Carbon dioxide heat pump energy storage system coupled with solar energy utilization

Abstract

The invention discloses a carbon dioxide heat pump energy storage system coupled with solar energy utilization, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage systems. Comprising a tower type solar heat collection subsystem, a heat pump energy storage subsystem, a supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle energy release subsystem and a transcritical carbon dioxide power cycle energy release subsystem. The characteristic of high heat storage temperature of the tower type solar heat collection system is reasonably utilized, the turbine inlet temperature of the energy storage system is effectively increased through the tower type solar heat collection system under the condition that the pressure ratio of a compressor of the heat pump energy storage system is not increased, and the efficiency of the energy storage system is improved; turbine exhaust gas of the transcritical carbon dioxide power circulation system is condensed into a liquid state through cold energy stored by the heat pump energy storage system, and efficient and reasonable utilization of the cold energy stored by the heat pump energy storage system is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage systems, and in particular to a carbon dioxide heat pump energy storage system coupled with solar energy utilization. Background Art

[0002] With the large-scale grid connection of renewable energy sources such as wind power and solar power, their intermittency and instability have brought huge challenges to the safe and stable operation of the power grid, and also led to many "wind abandonment" and "solar abandonment" phenomena. Energy storage systems can achieve time decoupling between the power generation and power consumption ends of the power grid, reduce the impact of renewable energy grid connection on the power grid, and increase the grid connection rate of renewable energy.

[0003] Compared with other existing energy storage methods, the heat pump energy storage system has the advantages of high energy storage density, no geographical restrictions, low environmental impact, and low investment. It is currently the most promising new energy storage method. The heat pump energy storage system adopts a heat pump cycle to convert the electricity from renewable energy sources such as wind power and solar energy that cannot be connected to the grid into cold energy and heat energy for storage during the low-load stage of the power grid, and converts the stored cold energy and heat energy into electricity and transmits it to the power grid during the high-load stage of the power grid. Since it uses a heat pump cycle to convert electrical energy into cold energy and heat energy, if its compressor pressure ratio is small, there is a problem of low heat storage temperature. If the compressor pressure ratio is increased, the compressor operating parameters will be too high, which will bring challenges to the safe and stable operation of the system. In addition, the cold energy stored in the heat pump energy storage system currently proposed is not fully utilized. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems that the heat storage temperature of the above-mentioned existing heat pump energy storage system is low and the stored cold energy is not fully utilized, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a carbon dioxide heat pump energy storage system coupled with solar energy utilization, which aims to solve the technical problems of low heat storage temperature and insufficient utilization of cold energy in traditional heat pump energy storage systems.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: comprising:

[0007] A tower solar thermal collection subsystem, comprising a heliostat field and a solar energy storage unit corresponding to the heliostat field;

[0008] A heat pump energy storage subsystem, comprising a heat pump compressor, a heat pump system heat energy storage unit connected to the heat pump compressor through a gate valve, a heat pump system heat recovery unit connected to the heat pump system heat energy storage unit through a gate valve, a heat pump expander connected to the heat pump system heat recovery unit through a gate valve, and a heat pump system cold energy storage unit connected to the heat pump expander through a gate valve;

[0009] A supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle energy release subsystem, comprising a super-II compressor and a super-II turbine connected to the solar energy storage unit, and also comprising a cooler arranged between the super-II compressor and the super-II turbine;

[0010] And, a transcritical carbon dioxide power cycle energy release subsystem includes a transcritical turbine connected to the cooler, a condenser connected to the transcritical turbine, and a working fluid pump connected to the condenser.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the carbon dioxide heat pump energy storage system coupled with solar energy utilization described in the present invention, the solar energy storage unit includes a receiver corresponding to the heliostat field, a molten salt cold tank and a molten salt hot tank connected to the receiver through a gate valve, and a molten salt heat exchanger connected to the molten salt cold tank and the molten salt hot tank through a gate valve.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the carbon dioxide heat pump energy storage system coupled with solar energy utilization described in the present invention, the heat pump system thermal energy storage unit includes a packed bed heat accumulator connected to the heat pump compressor through a gate valve.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the carbon dioxide heat pump energy storage system coupled with solar energy utilization described in the present invention, the heat pump system heat recovery part includes a heat regenerator connected to the heat pump system heat energy storage part, the heat pump expander, the heat pump system cold energy storage part and the heat pump compressor.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the carbon dioxide heat pump energy storage system coupled with solar energy utilization described in the present invention, the cold energy storage part of the heat pump system includes a heat exchanger connected to the heat pump expander, and a refrigerant hot tank and a refrigerant cold tank connected to the heat exchanger through a gate valve.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the carbon dioxide heat pump energy storage system coupled with solar energy utilization described in the present invention, the heliostat field orientation of the tower solar thermal collector subsystem can be adjusted in real time as the sun moves.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the carbon dioxide heat pump energy storage system coupled with solar energy utilization described in the present invention, the medium used in the packed bed heat accumulator is a pebble medium.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention rationally utilizes the high heat storage temperature of the tower solar thermal collection system, and utilizes the tower solar thermal collection system to effectively increase the turbine inlet temperature of the energy storage system without increasing the compressor pressure ratio of the heat pump energy storage system, thereby improving the efficiency of the energy storage system; the cold energy stored in the heat pump energy storage system is utilized to condense the turbine exhaust of the transcritical carbon dioxide power cycle system into a liquid state, thereby effectively reducing the turbine back pressure of the transcritical carbon dioxide power cycle system, improving the working capacity of the transcritical carbon dioxide power cycle system, and realizing the efficient and reasonable utilization of the cold energy stored in the heat pump energy storage system. In summary, the present invention effectively improves the turbine inlet parameters of the energy storage system without increasing the compressor pressure ratio of the heat pump energy storage system, and realizes the efficient and reasonable utilization of the cold energy stored in the heat pump energy storage system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Among them:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the heat pump energy storage system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0021] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0022] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0023] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagram. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] Reference Figure 1 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a carbon dioxide heat pump energy storage system coupled with solar energy utilization, the device comprising:

[0026] The tower solar thermal collection subsystem 100 includes a heliostat field 101 and a solar energy storage unit 10 corresponding to the heliostat field 101. The heliostat field 101 is used to reflect and focus sunlight onto the solar energy storage unit 10. The solar energy storage unit 10 is responsible for absorbing the solar radiation and converting it into heat energy of a heat storage medium such as molten salt, and storing and further utilizing it.

[0027] The heat pump energy storage subsystem 200 includes a heat pump compressor 201, a heat pump system heat energy storage unit 20 connected to the heat pump compressor 201 through a gate valve, a heat pump system heat recovery unit 21 connected to the heat pump system heat energy storage unit 20 through a gate valve, a heat pump expander 204 connected to the heat pump system heat recovery unit 21 through a gate valve, and a heat pump system cold energy storage unit 22 connected to the heat pump expander 204 through a gate valve, the heat pump system heat energy storage unit 20 is used to absorb and store heat energy of the heat pump energy storage system, the heat pump system cold energy storage unit 22 is used to absorb and store cold energy of the heat pump energy storage system, the heat pump system heat energy storage unit 20 and the heat pump system cold energy storage unit 22 are connected to the heat pump system heat recovery unit 21 through a gate valve, and are used to recover the heat energy of the working fluid at the outlet of the heat pump system heat energy storage unit 20;

[0028] The supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle energy release subsystem 300 includes a super compressor 301, a super turbine 302 connected to the solar energy storage unit 10, and a cooler 303 disposed between the super compressor 301 and the super turbine 302. This subsystem functions in the energy release stage, converting the thermal energy stored in the heat pump energy storage system 200 and the tower solar thermal collection system 100 into electrical energy. The super compressor 301 compresses carbon dioxide to a supercritical state, and then enters the heat pump system thermal energy storage unit 20 to be heated to a certain temperature, and then enters the molten salt heat exchanger 105 to be further heated. The super turbine 302 uses the heated carbon dioxide to expand and do work, driving the generator to generate electrical energy. The carbon dioxide working fluid that has completed the expansion work in the super turbine 302 enters the cooler 303 to be cooled, and then the cooled carbon dioxide working fluid enters the super compressor 301 to restart the cycle;

[0029] And, the transcritical carbon dioxide power cycle energy release subsystem 400 includes a trans-turbine 401 connected to the cooler 303, a condenser 402 connected to the trans-turbine 401, and a working fluid pump 403 connected to the condenser 402. This subsystem also works in the energy release stage, using the heat energy of the turbine exhaust of the super-turbine 302 and the cold energy stored in the heat pump energy storage subsystem 200 to generate electrical energy. The trans-turbine 401 uses this heat energy to expand and do work, and the condenser 402 is responsible for using the cold energy stored in the heat pump energy storage subsystem 200 to condense the carbon dioxide discharged from the trans-turbine 401, and the working fluid pump 403 returns the condensed carbon dioxide to the system for recycling.

[0030] The solar energy storage unit 10 includes a receiver 102 corresponding to the heliostat field 101, a molten salt cold tank 103 and a molten salt hot tank 104 connected to the receiver 102 through a gate valve, and a molten salt heat exchanger 105 connected to the molten salt cold tank 103 and the molten salt hot tank 104 through a gate valve. The molten salt cold tank 103 is used to store the initial low-temperature molten salt, and the molten salt hot tank 104 is used to store the high-temperature molten salt heated by the receiver 102. The gate valve plays a key role in controlling the flow direction and flow rate of the molten salt to ensure the effective transfer and storage of thermal energy.

[0031] The system has two working stages: energy storage stage and energy release stage:

[0032] When the power grid is in a low-load period and the wind farm has surplus power that cannot be connected to the grid, the system is in the energy storage stage:

[0033] Gate valves V1 and V2 are opened, and gate valves V3 and V4 remain closed. The low-temperature molten salt heat storage medium stored in the molten salt cold tank 103 enters the receiver 102. The heliostat field 101 reflects sunlight and focuses the sunlight on the receiver 102 located on the tower. In the receiver 102, the low-temperature molten salt heat storage medium is heated by the reflected and focused sunlight to become a high-temperature molten salt heat storage medium. Subsequently, the high-temperature molten salt heat storage medium is stored in the molten salt hot tank 104.

[0034] Gate valves V5, V6, V9, and V10 are opened, and gate valves V7, V8, V11, and V12 remain closed. The heat pump compressor 201 compresses the carbon dioxide entering therein to a high temperature and high pressure state, and then the high temperature and high pressure carbon dioxide enters the packed bed regenerator 202. The packed bed regenerator 202 is filled with pebbles as a heat storage medium. The high temperature and high pressure carbon dioxide exchanges heat with the pebbles in the packed bed in the packed bed regenerator 202, and transfers the heat energy it carries to the pebbles in the packed bed regenerator 202 for storage. The high pressure carbon dioxide that has completed the heat exchange in the packed bed regenerator 202 enters the regenerator 203 from the hot side inlet of the regenerator 203, and exchanges heat with the low pressure carbon dioxide that enters the regenerator 203 from the cold side inlet of the regenerator 203 to increase the temperature of the low pressure carbon dioxide working medium entering the heat pump compressor 201, and reduce the temperature of the high pressure carbon dioxide working medium entering the heat pump expander 204. The high-pressure carbon dioxide working medium that has completed heat exchange in the regenerator 203 enters the heat pump expander 204 to expand and work, providing part of the energy for the operation of the heat pump compressor 201. The high-pressure carbon dioxide working medium also becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure carbon dioxide working medium after expansion and work. In the present invention, the motor is coaxial with the heat pump compressor 201 and the heat pump expander 204. The heat pump expander 204 provides part of the energy for the operation of the heat pump compressor 201, and the remaining energy is provided by the motor relying on the wind farm that cannot be connected to the grid. The low-temperature and low-pressure carbon dioxide that has completed expansion and work in the heat pump expander 204 enters the heat exchanger 206 from the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 206. At the same time, the refrigerant stored in the refrigerant hot tank 205 enters the heat exchanger 206 from the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger 206. In the heat exchanger 206, the low-temperature and low-pressure carbon dioxide exchanges heat with the refrigerant, reduces the temperature of the refrigerant, and transfers the cold energy it carries to the refrigerant. The cooled refrigerant flows out from the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger 206 and is stored in the refrigerant cold tank 207. The low-pressure carbon dioxide that has completed heat exchange in the heat exchanger 206 enters the regenerator 203 from the cold side inlet of the regenerator 203, exchanges heat with the high-pressure carbon dioxide entering the regenerator 203, absorbs the heat of the high-pressure carbon dioxide, so as to increase the temperature of the low-pressure carbon dioxide working medium entering the heat pump compressor 201 and reduce the temperature of the high-pressure carbon dioxide working medium entering the heat pump expander 204. The low-pressure carbon dioxide that has completed heat exchange in the regenerator 203 enters the heat pump compressor 201 and is compressed to a high temperature and high pressure state. Through the above process, the heat pump energy storage subsystem 200 converts the electric energy that cannot be connected to the grid in the wind farm into the heat energy of the pebbles in the packed bed regenerator 202 and the cold energy of the refrigerant in the refrigerant cold tank 207 for storage.

[0035] When the grid is in a high load period and needs to provide electric energy, the system is in the energy release stage:

[0036] Gate valves V3, V4, V7, V8, V11, and V12 are opened, and gate valves V1, V2, V5, V6, V9, and V10 remain closed. The super compressor 301 compresses the carbon dioxide working medium to a high-pressure state, and then the high-pressure carbon dioxide working medium enters the packed bed heat accumulator 202, and is heated by the pebble heat storage medium in the packed bed heat accumulator 202. The high-pressure carbon dioxide working medium that has completed the heat exchange enters the molten salt heat exchanger 105 from the cold side inlet of the molten salt heat exchanger 105. At the same time, the high-temperature molten salt heat storage medium stored in the molten salt hot tank 104 enters the molten salt heat exchanger 105 from the hot side inlet of the molten salt heat exchanger 105. In the molten salt heat exchanger 105, the high-pressure carbon dioxide working medium is further heated by the high-temperature molten salt heat storage medium. After heat exchange with the carbon dioxide working medium, the high-temperature molten salt heat storage medium becomes a low-temperature molten salt heat storage medium, and then the low-temperature molten salt heat storage medium is stored in the molten salt cold tank 103. The carbon dioxide working medium that has completed heat exchange in the molten salt heat exchanger 105 flows out from the cold side outlet of the molten salt heat exchanger 105 and enters the super-turbine 401 to expand and work, driving the generator to generate electricity and provide it to the power grid. The carbon dioxide working medium that has completed work in the super-turbine 401 still has a certain amount of heat, and then the carbon dioxide working medium enters the cooler 303 from the hot side inlet of the cooler 303 to heat the working medium of the transcritical carbon dioxide power cycle energy release subsystem 400. The carbon dioxide working medium that has completed heat exchange in the cooler 303 flows out from the hot side outlet of the cooler 303 and enters the super-turbine 401 to be compressed to a high pressure state. The working medium of the transcritical carbon dioxide power cycle energy release subsystem 400 heated in the cooler 303 flows out from the cold side outlet of the cooler 303 and enters the trans-turbine 401 to expand and work, driving the generator to generate electricity and provide it to the power grid. The carbon dioxide working medium that has completed work in the second turbine enters the condenser 402. At the same time, the refrigerant stored in the refrigerant cold tank 207 also enters the condenser 402 to condense the carbon dioxide working medium into a liquid state. The refrigerant that has completed heat exchange in the condenser 402 is stored in the refrigerant hot tank 205. The carbon dioxide working medium condensed into a liquid state re-enters the cooler 303 from the cold side inlet of the cooler 303 under the action of the working medium pump 403 and is heated by the exhaust gas of the supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle turbine.

[0037] Through the above process, in the energy release stage, the supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle energy release subsystem 300 and the transcritical carbon dioxide power cycle energy release subsystem 400 convert the thermal energy stored in the tower solar collector subsystem 100 and the heat pump energy storage subsystem 200 in the energy storage stage and the cold energy stored in the heat pump energy storage subsystem 200 into electrical energy and transmit them to the power grid.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] Reference Figure 1, which is the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the heat pump system thermal energy storage unit 20 includes a packed bed heat accumulator 202 connected to the heat pump compressor 201 through a gate valve. This configuration can improve the heat storage efficiency and reduce the complexity of the system.

[0040] Compared with Example 1, the heat pump system reheating unit 21 further includes a reheater 203 connected to the heat pump system heat energy storage unit 20, the heat pump expander 204, the heat pump system cold energy storage unit 22 and the heat pump compressor 201. The reheater 203 can recycle the heat energy of the working fluid at the outlet of the heat pump system heat energy storage unit 20 to improve the system efficiency. The integration of the heat pump expander 204 allows the energy released during the expansion process to be recycled and reused, further improving the energy utilization rate of the system.

[0041] Compared with Example 1, further, the heat pump system cold energy storage part 22 includes a heat exchanger 206 connected to the heat pump expander 204, a refrigerant hot tank 205 and a refrigerant cold tank 207 connected to the heat exchanger 206 through a gate valve, the refrigerant hot tank 205 is used to store the refrigerant to be absorbed cold energy, the refrigerant cold tank 207 is used to store the cold energy of the heat pump energy storage system for condensing turbine exhaust, and the heat exchanger 206 is responsible for transferring the cold energy of the heat pump energy storage system to the refrigerant.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] Reference Figure 1 , which is the third embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that the position of the heliostat field 101 of the tower solar thermal collection subsystem 100 can be adjusted in real time as the sun moves. This dynamic tracking technology can maximize the collection efficiency of solar radiation and ensure that the receiver 102 is always in the best receiving state.

[0044] Compared with Example 2, further, the medium used in the packed bed regenerator 202 is pebble medium. Pebbles can effectively store and release thermal energy due to their high heat capacity and good thermal stability, and are suitable for high-temperature thermal energy storage applications. Cost-effectiveness and material availability are also taken into consideration.

[0045] Compared with Example 2, further, the working fluid pump 403 has an adjustable flow control device to adapt to different flow requirements. The flow control device can be a variable frequency drive, a regulating valve or other types of regulating systems, which is convenient for the staff to adjust the flow rate and flow of the working fluid according to actual needs.

[0046] Compared to Example 2, further, the heat exchanger 206 includes multiple parallel heat exchangers to achieve effective management of refrigerant with different flow rates. The design of parallel heat exchangers provides greater flexibility, allowing the system to independently control each heat exchanger as needed to adapt to different heat loads and operating conditions.

[0047] The remaining structure is the same as that of Example 2.

[0048] Importantly, it should be noted that the construction and arrangement of the present application shown in a plurality of different exemplary embodiments are only exemplary. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, it should be readily understood by those who refer to this disclosure that many modifications are possible (e.g., the size, scale, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, directional changes, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in the application. For example, the element shown as integrally formed can be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of the element can be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature or number or position of the discrete element can be changed or changed. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps can be changed or reordered according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and is not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent structure. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, other replacements, improvements, changes and omissions can be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments. Therefore, the invention is not limited to a specific embodiment, but extends to numerous modifications still falling within the scope of the appended claims.

[0049] Additionally, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual embodiment (ie, those features that are not relevant to the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention or those that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may not be described.

[0050] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide heat pump energy storage system coupled with solar energy utilization, characterized in that: include, A tower-type solar thermal collection subsystem (100) comprises a heliostat field (101) and a solar energy storage unit (10) corresponding to the heliostat field (101); A heat pump energy storage subsystem (200), comprising a heat pump compressor (201), a heat pump system heat energy storage unit (20) connected to the heat pump compressor (201) via a gate valve, a heat pump system heat recovery unit (21) connected to the heat pump system heat energy storage unit (20) via a gate valve, a heat pump expander (204) connected to the heat pump system heat recovery unit (21) via a gate valve, and a heat pump system cold energy storage unit (22) connected to the heat pump expander (204) via a gate valve; A supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle energy release subsystem (300), comprising a super-II compressor (301), and a super-II turbine (302) connected to the solar energy storage unit (10), and also comprising a cooler (303) arranged between the super-II compressor (301) and the super-II turbine (302); And, a transcritical carbon dioxide power cycle energy release subsystem (400), including a transcritical turbine (401) connected to the cooler (303), a condenser (402) connected to the transcritical turbine (401), and a working fluid pump (403) connected to the condenser (402).

2. The carbon dioxide heat pump energy storage system coupled with solar energy utilization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The solar energy storage unit (10) comprises a receiver (102) corresponding to the heliostat field (101), a molten salt cold tank (103) and a molten salt hot tank (104) connected to the receiver (102) via a gate valve, and a molten salt heat exchanger (105) connected to the molten salt cold tank (103) and the molten salt hot tank (104) via a gate valve.

3. The carbon dioxide heat pump energy storage system coupled with solar energy utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The heat pump system thermal energy storage unit (20) comprises a packed bed heat accumulator (202) connected to the heat pump compressor (201) via a gate valve.

4. The carbon dioxide heat pump energy storage system coupled with solar energy utilization according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The heat pump system heat recovery unit (21) comprises a heat regenerator (203) connected to the heat pump system heat energy storage unit (20), a heat pump expander (204), a heat pump system cold energy storage unit (22) and a heat pump compressor (201).

5. The carbon dioxide heat pump energy storage system coupled with solar energy utilization according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The heat pump system cold energy storage unit (22) comprises a heat exchanger (206) connected to the heat pump expander (204), and a refrigerant hot tank (205) and a refrigerant cold tank (207) connected to the heat exchanger (206) via a gate valve.

6. The carbon dioxide heat pump energy storage system coupled with solar energy utilization according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The position of the heliostat field (101) of the tower-type solar thermal collection subsystem (100) can be adjusted in real time as the sun moves.

7. The carbon dioxide heat pump energy storage system coupled with solar energy utilization according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The medium used in the packed bed heat accumulator (202) is a pebble medium.

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