the material classification, there are metal alloys, carbon materials, etc. Metal hydride alloys can be further divided into rare earth series, titanium iron / manganese series, vanadium series and magnesium series. The advantages of solid-state hydrogen storage are high volume hydrogen storage rate, high safety performance, high energy efficiency, and low cost of hydrogen refueling stations; there are disadvantages such as low mass density of most materials, large amount of heat consumption for hydrogen release, and high requirements for heat exchange devices.

[0003] High-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage technology compresses hydrogen in a high-pressure container to store hydrogen. It is usually made of steel, aluminum, carbon / glass fiber, polymer materials, etc. The advantages of gaseous hydrogen storage are that pressure vessels are easy to manufacture, the technology for preparing compressed hydrogen is simple, and the cost is low; but there are disadvantages such as high energy consumption, high safety risks, and high cost of hydrogen refueling stations.

[0004] Traditional hybrid hydrogen storage methods often adopt a single hydrogen supply mode when supplying hydrogen to hydrogen-using equipment. During the startup or power step process of the hydrogen-using equipment, there will be insufficient hydrogen supply, resulting in untimely system power response and frustration. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hybrid hydrogen storage system and a control method thereof, aiming to improve the hydrogen storage density and solve the problems of hydrogen supply hysteresis and response delay. By selecting the hydrogen supply mode, a rapid response to the hydrogen supply demand of the fuel cell hydrogen device under the power step is achieved.

[0006] To solve the above problems, a first aspect of the present invention provides a hybrid hydrogen storage system, the hybrid hydrogen storage system comprising a first hydrogen storage module, a second hydrogen storage module, a control module and a hydrogen using device;

[0007] The outputs of the first hydrogen storage module and the second hydrogen storage module are connected to hydrogen-using equipment for providing the stored hydrogen to the hydrogen-using equipment;

[0008] The control module is used to control the first hydrogen storage module and the second hydrogen storage module to provide hydrogen to the hydrogen-using device according to the current hydrogen release flow of the first hydrogen storage module and the target hydrogen demand flow of the hydrogen-using device.

[0009] Preferably, the first hydrogen storage module is provided with a temperature sensor and a first pressure sensor, the temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature of the first hydrogen storage module, and the first pressure sensor is used to collect the internal pressure of the first hydrogen storage module.

[0010] Preferably, the hydrogen-using equipment is provided with a second pressure sensor, and the second pressure sensor is used to collect the operating pressure of the hydrogen-using equipment.

[0011] Preferably, the first hydrogen storage module includes a solid-state hydrogen storage device, and the second hydrogen storage module includes a gaseous hydrogen storage device.

[0012] Another aspect of the present invention provides a control method for a hybrid hydrogen storage system, the control method comprising the steps of:

[0013] S1. Obtain the target hydrogen demand flow M of the hydrogen-using equipment f1 ;

[0014] S2. Obtain the current hydrogen release flow rate M of the first hydrogen storage module f0 ;

[0015] S3, according to the current hydrogen release flow M f0 and target hydrogen demand flow M f1 The size relationship and the current hydrogen release flow rate M f0 range, controlling the first hydrogen storage module and the second hydrogen storage module to provide hydrogen to the hydrogen-using equipment.

[0016] Preferably, the step S1 comprises:

[0017] S11, obtaining a target response current of the hydrogen-using device;

[0018] S12. Calculate the target hydrogen demand flow M according to the target response power f1 ,include:

[0019] M f1 =V f1 *t

[0020] Among them, V f1 is the target hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen-using device, and t is the time for the current power of the hydrogen-using device to step to the target response power;

[0021]

[0022] Where I is the current of the hydrogen-using equipment, n is the number of hydrogen-using equipment, λ is the hydrogen stoichiometric ratio, F is the Faraday constant, ρ (P0) is the hydrogen density under the system operating pressure.

[0023] Preferably, the step S2 comprises:

[0024] S21, calculating the current hydrogen release flow rate M according to the temperature and internal pressure of the first hydrogen storage module f0 ,include:

[0025] M f0 =(ρ (P1) -ρ (P0) )vC

[0026] Among them, ρ (P0) is the hydrogen density under the internal pressure state of the first hydrogen storage module, v is the water volume of the first hydrogen storage module, that is, the volume of the first hydrogen storage module that can store gaseous hydrogen, and C is the hydrogen energy density coefficient.

[0027] Preferably, step S3 comprises:

[0028] S31. Determine target hydrogen demand flow rate M f1 and the current hydrogen release flow M f0 size;

[0029] S32, when the target hydrogen demand flow M f1 Less than or equal to the current hydrogen release flow rate M f0 When the hydrogen is supplied by the first hydrogen storage module;

[0030] S33, when the target hydrogen demand flow M f1 Greater than the current hydrogen release flow rate M f0 When the hydrogen is stored in the first hydrogen storage module and the second hydrogen storage module, the hydrogen is provided by the first hydrogen storage module and the second hydrogen storage module.

[0031] Preferably, the step S33 includes:

[0032] S331, according to the target response power, calculating the time Δt required for the temperature and internal pressure of the first hydrogen storage module to rise to meet the requirement that the first hydrogen storage module alone provides hydrogen, including:

[0033]

[0034] Among them, △P (x) Indicates the pressure rise rate, P0 is the system operating pressure, and P1 is the internal pressure of the first hydrogen storage module;

[0035] ΔP (x) =a0+a1x+a2x 2

[0036] Where a0, a1, a2 are the parameters obtained by fitting, and x is the pressure value or temperature value;

[0037] S332, control the second hydrogen storage module to provide additional hydrogen flow △M within △t time f ,and

[0038] ΔM f =M f1 -M f0 .

[0039] Preferably, the step S3 further comprises:

[0040] S31', preset the lower limit value M of hydrogen release of the first hydrogen storage module flim , determine the current hydrogen release flow M f0 and hydrogen release lower limit M flim The size relationship of

[0041] S32', current hydrogen release flow M f0 Greater than or equal to the lower limit of hydrogen release M flim When the first hydrogen storage module is controlled to provide hydrogen;

[0042] S33', current hydrogen release flow M f0 Less than the lower limit of hydrogen release M flim When the gas supply of the first hydrogen storage module is turned off, the second hydrogen storage module is controlled to provide hydrogen.

[0043] The present invention designs a new type of hybrid hydrogen storage and supply system of solid hydrogen storage and gaseous hydrogen storage, and has the existing advantages of both. By designing a control method of the hybrid hydrogen supply system, according to the operation of the current hydrogen-using equipment, the selection of the hydrogen supply mode can realize the hybrid hydrogen supply mode, the solid hydrogen storage single hydrogen supply mode, and the gaseous hydrogen storage single hydrogen supply mode, effectively controlling the multi-mode release of hydrogen from solid and gaseous hydrogen storage, realizing a rapid response to the hydrogen supply demand of the fuel cell hydrogen-using equipment under the power step, and improving the utilization rate of hydrogen. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 is a connection schematic diagram of a hybrid hydrogen storage system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 is a flow chart of a control method of a hybrid hydrogen storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 is a flow chart of an operation method of a hybrid hydrogen storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Reference numerals:

[0048] 1. First hydrogen storage module; 11. Temperature sensor; 12. First pressure sensor;

[0049] 2. The second hydrogen storage module;

[0050] 3. Hydrogen-using equipment; 31. Second pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the description of well-known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the present invention.

[0052] The accompanying drawings show schematic diagrams of layer structures according to embodiments of the present invention. These figures are not drawn to scale, and some details are magnified and some details may be omitted for the purpose of clarity. The shapes of various regions and layers shown in the figures and the relative sizes and positional relationships therebetween are only exemplary, and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and those skilled in the art may additionally design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions according to actual needs.

[0053] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] Combination Figure 1 On one hand, the present invention provides a hybrid hydrogen storage system, which includes a first hydrogen storage module 1, a second hydrogen storage module 2, a control module and a hydrogen user 3; the outputs of the first hydrogen storage module 1 and the second hydrogen storage module 2 are connected to the hydrogen user 3, and are used to provide the stored hydrogen to the hydrogen user 3; the control module is used to control the first hydrogen storage module 1 and the second hydrogen storage module 2 to provide hydrogen to the hydrogen user 3 according to the current hydrogen release flow of the first hydrogen storage module 1 and the target hydrogen demand flow of the hydrogen user 3. Through such a setting, the first hydrogen storage module 1 and the second hydrogen storage module 2 are connected to the hydrogen user 3, and the hydrogen supply mode of the first hydrogen storage module 1 and the second hydrogen storage module 2 is controlled by the control module according to the target hydrogen demand of the hydrogen user 3. It is realized that according to the specific operation of the hydrogen user 3, a hydrogen supply mode that is more suitable for hydrogen combustion is adopted, so that the system runs more smoothly, the performance of the hydrogen user 3 always works in the best state, and at the same time, the hydrogen energy in the first hydrogen storage module 1 and the second hydrogen storage module 2 is used more fully, avoiding the situation that the first hydrogen storage module 1 and the second hydrogen storage module 2 have residual hydrogen that cannot be used.

[0055] It should be noted that the specific structure of the first hydrogen storage module 1 and the second hydrogen storage module 2 and the specific type of the hydrogen-using device 3 are not limited here, and the first hydrogen storage module 1 and the second hydrogen storage module 2 can supply hydrogen to the hydrogen-using device 3. In one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen-using device 3 can be a fuel cell or other energy conversion device that can convert hydrogen energy into chemical energy or directly usable energy. The specific connection method of the first hydrogen storage module 1, the second hydrogen storage module 2 and the hydrogen-using device 3 and the arrangement method in the system are also not limited. The layout design of the first hydrogen storage module 1, the second hydrogen storage module 2 and the hydrogen-using device 3 can be carried out according to the structure of the actual equipment.

[0056] In a preferred case, the first hydrogen storage module 1 is provided with a temperature sensor 11 and a first pressure sensor 12. The temperature sensor 11 is used to collect the temperature of the first hydrogen storage module 1, and the first pressure sensor 12 is used to collect the internal pressure of the first hydrogen storage module 1. Through such a setting, the temperature sensor 11 collects the temperature of the first hydrogen storage module 1, and the first pressure sensor 12 collects the internal pressure of the first hydrogen storage module 1. According to the temperature and internal pressure of the first hydrogen storage module 1, combined with the current system operation, the current flow rate of hydrogen released by the first hydrogen storage module 1 is obtained. At the same time, the pressure rise rate of the first hydrogen storage module 1 can also be calculated by the temperature and pressure obtained by the temperature sensor 11 and the first pressure sensor 12. It should be noted that, under normal circumstances, the flow rate of hydrogen released by the first hydrogen storage module 1 is not only related to the remaining hydrogen storage capacity of the first hydrogen storage module 1, but also to the current temperature and pressure of the first hydrogen storage module 1. The higher the temperature, the more hydrogen is output by the first hydrogen storage module 1, and the higher the pressure will be. The higher the pressure, the greater the flow rate of hydrogen released by the first hydrogen storage module 1. The specific location and fixing method of the temperature sensor 11 and the first pressure sensor 12 are not limited here, as long as they can collect the temperature and internal pressure of the first hydrogen storage module 1.

[0057] Furthermore, the hydrogen-using device 3 is provided with a second pressure sensor 31, and the second pressure sensor 31 is used to collect the operating pressure of the hydrogen-using device 3. During the operation of the system, there is an operating pressure in the hydrogen-using device 3, and this pressure will have an obstructive effect on the flow rate of hydrogen released by the first hydrogen storage module 1. By setting the second pressure sensor 31, the operating pressure of the hydrogen-using device 3 is collected. According to the current operating pressure, the specific situation of the operating pressure of the hydrogen-using device 3 hindering the release of hydrogen from the first hydrogen storage module 1 can be more accurately calculated. This makes it possible to more accurately calculate the actual release flow rate of the first hydrogen storage module 1. It should be noted that the specific setting position and fixing method of the second pressure sensor 31 are not limited here, and it is sufficient to meet the needs of collecting the operating pressure of the hydrogen-using device 3.

[0058] In a preferred case, the first hydrogen storage module 1 includes a solid-state hydrogen storage device, and the second hydrogen storage module 2 includes a gaseous hydrogen storage device. By setting up two hydrogen storage devices of different modes, the advantages of solid-state hydrogen storage and gaseous hydrogen storage can be combined. When a stable and continuous supply of hydrogen is required, the solid-state hydrogen storage device supplies hydrogen to the hydrogen-using device 3, which increases the hydrogen storage capacity, and at the same time, the hydrogen supply is more continuous and stable; during the equipment startup or power step process, a small amount of hydrogen needs to be provided in time so that the hydrogen-using device 3 enters the optimal operating state. At this time, the temperature and pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage device are both low and cannot meet the operating requirements of the hydrogen-using device 3. At this time, the gaseous hydrogen storage device is used to supply hydrogen, which can meet the smooth startup or switching of the hydrogen-using device 3 in time, and the response is faster. After the hydrogen energy of the solid-state hydrogen storage device is completely consumed, hydrogen can also be supplied to the hydrogen-using device 3 through the gaseous hydrogen storage device, which increases the overall hydrogen storage capacity and makes the system run longer.

[0059] It should be noted that the specific method of the solid-state hydrogen storage device is not limited here, and it can be a solid-state hydrogen storage method through physical or chemical adsorption hydrogen storage, metal hydride hydrogen storage or other methods; the specific method of the gaseous hydrogen storage device is not limited, and it can be compressed gas hydrogen storage, low-temperature hydrogen storage, etc. In an optional situation, liquid hydrogen storage can also be adopted, which can meet the needs of the hydrogen-using device 3 to supply hydrogen in time and respond to the needs of the hydrogen-using device 3 in time.

[0060] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 In another aspect, the present invention provides a control method for a hybrid hydrogen storage system, the control method comprising:

[0061] S1. Obtaining the target hydrogen demand flow M of hydrogen-using equipment 3 f1 ;

[0062] S2. Obtain the current hydrogen release flow rate M of the first hydrogen storage module 1 f0 ;

[0063] S3, according to the current hydrogen release flow M f0 and target hydrogen demand flow M f1 The size relationship and the current hydrogen release flow rate M f0 range, controlling the first hydrogen storage module 1 and the second hydrogen storage module 2 to provide hydrogen to the hydrogen-using device 3.

[0064] Through such a control method, according to the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen-using device 3 and the hydrogen supply capacity of the first hydrogen storage module 1, it is comprehensively judged whether the current hydrogen supply can meet the demand of the hydrogen-using device 3, and then a hydrogen supply mode more suitable for the hydrogen-using device 3 is selected. Through the selection of the hydrogen supply mode, the simultaneous hydrogen supply mode of the first hydrogen storage module 1 and the second hydrogen storage module 2, the hydrogen supply mode of the first hydrogen storage module 1 alone, and the hydrogen supply mode of the second hydrogen storage module 2 alone can be realized, and the multi-mode control of the release of hydrogen from the first hydrogen storage module 1 and the second hydrogen storage module 2 is effectively achieved, so as to realize a rapid response to the hydrogen supply demand of the hydrogen-using device 3 when it is started or under power step. At the same time, when the hydrogen of the first hydrogen storage module 1 is insufficient, the second hydrogen storage module 2 can be started to improve the overall endurance of the system.

[0065] In a preferred case, step S1 comprises:

[0066] S11, obtaining a target response current of the hydrogen-using device 3;

[0067] S12. Calculate the target hydrogen demand flow M according to the target response power f1 ,include:

[0068] M f1 =V f1 *t

[0069] Among them, V f1 is the target hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen-using device 3, in liters per second, and t is the time for the current power of the hydrogen-using device 3 to step to the target response power, in seconds;

[0070]

[0071] Wherein, I is the current of the hydrogen-using device 3 in amperes, n is the number of hydrogen-using devices 3, when the hydrogen-using device 3 is a fuel cell, n represents the number of fuel cells, λ is the hydrogen stoichiometric ratio, F is the Faraday constant, usually F=94865C / mol, ρ (P0) It is the density of hydrogen under the system operating pressure, in kilograms per cubic meter.

[0072] In one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen-using device 3 is a fuel cell. During the operation of the fuel cell, the hydrogen demand is calculated by the target response power of the fuel cell, wherein the target response power is directly related to the current in the fuel cell. The current target hydrogen flow rate of the fuel cell is calculated based on the current in the fuel cell, and the required flow rate of the fuel cell is calculated based on the time it takes for the fuel cell to complete the power step to the target response power.

[0073] In a preferred case, step S2 comprises:

[0074] S21, calculating the current hydrogen release amount M according to the collected temperature and internal pressure of the first hydrogen storage module 1 f0 ,include:

[0075] M f0 =(ρ (P1) -ρ (P0) )vC

[0076] Among them, ρ (P0) is the hydrogen density under the internal pressure state of the first hydrogen storage module, v is the water volume of the first hydrogen storage module 1, that is, the volume of the first hydrogen storage module 1 that can store gaseous hydrogen, and C is the hydrogen energy density coefficient, usually C = 11.2Nm 3 / kg.

[0077] The current temperature and internal pressure of the first hydrogen storage module 1 are obtained through the temperature sensor 11 and the first pressure sensor 12, and the current operating pressure of the hydrogen-using device 3 is obtained in combination with the second pressure sensor 31, and the hydrogen release flow rate of the first hydrogen storage module 1 in the current operating state is calculated.

[0078] In a preferred case, step S3 comprises:

[0079] S31. Determine target hydrogen demand flow rate M f1 and the current hydrogen release flow M f0 size;

[0080] S32, when the target hydrogen demand flow M f1 Less than or equal to the current hydrogen release flow rate M f0 When the hydrogen is supplied by the first hydrogen storage module 1;

[0081] S33, when the target hydrogen demand flow M f1 Greater than the current hydrogen release flow rate M f0 When the hydrogen is stored in the first hydrogen storage module 1 and the second hydrogen storage module 2, the hydrogen is provided by the first hydrogen storage module 1 and the second hydrogen storage module 2.

[0082] According to the target hydrogen demand flow and the hydrogen release flow of the first hydrogen storage module 1 in the current state, if the hydrogen release flow of the first hydrogen storage module 1 is greater than or equal to the target hydrogen demand flow, it means that the first hydrogen storage module 1 can meet the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen-using equipment 3 in the current state; if the hydrogen release flow of the first hydrogen storage module 1 is less than the target hydrogen demand flow, it means that the first hydrogen storage module 1 cannot meet the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen-using equipment 3 in the current state. At this time, the second hydrogen storage module 2 is needed to assist in supplying hydrogen to meet the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen-using equipment 3. The control module turns on the hydrogen supply switch of the second hydrogen storage module 2, and the first hydrogen storage module 1 and the second hydrogen storage module 2 jointly provide the hydrogen flow.

[0083] In a preferred case, step S33 includes:

[0084] S331, S331, according to the target response power, calculating the time Δt required for the temperature and internal pressure of the first hydrogen storage module 1 to rise to meet the requirement that the first hydrogen storage module 1 alone provides hydrogen, including:

[0085]

[0086] Among them, △P (x) represents the pressure rise rate, P0 is the system operating pressure, and P1 is the internal pressure of the first hydrogen storage module 1;

[0087] ΔP (x) =a0+a1x+a2x 2

[0088] Among them, a0, a1, a2 are the parameters obtained by fitting, and x is the pressure value or temperature value;

[0089] S332, control the second hydrogen storage module 2 to provide a hydrogen flow rate △M within △t time f ,and

[0090] ΔM f =M f1 -M f0 .

[0091] Through such a control method, the hydrogen supply time and hydrogen supply flow of the second hydrogen storage module 2 are accurately controlled. During this process, the first hydrogen storage module 1 is always in a hydrogen supply state, and the hydrogen supply flow of the second hydrogen storage module 2 can just fill the gap in the current hydrogen flow, so that the hydrogen-using device 3 can operate more smoothly during the power step or transition process, and the hydrogen demand can be responded to in a timely manner. It is also possible to accurately control the hydrogen supply flow of the second hydrogen storage module 2 to avoid excessive hydrogen supply flow, which causes waste of hydrogen energy, so that hydrogen energy can be fully utilized. Further, according to the direct relationship between the hydrogen supply capacity of the first hydrogen storage module 1 and the internal pressure, and the internal pressure will gradually increase with the operation of the system, and the pressure rise rate is usually related to the current pressure or temperature. The time required for the hydrogen release flow of the first hydrogen storage module 1 to reach the hydrogen demand flow of the hydrogen-using device 3 can be calculated by the pressure rise rate. Here, a0, a1, and a2 are related to the structure of the system, the operating environment, and the specific working conditions of the first hydrogen storage module 1, and are determined according to the actual operating system parameters, and no quantitative restrictions are made here. It should be noted that the pressure rise rate is calculated by the change in pressure per unit time. The pressure is affected by temperature changes. The fitting formula x includes the temperature or pressure change value, and when x represents temperature or pressure, the calculation formula for the pressure rise rate is the same.

[0092] In a preferred case, step S3 further comprises:

[0093] S31', preset the lower limit value M of hydrogen release of the first hydrogen storage module 1 flim , determine the current hydrogen release flow M f0 and hydrogen release lower limit M flim The size relationship of

[0094] S32', current hydrogen release flow M f0 Greater than or equal to the lower limit of hydrogen release M flim When the first hydrogen storage module 1 is controlled to provide hydrogen;

[0095] S33', current hydrogen release flow M f0 Less than the lower limit of hydrogen release M flim When the gas supply of the first hydrogen storage module 1 is turned off, the second hydrogen storage module 2 is controlled to provide hydrogen.

[0096] Through such a control method, it is possible to start the second hydrogen storage module 21 to supply hydrogen independently when the remaining hydrogen energy in the first hydrogen storage module 1 is insufficient, thereby improving the endurance of the system. It can also avoid the system stopping after the hydrogen energy of the first hydrogen storage module 1 is exhausted. At this time, the hydrogen energy in the second hydrogen storage module 2 cannot be released for a long time, thereby causing hydrogen energy loss and equipment loss; at the same time, it can also increase the amount of hydrogen energy replenished at a single time and reduce the number of hydrogen energy replenishments. It should be noted that the specific value of the lower limit of hydrogen release of the first hydrogen storage module 1 is not limited here. The lower limit of hydrogen release of the first hydrogen storage module 1 is determined according to the system operating state, the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen-using equipment 3, and the operating environment. It can be adjusted according to the specific situation to meet the system operation as much as possible, and the hydrogen energy in the first hydrogen storage module 1 can be fully released.

[0097] In summary, on one hand, the present invention provides a hybrid hydrogen storage system, which realizes hybrid hydrogen storage through a first hydrogen storage module and a second hydrogen storage module. During the operation of the system, the first hydrogen storage module mainly supplies hydrogen, and according to the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen-using equipment, the first hydrogen storage module and the second hydrogen storage module are controlled to cooperate in hydrogen supply, so as to realize a rapid response to the hydrogen supply demand of the hydrogen-using equipment; further, according to the current operation demand of the hydrogen-using equipment, a hydrogen supply method more suitable for the hydrogen-using equipment is selected, so that the operation process of the system is smoother; in addition, when the hydrogen storage capacity of the first hydrogen storage module is insufficient, the second hydrogen storage module can be started to supply hydrogen alone, so as to improve the endurance of the system. On the other hand, the present invention provides a control method for a hybrid hydrogen storage system, which realizes accurate calculation of the hydrogen release flow rate of the first hydrogen storage module and the target hydrogen demand flow rate of the hydrogen-using equipment according to the operation status of the system, and selects a hydrogen supply method more suitable for the hydrogen-using equipment according to the calculation result, so that the switching process of the hydrogen-using equipment in the operation state is smoother and the response is faster.

[0098] It should be understood that the above specific embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate or explain the principles of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the appended claims of the present invention are intended to cover all changes and modifications that fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or the equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

[0099] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A hybrid hydrogen storage system, characterized in that: The hybrid hydrogen storage system comprises a first hydrogen storage module (1), a second hydrogen storage module (2), a control module and a hydrogen using device (3); The outputs of the first hydrogen storage module (1) and the second hydrogen storage module (2) are connected to a hydrogen-using device (3) for providing the stored hydrogen to the hydrogen-using device (3); The control module is used to control the first hydrogen storage module (1) and the second hydrogen storage module (2) to provide hydrogen to the hydrogen-using device (3) according to the current hydrogen release flow of the first hydrogen storage module (1) and the target hydrogen demand flow of the hydrogen-using device (3).

2. The hybrid hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first hydrogen storage module (1) is provided with a temperature sensor (11) and a first pressure sensor (12); the temperature sensor (11) is used to collect the temperature of the first hydrogen storage module (1); and the first pressure sensor (12) is used to collect the internal pressure of the first hydrogen storage module (1).

3. The hybrid hydrogen storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrogen-using device (3) is provided with a second pressure sensor (31), and the second pressure sensor (31) is used to collect the operating pressure of the hydrogen-using device (3).

4. The hybrid hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first hydrogen storage module (1) comprises a solid-state hydrogen storage device, and the second hydrogen storage module (2) comprises a gaseous hydrogen storage device.

5. A control method for a hybrid hydrogen storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The control method comprises the steps of: S1. Obtain the target hydrogen demand flow M of the hydrogen-using equipment f1 ; S2. Obtain the current hydrogen release flow rate M of the first hydrogen storage module f0 ; S3, according to the current hydrogen release flow M f0 and target hydrogen demand flow M f1 The size relationship and the current hydrogen release flow rate M f0 range, controlling the first hydrogen storage module and the second hydrogen storage module to provide hydrogen to the hydrogen-using equipment.

6. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step S1 comprises: S11, obtaining a target response current of the hydrogen-using device; S12. Calculate the target hydrogen demand flow M according to the target response power f1 ,include: M f1 =V f1 *t Among them, V f1 is the target hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen-using device, and t is the time for the current power of the hydrogen-using device to step to the target response power; Where I is the current of the hydrogen-using equipment, n is the number of hydrogen-using equipment, λ is the hydrogen stoichiometric ratio, F is the Faraday constant, ρ (P0) is the hydrogen density under the system operating pressure.

7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step S2 comprises: S21, calculating the current hydrogen release flow rate M according to the temperature and internal pressure of the first hydrogen storage module f0 ,include: M f0 =(ρ (P1) -r (P0) )vC Among them, ρ (P0) is the hydrogen density under the internal pressure state of the first hydrogen storage module, v is the water volume of the first hydrogen storage module, and C is the hydrogen energy density coefficient.

8. The control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step S3 comprises: S31. Determine target hydrogen demand flow rate M f1 and the current hydrogen release flow M f0 size; S32, when the target hydrogen demand flow M f1 Less than or equal to the current hydrogen release flow rate M f0 When the hydrogen is supplied by the first hydrogen storage module; S33, when the target hydrogen demand flow M f1 Greater than the current hydrogen release flow rate M f0 When the hydrogen is stored in the first hydrogen storage module and the second hydrogen storage module, the hydrogen is provided by the first hydrogen storage module and the second hydrogen storage module.

9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step S33 comprises: S331, according to the target response power, calculating the time Δt required for the temperature and internal pressure of the first hydrogen storage module to rise to meet the requirement that the first hydrogen storage module alone provides hydrogen, including: Among them, △P (x) Indicates the pressure rise rate, P0 is the system operating pressure, and P1 is the internal pressure of the first hydrogen storage module; ΔP (x) =a0+a1x+a2x 2 Where a0, a1, a2 are the parameters obtained by fitting, and x is the pressure value or temperature value; S332, control the second hydrogen storage module to provide additional hydrogen flow △M within △t time f ,and ΔM f =M f1 -M f0 。 10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step S3 further comprises: S31', preset the lower limit value M of hydrogen release of the first hydrogen storage module flim , determine the current hydrogen release flow M f0 and hydrogen release lower limit M flim The size relationship of S32', current hydrogen release flow M f0 Greater than or equal to the lower limit of hydrogen release M flim When the first hydrogen storage module is controlled to provide hydrogen; S33', current hydrogen release flow M f0 Less than the lower limit of hydrogen release M flim When the gas supply of the first hydrogen storage module is turned off, the second hydrogen storage module is controlled to provide hydrogen.

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