Sectional type separation hood

Abstract

The invention relates to a sectional type separation hood which comprises a base, a hood body, a protective cover, a fastener, a locking mechanism, an exploder and an annular energy-gathered cutting rope. The base, the head cover and the protective cover are all of shell structures and are coaxially mounted; the hood front section is of a conical structure, the hood middle section is of a cylindrical structure, the large-diameter end of the hood front section is connected with the hood middle section, and the hood middle section is arranged on the peripheral face of the base front section in a sleeving mode and fixedly connected with the base front section through a plurality of locking mechanisms; the shield is sleeved in the head cover, and the shield rear section is fixedly connected with the head cover middle section through a plurality of fasteners; the annular energy-gathered cutting rope is circumferentially fixed to the inner circumferential face of the tail end of the head cover front section and used for cutting off connection between the head cover front section and the head cover middle section, the locking mechanism loses efficacy under the separation counter-acting force, the shield and the head cover middle section and the head cover rear section move backwards relative to the base, and the inner circumferential face of the head cover rear section is fixedly connected with the outer circumferential face of the base middle section in a clamped mode and limited by the front end face of the base rear section. The occupied space and the mass are reduced to the maximum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft separation, and in particular relates to a segmented separation hood. Background Art

[0002] The aircraft is generally equipped with an optical window on the head. In order to meet the requirements of optical imaging, the outer contour of the optical window is generally a partial spherical structure or a combination of a partial spherical and conical structure. The above shapes usually have an adverse effect on the aerodynamics and heat protection of the aircraft. Therefore, it is necessary to install a protective cover on the outside of the optical window. According to the needs of the aircraft, the protective cover can be thrown away from the aircraft at a predetermined height, speed or time.

[0003] There are two main schemes for the existing shield ejection technology: First, a complex mechanism is used to move the position of the protective shield. The moving mechanism usually contains a power source (such as a drive motor, a high-pressure gas cylinder, an actuator, etc.), an unlocking mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a position sensing device, a stop mechanism, etc., but such a mechanism is large in size, complex in structure, heavy in mass, has many actuation steps, and slow in response speed. It may even require the aircraft to provide additional power supply or gas source for the protective shield, occupying the precious space, mass and electrical resources of the aircraft; second, a protective shield with its own separation engine is used to unlock and separate the protective shield from the aircraft under the power of its own separation engine, but such a protective shield needs to be installed with a separation engine inside. The separation engine is generally composed of an engine casing, a charge, a nozzle, an ignition device and a safety protection device. It has a complex structure and a large size, occupies the limited space and mass of the aircraft, and the separation engine is separated from the aircraft together with the protective shield. After the work of the charge is consumed, the remaining part of the separation engine is the dead weight of the mechanism, which increases the mass of the protective shield. In addition, it is necessary to set a flame exhaust window in the protective cover shell to ensure that the separation engine can exhaust flames through the nozzle and the window. To meet the flame exhaust requirements, the flame exhaust window set in the protective cover needs to be optimized in appearance and heat-resistant. The flame exhaust window of the protective cover is restricted by the aircraft, and it is also necessary to ensure that other important parts of the aircraft are not damaged or burned after the separation engine exhausts flames. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a segmented separation hood, which integrates all the structural elements required for separation and unlocking, has a simple structure and a small size, minimizes the space and mass occupied by the aircraft, and does not require a flame exhaust window.

[0005] The present invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a segmented separation hood, including a base, a hood, a protective cover, a fastener, a locking mechanism, a detonator, and an annular energy-gathering cutting rope; the base, the hood and the protective cover are all shell structures and are coaxially installed, the base and the protective cover are open at both ends, the front end of the hood is closed and the rear end is open; the base and the hood are divided into a front section, a middle section and a rear section, the front section of the hood is a conical structure, the middle section of the hood is a cylindrical structure, the large diameter end of the front section of the hood is connected to the middle section of the hood, the middle section of the hood is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the front section of the base, and is fixedly connected to the front section of the base through a plurality of locking mechanisms; the protective cover is divided into a front section and a rear section, the protective cover It is installed in the hood, the outer circumference of the front section of the hood is bonded to the inner circumference of the front section of the hood, and the rear section of the hood is fixedly connected to the middle section of the hood by a number of fasteners; the annular energy-focusing cutting rope is circumferentially fixed to the inner circumference of the end of the front section of the hood, and the detonator is fixed to the front section of the hood corresponding to the annular energy-focusing cutting rope and is used to detonate the annular energy-focusing cutting rope; the annular energy-focusing cutting rope is used to cut off the connection between the front section of the hood and the middle section of the hood, and the locking mechanism fails under the reaction force of the separation of the front section of the hood and the middle section of the hood, and the hood and the middle and rear sections of the hood move backward relative to the base, and the inner circumference of the rear section of the hood is fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the middle section of the base by snapping and limited by the front end surface of the rear section of the base.

[0006] Furthermore, the inner circumference of the rear section of the hood and the outer circumference of the middle section of the base are both rough conical surfaces, the small diameter end of the inner circumference of the rear section of the hood is connected to the inner circumference of the middle section of the hood, the small diameter end of the outer circumference of the middle section of the base is connected to the outer circumference of the front section of the base, the length L2 of the rear section of the hood is the same as the length L1 of the middle section of the base, and the cone half-angle of the outer circumference of the rear section of the hood is smaller than the cone half-angle of the outer circumference of the middle section of the base.

[0007] Furthermore, the distance between the rear end face of the shield and the front end face of the front section of the base is L3, the distance between the front end of the rear section of the hood and the front end of the middle section of the base is L4, and L3 is greater than L4; the distance between the end of the rear section of the hood and the front end of the rear section of the base is L5, and L5 is greater than L4. A connecting section with a length of L5-L4 is provided at the connection between the middle section of the base and the rear section of the base. The connecting section is a cylindrical structure, and the large diameter end of the middle section of the base is connected to the connecting section. The outer diameter of the connecting section is the same as the outer diameter of the large diameter end of the middle section of the base, and the outer diameter of the connecting section is smaller than the outer diameter of the rear section of the base.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the middle section of the hood is larger than the outer diameter of the front section of the base, and the middle section of the hood and the front section of the base are gap-matched; a number of small countersunk holes are evenly distributed circumferentially through the middle section of the hood, and the front section of the base is provided with a number of small threaded holes that match the small countersunk holes; the locking mechanism is a locking nail, and the locking nail is composed of a conical section and a three-section stepped shaft, the small diameter end of the conical section is connected to the first section of the stepped shaft, and the second section of the stepped shaft has the smallest diameter; the conical section and the first section of the stepped shaft are matched with the small countersunk holes, and the third section of the stepped shaft is fixed with the small threaded holes; the intersection area of ​​the gap between the middle section of the hood and the front section of the base and the locking nail is located in the second section of the stepped shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the middle section of the hood is larger than the outer diameter of the rear section of the shield, and the middle section of the hood and the rear section of the shield are clearance-matched; a number of large countersunk holes are evenly distributed circumferentially through the middle section of the hood, and the rear section of the shield is provided with a number of large threaded holes that match the large countersunk holes; the fasteners are screws that match the large threaded holes, and a number of screws pass through the large countersunk holes and are threadedly matched with the large threaded holes to be fixed.

[0010] Furthermore, an annular opening groove is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the end of the front section of the hood, and the annular energy-focusing cutting rope is fixed in the annular opening groove. The jet direction of the annular energy-focusing cutting rope is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the annular opening groove and faces outward; a through hole is provided on the front section of the shield, and the detonator is fixed in the through hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the through hole is a stepped hole, the hole near the outer circumference of the front section of the shield is a threaded hole, and the hole near the inner circumference of the front section of the shield is a light hole, and the diameter of the light hole is larger than the diameter of the threaded hole; the detonator is a stepped cylindrical structure, and the front section of the cylinder of the detonator is provided with an external thread that is fixedly connected with the threaded hole of the stepped hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the base, the shield, the screws and the locking pins are all made of metal materials, and the head cover is made of metal material or non-metal material.

[0013] Furthermore, the base, the shield and the locking pins are made of steel, the screws are made of high-strength alloy steel, and the head cover is made of one of steel, aluminum alloy or composite materials.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The present invention can complete separation and unlocking without the need for additional unlocking mechanisms, transmission mechanisms, position sensing devices, stop mechanisms, etc., which solves the problems of the prior art that the hood ejection solution has a complex structure, a large volume, and occupies limited space and mass of the aircraft. There is no need to set a flame exhaust window, thus completely avoiding the disadvantages brought by the flame exhaust window.

[0016] 2. The present invention respectively arranges rough conical surfaces on the rear section of the hood and the middle section of the base. The two conical surfaces have equal axial lengths and different cone half angles. When the rear section of the hood and the base move relatively close to each other, the two conical surfaces contact and deform to achieve locking of the two. The locking structure is simple and reliable.

[0017] 3. The bottom surface of the annular opening groove of the present invention is set as a conical surface, and the jet direction of the annular energy-focusing cutting rope is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the annular opening groove and outward, so as to maximize the effectiveness of the annular energy-focusing cutting rope, and utilize the metal jet of the cutting rope to remove the connection between the front section and the middle section of the hood. The gas expansion work and the kinetic energy transfer of the metal jet caused by the detonation of the cutting rope metal jet are utilized to realize the separation of the front section of the hood, thereby simplifying the system structure and reducing the quality and cost.

[0018] 4. The present invention strengthens the connection strength between the hood and the protective cover, and weakens the connection strength between the hood and the base. When the front end of the hood is separated, the reaction force is used to make the locking pins invalid. After separation, the protective cover and the hood are not separated, so that the rear structure of the hood (the middle section and the rear section of the hood) are close to and locked to the base.

[0019] 5. The present invention decomposes the separation problem of the hood as a whole and the base into two stages: separation of the front section of the hood and the middle section of the hood, and locking of the rear section of the hood and the base. The separated body (the front section of the hood) separated along the flight direction of the aircraft has a smaller volume, lighter weight, and a faster separation speed, and the separated body can more reliably leave the aircraft route.

[0020] 6. The base, shield and locking pins of the present invention are made of steel, the screws are made of high-strength alloy steel, and the head cover is made of steel, aluminum alloy or a composite material, which not only meets the requirement of overall light weight but also provides strong protection for the optical window. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is the front view of the segmented separated hood.

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of locking pin.

[0023] Among them, 1-base, 2-hood, 3-shield, 4-annular energy-forming cutting rope, 5-detonator, 6-screw, 7-locking nail, 101-outer surface of the front section of the base, 102-outer surface of the middle section of the base, 103-outer surface of the connecting section, 104-front end surface of the rear section of the base, 105-outer surface of the rear section of the base, 106-front end surface of the front section of the base, 107-inner surface of the base, 201-inner surface of the front section of the hood , 202 - inner circumference of the middle section of the hood, 203 - inner circumference of the rear section of the hood, 204 - bottom surface of the annular opening groove, 301 - outer circumference of the front section of the shield, 302 - outer circumference of the rear section of the shield, 303 - rear end face of the shield, 304 - front end face of the shield, 305 - inner circumference of the front section of the shield, 306 - inner circumference of the rear section of the shield, 701 - first section of the stepped shaft, 702 - second section of the stepped shaft, 703 - third section of the stepped shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0025] The present invention provides a segmented separation head cover, such as Figure 1As shown, the segmented separation hood includes a base 1, a hood 2, a shield 3, fasteners, a locking mechanism, a detonator 5 and an annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4; the base 1, the hood 2 and the shield 3 are all shell structures and are coaxially installed, the base 1 and the shield 3 are open at both ends, the hood 2 is closed at the front end and open at the rear end; the lengths appearing in the following text are all lengths along the axial direction.

[0026] The base 1 is divided into a front section, a middle section and a rear section from front to rear, and the inner diameters of the front section, the middle section and the rear section of the base are the same, that is, the inner peripheral surface 107 of the base is a circular surface; the outer peripheral surface 101 of the front section of the base and the outer peripheral surface 105 of the rear section of the base are circular surfaces. The front section of the base is used to be fixedly connected with the hood 2 before separation, the middle section of the base is used to be fixedly connected with the hood 2 after separation, and the rear section of the base is used to be fixedly connected with the aircraft.

[0027] The hood 2 is divided into a front section, a middle section and a rear section from front to back. The front section of the hood is a conical structure used to protect the optical window of the aircraft. The middle section of the hood is a cylindrical structure. The large diameter end of the front section of the hood is connected to the middle section of the hood. The maximum outer diameter of the front section of the hood is the same as the outer diameter of the middle section of the hood, that is, the outer peripheral surface of the front section of the hood and the inner peripheral surface 201 of the front section of the hood are both conical surfaces, and the large diameter ends of both are connected to the middle section of the hood; in this embodiment, the cone half angle of the inner peripheral surface 201 of the front section of the hood is greater than the cone half angle of the outer peripheral surface of the front section of the hood. Before separation, the middle section of the hood is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface 101 of the front section of the base and is fixedly connected to the front section of the base through N2 locking mechanisms; the rear section of the hood is used for the rear section of the hood to be clamped and fixedly connected to the middle section of the base after the front section of the hood is separated from the middle section of the hood.

[0028] The shield 3 is divided into a front section and a rear section from front to back. The shield 3 is integrally mounted and fixed in the hood 2. The shield front section is used to connect with the hood front section, and the shield rear section is a cylindrical structure used to connect with the hood middle section. In this embodiment, the outer circumferential surface 301 of the shield front section and the inner circumferential surface 305 of the shield front section can both be conical surfaces, and their cone half angles are the same as the cone half angles of the inner circumferential surface 201 of the hood front section. The large diameter end of the shield front section is connected to the shield middle section, and the maximum circular diameter of the outer circumferential surface 301 of the shield front section is consistent with the outer diameter of the shield rear section; the front end surface 304 of the shield can also be a conical surface, and its generatrix is ​​perpendicular to the generatrix of the outer circumferential surface 301 of the shield front section. The length of the front section of the shield is smaller than that of the front section of the hood, the outer peripheral surface 301 of the front section of the shield is close to the inner peripheral surface 201 of the front section of the hood, and the contact area between the two is bonded by a sealant; the length of the rear section of the shield is smaller than the length of the middle section of the hood, and the rear section of the shield is fixedly connected to the middle section of the hood by N1 fasteners (the outer peripheral surface 302 of the rear section of the shield is opposite to the inner peripheral surface 202 of the middle section of the hood). In this embodiment, the fasteners are evenly arranged along the circumference of the shield, and the distance between the rear end face 303 of the shield and the front end face 106 of the front section of the base is L3, that is, the shield and the fasteners are in front, and the base and the locking mechanism are in the back.

[0029] The annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4 is circumferentially fixed on the inner circumferential surface of the end of the front section of the hood, and the detonator 5 is fixed on the front section of the protective cover for detonating the annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4. The position of the detonator 5 corresponds to the position of the annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4; after the detonator 5 detonates the annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4, the metal jet of the annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4 cuts off the connection between the front section of the hood and the middle section of the hood, and the gas expansion work and the metal jet kinetic energy transfer caused by the jet detonation realize the separation of the front section of the hood and the middle section of the hood. Under the reaction force of the separation of the front section of the hood and the middle section of the hood, the locking mechanism fails, and the protective cover 3 and the middle and rear sections of the hood move backward relative to the base, and the inner circumferential surface 203 of the rear section of the hood is engaged and fixedly connected with the outer circumferential surface 102 of the middle section of the base. In this embodiment, L3 is greater than L4 to avoid the rear end face 303 of the protective cover from abutting against the front end face 106 of the front section of the base after engagement.

[0030] As an improvement, the inner circumferential surface 203 of the rear section of the hood and the outer circumferential surface 102 of the middle section of the base are both rough conical surfaces. The small diameter end of the inner circumferential surface 203 of the rear section of the hood is connected to the inner circumferential surface 202 of the middle section of the hood. The minimum inner diameter of the circle of the rear section of the hood is consistent with the inner diameter of the middle section of the hood. The outer circumferential surface of the rear section of the hood can be a circular surface; the small diameter end of the middle section of the base is connected to the front section of the base, the large diameter end of the middle section of the base is connected to the rear section of the base, the minimum diameter of the outer circumferential surface 102 of the middle section of the base is the same as the outer diameter of the front section of the base, the length L2 of the rear section of the hood is the same as the length L1 of the middle section of the base, and the cone half-angle B of the outer circumferential surface 203 of the rear section of the hood is smaller than the cone half-angle C of the outer circumferential surface 102 of the middle section of the base. When the front section of the hood is separated from the middle section of the hood, the reaction force is used to disable the locking mechanism. After the separation, the protective cover and the middle section of the hood are not separated, and the rear section of the hood approaches the base. When the conical surface of the rear section of the hood contacts and deforms with the corresponding conical surface of the middle section of the base, the two are locked.

[0031] As an improvement, a connecting section is further provided at the connection between the middle section of the base and the rear section of the base. The distance between the front end of the rear section of the hood and the front end of the middle section of the base is L4, the distance between the end of the rear section of the hood and the front end of the rear section of the base is L5, L5 is greater than L4, and the length L2 of the rear section of the hood is the same as the length L1 of the middle section of the base, L5>L4, L1=L2, that is, the length of the connecting section provided at the connection between the middle section of the base and the rear section of the base is L5-L4. In a specific implementation, under the reaction force of separation, the rear structure of the hood moves backward relative to the base, and the rear structure of the hood is subjected to reaction forces of different magnitudes, resulting in different movement distances, and the following situations occur: after the rear section of the hood is engaged and fixedly connected with the middle section of the base and the front part of the connecting section, the rear end face of the hood is at a certain distance from the front end face 104 of the rear section of the base; or the rear section of the hood is engaged and fixedly connected with the middle section of the base and the connecting section and is limited by the front end face 104 of the rear section of the base. In this embodiment, the connecting section is a cylindrical structure, that is, the outer circumferential surface 103 of the connecting section is a circular surface, the large diameter end of the middle section of the base is connected to the connecting section, the outer diameter of the connecting section is the same as the outer diameter of the large diameter end of the middle section of the base, and the outer diameter of the connecting section is smaller than the outer diameter of the rear section of the base, that is, the rear section of the base has a front end surface 104 of the rear section of the base facing the front section of the base, and the front end surface 104 of the rear section of the base is perpendicular to the axis of the base.

[0032] As an improvement, the inner diameter of the middle section of the head cover is larger than the outer diameter of the front section of the base, and the middle section of the head cover and the front section of the base are matched with each other in clearance; N2 small countersunk holes are evenly arranged in the circumference of the middle section of the head cover, and N2 small threaded holes are matched with the small countersunk holes in the front section of the base; in this embodiment, the locking mechanism is a locking nail 7, such as Figure 2 As shown, the locking pin 7 is composed of a conical section and a three-section stepped shaft, and the top of the conical section can also be provided with a slot for easy installation and disassembly; the small diameter end of the conical section is connected to the first section 701 of the stepped shaft, and the second section 702 of the stepped shaft has the smallest diameter; N2 locking pins 7 pass through the N2 small countersunk holes in the middle section of the head cover and are installed in the N2 small threaded holes in the front section of the base. After the locking pin 7 is installed, the conical section and the first section 701 of the stepped shaft cooperate with the small countersunk holes, and the third section 703 of the stepped shaft is fixed by threading with the small threaded holes; the gap between the middle section of the head cover and the front section of the base and the intersection area of ​​the locking pin 7 are located in the second section 702 of the stepped shaft, that is, the top of the third section 703 of the stepped shaft will never protrude outward from the outer peripheral surface 101 of the front section of the base, and the bottom end of the first section 701 of the stepped shaft will never protrude inward from the inner peripheral surface 202 of the middle section of the head cover. The gap between the middle section of the head cover and the front section of the base and the intersection area with the locking pin 7 are always located at the second section 702 of the stepped shaft, and because the diameter of the second section 702 of the stepped shaft is the smallest, when subjected to the reaction of the separation of the front section of the head cover, the second section 702 of the stepped shaft breaks, that is, the locking pin 7 fails.

[0033] As an improvement, the inner diameter of the middle section of the hood is larger than the outer diameter of the rear section of the shield, and the clearance between the middle section of the hood and the rear section of the shield is matched; N1 large countersunk holes are evenly distributed circumferentially through the middle section of the hood, and the rear section of the shield is provided with N1 large threaded holes that match the large countersunk holes (the large threaded holes pass through the outer circumferential surface 302 of the rear section of the shield and the inner circumferential surface 306 of the rear section of the shield); the fasteners are screws 6 that match the large threaded holes, and N1 screws 6 pass through the large countersunk holes and are fixedly connected with the large threaded holes by thread matching, N1 is greater than N2, that is, the number of screws 6 is greater than the number of locking pins 7, thereby strengthening the connection strength between the middle section of the hood and the rear section of the shield.

[0034] The inner circumferential surface of the end of the front section of the hood can also be provided with an annular opening groove for placing the annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4. The annular opening groove opens inward, and the annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4 is fixed in the annular opening groove by an adhesive. After the detonator 5 detonates the annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4, the jet direction of the annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4 is perpendicular to the bottom surface 204 of the annular opening groove and is outward; the front section of the shield can also be provided with a through hole, and the detonator 5 is fixed in the through hole.

[0035] As an improvement, in order to maximize the effect of the annular energy-gathering cutting rope 4 and to separate the front section of the hood from the middle section of the hood as quickly as possible, the bottom surface 204 of the annular opening groove is a conical surface, and its conical half angle is the same as the conical half angle of the outer periphery of the front section of the hood, and its conical half angle is an acute angle; the two side surfaces of the annular opening groove can also be conical surfaces, and the generatrix of the two side surfaces is perpendicular to the generatrix of the bottom surface 204 of the annular opening groove, and the two side surfaces are coaxial with the bottom surface. After the detonator 5 detonates the annular energy-gathering cutting rope 4, the metal jet of the annular energy-gathering cutting rope 4 cuts off the annular opening groove, and the detonation causes the gas to expand and do work and the metal jet kinetic energy is transferred, thereby realizing the separation of the front section of the hood from the middle section of the hood.

[0036] As an improvement, the through hole can be a stepped hole, the hole of the stepped hole close to the outer peripheral surface 301 of the front section of the shield is a threaded hole, and the hole close to the inner peripheral surface 305 of the front section of the shield is a light hole, and the diameter of the light hole is larger than the diameter of the threaded hole; the detonator 5 is a stepped cylindrical structure, the front section of the cylinder of the detonator 5 is provided with an external thread and is fixedly connected with the threaded hole of the stepped hole, the diameter of the rear section of the cylinder of the detonator 5 is larger than the diameter of the front section of the cylinder of the detonator 5, and the rear section of the detonator 5 is connected with the light hole. In a specific implementation, two stepped holes can be evenly arranged along the axial direction of the front section of the shield according to actual conditions, for placing two detonators 5.

[0037] The base 1, shield 3, screw 6, and locking pin 7 can all be made of metal materials, and the head cover 2 is made of metal material or non-metallic material. In this embodiment, the base 1, shield 3, and locking pin 7 are made of steel, the screw 6 is high-strength alloy steel, and the head cover 2 is steel, aluminum alloy or composite material.

[0038] The hood 2, protective cover 3 and base 1 of the present invention integrate all the structural elements required for separation and unlocking. The metal jet of the annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4 is used to cut off the connection between the front section of the hood and the middle section of the hood, so as to achieve unlocking of the front section of the hood and the rear structure of the hood (the middle section and the rear section of the hood). The metal jet of the annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4 causes gas expansion work and metal jet kinetic energy transfer after detonation, so as to achieve separation of the front section of the hood and the rear structure of the hood. The front section of the protective cover is separated from the front section of the hood. After separation, the protective cover and the rear structure of the hood are still fixed together. At the same time of separation, the locking pin 7 is invalidated by the reaction force, so that the rear structure of the hood approaches the base 1. When the inner circumferential surface 203 of the rear section of the hood contacts and deforms with the outer circumferential surface 102 of the middle section of the base, the two are locked, and the protective cover 3 and the rear structure of the hood are still with the aircraft.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A segmented separation head cover, characterized in that: It includes a base, a hood, a shield, fasteners, a locking mechanism, a detonator, and an annular energy-forming cutting rope; the base, the hood, and the shield are all shell structures and are coaxially installed, the base and the shield are open at both ends, the front end of the hood is closed, and the rear end is open; The base and the hood are both divided into a front section, a middle section and a rear section. The front section of the hood is a conical structure, the middle section of the hood is a cylindrical structure, the large diameter end of the front section of the hood is connected to the middle section of the hood, the middle section of the hood is sleeved on the outer circumference of the front section of the base and is fixedly connected to the front section of the base through a number of locking mechanisms; the shield is divided into a front section and a rear section, the shield is sleeved in the hood, the outer circumference of the front section of the shield is bonded to the inner circumference of the front section of the hood, and the rear section of the shield is fixedly connected to the middle section of the hood through a number of fasteners; The annular energy-focusing cutting rope is circumferentially fixed on the inner circumferential surface of the end of the front section of the hood, and the detonator is fixed on the front section of the shield and corresponds to the annular energy-focusing cutting rope and is used to detonate the annular energy-focusing cutting rope; the annular energy-focusing cutting rope is used to cut off the connection between the front section of the hood and the middle section of the hood. Under the reaction force of the separation of the front section of the hood and the middle section of the hood, the locking mechanism fails, and the shield and the middle and rear sections of the hood move backward relative to the base. The inner circumferential surface of the rear section of the hood is engaged and fixedly connected with the outer circumferential surface of the middle section of the base and is limited by the front end surface of the rear section of the base.

2. The segmented separation head cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner circumference of the rear section of the hood and the outer circumference of the middle section of the base are both rough conical surfaces. The small diameter end of the inner circumference of the rear section of the hood is connected to the inner circumference of the middle section of the hood, and the small diameter end of the outer circumference of the middle section of the base is connected to the outer circumference of the front section of the base. The length L2 of the rear section of the hood is the same as the length L1 of the middle section of the base, and the cone half-angle of the outer circumference of the rear section of the hood is smaller than the cone half-angle of the outer circumference of the middle section of the base.

3. The segmented separation head cover according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between the rear end face of the shield and the front end face of the front section of the base is L3, the distance between the front end of the rear section of the hood and the front end of the middle section of the base is L4, and L3 is greater than L4; the distance between the end of the rear section of the hood and the front end of the rear section of the base is L5, and L5 is greater than L4. A connecting section with a length of L5-L4 is provided at the connection between the middle section of the base and the rear section of the base. The connecting section is a cylindrical structure, and the large diameter end of the middle section of the base is connected to the connecting section. The outer diameter of the connecting section is the same as the outer diameter of the large diameter end of the middle section of the base, and the outer diameter of the connecting section is smaller than the outer diameter of the rear section of the base.

4. The segmented separation head cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the middle section of the hood is larger than the outer diameter of the front section of the base, and the middle section of the hood and the front section of the base are clearance matched; a plurality of small countersunk holes are evenly arranged in the circumference of the middle section of the hood, and a plurality of small threaded holes are provided in the front section of the base to match the small countersunk holes; The locking mechanism is a locking pin, which is composed of a conical section and a three-section stepped shaft. The small diameter end of the conical section is connected to the first section of the stepped shaft, and the second section of the stepped shaft has the smallest diameter; the conical section and the first section of the stepped shaft are matched with a small countersunk hole, and the third section of the stepped shaft is fixed with a small threaded hole; the gap between the middle section of the head cover and the front section of the base and the intersection area with the locking pin are located in the second section of the stepped shaft.

5. The segmented separation head cover according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the middle section of the hood is larger than the outer diameter of the rear section of the shield, and the middle section of the hood and the rear section of the shield are clearance-matched; a number of large countersunk holes are evenly distributed circumferentially through the middle section of the hood, and a number of large threaded holes are provided through the rear section of the shield that match the large countersunk holes; the fasteners are screws that match the large threaded holes, and a number of screws pass through the large countersunk holes and are threadedly matched with the large threaded holes to be fixed.

6. The segmented separation head cover according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: An annular opening groove is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the end of the front section of the hood, and the annular energy-focusing cutting rope is fixed in the annular opening groove. The jet direction of the annular energy-focusing cutting rope is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the annular opening groove and faces outward; a through hole is provided on the front section of the shield, and the detonator is fixed in the through hole.

7. The segmented separation head cover according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the annular opening groove is a conical surface, and its conical half angle is the same as the conical half angle of the outer peripheral surface of the front section of the head cover.

8. The segmented separation head cover according to claim 6, characterized in that: The through hole is a stepped hole, the hole near the outer peripheral surface of the front section of the shield is a threaded hole, and the hole near the inner peripheral surface of the front section of the shield is a light hole, and the diameter of the light hole is larger than the diameter of the threaded hole; the detonator is a stepped cylindrical structure, and the front section of the cylinder of the detonator is provided with an external thread that is fixedly connected with the threaded hole of the stepped hole.

9. The segmented separation head cover according to claim 6, characterized in that: The base, the shield, the screws and the locking pins are all made of metal materials, and the head cover is made of metal material or non-metal material.

10. The segmented separation head cover according to claim 9, characterized in that: The base, the shield and the locking pins are made of steel, the screws are made of high-strength alloy steel, and the head cover is made of one of steel, aluminum alloy or composite material.

Images