Pseudosciaena crocea compound feed and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a larimichthys crocea compound feed which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of 68 protein fish meal, 15-25 parts of 65 protein fish meal, 5-8 parts of 60 protein shrimp meal, 3-8 parts of corn protein, 3-8 parts of cottonseed protein, 3-10 parts of 46 protein soybean meal, 3-8 parts of fermented soybean meal, 3-4 parts of marine gourmet powder, 16-22 parts of a binder, 3-6 parts of a fat source, 0.05-0.1 part of vitamins and 1.5-2 parts of monocalcium phosphate. And 1 part of premix. The invention also provides a preparation method of the large yellow croaker compound feed. The pseudosciaena crocea compound feed provided by the invention can effectively reduce the feed coefficient and earthy smell of the pseudosciaena crocea, and also can effectively improve the meat flavor of the pseudosciaena crocea.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a feed, in particular to a large yellow croaker compound feed and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Yellow croaker is a fish of the family Sciaenidae in the order Perciformes. It is also known as yellow croaker, yellow croaker, cucumber fish, etc. Wild yellow croaker is popular among consumers for its tender and delicious meat, golden scales and beautiful body shape. Currently, most of the yellow croakers sold on the market are farmed yellow croakers, which are one of the largest farmed marine fish in my country. However, due to its high fat content, strong fishy smell and poor flavor, people's awareness of yellow croaker has been greatly reduced, which has also brought certain difficulties to its processing. In order to improve the flavor of farmed yellow croaker and its processed products, in addition to establishing a fenced breeding environment that simulates the wild breeding environment, it is also particularly important to have a compound feed that meets the needs of fenced breeding of yellow croaker. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a compound feed for large yellow croaker, which can effectively reduce the feed coefficient and earthy smell of large yellow croaker and can also effectively improve the meat flavor of large yellow croaker.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0005] A large yellow croaker compound feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of 68 protein fish meal, 15-25 parts of 65 protein fish meal, 5-8 parts of 60 protein shrimp meal, 3-8 parts of corn protein, 3-8 parts of cottonseed protein, 3-10 parts of 46 protein soybean meal, 3-8 parts of fermented soybean meal, 3-4 parts of seafood, 16-22 parts of binder, 3-6 parts of fat source, 0.05-0.1 parts of vitamins, 1.5-2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate and 1 part of premix.

[0006] Furthermore, the binder of the present invention is high-gluten flour.

[0007] Furthermore, the fat source of the present invention is fish oil.

[0008] Furthermore, the vitamin described in the present invention is VC.

[0009] Furthermore, the premix of the present invention is a premix for marine fish.

[0010] Furthermore, the 68 protein fish meal, 65 protein fish meal, 60 protein shrimp meal, fish oil and seafood extract of the present invention are all purchased from Zhejiang Fengyu Marine Biological Products Co., Ltd. Among them, seafood extract is a composite functional raw material obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of seaweed, squid protein and fish protein by biological enzymatic hydrolysis technology, then purifying protein peptides by membrane separation technology, then mixing and compounding in a ratio of 4:3:3, and then drying by low-temperature drying technology.

[0011] Furthermore, the corn protein, cottonseed protein, 46 protein soybean meal, fermented soybean meal, high-gluten flour, VC, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and premix for marine fish described in the present invention are all purchased from Zhejiang Hanbei Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The premix consists of the following components in weight percentage: mineral premix 10%, vitamin premix 15%, magnesium sulfate 9%, composite antioxidant 0.5%, mildew inhibitor 2%, choline chloride 40%, zeolite powder 23.5%; the mineral premix consists of the following components (mg / kg feed): zeolite powder, 362; FeSO4·H2O, 300; ZnSO4·H2O, 200; NaCl, 100; MnSO4·H2O, 25; CoCl2·6H2O (10% Co) , 5; Na2SeO3 (10% Se), 5; Potassium iodide (2.9%), 3; Vitamin premix consists of the following components (mg / kg feed): VC phosphate (35%), 600; VE acetate (50%), 300; Inositol, 150; Nicotinamide, 80; Vitamin A, 20; Vitamin B1, 10; Vitamin B2, 15; Vitamin B6, 15; Vitamin B12, 8; Calcium pantothenate, 40; Folic acid, 10; Biotin, 2; Vitamin D3, 10; Substituted powder, 220.

[0012] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned large yellow croaker compound feed.

[0013] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution is:

[0014] A method for preparing a large yellow croaker compound feed comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1. Weigh each raw material in parts by weight, crush each raw material and sieve to obtain a powder raw material, and stir the powder raw material to obtain a mixture;

[0016] S2. placing the mixed material obtained in step S1 in a twin-screw extruder for extrusion treatment to obtain an extruded material, and transferring the extruded material into a dryer for drying to obtain a compound feed for large yellow croaker.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S1 of the present invention, the stirring speed is 80-120 rpm, and the stirring time is 20-30 min.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S2 of the present invention, the temperature of the puffing treatment is 90-100° C., and the puffing coefficient is 1.8-2.0; the temperature of the drying is 70-80° C., and the drying time is 20-30 min.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The seafood extract used in the present invention contains multiple active substances and nutrients, has a strong food attractant effect, can promote the utilization of feed by large yellow croaker, reduce the feed coefficient and breeding cost, can also improve the metabolic capacity of the fish body, thereby improving the immunity and antioxidant capacity of the large yellow croaker, can also promote the growth of the large yellow croaker, thereby improving the survival rate of the large yellow croaker, and in addition, can also promote the metabolism of earthy smell substances in the large yellow croaker and improve the meat quality, thereby improving the flavor of the large yellow croaker. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] The large yellow croaker compound feed is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 21 parts of 68 protein fish meal, 20 parts of 65 protein fish meal, 5 parts of 60 protein shrimp meal, 6 parts of corn protein, 5.75 parts of cottonseed protein, 3 parts of 46 protein soybean meal, 8 parts of fermented soybean meal, 3 parts of seafood, 19 parts of high-gluten flour, 4.8 parts of fish oil, 0.05 parts of VC, 1.5 parts of monocalcium phosphate, and 1 part of premix for marine fish.

[0024] 68 protein fish meal, 65 protein fish meal, 60 protein shrimp meal, fish oil and seafood extract were all purchased from Zhejiang Fengyu Marine Biological Products Co., Ltd. Among them, seafood extract is a composite functional raw material obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of seaweed, squid protein and fish protein by biological enzymatic technology, then purifying protein peptides by membrane separation technology, then mixing and compounding in a ratio of 4:3:3, and then drying by low-temperature drying technology.

[0025] Corn protein, cottonseed protein, 46 protein soybean meal, fermented soybean meal, high-gluten flour, VC, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and premix for marine fish were all purchased from Zhejiang Hanbei Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The premix consists of the following components in weight percentage: mineral premix 10%, vitamin premix 15%, magnesium sulfate 9%, composite antioxidant 0.5%, mildew inhibitor 2%, choline chloride 40%, zeolite powder 23.5%; the mineral premix consists of the following components (mg / kg feed): zeolite powder, 362; FeSO4·H2O, 300; ZnSO4·H2O, 200; NaCl, 100; MnSO4·H2O, 25; CoCl2·6H2O (10% Co) , 5; Na2SeO3 (10% Se), 5; Potassium iodide (2.9%), 3; Vitamin premix consists of the following components (mg / kg feed): VC phosphate (35%), 600; VE acetate (50%), 300; Inositol, 150; Nicotinamide, 80; Vitamin A, 20; Vitamin B1, 10; Vitamin B2, 15; Vitamin B6, 15; Vitamin B12, 8; Calcium pantothenate, 40; Folic acid, 10; Biotin, 2; Vitamin D3, 10; Substituted powder, 220.

[0026] The preparation method of Example 1 comprises the following steps:

[0027] S1. Weigh each raw material in parts by weight, crush each raw material and sieve to obtain a powder raw material, stir the powder raw material at a speed of 100 rpm for 25 min to obtain a mixture;

[0028] S2. The mixed material obtained in step S1 is placed in a twin-screw extruder for extrusion treatment to obtain an extruded material. The extrusion treatment temperature is 95° C. and the extrusion coefficient is 1.9. The extruded material is transferred to a dryer and dried at 75° C. for 25 minutes to obtain a large yellow croaker compound feed.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] The large yellow croaker compound feed is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of 68 protein fish meal, 25 parts of 65 protein fish meal, 7 parts of 60 protein shrimp meal, 5 parts of corn protein, 8 parts of cottonseed protein, 7 parts of 46 protein soybean meal, 5 parts of fermented soybean meal, 3.5 parts of seafood, 20 parts of high-gluten flour, 5 parts of fish oil, 0.1 parts of VC, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, and 1 part of premix for marine fish.

[0031] 68 protein fish meal, 65 protein fish meal, 60 protein shrimp meal, fish oil and seafood extract were all purchased from Zhejiang Fengyu Marine Biological Products Co., Ltd. Among them, seafood extract is a composite functional raw material obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of seaweed, squid protein and fish protein by biological enzymatic technology, then purifying protein peptides by membrane separation technology, then mixing and compounding in a ratio of 4:3:3, and then drying by low-temperature drying technology.

[0032] Corn protein, cottonseed protein, 46 protein soybean meal, fermented soybean meal, high-gluten flour, VC, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and premix for marine fish were all purchased from Zhejiang Hanbei Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The premix consists of the following components in weight percentage: mineral premix 10%, vitamin premix 15%, magnesium sulfate 9%, composite antioxidant 0.5%, mildew inhibitor 2%, choline chloride 40%, zeolite powder 23.5%; the mineral premix consists of the following components (mg / kg feed): zeolite powder, 362; FeSO4·H2O, 300; ZnSO4·H2O, 200; NaCl, 100; MnSO4·H2O, 25; CoCl2·6H2O (10% Co) , 5; Na2SeO3 (10% Se), 5; Potassium iodide (2.9%), 3; Vitamin premix consists of the following components (mg / kg feed): VC phosphate (35%), 600; VE acetate (50%), 300; Inositol, 150; Nicotinamide, 80; Vitamin A, 20; Vitamin B1, 10; Vitamin B2, 15; Vitamin B6, 15; Vitamin B12, 8; Calcium pantothenate, 40; Folic acid, 10; Biotin, 2; Vitamin D3, 10; Substituted powder, 220.

[0033] The preparation method of Example 2 comprises the following steps:

[0034] S1. Weigh each raw material in parts by weight, crush each raw material and sieve to obtain a powdered raw material, and stir the powdered raw material at a speed of 80 rpm for 30 min to obtain a mixture;

[0035] S2. Place the mixed material obtained in step S1 in a twin-screw extruder for extrusion treatment to obtain an extruded material. The extrusion treatment temperature is 90° C. and the extrusion coefficient is 2. Transfer the extruded material to a dryer and dry it at 70° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a large yellow croaker compound feed.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] The large yellow croaker compound feed is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of 68 protein fish meal, 24 parts of 65 protein fish meal, 8 parts of 60 protein shrimp meal, 3 parts of corn protein, 6 parts of cottonseed protein, 5 parts of 46 protein soybean meal, 6 parts of fermented soybean meal, 4 parts of seafood, 22 parts of high-gluten flour, 3 parts of fish oil, 0.08 parts of VC, 1.8 parts of monocalcium phosphate, and 1 part of premix for marine fish.

[0038] 68 protein fish meal, 65 protein fish meal, 60 protein shrimp meal, fish oil and seafood extract were all purchased from Zhejiang Fengyu Marine Biological Products Co., Ltd. Among them, seafood extract is a composite functional raw material obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of seaweed, squid protein and fish protein by biological enzymatic technology, then purifying protein peptides by membrane separation technology, then mixing and compounding in a ratio of 4:3:3, and then drying by low-temperature drying technology.

[0039] Corn protein, cottonseed protein, 46 protein soybean meal, fermented soybean meal, high-gluten flour, VC, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and premix for marine fish were all purchased from Zhejiang Hanbei Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The premix consists of the following components in weight percentage: mineral premix 10%, vitamin premix 15%, magnesium sulfate 9%, composite antioxidant 0.5%, mildew inhibitor 2%, choline chloride 40%, zeolite powder 23.5%; the mineral premix consists of the following components (mg / kg feed): zeolite powder, 362; FeSO4·H2O, 300; ZnSO4·H2O, 200; NaCl, 100; MnSO4·H2O, 25; CoCl2·6H2O (10% Co) , 5; Na2SeO3 (10% Se), 5; Potassium iodide (2.9%), 3; Vitamin premix consists of the following components (mg / kg feed): VC phosphate (35%), 600; VE acetate (50%), 300; Inositol, 150; Nicotinamide, 80; Vitamin A, 20; Vitamin B1, 10; Vitamin B2, 15; Vitamin B6, 15; Vitamin B12, 8; Calcium pantothenate, 40; Folic acid, 10; Biotin, 2; Vitamin D3, 10; Substituted powder, 220.

[0040] The preparation method of Example 3 comprises the following steps:

[0041] S1. Weigh each raw material in parts by weight, crush each raw material and sieve to obtain a powder raw material, stir the powder raw material at 90rpm for 20min to obtain a mixture;

[0042] S2. Place the mixed material obtained in step S1 in a twin-screw extruder for extrusion treatment to obtain an extruded material. The extrusion treatment temperature is 95° C. and the extrusion coefficient is 2. Transfer the extruded material to a dryer and dry it at 75° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a large yellow croaker compound feed.

[0043] Example 4

[0044] The large yellow croaker compound feed is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of 68 protein fish meal, 18 parts of 65 protein fish meal, 6 parts of 60 protein shrimp meal, 8 parts of corn protein, 3 parts of cottonseed protein, 10 parts of 46 protein soybean meal, 3 parts of fermented soybean meal, 3.8 parts of seafood, 16 parts of high-gluten flour, 6 parts of fish oil, 0.06 parts of VC, 1.7 parts of monocalcium phosphate, and 1 part of premix for marine fish.

[0045] 68 protein fish meal, 65 protein fish meal, 60 protein shrimp meal, fish oil and seafood extract were all purchased from Zhejiang Fengyu Marine Biological Products Co., Ltd. Among them, seafood extract is a composite functional raw material obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of seaweed, squid protein and fish protein by biological enzymatic technology, then purifying protein peptides by membrane separation technology, then mixing and compounding in a ratio of 4:3:3, and then drying by low-temperature drying technology.

[0046] Corn protein, cottonseed protein, 46 protein soybean meal, fermented soybean meal, high-gluten flour, VC, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and premix for marine fish were all purchased from Zhejiang Hanbei Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The premix consists of the following components in weight percentage: mineral premix 10%, vitamin premix 15%, magnesium sulfate 9%, composite antioxidant 0.5%, mildew inhibitor 2%, choline chloride 40%, zeolite powder 23.5%; the mineral premix consists of the following components (mg / kg feed): zeolite powder, 362; FeSO4·H2O, 300; ZnSO4·H2O, 200; NaCl, 100; MnSO4·H2O, 25; CoCl2·6H2O (10% Co) , 5; Na2SeO3 (10% Se), 5; Potassium iodide (2.9%), 3; Vitamin premix consists of the following components (mg / kg feed): VC phosphate (35%), 600; VE acetate (50%), 300; Inositol, 150; Nicotinamide, 80; Vitamin A, 20; Vitamin B1, 10; Vitamin B2, 15; Vitamin B6, 15; Vitamin B12, 8; Calcium pantothenate, 40; Folic acid, 10; Biotin, 2; Vitamin D3, 10; Substituted powder, 220.

[0047] The preparation method of Example 4 comprises the following steps:

[0048] S1. Weigh each raw material in parts by weight, crush each raw material and sieve to obtain a powder raw material, stir the powder raw material at a speed of 120rpm for 20min to obtain a mixture;

[0049] S2. The mixed material obtained in step S1 is placed in a twin-screw extruder for extrusion treatment to obtain an extruded material. The extrusion treatment temperature is 100° C. and the extrusion coefficient is 1.8. The extruded material is transferred to a dryer and dried at 80° C. for 20 min to obtain a large yellow croaker compound feed.

[0050] Comparative Example

[0051] The difference between the comparative example and embodiment 1 is that the raw materials do not include seafood extract.

[0052] Test example 1:

[0053] The experiment used two cages used in the production process of farmers, one of which was used to culture small-sized fish species and the other was used to culture medium-sized fish species. The control group feed (comparative example) and the test group feed (Example 1) were fed to each size of fish species, and the feed was fed at a fixed time and place every day. The fish were cultured to adult fish and began to be harvested. The final fish weight gain was counted to calculate the feed coefficient and growth. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0054] Table 1

[0055]

[0056] As can be seen from Table 1, the feed coefficient of the small fish test group decreased by about 10.05% relative to that of the small fish control group, and the feed cost of the catty fish decreased by about 9.97%; the feed coefficient of the medium fish test group decreased by about 5.50% relative to that of the medium fish control group, and the feed cost of the catty fish decreased by about 5.36%, indicating that the marine flavor used in the present invention can improve the utilization efficiency of feed by large yellow croaker, reduce the feed coefficient and breeding cost.

[0057] Test Example 2:

[0058] 30 sensory evaluation personnel were randomly selected to evaluate the earthy smell of the tested fish meat. 10 fish were selected from the medium fish control group and the medium fish test group in Test Example 1, and the fish were steamed (without using onion, ginger, cooking wine and other deodorizing spices) and then evaluated by the sensory evaluation personnel. The mouth was rinsed with water before the evaluation. The score was divided into 5 levels according to the intensity of the earthy smell, where 0 points indicated no perceptible earthy smell, 1 point indicated just perceptible earthy smell, 2 points indicated obvious earthy smell, 3 points indicated strong earthy smell, 4 points indicated strong earthy smell, and finally the average value was taken to obtain the average score of earthy smell. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0059] Table 2

[0060] Average score for earthy smell Fish test group 0.47 Chinese fish control group 2.63

[0061] As can be seen from Table 2, the average score of earthy smell of the medium-sized fish test group decreased by about 82.13% compared with that of the medium-sized fish control group, indicating that the marine flavor enhancer used in the present invention can effectively reduce the earthy smell of large yellow croaker.

[0062] Test Example 3:

[0063] 30 sensory evaluators were randomly selected to evaluate the meat quality of the tested fish meat. 10 fish were selected from the medium fish control group and the medium fish test group in Test Example 1, and they were steamed (without using onion, ginger, cooking wine and other deodorizing spices) and then evaluated by the sensory evaluators. They were required to rinse their mouths with water before evaluation. The score was divided into 5 levels, among which 0 points indicated depression upon pressing and loose tissue, 1 point indicated no elasticity, loose tissue, and local looseness, 2 points indicated slightly poor elasticity, loose and loose tissue, 3 points indicated general elasticity, tight tissue, and clear texture, and 4 points indicated good elasticity, tight and complete tissue, and clear texture. Finally, the average value was taken to obtain the average meat quality score. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0064] Table 3

[0065] Average meat quality Fish test group 3.83 Chinese fish control group 3.17

[0066] As can be seen from Table 3, the average meat quality score of the medium-sized fish test group increased by about 17.23% compared with that of the medium-sized fish control group, indicating that the marine flavor extract used in the present invention can effectively improve the meat quality of large yellow croaker.

[0067] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compound feed for large yellow croaker, characterized in that: The invention is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of 68 protein fish meal, 15-25 parts of 65 protein fish meal, 5-8 parts of 60 protein shrimp meal, 3-8 parts of corn protein, 3-8 parts of cottonseed protein, 3-10 parts of 46 protein soybean meal, 3-8 parts of fermented soybean meal, 3-4 parts of seafood, 16-22 parts of binder, 3-6 parts of fat source, 0.05-0.1 parts of vitamins, 1.5-2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate and 1 part of premix.

2. A compound feed for large yellow croaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The binder is high-gluten flour.

3. A compound feed for large yellow croaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fat source is fish oil.

4. A compound feed for large yellow croaker according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vitamin is VC.

5. A compound feed for large yellow croaker according to claim 4, characterized in that: The premix is ​​a premix for marine fish.

6. A compound feed for large yellow croaker according to claim 5, characterized in that: The 68 protein fish meal, 65 protein fish meal, 60 protein shrimp meal, fish oil and seafood extract were all purchased from Zhejiang Fengyu Marine Biological Products Co., Ltd.

7. A compound feed for large yellow croaker according to claim 6, characterized in that: The corn protein, cottonseed protein, 46 protein soybean meal, fermented soybean meal, high-gluten flour, VC, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and premix for marine fish were all purchased from Zhejiang Hanbei Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

8. The method for preparing a compound feed for large yellow croaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Weigh each raw material in parts by weight, crush each raw material and sieve to obtain a powder raw material, and stir the powder raw material to obtain a mixture; S2. placing the mixed material obtained in step S1 in a twin-screw extruder for extrusion treatment to obtain an extruded material, and transferring the extruded material into a dryer for drying to obtain a compound feed for large yellow croaker.

9. The method for preparing a compound feed for large yellow croaker according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step S1, the stirring speed is 80-120 rpm, and the stirring time is 20-30 min.

10. The method for preparing a compound feed for large yellow croaker according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step S2, the puffing temperature is 90-100°C, the puffing coefficient is 1.8-2.0; the drying temperature is 70-80°C, and the drying time is 20-30 minutes.

Images