Cross-micro-grid power transaction method based on cross-chain of block chain

Abstract

The invention provides a cross-micro-grid power transaction method based on cross-chain of a block chain, and comprises a cross-micro-grid power transaction method based on a cross-chain technology of the block chain. Comprising the steps of transaction demand and quotation submission, cross-chain information synchronization and summarization, expected transaction set generation, transaction matching calculation, transaction result verification, smart contract transaction execution, reputation index adjustment and unmatched transaction processing. The micro-grids share power supply or demand and quotation information through the cross-chain technology, and the relay chain technology broadcasts information to ensure information synchronization. The micro-grids form an expected transaction set, and transaction matching is calculated and synchronized through a cross-chain technology. And after verification succeeds, the smart contract automatically executes a transaction and records a result, the reputation index is updated, and unmatched transactions can be transacted with the public power grid. According to the invention, the transaction efficiency and reliability can be improved, the reputation index is dynamically adjusted, a multi-dimensional evaluation system is adopted, and the fairness and environmental friendliness of the transaction are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of blockchain technology, and more specifically, to a cross-microgrid power trading method based on cross-chain blockchain. Background Art

[0002] In the modern electricity market, microgrids, as a distributed energy system, are valued for their flexibility and efficient use of renewable energy. Microgrids can achieve local power self-sufficiency, reduce dependence on the central power grid, and improve energy efficiency. However, the optimal allocation of power resources is limited due to the lack of effective information sharing and trading mechanisms among microgrids. Existing power trading systems often rely on centralized management agencies to coordinate power transactions, which not only increases transaction costs but also reduces the transparency and efficiency of transactions. In addition, centralized systems face problems such as data synchronization, trust building, and transaction security when dealing with cross-regional power transactions, which limit the development of the power market and the further use of renewable energy.

[0003] In the process of implementing the embodiments of the present invention, the inventors found that there are at least the following problems or defects in the prior art: the centralized power trading system is inefficient and has high transaction costs; there is a lack of a mechanism for direct transactions across microgrids, resulting in non-optimal allocation of power resources; transaction information is opaque, making it difficult to achieve fair competition; and there is a lack of an effective credit evaluation system, which makes it difficult for both parties to the transaction to assess the credit status of the other party, increasing transaction risks. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a cross-microgrid power trading method based on cross-chain blockchain, comprising:

[0005] Transaction demand and quotation submission: Each microgrid submits its power supply or demand and quotation information B MGi ={E net , P ric} n Through cross-chain technology, it is shared with other microgrid blockchains, where E net is the net value of electricity, positive values ​​represent supply, negative values ​​represent demand, P ric is the transaction price, n is the number of power demands and quotations included in the set;

[0006] Cross-chain information synchronization and aggregation: Through the relay chain cross-chain technology, all microgrid demand and quotation information B = {B MG1 , …, B MGN}, broadcast to each microgrid blockchain to ensure that all microgrids can obtain the latest market information;

[0007] Generate expected transaction set: Each microgrid forms its expected transaction set based on the received demand and quotation information And synchronize it again to all participating microgrids through cross-chain technology;

[0008] Transaction matching calculation: Each microgrid calculates the transaction matching based on the expected transaction set received And synchronize it again to all participating microgrids through cross-chain technology;

[0009] Transaction result verification: Each microgrid receives the matching result. Verify the results based on the consensus mechanism;

[0010] Smart contract executes the transaction: After the result is successfully verified, the smart contract automatically executes the transaction process, completes the transaction settlement, and records the transaction results in the distributed ledger;

[0011] Credit index adjustment: After a successful transaction, the credit index of each microgrid is dynamically updated according to the completion of the transaction;

[0012] Handling of unmatched transactions: If there are unmatched counterparties, these microgrids are allowed to trade with the public grid.

[0013] Furthermore, in the transaction demand and quotation submission step, the power supply or demand and quotation information includes the net power value and the transaction price. The positive value of the net power value represents supply, and the negative value represents demand.

[0014] Furthermore, in the cross-chain information synchronization and aggregation step, the relay chain cross-chain technology is used to aggregate and transmit transaction quotation information, realize data sharing and synchronization, and ensure that all microgrids can obtain the latest market information.

[0015] Furthermore, in the transaction matching calculation step, a dynamic adjustment priority bidirectional stable matching algorithm based on market supply and demand under a multi-dimensional index evaluation system is used to perform transaction matching calculation. The algorithm includes the following steps:

[0016] Initialization: Determine the first mover based on supply and demand, and the buyer and seller calculate the expected transaction list;

[0017] Initiate a matching request: The first party initiates a transaction request to the preferred counterparty according to its priority list;

[0018] Transaction matching: The counterparty decides whether to accept the request based on its own matching situation. If it accepts, it will be temporarily matched. If there is a temporary match and the new requester is better, the new requester will be accepted and the previous match will be cancelled. The cancelled matcher will be re-matched.

[0019] Adjustment and continued matching: The rejected first-hand party continues to make a transaction request to the next counterparty in its priority list until a stable match is reached or the first-hand party has no other counterparty to choose from.

[0020] Furthermore, in the step of initiating a matching request, the first-mover party dynamically adjusts in each round according to changes in market supply and demand. In a buyer's market, the buyer takes the first step, and in a seller's market, the seller takes the first step. The object that makes the matching request readjusts the priority order of the microgrid initiating the matching request according to the credibility index, and the microgrid with high credibility initiates the matching request first.

[0021] Furthermore, in the transaction matching step, the objects invited to match readjust the matching priority order of the available matching opponent microgrids according to the distance evaluation and the environmental evaluation, and the microgrids with short distance and good environment are given priority.

[0022] Furthermore, in the transaction result verification step, the cross-microgrid transaction consensus mechanism based on the reputation value under the multi-dimensional index evaluation system is used for verification. For the seller, when the buyer's bid is higher than or equal to its own price P sell ≤P buy , and the total credit value of the microgrid that agrees to this transaction exceeds the credit index of the microgrid that disagrees ∑(R agree )-∑(R disagree )>0 when the transaction is completed;

[0023] For buyers, when the seller's bid is lower than or equal to its own price P buy ≥P sell , and the total credit value of the microgrid that agrees to this transaction exceeds the credit index of the microgrid that disagrees ∑(R agree )-∑(R disagree )>0, and the distance index between microgrids and other factors are considered to calculate the distance and environment ranking price of the microgrids of the trading counterparts. DE=αD ij +(1-α)E i , α∈(0,1).

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes a price adjustment strategy, which adjusts the price of unmatched transactions and adopts a 3-K adjustment strategy, including three rounds of fixed value adjustment and K rounds of adjustment based on multi-dimensional evaluation index and supply and demand conditions. The adjustment coefficient changes adaptively according to the rounds, supply and demand conditions, and multi-dimensional influencing factors, and has a lower limit and an upper limit for the adjustment range, specifically:

[0025] In the first round, P sell，k =P sell，k-1 *(1-η),P buy，k =P buy，k-1 *(1+η), η is 0.03;

[0026] If no match is achieved in the first round, in the second round, P sell，k =P sell，k-1 *(1-η),Pbuy，k =P buy，k-1 *(1+η), η is 0.05;

[0027] In the third round, P sell，k =P sell，k-1 *(1-η),P buy，k =P buy，k-1 *(1+η), η is 0.09;

[0028] When K>3 rounds, P sell，k =P sell，k-1 *(1-η*f(S)*f(RDE)),P buy，k =P buy，k-1 *(1+η*f(S)*f(RDE)), where

[0029] S is an abbreviation, S stands for supply-demand ratio SDR, η=clip(η*f(R),η min , η max ).

[0030] Furthermore, the reputation index is dynamically adjusted according to the success of each round of transactions. The reputation value R = ω1*F + ω2*E + ω3*PR is calculated by the transaction success rate F, environmental contribution E, and quotation rationality PR, and an exponential decay mechanism R = R*e is introduced. -λt , where ω1, ω2, and ω3 are different proportion coefficients, and the transaction success rate Environmental Contribution Reasonableness of quotation λ is the attenuation coefficient and t is the time interval.

[0031] Furthermore, the method also includes a multi-dimensional evaluation index system, which comprehensively evaluates transactions by considering factors such as reputation value, environmental impact, distance between microgrids, transaction success rate, and quotation rationality, wherein the reputation value reflects the historical transaction quality of the microgrid, the environmental impact considers the dependence of the power source on renewable energy, the distance affects the transaction cost and efficiency, the transaction success rate reflects the success of past transactions, and the quotation rationality measures the closeness of the quotation to the market average price.

[0032] The above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects: the cross-microgrid power trading method based on blockchain cross-chain technology can improve the efficiency and transparency of power trading. Through cross-chain technology, each microgrid can share power supply or demand and quotation information, realize real-time synchronization and aggregation of information, and ensure that all participants can obtain the latest market information. This method can reduce dependence on centralized management agencies, reduce transaction costs, and improve the security and reliability of transactions. The automatic execution of smart contracts can further simplify the transaction process, ensure the smooth progress of transactions and the non-tamperability of results.

[0033] In addition, this method can effectively encourage honest transactions between microgrids, promote the use of renewable energy, and optimize the allocation of power resources by dynamically adjusting the reputation index and adopting a multidimensional evaluation index system. The dynamic update of the reputation index and the comprehensive consideration of the multidimensional evaluation system can not only enhance the fairness of transactions, but also improve environmental friendliness. This mechanism can encourage microgrids to improve the success rate of transactions and the rationality of quotations, while considering environmental impacts and the distance between microgrids, thereby promoting economic benefits while also taking into account social and environmental benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention will become readily understood by reading the detailed description below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, several embodiments of the present invention are shown in an exemplary and non-limiting manner, in which:

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a cross-microgrid power trading method based on cross-blockchain blockchain provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The principles and spirit of the present invention will be described below with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0037] Those skilled in the art know that the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as a system, device, apparatus, method or computer program product. Therefore, the present invention can be specifically implemented in the following forms, namely: complete hardware, complete software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software.

[0038] It should be noted that any number of elements in the drawings is for illustration rather than limitation, and any naming is only for distinction and does not have any limiting meaning.

[0039] Reference below Figure 1 , Figure 1 The flowchart of the cross-microgrid power trading method based on cross-blockchain provided by one embodiment of the present invention is as follows. Figure 1 As shown, a cross-microgrid power transaction method 100 based on cross-chain blockchain includes:

[0040] Step 101, transaction demand and quotation submission: each microgrid submits its power supply or demand and quotation information B MGi ={E net , P ric} n Through cross-chain technology, it is shared with other microgrid blockchains, where E net is the net value of electricity, positive values ​​represent supply, negative values ​​represent demand, P ric is the transaction price, n is the number of power demands and quotations included in the set;

[0041] Step 102, cross-chain information synchronization and aggregation: Use the relay chain cross-chain technology to synchronize all microgrid demand and quotation information B = {B MG1 , ..., B MGN}, broadcast to each microgrid blockchain to ensure that all microgrids can obtain the latest market information;

[0042] Step 103, generate an expected transaction set: each microgrid forms its expected transaction set based on the received demand and quotation information And synchronize it again to all participating microgrids through cross-chain technology;

[0043] Step 104, transaction matching calculation: each microgrid calculates the transaction matching according to the received expected transaction set And synchronize it again to all participating microgrids through cross-chain technology;

[0044] Step 105, transaction result verification: each microgrid receives the matching result Verify the results based on the consensus mechanism;

[0045] Step 106, smart contract executes the transaction: after the result is successfully verified, the smart contract automatically executes the transaction process, completes the transaction settlement, and records the transaction result in the distributed ledger;

[0046] Step 107, reputation index adjustment: after a successful transaction, the reputation index of each microgrid is dynamically updated according to the transaction completion status;

[0047] Step 108, processing of unmatched transactions: if there are unmatched transaction counterparties, these microgrids are allowed to trade with the public grid.

[0048] It should be noted that the method first involves the transaction demand and quotation submission steps, that is, each microgrid shares its power supply or demand and quotation information with the blockchain where other microgrids are located through cross-chain technology. Here, microgrid refers to a local power supply network that can achieve self-management and self-balancing, while cross-chain technology refers to the technology of information exchange and data sharing between different blockchains. Net power value is a key indicator for measuring power supply and demand, with positive values ​​representing supply and negative values ​​representing demand.

[0049] Specifically, the power supply or demand and quotation information includes the net value of power and the transaction price. The net value of power refers to the net output or net consumption of power by the microgrid within a certain period of time, while the transaction price is the price at which the microgrid is willing to trade power. In actual operation, the microgrid calculates the net value of power based on its own power production and consumption, and sets the transaction price based on market conditions. This information will be packaged into a transaction demand package and broadcast through the blockchain network to achieve transparency and sharing of information.

[0050] Preferably, in order to improve the efficiency and accuracy of transactions, the microgrid can use smart contracts to automatically verify the rationality of the net value of electricity and the transaction price when submitting transaction requirements. In addition, in order to adapt to market changes, the microgrid can set up a dynamic adjustment mechanism to automatically adjust the net value of electricity and the transaction price according to the real-time power supply and demand and market price fluctuations. This dynamic adjustment can not only improve the flexibility of transactions, but also reduce errors and costs of human operations.

[0051] In some embodiments, in the transaction demand and quotation submission step, the power supply or demand and quotation information includes the net power value and the transaction price. The positive value of the net power value represents supply, and the negative value represents demand.

[0052] It should be noted that in the transaction demand and quotation submission steps, this method particularly emphasizes the composition of power supply or demand and quotation information, including net power value and transaction price. Here, net power value refers to the difference between the power output and consumption of the microgrid within a specific period of time, and the transaction price refers to the price at which the microgrid is willing to sell or purchase power in monetary units. A positive net power value indicates that the microgrid has the ability to supply power, while a negative value indicates that there is a demand for power.

[0053] Specifically, the submission of power supply or demand and quotation information involves the net value of electricity calculated by the microgrid based on its own power production and consumption, as well as the transaction price determined based on market conditions and cost analysis. This information will be encoded into a standardized data format and verified and broadcasted through the blockchain network. In terms of parameter setting, the microgrid can set the calculation parameters of the net value of electricity based on its own historical data and forecasting model. At the same time, the transaction price can be dynamically adjusted based on the market price index, supply and demand relationship and cost analysis.

[0054] Preferably, in order to improve the accuracy of information and the efficiency of transactions, the microgrid can use advanced data analysis tools to predict the net value of electricity and use market analysis software to determine the optimal transaction price.

[0055] Furthermore, artificial intelligence algorithms can be introduced to automatically adjust quotes to respond to market changes and optimize trading strategies. Security mechanisms such as digital signatures and encryption technology can also be added during the information submission process to ensure the security and non-tamperability of information. These measures can further improve the reliability of transactions and the market competitiveness of microgrids.

[0056] In some embodiments, in the cross-chain information synchronization and aggregation step, the relay chain cross-chain technology is used to aggregate and transmit transaction quotation information, realize data sharing and synchronization, and ensure that all microgrids can obtain the latest market information.

[0057] It should be noted that the cross-chain information synchronization and aggregation steps in this method involve the use of relay chain cross-chain technology to aggregate and transmit transaction quotation information. Here, relay chain refers to a blockchain technology that acts as a bridge between different blockchain systems and is responsible for data transmission and synchronization. This process ensures that all microgrids can obtain the latest market information, thereby achieving data sharing and synchronization.

[0058] Specifically, in actual operation, the relay chain cross-chain technology will aggregate the demand and quotation information of each microgrid and then broadcast it to the blockchain network where each microgrid is located. This process involves the collection, verification, packaging and transmission of information. In terms of parameter setting, the relay chain will adjust the frequency of data synchronization and the size of data packets according to the capacity of the network and the frequency of transactions to ensure the efficiency and accuracy of information transmission. In addition, the relay chain also needs to set a series of security protocols and verification mechanisms to ensure the integrity and security of data during transmission.

[0059] Preferably, in order to further improve the efficiency and security of cross-chain information synchronization, multi-signature technology and distributed key management system can be used to enhance the security of the relay chain. At the same time, smart contracts can be introduced to automate the verification and synchronization process of information, reduce human errors and increase processing speed.

[0060] Furthermore, it is also possible to consider using sidechain technology as a supplement to the relay chain to process specific types of transactions, thereby dispersing the load of the main chain and improving the throughput and response speed of the entire system. These measures can ensure the efficient and stable execution of cross-chain information synchronization and aggregation steps.

[0061] In some embodiments, in the transaction matching calculation step, a dynamic adjustment priority bidirectional stable matching algorithm based on market supply and demand under a multi-dimensional index evaluation system is used to perform transaction matching calculation, and the algorithm includes the following steps:

[0062] Initialization: Determine the first mover based on supply and demand, and the buyer and seller calculate the expected transaction list;

[0063] Initiate a matching request: The first party initiates a transaction request to the preferred counterparty according to its priority list;

[0064] Transaction matching: The counterparty decides whether to accept the request based on its own matching situation. If it accepts, it will be temporarily matched. If there is a temporary match and the new requester is better, the new requester will be accepted and the previous match will be cancelled. The cancelled matcher will be re-matched.

[0065] Adjustment and continued matching: The rejected first-hand party continues to make a transaction request to the next counterparty in its priority list until a stable match is reached or the first-hand party has no other counterparty to choose from.

[0066] It should be noted that this method uses a two-way stable matching algorithm with dynamic adjustment of priorities based on market supply and demand under a multi-dimensional index evaluation system in the transaction matching calculation step. Here, the multi-dimensional index evaluation system refers to an evaluation system that comprehensively considers multiple factors (such as reputation, environmental impact, transaction success rate, etc.), while the two-way stable matching algorithm is an algorithm that ensures that both buyers and sellers can obtain the best match in the transaction. This method responds to changes in market supply and demand by dynamically adjusting priorities to achieve the best match for transactions.

[0067] Specifically, the dynamic priority adjustment bidirectional stable matching algorithm under the multi-dimensional index evaluation system includes the steps of initialization, initiating matching requests, transaction matching, adjustment and continued matching. In the initialization stage, the first party is determined according to the market supply and demand, that is, which party (buyer or seller) initiates the transaction request first according to the market situation. The buyer and seller calculate the expected transaction list based on their respective priority lists, which can be sorted based on factors such as price, reputation, and distance. In the stage of initiating matching requests, the first party will initiate a transaction request to the counterparty according to its priority list. In the transaction matching stage, the counterparty decides whether to accept the request based on its own matching situation. If accepted, it will be temporarily matched. If there is a temporary match and the new requester is better, the new requester will be accepted and the previous match will be cancelled. In the adjustment and continued matching stage, the rejected first party continues to make a transaction request to the next counterparty in its priority list until a stable match is reached or the first party has no optional counterparty.

[0068] Preferably, in order to improve the efficiency and adaptability of the algorithm, machine learning technology can be introduced to optimize the generation and adjustment process of the priority list. For example, the model can be trained through historical transaction data to predict which factors have a greater impact on transaction success, thereby dynamically adjusting the priority list.

[0069] Furthermore, it is possible to consider introducing a real-time market monitoring system so that when market supply and demand change rapidly, the parameters of the matching algorithm can be adjusted quickly to maintain the real-time and effectiveness of transactions. These optimization measures can further improve the accuracy and efficiency of transaction matching.

[0070] In some embodiments, in the step of initiating a matching request, the first-hand party dynamically adjusts each round according to changes in market supply and demand. In a buyer's market, the buyer takes the first hand, and in a seller's market, the seller takes the first hand. The object that makes the matching request readjusts the priority order of the microgrid initiating the matching request according to the credibility index, and the microgrid with high credibility initiates the matching request first.

[0071] It should be noted that in the step of initiating a matching request, this method particularly emphasizes the dynamic adjustment of the first-hand party according to the changes in market supply and demand in each round, as well as the role of the reputation index in adjusting the priority order of the microgrid's matching request. Here, the first-hand party refers to the party that first initiates the request in the transaction matching process, and the reputation index refers to the reputation score formed by the microgrid based on historical transaction behaviors and results. This score can reflect the reliability and credit level of the microgrid.

[0072] Specifically, the determination of the first mover is based on changes in market supply and demand conditions. In a buyer's market, the buyer takes the first move, and in a seller's market, the seller takes the first move. The reputation index of the microgrid will be calculated and updated based on factors such as its historical transaction success rate and the rationality of the quotation. In actual operation, microgrids with high reputation indexes will be given the right to initiate matching requests first, which can motivate microgrids to maintain good trading behavior and improve the efficiency and trust of the entire system. The specific parameter settings of the reputation index may include transaction success rate, quotation rationality, etc. These parameters can be adjusted based on actual transaction data and market feedback.

[0073] Preferably, in order to further improve the efficiency and fairness of matching requests, a dynamic adjustment mechanism can be introduced, which not only considers the reputation index, but also combines the real-time power supply and demand conditions and price fluctuations. For example, an algorithm can be set to dynamically adjust the weight of the reputation index according to the current market supply and demand ratio and price trend, so that the reputation index can more flexibly reflect the market conditions.

[0074] Furthermore, it is also possible to consider introducing a third-party reputation assessment agency to objectively and impartially assess the reputation index of the microgrid to increase the transparency and credibility of the system. These measures can ensure that the priority of matching requests is more reasonable, while also improving the stability and efficiency of the entire power trading system.

[0075] In some embodiments, in the transaction matching step, the object invited to match readjusts the matching priority order of the available matching opponent microgrids based on the distance evaluation and the environment evaluation, and microgrids that are close in distance and good for the environment are given priority.

[0076] It should be noted that in the transaction matching step, this method particularly emphasizes that the objects invited to match should readjust the matching priority order according to the distance evaluation and environmental evaluation. Here, distance evaluation refers to considering the physical distance between microgrids, while environmental evaluation refers to evaluating the impact of microgrids on the environment, such as the proportion of renewable energy use and carbon emission levels. These two factors jointly affect the priority of microgrids in selecting transaction partners.

[0077] Specifically, the invited matchmaker will adjust the priority order of its available matching opponent microgrids based on distance and environmental evaluation. Distance evaluation can be achieved by calculating the straight-line distance or actual transmission distance between two microgrids, while environmental evaluation can be determined by evaluating the type of energy used by the microgrid (such as wind energy, solar energy, etc.) and the environmental impact of energy consumption. In actual operation, microgrids with short distances and small environmental impacts will be given higher priority to promote more efficient and environmentally friendly electricity transactions;

[0078] The electrical distance can be measured by the equivalent impedance of the power grid, such as line resistance and reactance:

[0079] D ij =R ij +X ij ;

[0080] Among them, R ij is the line resistance between microgrid i and microgrid j, X ij is the line reactance between microgrid i and microgrid j;

[0081] In order to unify the evaluation dimension, the above distance can be standardized:

[0082]

[0083] Among them, D max and D min are the maximum and minimum distances between all microgrids, and the range of values ​​after standardization is [0, 1], D ij A larger value indicates a closer distance between microgrids, and a smaller value indicates a farther distance.

[0084] Preferably, in order to conduct distance and environmental evaluation more accurately, a geographic information system (GIS) can be introduced to obtain the precise location data of the microgrid, and an environmental impact assessment tool can be used to quantify the environmental footprint of each microgrid. In addition, a comprehensive scoring system can be set up to convert the distance and environmental evaluation into specific values ​​for comparison and ranking in the matching process. For example, an upper score limit can be set for the distance evaluation, and different weights can be given to the environmental evaluation based on the proportion of renewable energy use and carbon emissions. Such refinement can make the matching process more scientific and reasonable, and also encourage microgrids to adopt more environmentally friendly energy management measures.

[0085] In some embodiments, in the transaction result verification step, a cross-microgrid transaction consensus mechanism based on reputation value under a multi-dimensional index evaluation system is used for verification. For the seller, when the buyer's bid is higher than or equal to its own price P sell ≤P buy , and the total credit value of the microgrid that agrees to this transaction exceeds the credit index of the microgrid that disagrees ∑(R agree )-∑(R disagree )>0 when the transaction is completed;

[0086] For buyers, when the seller's bid is lower than or equal to its own price P buy ≥P sell , and the total credit value of the microgrid that agrees to this transaction exceeds the credit index of the microgrid that disagrees ∑(R agree )-∑(R disagree)>0, and the distance index between microgrids and other factors are considered to calculate the distance and environment ranking price of the microgrids of the trading counterparts. DE=αD ij +(1-α)E i , α∈(0,1).

[0087] It should be noted that in the transaction result verification step, this method adopts a cross-microgrid transaction consensus mechanism based on reputation value. Here, the consensus mechanism refers to the process in which each node in the blockchain network reaches a consensus on a transaction result, and the reputation value refers to the trust measurement accumulated by the microgrid in historical transactions, which reflects the reliability and credit level of the microgrid.

[0088] Specifically, the verification process involves evaluating the reputation of sellers and buyers to determine whether the transaction is completed. For sellers, when the buyer's bid is higher than or equal to its own price, and the total reputation of the microgrids that agree to the transaction exceeds the reputation index of the microgrids that disagree, the transaction is completed. For buyers, when the seller's bid is lower than or equal to its own price, and the total reputation of the microgrids that agree to the transaction exceeds the reputation index of the microgrids that disagree, the transaction is completed. At the same time, factors such as the distance index between microgrids are also considered to calculate the distance and environment-based ranking prices of the tradable counterpart microgrids.

[0089] Preferably, in order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of transaction verification, a smart contract can be introduced to automatically perform the calculation and verification process of the reputation value. The smart contract can automatically verify the reputation value of both parties to the transaction according to the preset rules, and decide whether to execute the transaction based on the verification results.

[0090] Furthermore, a dynamic adjustment mechanism can be set up to regularly update the calculation formula of the reputation value based on market feedback and historical transaction data to adapt to market changes. It is also possible to consider introducing a third-party reputation assessment agency to objectively evaluate the reputation value of the microgrid to increase the transparency and credibility of the system. These measures can ensure the fairness of the transaction verification process and the security of the transaction.

[0091] In some embodiments, a price adjustment strategy is also included. For unmatched transactions, the price is adjusted using a 3-K adjustment strategy, including three rounds of fixed value adjustment and K rounds of adjustment based on multi-dimensional evaluation indexes and supply and demand conditions. The adjustment coefficient changes adaptively according to the rounds, supply and demand conditions, and multi-dimensional influencing factors, and a lower limit and an upper limit of the adjustment range are set, specifically:

[0092] In the first round, P sell，k =P sell，k-1 *(1-η),P buy，k =P buy，k-1 *(1+η), η is 0.03;

[0093] If no match is achieved in the first round, in the second round, P sell，k =P sell，k-1 *(1-η),P buy，k =P buy，k-1 *(1+η), η is 0.05;

[0094] In the third round, P sell，k =P sell，k-1 *(1-η),P buy，k =P buy，k-1 *(1+η), η is 0.09;

[0095] When K>3 rounds, P sell，k =P sell，k-1 *(1-η*f(S)*f(RDE)),P buy，k =P buy，k-1 *(1+η*f(S)*f(RDE)), where

[0096] S is an abbreviation, S stands for supply-demand ratio SDR, η=clip(η*f(R),η min , η max ).

[0097] It should be noted that this method includes a price adjustment strategy, especially for unmatched transactions, the price adjustment adopts the 3-K adjustment strategy. Here, the 3-K adjustment strategy refers to a strategy that includes three rounds of fixed value adjustments and K rounds of adjustments based on multi-dimensional evaluation indexes and supply and demand conditions. This strategy optimizes the transaction price through adaptive changes in the adjustment coefficient to promote the success of unmatched transactions.

[0098] Specifically, in the first round of the 3-K adjustment strategy, unmatched sellers will lower their bids, while buyers will increase their bids, with an adjustment coefficient of 3%. If no match is achieved in the first round, adjustments will continue in the second and third rounds, with the coefficients increasing to 5% and 9% respectively. After more than three rounds, the adjustment coefficient will change adaptively based on the supply and demand situation and the multidimensional evaluation index. The multidimensional evaluation index here may include factors such as reputation, environmental impact, and distance. The supply and demand situation can be determined by the ratio of supply to demand, and the specific calculation method of the adjustment coefficient can be set according to the actual situation.

[0099] Preferably, in order to make the price adjustment strategy more flexible and effective, a machine learning algorithm can be introduced to predict market trends and supply and demand changes, so as to dynamically adjust the adjustment coefficient. In addition, a feedback mechanism can be set up to optimize the subsequent adjustment strategy based on the market reaction after each round of adjustment. For example, if the market reaction shows that the price adjustment is too aggressive, the adjustment coefficient can be appropriately reduced; if the market reaction shows that the price adjustment is not enough, the adjustment coefficient can be appropriately increased. Such refinement can make the price adjustment strategy more accurate and improve the matching rate of unmatched transactions.

[0100] In some embodiments, the reputation index is dynamically adjusted according to the success of each round of transactions. The reputation value R = ω1*F + ω2*E + ω3*PR is calculated by the transaction success rate F, environmental contribution E, and quotation rationality PR, and an exponential decay mechanism R = R*e is introduced. -λt , where ω1, ω2, and ω3 are different proportion coefficients, and the transaction success rate Environmental Contribution Reasonableness of quotation λ is the attenuation coefficient and t is the time interval.

[0101] It should be noted that this method involves the dynamic adjustment of the reputation index, which is based on the success of each round of transactions. Here, the reputation index refers to the credit score of the microgrid in power transactions, which reflects the transaction history and behavior of the microgrid. The adjustment of the reputation index is calculated based on three factors: transaction success rate, environmental contribution, and quotation rationality.

[0102] Specifically, the calculation of the reputation index involves three main parameters: transaction success rate, environmental contribution, and quotation rationality. The transaction success rate refers to the ratio of the number of successful microgrid transactions to the total number of transaction attempts; the environmental contribution refers to the ratio of clean energy used by the microgrid to the total energy; the quotation rationality refers to the closeness of the microgrid quotation to the market average price. The specific settings of these parameters can be adjusted based on historical data and market feedback. For example, the transaction success rate can be set as the number of successful transactions divided by the total number of attempts, the environmental contribution can be based on the ratio of clean energy usage to total energy usage, and the quotation rationality can be determined by calculating the percentage deviation between the quotation and the market average price.

[0103] Preferably, in order to make the adjustment of the reputation index more accurate and real-time, an exponential decay mechanism can be introduced to consider the impact of time factors on the reputation index. This means that over time, the impact of past trading behavior on the reputation index will gradually decrease. The decay coefficient can be set according to market dynamics and transaction frequency.

[0104] Furthermore, external audit and verification mechanisms can be introduced to ensure that the calculation of the reputation index is fair and correct. For example, an independent third-party organization can regularly review the transaction data and environmental contributions of the microgrid to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the reputation index. Such refinement can improve the effectiveness of the dynamic adjustment mechanism of the reputation index and enhance the transparency and trust of the power trading market.

[0105] In some embodiments, the method also includes a multi-dimensional evaluation index system, which comprehensively evaluates transactions by taking into account factors such as reputation value, environmental impact, distance between microgrids, transaction success rate, and quotation rationality, wherein the reputation value reflects the historical transaction quality of the microgrid, the environmental impact considers the degree of dependence of the power source on renewable energy, the distance affects the transaction cost and efficiency, the transaction success rate reflects the success of past transactions, and the quotation rationality measures the closeness of the quotation to the market average price.

[0106] It should be noted that this method includes a multi-dimensional evaluation index system, which comprehensively considers factors such as reputation, environmental impact, distance between microgrids, transaction success rate and quotation rationality to comprehensively evaluate transactions. Here, the multi-dimensional evaluation index system refers to an evaluation system that measures the quality and efficiency of transactions through data from multiple dimensions.

[0107] Specifically, each factor in the multidimensional evaluation index system has its specific evaluation criteria and parameter settings. For example, the reputation value can be calculated through historical transaction data, the environmental impact can be evaluated based on the degree of reliance on renewable energy sources for electricity sources, the distance between microgrids can be determined based on geographic location data, the transaction success rate can be the ratio of the number of successful transactions to the total number of transaction attempts, and the rationality of the quotation can be the degree of closeness between the quotation and the market average price. The specific settings of these parameters can be adjusted according to the actual market conditions and historical data to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of the evaluation system.

[0108] Preferably, in order to make the multi-dimensional evaluation index system more accurate and adaptable to market changes, real-time data analysis and machine learning technology can be introduced to dynamically adjust the evaluation parameters. For example, big data analysis can be used to monitor market trends in real time and automatically adjust the weights of environmental impact and quotation rationality.

[0109] Furthermore, a feedback mechanism can be set up to optimize the evaluation index system according to the results of each transaction to make it more consistent with the actual transaction situation. Such refinement can improve the adaptability and accuracy of the evaluation system, thereby more effectively guiding the decision-making process of power trading.

[0110] The above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: The cross-microgrid power trading method based on blockchain cross-chain technology described in the present invention can optimize the allocation of power resources and the trading process. Through the submission of transaction requirements and quotations, synchronization and aggregation of cross-chain information, generation of expected transaction sets, transaction matching calculations, verification of transaction results, execution of smart contracts, adjustment of reputation indexes, and processing of unmatched transactions, the method can ensure the real-time and accuracy of power transactions while improving the transparency and efficiency of transactions. This method can also enhance the fairness and environmental friendliness of transactions and promote the use of renewable energy by dynamically updating the reputation index and adopting a multi-dimensional evaluation index system.

[0111] In addition, this method can more accurately respond to changes in market supply and demand and optimize the transaction matching process by using a dynamic adjustment priority bidirectional stable matching algorithm under a multi-dimensional index evaluation system for transaction matching calculations. The dynamic adjustment mechanism of price adjustment strategy and reputation index can further promote the success rate of transactions, reduce unmatched transactions, and improve the stability and predictability of the power market. This method also takes into account the distance and environmental impact between microgrids, making transactions more reasonable and sustainable, thereby improving economic benefits while protecting the environment, and achieving a win-win situation of economic and environmental benefits.

[0112] Furthermore, the storage medium of the embodiment of the present application stores program instructions that can implement all the above methods, wherein the program instructions can be stored in the above storage medium in the form of a software product, including several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, or terminal devices such as a computer, a server, a mobile phone, and a tablet.

[0113] The above descriptions are only some preferred embodiments of the present invention and an explanation of the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the technical solutions formed by a specific combination of the above technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the above inventive concept. For example, the above features are replaced with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention to form a technical solution.

Claims

1. A cross-microgrid power trading method based on cross-chain blockchain, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Transaction demand and quotation submission: Each microgrid submits its power supply or demand and quotation information B MGi ={E net ,P ric } n Through cross-chain technology, it is shared with other microgrid blockchains, where E net is the net value of electricity, positive values ​​represent supply, negative values ​​represent demand, P ric is the transaction price, n is the number of power demands and quotations included in the set; Cross-chain information synchronization and aggregation: Through the relay chain cross-chain technology, all microgrid demand and quotation information B = {B MG1 ,…,B MGN }, broadcast to each microgrid blockchain to ensure that all microgrids can obtain the latest market information; Generate expected transaction set: Each microgrid forms its expected transaction set based on the received demand and quotation information And synchronize it again to all participating microgrids through cross-chain technology; Transaction matching calculation: Each microgrid calculates the transaction matching based on the expected transaction set received And synchronize it again to all participating microgrids through cross-chain technology; Transaction result verification: Each microgrid receives the matching result. Verify the results based on the consensus mechanism; Smart contract executes the transaction: After the result is successfully verified, the smart contract automatically executes the transaction process, completes the transaction settlement, and records the transaction results in the distributed ledger; Credit index adjustment: After a successful transaction, the credit index of each microgrid is dynamically updated according to the completion of the transaction; Handling of unmatched transactions: If there are unmatched counterparties, these microgrids are allowed to trade with the public grid.

2. The cross-microgrid power trading method based on cross-chain blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the transaction demand and quotation submission step, the power supply or demand and quotation information includes the net power value and the transaction price. The positive net power value represents supply, and the negative value represents demand.

3. The cross-microgrid power trading method based on cross-chain blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the cross-chain information synchronization and aggregation steps, the relay chain cross-chain technology is used to aggregate and transmit transaction quotation information, realize data sharing and synchronization, and ensure that all microgrids can obtain the latest market information.

4. The cross-microgrid power trading method based on cross-chain blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the transaction matching calculation step, a dynamic adjustment priority bidirectional stable matching algorithm based on market supply and demand under a multi-dimensional index evaluation system is used to perform transaction matching calculation. The algorithm includes the following steps: Initialization: Determine the first mover based on supply and demand, and the buyer and seller calculate the expected transaction list; Initiate a matching request: The first party initiates a transaction request to the preferred counterparty according to its priority list; Transaction matching: The counterparty decides whether to accept the request based on its own matching situation. If it accepts, it will be temporarily matched. If there is a temporary match and the new requester is better, the new requester will be accepted and the previous match will be cancelled. The cancelled matcher will be re-matched. Adjustment and continued matching: The rejected first-hand party continues to make a transaction request to the next counterparty in its priority list until a stable match is reached or the first-hand party has no other counterparty to choose from.

5. The cross-microgrid power trading method based on cross-chain blockchain according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In the step of initiating a matching request, the first party makes dynamic adjustments in each round according to changes in market supply and demand. In a buyer's market, the buyer takes the first step, and in a seller's market, the seller takes the first step. The object that makes the matching request readjusts the priority order of the microgrid initiating the matching request according to the credit index. The microgrid with high credit will initiate the matching request first.

6. The cross-microgrid power trading method based on cross-chain blockchain according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In the transaction matching step, the party invited to match readjusts the matching priority order of the available matching opponent microgrids based on the distance evaluation and environmental evaluation, and microgrids with short distance and good environment are given priority.

7. The cross-microgrid power trading method based on cross-chain blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the transaction result verification step, the cross-microgrid transaction consensus mechanism based on the reputation value under the multi-dimensional index evaluation system is used for verification. For the seller, when the buyer's bid is higher than or equal to its own price P sell ≤P buy , and the total credit value of the microgrid that agrees to this transaction exceeds the credit index of the microgrid that disagrees ∑(R agree )-∑(R disagree )>0 when the transaction is completed; For buyers, when the seller's bid is lower than or equal to its own price P buy ≥P sell , and the total credit value of the microgrid that agrees to this transaction exceeds the credit index of the microgrid that disagrees ∑(R agree )-∑(R disagree )>0, and the distance index between microgrids and other factors are considered to calculate the distance and environment ranking price of the microgrids of the trading counterparts. DE=αD ij +(1-α)E i , α∈(0,1).

8. The cross-microgrid power trading method based on cross-chain blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a price adjustment strategy. For unmatched transactions, the price is adjusted using a 3-K adjustment strategy, including three rounds of fixed value adjustments and K rounds of adjustments based on multi-dimensional evaluation indexes and supply and demand conditions. The adjustment coefficient changes adaptively according to the rounds, supply and demand conditions, and multi-dimensional influencing factors, and has a lower limit and an upper limit for the adjustment range, specifically: In the first round, P sell,k =P sell,k-1* (1-η), P buy,k =P buy,k-1* (1+η), η is 0.03; If no match is achieved in the first round, in the second round, P sell,k =P sell,k-1* (1-η), P buy,k =P buy,k-1* (1+η), η is 0.05; In the third round, P sell,k =P sell,k-1* (1-η), P buy,k =P buy,k-1* (1+η), η is 0.09; When K>3 rounds, P sell,k =P sell,k-1* (1-η*f(S)*f(RDE)),P buy,k =P buy,k-1 *(1+η*f(S)*f(RDE)), where S is an abbreviation, S stands for supply-demand ratio SDR, η=clip(η*f(R),η min ,η max ).

9. The cross-microgrid power trading method based on cross-chain blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reputation index is dynamically adjusted according to the success of each round of transactions. The reputation value R = ω1*F + ω2*E + ω3*PR is calculated by the transaction success rate F, environmental contribution E, and quotation rationality PR, and an exponential decay mechanism R = R*e is introduced. -λt , where ω1, ω2, and ω3 are different proportion coefficients, and the transaction success rate Environmental Contribution Reasonableness of quotation λ is the attenuation coefficient and t is the time interval.

10. The cross-microgrid power trading method based on cross-chain blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method also includes a multi-dimensional evaluation index system, which comprehensively evaluates transactions by taking into account factors such as reputation value, environmental impact, distance between microgrids, transaction success rate, and quotation rationality. The reputation value reflects the historical transaction quality of the microgrid, the environmental impact considers the degree of dependence of the power source on renewable energy, the distance affects the transaction cost and efficiency, the transaction success rate reflects the success of past transactions, and the quotation rationality measures the closeness of the quotation to the market average price.

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