Railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device and method based on 3DGIS

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of settlement automatic monitoring, and particularly relates to a railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device and method based on a 3DGIS. The railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device comprises an observation point identifier, a calibration point identifier and a datum point observation platform; a linkage acting assembly is arranged on one side in the datum point observation platform, an energy storage assembly is arranged in the datum point observation platform and located below the linkage acting assembly, and a gas purification assembly used for purifying the internal gas environment is arranged on the side, away from the linkage acting assembly, in the datum point observation platform. And a protective cover for protecting the automatic total station is detachably assembled at the top of the datum point observation platform. The working environment of the automatic total station can be improved, no extra continuous power consumption process exists, and meanwhile the monitoring method capable of coping with datum point settlement is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of automatic monitoring of settlement, and in particular relates to a device and method for automatic monitoring of settlement of railway bridges and tunnels based on 3DGIS. Background Art

[0002] In high-speed railway subgrade engineering, settlement deformation is a key factor affecting structural stability and service life. Traditional settlement observation methods such as laying settlement plates, observation piles and conventional automated subgrade surface settlement monitoring systems can measure settlement to a certain extent, but are easily interfered by the outside world and are difficult to achieve continuous remote measurement. The new automatic settlement monitoring system based on the principle of hydraulic pressure difference measurement can comprehensively and effectively perform continuous remote measurement of the surface of high-speed railway subgrades by installing benchmark points and liquid storage tanks and storage tanks inside the subgrade. It has strong anti-interference ability, good durability and is suitable for long-term use. The introduction of 3DGIS technology has enabled the automatic settlement monitoring system to have higher accuracy and stronger real-time performance. Through distributed fiber optic sensing technology and automated data acquisition, combined with intelligent mathematical model analysis and Internet technology, 3DGIS can realize real-time monitoring and health monitoring of the vertical settlement of railway bridge and tunnel structures. This monitoring can not only calculate various settlements, but also analyze the settlement trend of subgrade observations, timely discover potential risk sources, and provide a scientific basis for construction decisions.

[0003] Problems with existing technologies:

[0004] In the existing monitoring methods for bridge and tunnel settlement, the role of the benchmark point is to provide a fixed reference to measure the elevation changes of other points relative to this point. However, if the benchmark point itself settles, all the measurement results based on it will be affected, resulting in data distortion. However, the existing monitoring methods do not provide countermeasures to deal with this unexpected situation.

[0005] In addition, when using the total station for automatic all-weather monitoring, how to maintain a good working environment for the total station is an important measure to ensure the service life of the total station. How to maintain a good working environment for the total station with minimal energy consumption is also a difficult problem that needs to be overcome urgently. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a 3DGIS-based railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device and method, which can improve the working environment of the automatic total station without additional continuous power consumption, and at the same time provide a monitoring method that can cope with benchmark point settlement.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device based on DGIS, comprising an observation point mark, a calibration point mark and a reference point observation platform, wherein an automatic total station for performing detection work is detachably installed inside the reference point observation platform, a linkage working component is arranged on one side inside the reference point observation platform, an energy storage component is arranged inside the reference point observation platform and below the linkage working component, a clean air component for purifying the internal gas environment is arranged on one side inside the reference point observation platform and away from the linkage working component, a protective cover for protecting the automatic total station is detachably assembled on the top of the reference point observation platform, and the linkage working component and the energy storage component cooperate to drive the clean air component and the protective cover to operate;

[0009] Through the operation of the air purification component, the gas inside the reference point observation platform and the protective cover is circulated and purified;

[0010] By allowing the gas inside the gas storage tank to enter the second gas injection pipe, the door panels on the same side move towards each other and open;

[0011] The linkage working component uses the kinetic energy of the main body's rotation to enable the energy storage component to store energy.

[0012] The automatic total station consists of a base, an adjustment platform and a main body. The adjustment platform is adjustably assembled directly above the base, and the edge of the top of the base is array-arranged with leveling nuts for adjusting the adjustment platform. The adjustment platform is rotatably assembled at the bottom of the main body, and a motor for adjusting the direction of the main body is installed at the bottom end of the main body, the output end of the motor is connected to the center of the adjustment platform, and a gear 1 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the bottom of the main body.

[0013] The linkage working assembly includes a vertical pole fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the adjustment platform and a vertical frame fixedly installed inside the reference point observation platform, the tops of the two vertical poles are rotatably assembled with a gear 2 meshing with a gear 1, and the lower surface of the gear 2 is fixedly arranged with an arc-edge gear ring 1, the middle part of the vertical pole is vertically slidably assembled with an arc-edge gear ring 2, and the arc-edge gear ring 1 and the arc-edge gear ring 2 are assembled oppositely and squeezed into engagement, and a spring 1 is connected between the bottom of the arc-edge gear ring 2 and the surface of the adjustment platform.

[0014] A force arm is rotatably installed on both sides of one side of the top of the stand, one end of the force arm is connected to the corresponding arc-edge gear ring 2, and the other end of the force arm is integrally provided with a gear rod, and a wheel axle is rotatably installed on the other side of the top of the stand, and gear three is fixedly installed on both ends of the wheel axle, the gear rod is meshed with the corresponding gear three, and one-way bearings are sleeved on both ends of the wheel axle and located on the outside of gear three, and a sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the outer bearing ring of the one-way bearing, and a crank arm is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the sleeve.

[0015] An air injection pipe 1 is fixedly installed on both sides of the upright frame, and a piston part 1 is telescopically assembled inside the air injection pipe 1, and a transverse groove rod is fixedly provided on the top of the piston part 1 extending out of the air injection pipe 1, and the end of the curved arm away from the center of the circle passes through the corresponding transverse groove rod, and the bottom end of the air injection pipe 1 is respectively connected to an air outlet pipe and an air inlet pipe both of which are equipped with a one-way valve, and the ends of the two air outlet pipes are jointly connected and assembled with an air valve, and the outer walls on both sides of the air valve are respectively connected to air pipe 1 and air pipe 2, and a valve core is rotatably assembled inside the air valve, and a local gear 1 and a local gear 2 are fixedly installed on both sides of the valve core shaft extending out of the outside of the air valve, and the local gear 2 is placed on the outside of the local gear 1.

[0016] The energy storage assembly includes an air tank fixedly installed inside the reference point observation platform, the interior of the air tank is telescopically assembled with a piston component 2, one end of the piston component 2 extending to the outside of the air tank is fixedly provided with an end plate, the inner walls at the four corners of the end plate are fixedly connected with guide rods, the outer wall of one end of the air tank is fixedly provided with a guide sleeve in a circular array, the guide sleeve is used for the corresponding guide rod to pass through, and a spring 2 is connected between the guide sleeve and the end of the guide rod, both sides of the top of the end plate are fixedly connected with a long tooth rod and a short tooth rod, the two short tooth rods are placed on the outside of the two long tooth rods, and the end of the long tooth rod is used to detachably mesh with a local gear 1, and the end of the short tooth rod is used to detachably mesh with a local gear 2;

[0017] The side wall of the energy storage component at one end away from the end plate is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, both of which are equipped with a one-way valve. The end of the air pipe one is connected to the air inlet, and the air outlet is connected to an air branch pipe. A solenoid valve and an electromagnetic three-way valve are fixedly installed inside the reference point observation platform. One end of the air branch pipe is connected to one of the interfaces of the solenoid valve, and the other end of the air branch pipe is connected to one of the interfaces of the electromagnetic three-way valve. One of the interfaces on the top of the electromagnetic three-way valve is connected to air pipe four.

[0018] The clean air components are provided with two groups, and the clean air components include a clean air shell and a fan shell fixedly installed inside the reference point observation platform, a windmill is rotatably assembled inside the fan shell, and an air pipe three is fixedly connected to the outer wall on one side of the top of the fan shell, and the ends of the two air pipes three are commonly connected to the other interface of the solenoid valve, and a bevel gear one is fixedly installed at one end of the shaft body extending from the center of the windmill to the outside of the fan shell, and a transmission shaft is rotatably assembled inside the reference point observation platform and located between the clean air shell and the fan shell, and a bevel gear two is fixedly installed at one end of the transmission shaft, and the bevel gear one is meshed with the corresponding bevel gear two;

[0019] A fan blade is rotatably mounted on one end of the air purification shell, and the fan blade is connected to an adjacent transmission shaft through a sleeved chain transmission, and a filter element for purifying air is mounted on the other end of the air purification shell.

[0020] Both sides of the protective cover are integrally provided with door frames, and both sides of the interior of the door frames are oppositely slidably assembled with door panels, the inner walls of the top and bottom ends of the door frames are fixedly provided with transverse grooves, both ends of the top and bottom of one end of the door panel are fixedly provided with vertical rods 1, and the vertical rods 1 are slidably provided in the corresponding transverse grooves, and both ends of the top and bottom of the other end of the door panel are fixedly provided with vertical rods 2, and both sides of the top and bottom ends of the door frame are rotatably installed with L-shaped pry bars, and one end of the L-shaped pry bars is connected to the corresponding vertical rod 2;

[0021] Air injection pipes 2 are rotatably installed on both sides of the top and bottom ends of the door frame, and piston components 3 are telescopically assembled inside the air injection pipe 2, and one end of the piston component 3 extending out of the air injection pipe 2 is connected to the other end of the corresponding L-shaped pry bar, and a spring 3 for contracting and resetting the piston component 3 is installed inside the air injection pipe 2, and one end of the air injection pipe 2 away from the L-shaped pry bar is connected to an air pipe 5, and an air pipe 6 connected to all the air pipes 5 at the same time is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the protective cover, and the end of the air pipe 6 is connected to another interface on the top of the electromagnetic three-way valve.

[0022] The outer walls on all four sides of the reference point observation platform are hinged with side box covers, a round window for the installation of an automatic total station is opened on the surface of the reference point observation platform, and a ring plate is integrally provided on the edge of the round window surface, and buckles for pressing down the protective cover are installed in a circular array on the surface of the reference point observation platform, a spring tube is fixedly provided in a circular array on the top of the ring plate, and a top bead is elastically and telescopically assembled inside the spring tube, an annular groove body for the top bead to be pressed into is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the bottom of the protective cover, and a push rod for pushing the top bead out of the annular groove body is elastically assembled on the outer wall of the bottom of the protective cover.

[0023] A railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring method based on 3DGIS, the specific steps are as follows:

[0024] S1: Build two reinforcement structures and set them up as reference points and calibration points separately. Install a reference point observation platform at the reference point building location, install a calibration point marker at the calibration point building location, set up an observation point and install the observation point marker;

[0025] S2: Use the automatic total station to regularly observe the observation point marks and calibration point marks in real time and analyze the settlement information;

[0026] S3: If the calibration point marker position is unchanged and the observation point marker is sunk, it is determined that the observation point marker has sunk; if the calibration point marker position is elevated and the observation point marker position is elevated, and the elevation and displacement of the two are the same, it is determined that the base point observation platform has sunk; if the calibration point marker position is elevated and the observation point marker is displaced, and the observation point marker displacement distance is less than the calibration point marker displacement distance, it is determined that the observation point marker and the base point observation platform have sunk at the same time;

[0027] S4: When it is determined that the observation point mark and the benchmark observation platform have both experienced settlement, if the measured elevation displacement of the observation point mark is less than the elevation displacement of the calibration point mark, the observation point mark is higher than the benchmark observation platform; if the measured elevation displacement of the observation point mark is zero, the observation point mark and the benchmark observation platform are at the same height; if the measured settlement displacement of the observation point mark occurs, the observation point mark is lower than the benchmark observation platform;

[0028] S5: When settlement of the benchmark point is detected, abnormal prompts will be issued in time to facilitate timely repairs.

[0029] The technical effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0030] (1) In the present invention, the setting of the air purification component can make the gas inside the reference point observation platform and the protective cover flow, cooperate with the filter element to achieve gas filtering, and finally achieve the effect of purifying the internal gas environment of the device, thereby improving the environment in the storage space of the automatic total station, reducing the impact of the humid and bacterial environment on the internal circuit of the instrument, and at the same time having a certain cooling effect.

[0031] (2) In the present invention, the protective cover is designed to protect the automatic total station from being hit by other objects. In addition, the rotatable protective cover cooperates with the double-opening door panel, which can be adjusted at will according to the survey range, and the opening and closing of the door panel is also completed by the energy storage component and the electromagnetic three-way valve.

[0032] (3) The present invention adopts a design of an energy storage component to provide pneumatic power for the operation of the air purification component and the protective cover. There is no need to install too much electric power equipment and there is no additional continuous power consumption process, which greatly reduces the power consumed by the monitoring device during automatic survey. In addition, the design of the linkage working component provides the energy storage component with automatic energy storage capability, and realizes energy storage work by utilizing the kinetic energy of the reciprocating rotation of the main body. When the gas inside the gas tank is exhausted, the energy storage work automatically starts, and when the gas inside the gas tank is filled, the energy storage work automatically ends.

[0033] (4) The monitoring method provided by the present invention can timely detect unexpected settlement of the location of the benchmark observation platform, especially for monitoring work in tunnels, effectively deal with the risk of benchmark settlement, solve the problem that the existing monitoring work has no response measures to deal with benchmark settlement, and avoid the situation where abnormal data is adopted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the use of the monitoring device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is a disassembled diagram of a reference point observation platform and a protective cover provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a combined structural diagram of an automatic total station, a linkage working component, an energy storage component and a gas purification component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a partial structural disassembly diagram of the linkage working assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The local enlarged structure diagram at A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 6 is a structural diagram of an energy storage assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 is a structural diagram of a gas purification component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 The local enlarged structure diagram at B in the middle;

[0042] Fig. 9 is a diagram of the internal structure of the protective cover provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 The local enlarged structure diagram at C in the middle;

[0044] Fig.11 is a partial cross-sectional plan view of a combination of a protective cover and a ring plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.12 It is a simplified diagram of settlement monitoring provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0047] 1. Observation point identification; 2. Calibration point identification; 3. Reference point observation platform; 301. Side box cover; 302. Ring plate; 303. Press buckle; 304. Spring tube; 305. Top bead; 4. Automatic total station; 401. Base; 402. Adjustment platform; 403. Main body; 404. Leveling nut; 405. Gear 1; 5. Linkage working assembly; 501. Vertical pole; 502. Gear 2; 503. Arc edge gear ring 1; 504. Arc edge gear ring 2; 505, spring 1; 506, stand; 507, lever; 508, gear rod; 509, axle; 510, gear 3; 511, one-way bearing; 512, sleeve; 513, crank arm; 514, air injection pipe 1; 515, piston 1; 516, air outlet pipe; 517, air inlet pipe; 518, air valve; 519, valve core; 520, local gear 1; 521, local gear 2; 522, air pipe 1; 523, air pipe 2; 6. Energy storage assembly; 601. Gas storage tank; 602. Piston component 2; 603. End plate; 604. Guide sleeve; 605. Guide rod; 606. Spring 2; 607. Long tooth rod; 608. Short tooth rod; 609. Air inlet; 610. Air branch pipe; 7. Clean air assembly; 701. Clean air shell; 702. Fan blade; 703. Filter element; 704. Fan shell; 705. Air pipe 3; 706. Windmill; 707. Bevel gear 1; 708. Transmission shaft ; 709, bevel gear two; 710, chain; 8, solenoid valve; 9, solenoid three-way valve; 901, air pipe four; 10, protective cover; 1001, door frame; 1002, door panel; 1003, vertical rod one; 1004, horizontal groove; 1005, vertical rod two; 1006, L-shaped pry bar; 1007, air injection pipe two; 1008, piston piece three; 1009, air pipe five; 1010, air pipe six; 1011, ring groove body; 1012, push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is specifically described below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is only used to describe one or several specific embodiments of the present invention, and does not strictly limit the scope of protection of the specific claims of the present invention.

[0049] like Figure 1-Figure 11As shown, an automatic monitoring device for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on 3DGIS includes an observation point mark 1, a calibration point mark 2 and a reference point observation platform 3, an automatic total station 4 for performing detection work is detachably installed inside the reference point observation platform 3, a linkage working component 5 is arranged on one side inside the reference point observation platform 3, an energy storage component 6 is arranged inside the reference point observation platform 3 and below the linkage working component 5, an air purification component 7 for purifying the internal gas environment is arranged inside the reference point observation platform 3 and away from the side of the linkage working component 5, a protective cover 10 for protecting the automatic total station 4 is detachably assembled on the top of the reference point observation platform 3, and the linkage working component 5 and the energy storage component 6 cooperate to drive the air purification component 7 and the protective cover 10 to operate.

[0050] See attached Figure 2-Figure 3 The automatic total station 4 consists of a base 401, an adjustment platform 402 and a main body 403. The adjustment platform 402 is adjustably assembled directly above the base 401, and the edge of the top of the base 401 is array-arranged with leveling nuts 404 for adjusting the adjustment platform 402. The adjustment platform 402 is rotatably assembled at the bottom of the main body 403, and a motor for adjusting the direction of the main body 403 is installed at the bottom end of the main body 403. The output end of the motor is connected to the center of the adjustment platform 402, and a gear 405 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the bottom of the main body 403.

[0051] According to the above structure, during the operation of the automatic total station 4, the main body 403 will be continuously rotated back and forth by the motor. During the process, the lens inside the main body 403 will also follow the reciprocating rotation, thereby achieving the survey work of the markers on different sides. This process is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0052] See attached Figure 4-Figure 5 The linkage working assembly 5 includes a vertical pole 501 fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the adjustment platform 402 and a vertical frame 506 fixedly installed inside the reference point observation platform 3, the tops of the two vertical poles 501 are rotatably assembled with a gear 2 502 meshing with a gear 1 405, and the lower surface of the gear 2 502 is fixedly arranged with an arc-edge gear ring 1 503, the middle part of the vertical pole 501 is vertically slidably assembled with an arc-edge gear ring 2 504, and the arc-edge gear ring 1 503 and the arc-edge gear ring 2 504 are assembled oppositely and squeezed and meshed, and a spring 1 505 is connected between the bottom of the arc-edge gear ring 2 504 and the surface of the adjustment platform 402.

[0053] See attached Figure 4-Figure 5A force arm 507 is rotatably installed on both sides of one side of the top of the stand 506, one end of the force arm 507 is connected to the corresponding arc edge gear ring 2 504, and the other end of the force arm 507 is integrally provided with a gear rod 508, and a wheel axle 509 is rotatably installed on the other side of the top of the stand 506, and gear three 510 is fixedly installed on both ends of the wheel axle 509, and the gear rod 508 is meshed with the corresponding gear three 510, and one-way bearings 511 are sleeved on both ends of the wheel axle 509 and located on the outside of the gear three 510, and the outer side of the outer bearing ring of the one-way bearing 511 is sleeved with a sleeve 512, and the outer wall of the sleeve 512 is fixedly provided with a crank arm 513.

[0054] See attached Figure 4-Figure 5 , air injection pipes 514 are fixedly installed on both sides of the stand 506, and a piston member 515 is telescopically assembled inside the air injection pipe 514, and a horizontal groove rod is fixedly set on the top of the piston member 515 extending out of the air injection pipe 514, and the end of the curved arm 513 away from the center of the circle passes through the corresponding horizontal groove rod, and the bottom end of the air injection pipe 514 is respectively connected to an air outlet pipe 516 and an air inlet pipe 517 both equipped with a one-way valve, and the ends of the two air outlet pipes 516 are commonly connected and assembled with an air valve 518, and the outer walls of both sides of the air valve 518 are respectively connected to an air pipe 1 522 and an air pipe 2 523, and the air valve 518 is rotatably assembled inside the air valve 518, and a local gear 1 520 and a local gear 2 521 are fixedly installed on both sides of the valve core 519 shaft extending out of the outside of the air valve 518, and the local gear 2 521 is placed on the outside of the local gear 1 520.

[0055] According to the above structure, when the main body 403 rotates, the gear 1 405 rotates accordingly, and after the gear 1 405 meshes with the gear 2 502, the arc-edge gear ring 1 503 rotates accordingly, and then under the extrusion and meshing of the arc-edge gear ring 1 503 and the arc-edge gear ring 2 504, and the elastic force of the spring 1 505, the arc-edge gear ring 2 504 immediately makes reciprocating up and down motions, and then drives the force arm 507 to deflect back and forth, and the gear rod 508 at the end of the force arm 507 will continuously mesh with the corresponding gear 3 510 and drive it to reciprocate. At this time, according to the characteristics of the one-way bearing 511, the wheel axle 509 will eventually drive the crank arm 513 to rotate intermittently in one direction, and the piston member 1 515 will also make intermittent reciprocating up and down motions, and positive and negative pressures will be continuously formed in the air injection pipe 1 514, and air will be sucked in through the air inlet pipe 517 and then discharged through the air outlet pipe 516.

[0056] See attached Figure 6The energy storage assembly 6 includes a gas tank 601 fixedly installed inside the reference point observation platform 3, and a piston member 602 is telescopically assembled inside the gas tank 601. An end plate 603 is fixedly provided at one end of the piston member 602 extending to the outside of the gas tank 601, and guide rods 605 are fixedly connected to the inner walls at the four corners of the end plate 603. A guide sleeve 604 is fixedly provided on the outer wall of one end of the gas tank 601 in a circular array. The guide sleeve 604 is used for the corresponding guide rod 605 to pass through, and a spring 606 is connected between the guide sleeve 604 and the end of the guide rod 605. Long tooth rods 607 and short tooth rods 608 are fixedly connected on both sides of the top of the end plate 603. The two short tooth rods 608 are placed on the outside of the two long tooth rods 607, and the end of the long tooth rod 607 is used to detachably engage with the local gear 1 520, and the end of the short tooth rod 608 is used to detachably engage with the local gear 2 521.

[0057] See attached Figure 6 The side wall of the energy storage component 6 at one end away from the end plate 603 is provided with an air inlet 609 and an air outlet, both of which are equipped with a one-way valve. The end of the air pipe 522 is connected to the air inlet 609, and the air outlet is connected to the air branch pipe 610. The interior of the reference point observation platform 3 is fixedly installed with an electromagnetic valve 8 and an electromagnetic three-way valve 9. One end of the air branch pipe 610 is connected to one of the interfaces of the electromagnetic valve 8, and the other end of the air branch pipe 610 is connected to one of the interfaces of the electromagnetic three-way valve 9. One of the interfaces on the top of the electromagnetic three-way valve 9 is connected to the air pipe 4 901.

[0058] According to the above structure, when the gas in the gas storage tank 601 is nearly exhausted, the end of the short tooth rod 608 meshes with the local gear 2 521 and rotates the valve core 519. The valve core 519 is at an angle that makes the gas outlet pipe 516 and the gas pipe 1 522 communicate with each other. The air injected from the gas injection pipe 1 514 will be continuously injected into the gas storage tank 601. As the gas in the gas storage tank 601 is continuously filled, the piston 2 602 and the end plate 603 are continuously moved, and each spring 2 606 is continuously compressed until the end of the long tooth rod 607 meshes with the local gear 1 520 and rotates the valve core 519. At this time, the valve core 519 is at an angle that makes the gas outlet pipe 516 and the gas pipe 2 523 communicate with each other. At this time, the air injected from the gas injection pipe 1 514 will no longer enter the gas storage tank 601.

[0059] The above structure and the design of the energy storage component 6 provide pneumatic power for the operation of the air purification component 7 and the protective cover 10. There is no need to install too much electric power equipment, and there is no additional continuous power consumption process, which greatly reduces the power consumed by the monitoring device during automatic surveying. In addition, the design of the linkage working component 5 provides the energy storage component 6 with automatic energy storage capability, and realizes energy storage work by means of the kinetic energy of the reciprocating rotation of the main body 403. When the gas inside the gas tank 601 is exhausted, the energy storage work is automatically started, and when the gas inside the gas tank 601 is filled, the energy storage work is automatically ended.

[0060] Embodiment 1:

[0061] See attached Figure 7-Figure 8 , the clean air assembly 7 is provided with two groups, and the clean air assembly 7 includes a clean air shell 701 and a fan shell 704 fixedly installed inside the reference point observation platform 3, a windmill 706 is rotatably assembled inside the fan shell 704, and an air pipe three 705 is fixedly connected to the outer wall on one side of the top of the fan shell 704, and the ends of the two air pipes three 705 are commonly connected to the other interface of the solenoid valve 8, and a bevel gear one 707 is fixedly installed at one end of the axis extending from the center of the windmill 706 to the outside of the fan shell 704, and a transmission shaft 708 is rotatably assembled inside the reference point observation platform 3 and located between the clean air shell 701 and the fan shell 704, and a bevel gear two 709 is fixedly installed at one end of the transmission shaft 708, and the bevel gear one 707 is meshed with the corresponding bevel gear two 709;

[0062] See attached Figure 7-Figure 8 A fan blade 702 is rotatably installed at one end of the clean air shell 701, and the fan blade 702 is connected to an adjacent transmission shaft 708 through a sleeve chain 710. A filter element 703 for purifying air is installed at the other end of the clean air shell 701.

[0063] According to the above structure, the solenoid valve 8 is opened regularly, and the gas inside the gas storage tank 601 will be quickly pushed out under the elastic force of the spring 2 606 to form a highly high-pressure airflow. This airflow acts on the windmill 706 in the fan housing 704 through the air pipe 3 705, and the windmill 706 then rotates at high speed, and drives the transmission shaft 708 to rotate through the engagement of the bevel gear 1 707 and the bevel gear 2 709, and then drives the fan blade 702 to rotate through the chain 710. With the help of the airflow generated by the rotation of the fan blade 702, the gas inside the benchmark observation platform 3 and the protective cover 10 can flow, and the filter element 703 is used to filter the gas, and finally the effect of purifying the internal gas environment of the device is achieved, thereby improving the environment in the storage space of the automatic total station 4, reducing the impact of the humid and bacterial environment on the internal circuit of the instrument, and at the same time having a certain cooling effect.

[0064] The working principle of the present invention is: the solenoid valve 8 is opened regularly, and the gas inside the gas storage tank 601 will be quickly pushed out under the elastic force of the spring 2 606 to form a highly high-pressure airflow. This airflow acts on the windmill 706 in the fan housing 704 through the air pipe 3 705, and the windmill 706 then rotates at high speed, and drives the transmission shaft 708 to rotate through the engagement of the bevel gear 1 707 and the bevel gear 2 709, and then drives the fan blade 702 to rotate through the chain 710. With the help of the airflow generated by the rotation of the fan blade 702, the gas inside the reference point observation platform 3 and the protective cover 10 can flow, and the gas can be filtered in cooperation with the filter element 703.

[0065] Embodiment 2:

[0066] See attached Figure 9-10 , both sides of the protective cover 10 are integrally provided with door frames 1001, and both sides of the door frame 1001 are slidably assembled with door panels 1002 in opposite directions, the inner walls of the top and bottom ends of the door frame 1001 are fixedly provided with transverse grooves 1004, both ends of the top and bottom of one end of the door panel 1002 are fixedly provided with vertical rods 1003, and the vertical rods 1003 are slidably provided in the corresponding transverse grooves 1004, and both ends of the top and bottom of the other end of the door panel 1002 are fixedly provided with vertical rods 1005, and both sides of the top and bottom ends of the door frame 1001 are rotatably installed with L-shaped pry bars 1006, and one end of the L-shaped pry bar 1006 is connected to the corresponding vertical rod 1005;

[0067] See attached Figure 9-10 , air injection pipes 1007 are rotatably installed on both sides of the top and bottom ends of the door frame 1001, and piston pieces 3 1008 are telescopically assembled inside the air injection pipe 1007, and one end of the piston piece 3 1008 extending out of the air injection pipe 1007 is connected to the other end of the corresponding L-shaped pry bar 1006, and a spring 3 is installed inside the air injection pipe 1007 for contracting and resetting the piston piece 3 1008, and one end of the air injection pipe 1007 away from the L-shaped pry bar 1006 is connected to an air pipe 5 1009, and an air pipe 6 1010 connected to all the air pipes 5 1009 is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the protective cover 10, and the end of the air pipe 6 1010 is connected to another interface on the top of the electromagnetic three-way valve 9.

[0068] According to the above structure, the electromagnetic three-way valve 9 is controlled to make the originally blocked gas branch pipe 610 communicate with the gas pipe six 1010. At this time, the gas inside the gas storage tank 601 will be quickly pushed out and enter each gas injection pipe two 1007 through each gas pipe five 1009 under the elastic force of the spring two 606. The piston three 1008 will then quickly extend and the spring three will be compressed at the same time. After the piston three 1008 is extended, each L-shaped pry bar 1006 will rotate with the bending point as the center of the circle. Since the L-shaped pry bar 1006 is connected to the vertical rod two 1005 and the vertical rod one 1003 is slidably set at In the transverse groove 1004, the two door panels 1002 on the same side will eventually move toward each other and open, opening the observation field of the main body 403, and the movement process of the door panels 1002 will fit the inner wall of the protective cover 10 as much as possible, so as not to affect the rotation of the main body 403. When the door needs to be closed, the electromagnetic three-way valve 9 is controlled to connect the air pipe six 1010 with the air pipe four 901, and the air branch pipe 610 is unblocked. At this time, the gas in each air injection pipe two 1007 will be pushed out under the elastic force of the spring three, and finally discharged through the air pipe four 901, and each door panel 1002 will eventually be reset.

[0069] See attached Figure 2 , Fig. 9The four outer walls of the reference point observation platform 3 are hinged with side box covers 301, a round window for the automatic total station 4 to be installed is opened on the surface of the reference point observation platform 3, and a ring plate 302 is integrally provided on the edge of the round window surface, and a press buckle 303 for pressing the protective cover 10 is installed in a circular array on the surface of the reference point observation platform 3, a spring tube 304 is fixedly provided in a circular array on the top of the ring plate 302, and a top bead 305 is elastically and telescopically assembled inside the spring tube 304, an annular groove body 1011 for the top bead 305 to be pressed into is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the bottom of the protective cover 10, and a push rod 1012 for pushing the top bead 305 out of the annular groove body 1011 is elastically assembled on the outer wall of the bottom of the protective cover 10.

[0070] According to the above structure, when installing the protective cover 10, align the protective cover 10 with the ring plate 302 for splicing and installation, control each top bead 305 to press into the ring groove body 1011, and then rotate the protective cover 10 to the specified angle, and finally buckle the bottom edge of the protective cover 10 with the buckle 303 to complete the installation of the protective cover 10. The above structure and the design of the protective cover 10 are used to protect the automatic total station 4 from being hit by other objects. In addition, the rotatable protective cover 10 cooperates with the double-opening door panel 1002, which can be adjusted at will according to the survey range, and the switch and closing of the door panel 1002 are also completed by the energy storage component 6 and the electromagnetic three-way valve 9.

[0071] The working principle of the present invention is: control the electromagnetic three-way valve 9 to make the originally blocked gas branch pipe 610 communicate with the gas pipe six 1010. At this time, the internal gas of the gas storage tank 601 will be quickly pushed out and enter into each gas injection pipe two 1007 through each gas pipe five 1009 under the elastic force of the spring two 606. The piston part three 1008 will then be quickly extended and the spring three will be compressed at the same time. After the piston part three 1008 is extended, each L-shaped pry bar 1006 will rotate with the bending point as the center of the circle. Since the L-shaped pry bar 1006 is connected to the vertical rod two 1005 and the vertical rod one 1003 is slidably set in the horizontal groove 1004, the two door panels 1002 on the same side will eventually move towards each other and open, opening the observation field of the main body 403, and the movement process of the door panel 1002 is as close to the inner wall of the protective cover 10 as possible, so as not to affect the rotation of the main body 403.

[0072] Embodiment three:

[0073] like Fig.12 As shown in the figure, a railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring method based on 3DGIS is shown in the figure. The specific steps are as follows:

[0074] S1: Build two reinforcement structures and set them up as a benchmark point and a calibration point separately, install a benchmark observation platform 3 at the benchmark building location, install a calibration point mark 2 at the calibration point building location, set up an observation point and install an observation point mark 1;

[0075] S2: using the automatic total station 4 to regularly observe the observation point mark 1 and the calibration point mark 2 in real time, and analyze the settlement information;

[0076] S3: If the position of calibration point mark 2 remains unchanged and observation point mark 1 sinks, it is determined that observation point mark 1 sinks. Fig.12 Figure a: If the calibration point marker 2 and the observation point marker 1 are detected to have risen, and their rising displacements are the same, it is determined that the benchmark observation platform 3 has settled. Fig.12 Figure b: If the calibration point marker 2 is detected to have risen and the observation point marker 1 is displaced, and the displacement distance of the observation point marker 1 is less than the displacement distance of the calibration point marker 2, it is determined that the observation point marker 1 and the benchmark observation platform 3 have simultaneously settled. Fig.12 Middle Figure b;

[0077] S4: When it is determined that settlement occurs at both observation point mark 1 and reference point observation platform 3, refer to Fig.12 In the middle figure b, the measured elevation displacement of observation point mark 1 is less than the elevation displacement of calibration point mark 2, and observation point mark 1 is higher than benchmark observation platform 3; the measured elevation displacement of observation point mark 1 is zero, and observation point mark 1 is at the same height as benchmark observation platform 3; the measured settlement displacement of observation point mark 1 indicates that observation point mark 1 is lower than benchmark observation platform 3;

[0078] S5: When settlement of the benchmark point is detected, abnormal prompts will be issued in time to facilitate timely repairs.

[0079] The working principle of the present invention is: through the above-mentioned monitoring method, the unexpected situation of settlement at the location of the benchmark observation platform 3 can be detected in time, especially for the monitoring work in the tunnel, effectively dealing with the risk of settlement of the benchmark, solving the problem that the existing monitoring work has no response measures to deal with the settlement of the benchmark, and avoiding the situation where abnormal data is adopted.

[0080] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention shall be implemented according to the conventional means in the art unless otherwise specified and limited.

Claims

1. A railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device based on 3DGIS, comprising an observation point identifier (1), a calibration point identifier (2) and a reference point observation platform (3), characterized in that: An automatic total station (4) for performing detection work is detachably installed inside the reference point observation platform (3); a linkage working component (5) is arranged on one side inside the reference point observation platform (3); an energy storage component (6) is arranged inside the reference point observation platform (3) and below the linkage working component (5); a gas purification component (7) for purifying the internal gas environment is arranged on one side inside the reference point observation platform (3) away from the linkage working component (5); a protective cover (10) for protecting the automatic total station (4) is detachably assembled on the top of the reference point observation platform (3); and the linkage working component (5) and the energy storage component (6) cooperate to drive the gas purification component (7) and the protective cover (10) to operate; Through the operation of the air purification component (7), the gas inside the reference point observation platform (3) and the protective cover (10) is made to flow and be purified; By allowing the gas inside the gas storage tank (601) to enter the second gas injection pipe (1007), the door panel (1002) on the same side moves towards each other and opens; The linked working component (5) uses the kinetic energy of the main body (403) during rotation to enable the energy storage component (6) to store energy.

2. The 3DGIS-based railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The automatic total station (4) is composed of a base (401), an adjustment platform (402) and a main body (403); the adjustment platform (402) is adjustably assembled directly above the base (401); and the edge of the top of the base (401) is provided with leveling nuts (404) for adjusting the adjustment platform (402) in an array; the adjustment platform (402) is rotatably assembled at the bottom of the main body (403); and a motor for adjusting the direction of the main body (403) is installed at the bottom end inside the main body (403); the output end of the motor is connected to the center of the adjustment platform (402); and a gear 1 (405) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the bottom of the main body (403).

3. The 3DGIS-based railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device according to claim 2 is characterized by: The linkage working assembly (5) comprises a vertical pole (501) fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the adjustment platform (402) and a vertical frame (506) fixedly installed inside the reference point observation platform (3); the tops of the two vertical poles (501) are rotatably assembled with a gear 2 (502) meshing with a gear 1 (405); and the lower surface of the gear 2 (502) is fixedly arranged with an arc-edge gear ring 1 (503); the middle part of the vertical pole (501) is vertically slidably assembled with an arc-edge gear ring 2 (504); and the arc-edge gear ring 1 (503) and the arc-edge gear ring 2 (504) are assembled oppositely and squeezed and meshed; a spring 1 (505) is connected between the bottom of the arc-edge gear ring 2 (504) and the surface of the adjustment platform (402).

4. The 3DGIS-based railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device according to claim 3 is characterized by: A force arm (507) is rotatably mounted on both sides of one side of the top of the stand (506), one end of the force arm (507) is connected to the corresponding arc-edge gear ring 2 (504), and a gear rod (508) is integrally arranged on the other end of the force arm (507). A wheel axle (509) is rotatably mounted on the other side of the top of the stand (506), and gear 3 (510) is fixedly mounted on both ends of the wheel axle (509), and the gear rod (508) is meshed with the corresponding gear 3 (510), and one-way bearings (511) are sleeved on both ends of the wheel axle (509) and located on the outside of gear 3 (510), and a sleeve (512) is sleeved on the outside of the outer bearing ring of the one-way bearing (511), and a crank arm (513) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve (512).

5. The 3DGIS-based railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device according to claim 4 is characterized by: An air injection pipe (514) is fixedly installed on both sides of the stand (506), and a piston member (515) is telescopically assembled inside the air injection pipe (514), and a transverse groove rod is fixedly arranged at the top of the piston member (515) extending out of the air injection pipe (514), and the end of the curved arm (513) away from the center of the circle passes through the corresponding transverse groove rod, and the bottom end of the air injection pipe (514) is respectively connected to an air outlet pipe (516) and an air inlet pipe (517) both equipped with a one-way valve, and the two air outlet pipes (516) and the air inlet pipe (517) are connected to each other. The ends of the two ...

6. The 3DGIS-based railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device according to claim 5 is characterized by: The energy storage assembly (6) comprises an air storage tank (601) fixedly mounted inside a reference point observation platform (3); a piston member 2 (602) is telescopically assembled inside the air storage tank (601); an end plate (603) is fixedly arranged at one end of the piston member 2 (602) extending outside the air storage tank (601); guide rods (605) are fixedly connected to the inner walls at the four corners of the end plate (603); a guide sleeve (604) is fixedly arranged in a circular array on the outer wall of one end of the air storage tank (601); the guide sleeve (604) is used for the corresponding guide rod (605) to pass through, and a spring 2 (606) is connected between it and the end of the guide rod (605), and both sides of the top of the end plate (603) are fixedly connected with a long tooth rod (607) and a short tooth rod (608), and the two short tooth rods (608) are placed on the outside of the two long tooth rods (607), and the end of the long tooth rod (607) is used to detachably mesh with the local gear 1 (520), and the end of the short tooth rod (608) is used to detachably mesh with the local gear 2 (521); The energy storage component (6) is provided with an air inlet (609) and an air outlet, both of which are equipped with a one-way valve, on the side wall of one end away from the end plate (603); the end of the air pipe 1 (522) is connected to the air inlet (609); the air outlet is connected to an air branch pipe (610); a solenoid valve (8) and an electromagnetic three-way valve (9) are fixedly installed inside the reference point observation platform (3); one end of the air branch pipe (610) is connected to one of the interfaces of the solenoid valve (8); the other end of the air branch pipe (610) is connected to one of the interfaces of the electromagnetic three-way valve (9); and one of the interfaces at the top of the electromagnetic three-way valve (9) is connected to an air pipe 4 (901).

7. The 3DGIS-based railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device according to claim 6 is characterized by: The clean air assembly (7) is provided with two groups, and the clean air assembly (7) comprises a clean air shell (701) and a fan shell (704) fixedly installed inside the reference point observation platform (3); a windmill (706) is rotatably assembled inside the fan shell (704); and an air pipe three (705) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the top of the fan shell (704); the ends of the two air pipes three (705) are commonly connected to another interface of the solenoid valve (8); a bevel gear one (707) is fixedly installed at one end of the axis extending from the center of the windmill (706) to the outside of the fan shell (704); a transmission shaft (708) is rotatably assembled inside the reference point observation platform (3) and located between the clean air shell (701) and the fan shell (704); a bevel gear two (709) is fixedly installed at one end of the transmission shaft (708), and the bevel gear one (707) is meshed with the corresponding bevel gear two (709); A fan blade (702) is rotatably mounted on one end of the air purification housing (701), and the fan blade (702) is transmission-connected to an adjacent transmission shaft (708) via a sleeved chain (710). A filter element (703) for purifying air is mounted on the other end of the air purification housing (701).

8. The 3DGIS-based railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device according to claim 7 is characterized by: Both sides of the protective cover (10) are integrally provided with door frames (1001), and both sides of the door frame (1001) are slidably assembled with door panels (1002) in opposite directions, the inner walls of the top and bottom ends of the door frame (1001) are fixedly provided with transverse grooves (1004), both ends of the top and bottom of one end of the door panel (1002) are fixedly provided with vertical rods (1003), and the vertical rods (1003) are slidably arranged in the corresponding transverse grooves (1004), and both ends of the top and bottom of the other end of the door panel (1002) are fixedly provided with vertical rods (1005), and both sides of the top and bottom ends of the door frame (1001) are rotatably installed with L-shaped pry bars (1006), and one end of the L-shaped pry bars (1006) is connected to the corresponding vertical rods (1005); Gas injection pipe 2 (1007) is rotatably installed on both sides of the top and bottom ends of the door frame (1001), and piston member 3 (1008) is telescopically assembled inside the gas injection pipe 2 (1007), and one end of the piston member 3 (1008) extending out of the gas injection pipe 2 (1007) is connected to the other end of the corresponding L-shaped pry bar (1006), and spring 3 is installed inside the gas injection pipe 2 (1007) for shrinking and resetting the piston member 3 (1008), and one end of the gas injection pipe 2 (1007) away from the L-shaped pry bar (1006) is connected to gas pipe 5 (1009), and the inner wall of the bottom of the protective cover (10) is installed with gas pipe 6 (1010) which is connected to all gas pipes 5 (1009) at the same time, and the end of the gas pipe 6 (1010) is connected to another interface at the top of the electromagnetic three-way valve (9).

9. The 3DGIS-based railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device according to claim 8 is characterized by: The four outer walls of the reference point observation platform (3) are hinged with side box covers (301), the surface of the reference point observation platform (3) is provided with a round window for the automatic total station (4) to be installed through, and the edge of the round window surface is integrally provided with a ring plate (302), the surface of the reference point observation platform (3) is provided with a press buckle (303) for pressing the protective cover (10) in a circular array, the top of the ring plate (302) is fixedly provided with a spring tube (304) in a circular array, and the inside of the spring tube (304) is elastically and telescopically assembled with a top bead (305), the inner wall of the bottom of the protective cover (10) is fixedly provided with a ring groove (1011) for the top bead (305) to be pushed into, and the outer wall of the bottom of the protective cover (10) is elastically assembled with a push rod (1012) for pushing the top bead (305) out of the ring groove (1011).

10. A method for automatically monitoring the settlement of railway bridges and tunnels based on 3DGIS, which is used to use the automatic monitoring device for the settlement of railway bridges and tunnels based on 3DGIS as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: S1: Build two reinforcement structures and set them up as a reference point and a calibration point separately, install a reference point observation platform (3) at the reference point building location, install a calibration point marker (2) at the calibration point building location, set up an observation point and install an observation point marker (1); S2: using an automatic total station (4) to regularly observe the observation point mark (1) and the calibration point mark (2) in real time, and analyzing the settlement information; S3: If it is detected that the position of the calibration point mark (2) remains unchanged and the observation point mark (1) has sunk, it is determined that the observation point mark (1) has sunk; If it is detected that the position of the calibration point mark (2) and the position of the observation point mark (1) are elevated and the elevation displacements of the two are the same, it is determined that settlement has occurred at the reference point observation platform (3); If it is detected that the calibration point mark (2) rises and the observation point mark (1) is displaced, and the displacement distance of the observation point mark (1) is less than the displacement distance of the calibration point mark (2), it is determined that the observation point mark (1) and the reference point observation platform (3) are simultaneously subsided; S4: When it is determined that the observation point mark (1) and the reference point observation platform (3) have both undergone settlement, if the measured elevation displacement of the observation point mark (1) is less than the elevation displacement of the calibration point mark (2), the observation point mark (1) is higher than the reference point observation platform (3); if the measured elevation displacement of the observation point mark (1) is zero, the observation point mark (1) and the reference point observation platform (3) are at the same height; if the measured settlement displacement of the observation point mark (1) occurs, the observation point mark (1) is lower than the reference point observation platform (3); S5: When settlement of the benchmark point is detected, abnormal prompts will be issued in time to facilitate timely repairs.

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