In-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system
By designing an in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system, using power generation units to convert water flow energy into electrical energy, and performing seawater electrolysis in an independent chamber, the problem of poor retention of existing TENG electrical performance is solved, and efficient hydrogen gas is achieved collect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411587072.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-11
AI Technical Summary
The existing TENG electrical performance retention rate is poor, and it is difficult to effectively utilize deep-sea water flow energy to produce hydrogen.
A system for producing hydrogen by in-situ water flow energy is designed, including a pipe body, an electrolytic device, a first gas storage chamber and a second gas storage chamber. The water flow energy is converted into electrical energy through the power generation unit and seawater electrolysis is performed in an independent chamber. The hydrogen produced is transported to the gas storage chamber by buoyancy.
It realizes the conversion of deep-sea water current energy into electrical energy, and hydrogen is generated by electrolyzing seawater. The hydrogen can be transported spontaneously vertically to the gas storage chamber, solving the problem of poor electrical performance retention in the prior art and achieving efficient hydrogen collection.
Smart Images
Figure CN119411147A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by electrolysis of seawater, and in particular to an in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system. Background Art
[0002] Using renewable energy collected in situ, especially renewable wave energy or water flow energy in the ocean, to electrolyze seawater is one of the sustainable methods to produce hydrogen. At present, most of the existing water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment is located on land or deployed near wind power and photovoltaic facilities on the sea surface. However, the seabed has a vast space and contains abundant water flow energy that has not yet been developed. Therefore, the research and development of water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment suitable for deep sea has become a hot spot in industry research. Summary of the invention
[0003] The present application discloses an in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system to solve the problem of poor electrical performance retention rate of existing TENGs.
[0004] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:
[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system, which includes a pipe body, an electrolysis device, a first gas storage chamber and a second gas storage chamber, wherein both ends of the pipe body are closed, and one end is used to be fixed on the seabed, and a first partition extending along the axial direction of the pipe body is provided in the pipe body to separate the inside of the pipe body into a first chamber and a second chamber; the electrolysis device includes a power generation unit, a first electrolysis electrode and a second electrolysis electrode electrically connected to the power generation unit respectively, wherein the power generation unit is located outside the pipe body and is used to convert mechanical energy in the water flow into electrical energy; the first electrolysis electrode is fixed The first partition is provided with an opening, an ion exchange membrane is provided at the opening, and the first electrolysis electrode and the second electrolysis electrode are relatively arranged on both sides of the ion exchange membrane; the side walls of the tube body close to the first electrolysis electrode and the second electrolysis electrode are provided with openings, and filter membranes are provided at the openings, and the filter membranes are used to filter seawater; the first gas storage chamber is connected with the first chamber, and the first gas storage chamber is used to store the gas generated by the first electrolysis electrode electrolyzing seawater, and the second gas storage chamber is connected with the second chamber, and the second gas storage chamber is used to store the gas generated by the second electrolysis electrode electrolyzing seawater.
[0006] The electrolysis water hydrogen production system provided by the present application, wherein one end of the tube body can be fixedly arranged in the seabed of different water depths according to actual needs, the power generation unit can convert water flow energy into electrical energy and supply power to the first electrolysis electrode and the second electrolysis electrode, and the seawater enters the first chamber and the second chamber respectively through the openings on the tube body, and the filter membrane can filter impurities in the seawater. If the first electrolysis electrode is an anode, chlorine and oxygen are produced by electrolysis at the first electrolysis electrode, and the second electrolysis electrode is a cathode, and hydrogen is produced by electrolysis at the second electrolysis electrode. The generated hydrogen bubbles are transported upward along the second cavity in the tube body under the driving force of buoyancy, and then enter the second gas storage chamber. The electrolysis water hydrogen production system in the present application can convert water flow energy in the deep sea into electrical energy, and use the generated electrical energy to electrolyze seawater, because the first electrolysis electrode and the second electrolysis electrode are respectively arranged in the independent first chamber and the second chamber, and the generated hydrogen and oxygen and other gases are separated, and the hydrogen can be transported to the second gas storage chamber under the action of buoyancy, thereby realizing the collection of hydrogen. The design of the in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system is ingenious, the structure is relatively simple, and it is suitable for a wide range of promotion and application.
[0007] Furthermore, the pipe body is made of a flexible material; and / or the pipe body includes a plurality of pipe fittings connected in sequence.
[0008] Furthermore, the first air storage chamber and the second air storage chamber float on the water surface; and / or, the first chamber and the first air storage chamber are connected through a first pipe, and the second chamber and the second air storage chamber are connected through a second pipe.
[0009] Furthermore, there are multiple electrolysis devices, which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the tube body; and the number of openings corresponds to the number of electrolysis devices.
[0010] Furthermore, the in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system also includes a gas buffer chamber, which is connected to the end of the pipe body close to the water surface and corresponds one-to-one to the pipe body. The gas buffer chamber includes a first air chamber and a second air chamber. The first air chamber is connected to the first chamber, and the second air chamber is connected to the second chamber.
[0011] Furthermore, there are multiple gas buffer chambers, multiple first gas chambers are all connected to the first gas storage chamber, and multiple second gas chambers are all connected to the second gas storage chamber.
[0012] Furthermore, the power generation unit includes a packaging component, at least two groups of friction nanogenerators and a first choke component; the packaging component includes an elastic first packaging layer and a second packaging layer, the first packaging layer is stacked on the surface of the second packaging layer and a sealed cavity is provided between the two, and a gas bag is provided in the cavity; at least two groups of friction nanogenerators are arranged in the cavity at intervals, the friction nanogenerator includes a first electrode layer, a dielectric layer and a second electrode layer arranged in a stacked manner, the side of the first electrode layer facing away from the dielectric layer is fixedly connected to the first packaging layer, and the side of the second electrode layer facing away from the dielectric layer is fixedly connected to the second packaging layer, wherein the dielectric layer is fixedly arranged on the surface of the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer; the number of the first choke component is related to the friction nanogenerator. Corresponding to the friction nanogenerator, each group of first resistant components includes two first resistant bodies symmetrically arranged and parallel to each other, the two first resistant bodies are fixedly connected to the surface of the first packaging layer away from the second packaging layer, and form corresponding rigid areas on the first packaging layer to form a rigid-flexible coupling deformation structure; when water flows through the first resistant components, the two first resistant bodies generate vortex-induced vibrations and drive the corresponding areas of the first packaging layer to generate reciprocating elastic deformations, so that the first packaging layer and the second packaging layer are contacted and separated; gas packets are filled in the cavity and can be exchanged and moved between the two adjacent groups of friction nanogenerators, so that the first packaging layers and the second packaging layers corresponding to the two groups of friction nanogenerators are alternately contacted and separated.
[0013] Furthermore, the cavity includes at least two sub-cavities connected in sequence, a friction nanogenerator is provided in the sub-cavity, and the gas packets can be exchanged and moved in two adjacent sub-cavities.
[0014] Furthermore, the second packaging layer circumferentially wraps the tube body, and a side of the second packaging layer facing away from the first packaging layer is fixedly connected to the tube body.
[0015] Furthermore, the power generation unit includes a plurality of friction nanogenerators distributed in an array.
[0016] Furthermore, the in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system also includes a charge excitation circuit, which includes a self-voltage doubling rectifier circuit composed of a diode and a capacitor and a voltage stabilization control circuit for stabilizing and regulating the self-voltage doubling rectifier circuit, the self-voltage doubling rectifier circuit includes a first input terminal and a second input terminal, and the first input terminal and the second input terminal are respectively located at diagonal positions of the self-voltage doubling rectifier circuit; the power generation unit includes a first port and a second port, the first port is connected to the first input terminal, the second input terminal is connected to the first electrolysis electrode, and the second electrolysis electrode is connected to the second port.
[0017] Furthermore, the voltage stabilizing and regulating circuit includes a voltage stabilizing diode or a transistor control system; and / or, the self-voltage doubling rectifier circuit includes at least one excitation unit, and the excitation unit includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first diode, a second diode and a third diode; wherein, the first end of the first capacitor is connected to the positive electrode of the first diode, the second end of the first capacitor is respectively connected to the negative electrode of the second diode and the positive electrode of the third diode, the first end of the second capacitor is respectively connected to the negative electrode of the first diode and the positive electrode of the second diode, and the second end of the second capacitor is connected to the negative electrode of the third diode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0019] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tube body and a gas buffer chamber in one embodiment of the present application;
[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power generation unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power generation unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0023] Figure 6 An exploded diagram of a power generation unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0024] Figure 7 An exploded view of a first flow-blocking component according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0025] Figure 8 This is a working state diagram of a power generation unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0026] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a packaging assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0027] Fig.10 A schematic structural diagram of a power generation unit according to another embodiment of the present application;
[0028] Fig.11 This is a schematic structural diagram of an array packaging component according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0029] Fig.12 This is a working principle diagram of the charge excitation circuit of the in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system according to one embodiment of the present application.
[0030] Figure numbers: 100-tube body; 101-tube fitting; 110-first partition; 200-electrolysis device; 210-power generation unit; 201-first port; 202-second port; 220-first electrolysis electrode; 230-second electrolysis electrode; 240-ion exchange membrane; 300-first gas storage chamber; 400-second gas storage chamber; 500-first pipeline; 600-second pipeline; 700-gas buffer chamber; 710-first gas chamber; 720-second gas chamber; 80-charge excitation circuit; 81-first input terminal; 82-second input terminal; 800-excitation unit; 810-first capacitor; 820-second capacitor; 830-first diode; 840-second diode; 850-third diode; 860-voltage regulator diode;
[0031] 10-packaging component; 11-first packaging layer; 11a-first area; 12-second packaging layer; 20-connection point; 30-friction nanogenerator; 31-first electrode layer; 32-dielectric layer; 33-second electrode layer; 34-first substrate layer; 35-second substrate layer; 40-first flow-blocking component; 41-first flow-blocking body; 42-first rigid sheet; 50-second flow-blocking component; 51-second flow-blocking body; 52-second rigid sheet;
[0032] 01-first chamber; 02-second chamber; 04-opening; 05-cavity; 06-gas bag; 07-sub-cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0034] The application scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application. It is known to those skilled in the art that with the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.
[0035] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2In an embodiment of the present application, an in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system is provided, and the in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system includes a pipe body 100, an electrolysis device 200, a first gas storage chamber 300 and a second gas storage chamber 400. Both ends of the pipe body 100 are closed, and one end is used to be fixed on the seabed, and the other end of the pipe body 100 extends toward the water surface and is respectively connected to the first gas storage chamber 300 and the second gas storage chamber 400. It can be understood that the manner in which the pipe body 100 is fixed to the seabed is not limited in the present application. For example, for shallower waters, the pipe body 100 can be stabilized on the seabed by its own weight (plus possible weighting materials). For deeper waters, the pipe body 100 can be fixed to the seabed using anchor chains and anchors. Among them, the anchor can be a pile anchor driven into the seabed, or it can be a gravity anchor.
[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a first partition 110 extending along the axial direction of the tube body 100 is provided in the tube body 100 to separate the inside of the tube body 100 into a first chamber 01 and a second chamber 02. The electrolysis device 200 includes a power generation unit 210, a first electrolysis electrode 220 and a second electrolysis electrode 230 electrically connected to the power generation unit 210, wherein the power generation unit 210 is located outside the tube body 100 and is used to convert mechanical energy in the water flow into electrical energy. The first electrolysis electrode 220 is fixed in the first chamber 01, and the second electrolysis electrode 230 is fixed in the second chamber 02. The first partition 110 is provided with an opening, and an ion exchange membrane 240 is provided at the opening. The first electrolysis electrode 220 and the second electrolysis electrode 230 are relatively arranged on both sides of the ion exchange membrane 240, and the ion exchange membrane 240 can play the role of separating electrolytes while allowing ions to pass. The side walls of the tube body 100 near the first electrolysis electrode 220 and the second electrolysis electrode 230 are both provided with openings 04, and filter membranes are provided at the openings 04. The filter membranes are used to filter seawater so that seawater enters the first chamber 01 and the second chamber 02, and filter impurities in the seawater. The first gas storage chamber 300 is connected to the first chamber 01, and the first gas storage chamber 300 is used to store the gas generated by the first electrolysis electrode 220 electrolyzing seawater. The second gas storage chamber 400 is connected to the second chamber 02, and the second gas storage chamber 400 is used to store the gas generated by the second electrolysis electrode 230 electrolyzing seawater.
[0037] The first electrolysis electrode 220 can be bonded to the inner wall of the tube 100 or fixed in other ways inside the tube 100. Similarly, the second electrolysis electrode 230 can be bonded to the inner wall of the tube 100 or fixed in other ways inside the tube 100.
[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, the power generation unit 210 can be attached to the pipe body or other nearby structures, and can be configured according to actual conditions.
[0039] It is understandable that the present application does not limit the number and shape of the openings 04. The side wall of the tube body 100 may have one opening 04 or multiple openings 04. When there are multiple openings 04, the multiple openings 04 may be arranged at intervals in the circumference of the tube body 100.
[0040] Among them, the power generation unit 210 is used to collect water flow energy in situ to generate electricity, and transmit the electrical energy to the first electrolysis electrode 220 and the second electrolysis electrode 230 to electrolyze seawater to produce hydrogen. The hydrogen, oxygen or chlorine produced by electrolysis can be automatically transported upward along the inside of the tube body 100 by buoyancy, and finally stored in the first gas storage chamber 300 and the second gas storage chamber 400. The spontaneous vertical transport of hydrogen is similar to the vertical transport of nutrients in giant seaweed in its long stems. In this way, the in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system in the present application can collect water flow energy in situ at different water depths for electrolyzing seawater to produce hydrogen.
[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, the tube body 100 is made of a flexible material, has good durability, and can withstand certain deformation without breaking, thereby reducing or avoiding damage to the tube body 100 in the water flow. In addition, the preparation material of the tube body 100 can be a material with corrosion resistance and wear resistance to prevent damage caused by long-term contact of the tube body 100 with seawater.
[0042] Continue to refer to Figure 1 The pipe body 100 may include a plurality of pipe fittings 101 connected in sequence. The plurality of pipe fittings 101 may be integrally formed or assembled on site for ease of transportation and maintenance.
[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, there are multiple electrolysis devices 200 , and the multiple electrolysis devices 200 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the tube body 100 , wherein the number of openings corresponds to the number of the electrolysis devices 200 .
[0044] It can be understood that when the tube body 100 includes multiple tubes 101 and electrolysis devices 200, the tubes 101 and the electrolysis devices 200 can correspond one to one, the first electrolysis electrode 220 and the second electrolysis electrode 230 are arranged inside the tube 101, the power generation unit 210 is arranged outside the tube 101, and the first partition 110 is provided with openings corresponding to the multiple tubes 101 one by one, and each tube 101 is provided with a corresponding opening 04.
[0045] You can continue to refer to Figure 1 The first air storage chamber 300 and the second air storage chamber 400 can float on the water surface or be arranged on land, etc., and can be arranged according to actual needs. The first chamber 01 and the first air storage chamber 300 are connected through a first pipe 500, and the second chamber 02 and the second air storage chamber 400 are connected through a second pipe 600.
[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tube body and a gas buffer chamber according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a power generation unit according to an embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments of the present application, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system in the present application also includes a gas buffer chamber 700, which is connected to the end of the pipe body 100 close to the water surface and corresponds to the pipe body 100 one by one. The gas buffer chamber 700 includes a first air chamber 710 and a second air chamber 720. The first air chamber 710 is connected to the first chamber 01, and the second air chamber 720 is connected to the second chamber 02. Among them, the air pressure in the first air chamber 710 is lower than the air pressure in the first chamber 01, so that the gas in the first chamber 01 flows into the first air chamber 710, and seawater does not enter the first air chamber 710. Similarly, the air pressure in the second air chamber 720 is lower than the air pressure in the second chamber 02, so that the gas in the second chamber 02 flows into the second air chamber 720, and seawater does not enter the second air chamber 720.
[0047] Of course, a one-way valve or a diaphragm may be provided at the communication port between the first air chamber 710 and the first chamber 01 to allow gas to enter the first air chamber 710 while preventing liquid from entering the first air chamber 710. Similarly, a one-way valve or a diaphragm may be provided at the communication port between the second air chamber 720 and the second chamber 02 to allow gas to enter the second air chamber 720 while preventing liquid from entering the second air chamber 720.
[0048] Continue to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The number of gas buffer chambers 700 can be multiple, and the multiple first gas chambers 710 are all connected to the first gas storage chamber 300, and the multiple second gas chambers 720 are all connected to the second gas storage chamber 400. The hydrogen (cathode) and oxygen or chlorine (anode) generated by electrolysis are automatically transported upward along the inside of the tube body 100 to the first gas chamber 710 and the second gas chamber 720 by buoyancy, and finally enter the first gas storage chamber 300 and the second gas storage chamber 400.
[0049] It is understandable that the power generation unit 210 is a generator that can collect water flow energy in situ, such as a turbine, an impeller generator or a friction nano power generation unit 210, etc., as long as the kinetic energy of the ocean water flow can be converted into electrical energy. The specific structure of the power generation unit 210 of a possible embodiment will be described in detail below.
[0050] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power generation unit according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 This is an exploded view of a power generation unit according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 This is an exploded view of a first flow-blocking component according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8This is a working state diagram of a power generation unit of an embodiment of the present application. Please refer to Figures 5 to 8 The power generation unit 210 includes a packaging component 10, at least two groups of friction nanogenerators 30 and a first flow-blocking component 40. The packaging component 10 includes an elastic first packaging layer 11 and a second packaging layer 12, the first packaging layer 11 is superimposed on the surface of the second packaging layer 12, and a sealed cavity 05 is provided between the first packaging layer 11 and the second packaging layer 12, and a gas bag 06 is provided in the cavity 05. At least two groups of friction nanogenerators 30 are arranged in the cavity 05 at intervals, and the friction nanogenerator 30 includes a first electrode layer 31, a dielectric layer 32 and a second electrode layer 33 arranged in a stacked manner, the first electrode layer 31 is fixedly connected to the first packaging layer 11 on the side away from the dielectric layer 32, and the second electrode layer 33 is fixedly connected to the second packaging layer 12 on the side away from the dielectric layer 32, wherein the dielectric layer 32 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the first electrode layer 31 or the second electrode layer 33. The number of the first flow-blocking components 40 corresponds to the friction nanogenerators 30. Each group of the first flow-blocking components 40 includes two first flow-blocking bodies 41 that are symmetrically arranged and parallel to each other. The two first flow-blocking bodies 41 are fixedly connected to the surface of the first encapsulation layer 11 that is away from the second encapsulation layer 12, and form a corresponding rigid area on the first encapsulation layer 11 to form a rigid-flexible coupling deformation structure. When the water flows through the first flow-blocking components 40, the two first flow-blocking bodies 41 generate vortex-induced vibrations and drive the corresponding areas of the first encapsulation layer 11 to generate reciprocating elastic deformations, so that the first encapsulation layer 11 and the second encapsulation layer 12 are in contact and separated. The gas bag 06 is filled in the cavity 05 and can be exchanged and moved between the two adjacent groups of friction nanogenerators 30, so that the first encapsulation layer 11 and the second encapsulation layer 12 corresponding to the two groups of friction nanogenerators 30 are in alternating contact and separation.
[0051] By pairing at least two groups of friction nanogenerators 30 and setting matching flow-blocking components, the unidirectional water flow can be converted into high-frequency vibration of the device, and then the mechanical energy in the water can be converted into electrical energy for output. Compared with the traditional flag-shaped friction nanogenerator 30 based on vortex-induced vibration, the power output performance of the power generation unit 210 is effectively improved. Moreover, the overall structural design is ingenious, easy to integrate and prepare, and has high reliability.
[0052] In some possible implementations, the triboelectric nanogenerator 30 further includes a first substrate layer 34 and a second substrate layer 35. The first substrate layer 34 is disposed between the first packaging layer 11 and the first electrode layer 31, and the second substrate layer 35 is disposed between the second packaging layer 12 and the second electrode layer 33.
[0053] Among them, the first electrode layer 31 is a flexible conductive electrode. When preparing the first electrode layer 31, it is necessary to consider the firmness of the embedding with the first packaging layer 11 and the output stability. The thickness of the first electrode layer 31 and the first substrate layer 34 are as thin as possible. Optionally, a conductive material such as copper can be magnetron sputtered onto a polymer film such as polyimide (Kapton). Optionally, the dielectric layer 32 is a thin film structure, and the preparation material of the dielectric layer 32 can be an insulating material such as a polymer, an inorganic oxide, or a composite material, preferably a thinner Kapton film. The second electrode layer 33 is a thin film structure, which can be specifically prepared by a conductive material such as metal, carbon material or ITO. The second substrate layer 35 is a thin sheet structure, which can be specifically prepared by a plastic such as polyvinyl chloride, and the thickness of the second substrate layer 35 is 0.2 mm to 1 mm.
[0054] Reference Figures 5 to 7 The first flow-blocking assembly 40 further includes first rigid sheets 42. The number of the first rigid sheets 42 corresponds to the number of the first flow-blocking bodies 41. One side of each first rigid sheet 42 is fixedly connected to the corresponding first flow-blocking body 41, and the other side is fixedly connected to the surface of the first packaging layer 11 away from the second packaging layer 12, thereby forming a rigid area matching the first rigid sheets 42 on the first packaging layer 11.
[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, the first rigid sheet 42 is an isosceles trapezoidal sheet. In each group of first baffles 41, two first rigid sheets 42 are symmetrically arranged, and their short sides are close to each other and their long sides are away from each other. By designing a trapezoidal rigid area and a flexible area surrounding the surface of the friction nanogenerator 30, a three-dimensional deformation can be generated under the action of external water flow, thereby achieving sufficient high-frequency contact separation between the first electrode layer 31 and the dielectric layer 32 of the friction nanogenerator 30 or between the second electrode layer 33 and the dielectric layer 32.
[0056] The first encapsulation layer 11 and the second encapsulation layer 12 are both flexible and can be made of flexible materials such as silicone. The first flow blocking component 40 can be prepared separately and then bonded to the surface of the first encapsulation layer 11, or can be integrally formed by 3D printing or the like.
[0057] In some possible implementations, the first baffle 41 and the first rigid sheet 42 may both be made of polymer materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, and polytetrafluoroethylene.
[0058] In some embodiments of the present application, the cavity 05 includes at least two sub-cavities 07 that are connected in sequence, a friction nanogenerator 30 is provided in the sub-cavity 07, and the gas packet 06 can be exchanged and moved in two adjacent sub-cavities 07. Fig. 9 This is a packaging schematic diagram of a packaging component of an embodiment of the present application, such as Fig. 9As shown, the cavity 05 of the power generation unit 210 includes two sub-cavities 07 , and each sub-cavity 07 is provided with a friction nanogenerator 30 .
[0059] In addition, the first packaging layer 11 and the second packaging layer 12 are both made of waterproof materials. By packaging the friction nanogenerator 30 in a sealed cavity 05, it can adapt to the underwater working environment. Moreover, an appropriate amount of gas is filled in the cavity 05 as a gas package 06. When the device is working, the gas package 06 can be exchanged between two adjacent sub-cavities 07, so that the first electrode layer 31 and the dielectric layer 32 of the two groups of friction nanogenerators 30 or the second electrode layer 33 and the dielectric layer 32 are alternately contacted and separated, so that the overall power generation unit 210 can overcome the influence of the underwater high-pressure environment and work normally.
[0060] Continue to refer to Fig. 9 The first encapsulation layer 11 includes a first region 11a ( Fig. 9 The second encapsulation layer 12 includes a second region (not shown in the figure), and the first region 11a and the second region are sealed and connected to enclose and form a cavity 05. The first region 11a and the second region can be bonded by glue, and the main function is to prevent water from entering the cavity 05.
[0061] In some possible implementations, the first region 11a and the second region are connected in polarity via a plurality of connection points 20. The position, shape and number of the connection points 20 are set according to actual needs, such as Fig. 9 As shown, six connection points 20 are provided between the first encapsulation layer 11 and the second encapsulation layer 12, which help to make the contact and separation movement of two adjacent friction nanogenerators 30 more stable. The connection points 20 can be bonding points.
[0062] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power generation unit 210 according to another embodiment of the present application. Fig.10 The power generation unit 210 also includes a second flow-blocking component 50, which is fixed on the surface of the first encapsulation layer 11 away from the second encapsulation layer 12, and the second flow-blocking component 50 and at least two groups of first flow-blocking components 40 are arranged along the first direction D1, and the second flow-blocking component 50 includes two second flow-blocking bodies 51 that are symmetrically arranged and parallel to each other. The cavity 05 corresponding to the second flow-blocking component 50 has no friction nanogenerator 30 structure, and its main function is to enhance vortex-induced vibration so that the contact and separation movement of adjacent friction nanogenerators 30 is more intense. Among them, the second flow-blocking component 50 can be arranged on the surface of the first area 11a away from the second area.
[0063] In some optional implementations, the second choke assembly 50 further includes a second rigid sheet 52 , which is disposed between the first packaging layer 11 and the second choke body 51 . The specific structure and configuration may refer to the first rigid sheet 42 , which will not be described again.
[0064] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an array packaging component according to an embodiment of the present application, referring to Fig.11 The power generation unit 210 includes a plurality of triboelectric nanogenerators 30 distributed in an array, and the plurality of triboelectric nanogenerators 30 share a cavity 05, and the gas packet 06 can shuttle inside the cavity 05. Of course, each triboelectric nanogenerator 30 can be arranged in an independent sub-cavity 07. Correspondingly, a plurality of first flow-blocking components 40 distributed in an array are arranged on the surface of the first encapsulation layer 11.
[0065] The specific form of the array distribution is not limited in this application and can be set according to actual needs. Fig.11 As shown, a plurality of friction nanogenerators 30 arranged along the first direction D1 and a plurality of friction nanogenerators 30 arranged along the second direction D2 are provided in the cavity 05 of the power generation unit 210, so that all the friction nanogenerators 30 in the cavity 05 are distributed in a rectangular array. At the same time, a plurality of first flow-blocking components 40 distributed in a rectangular array are correspondingly provided on the surface of the first encapsulation layer 11 away from the second encapsulation layer 12, and a plurality of second flow-blocking components 50 arranged along the second direction D2 are provided in the first region 11a.
[0066] In some embodiments of the present application, the second packaging layer 12 can circumferentially wrap the tube body 100 , and the side of the second packaging layer 12 facing away from the first packaging layer 11 is fixedly connected to the tube body 100 . Specifically, the second packaging layer 12 can be bonded to the surface of the tube body 100 .
[0067] Fig.12 This is a working principle diagram of the charge excitation circuit of the in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present application, referring to Fig.12 The in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system also includes a charge excitation circuit 80, which includes a self-voltage doubler rectifier circuit composed of a diode and a capacitor and a voltage regulation circuit for regulating the self-voltage doubler rectifier circuit. The self-voltage doubler rectifier circuit includes a first input terminal 81 and a second input terminal 82, and the first input terminal 81 and the second input terminal 82 are respectively located at diagonal positions of the self-voltage doubler rectifier circuit. The power generation unit 210 includes a first port 201 and a second port 202, the first port 201 is connected to the first input terminal 81, the second input terminal 82 is connected to the first electrolysis electrode 220, and the second electrolysis electrode 230 is connected to the second port 202.
[0068] Continue to refer to Fig.12The self-voltage-doubling rectifier circuit includes at least one excitation unit 800, which includes a first capacitor 810, a second capacitor 820, a first diode 830, a second diode 840 and a third diode 850. The power generation unit 210 includes a first port 201 and a second port 202. The first end of the first capacitor 810 is connected to the first electrolysis electrode 220 and the positive electrode of the first diode 830, respectively, the second end of the first capacitor 810 is connected to the negative electrode of the second diode 840 and the positive electrode of the third diode 850, respectively, the first end of the second capacitor 820 is connected to the negative electrode of the first diode 830 and the positive electrode of the second diode 840, respectively, the second end of the second capacitor 820 is connected to the first port 201 and the negative electrode of the third diode 850, and the second port 202 is connected to the second electrolysis electrode 230. The charge excitation circuit 80 of the above structure can significantly improve the charge output performance of the friction nanogenerator 30. As the contact of the friction nanogenerator 30 is separated, due to the unidirectional conductivity of the diode, the first capacitor 810 and the second capacitor 820 in the circuit are converted from series to parallel. As the voltage of the first capacitor 810 increases, the amount of charge in the first electrode layer 31 and the second electrode layer 33 of the friction nanogenerator 30 gradually increases, thereby improving the electrical output of the friction nanogenerator 30.
[0069] It is understandable that the self-voltage-doubling rectifier circuit 80 can combine two or more excitation units 800 as needed to achieve a faster charge increase excitation speed, wherein two adjacent excitation units 800 can share a diode.
[0070] Among them, the voltage stabilizing and regulating circuit includes a voltage stabilizing diode or a transistor control system, which is used to stabilize and control the excitation voltage generated at both ends of the self-voltage doubling rectifier circuit, thereby effectively adjusting the output size of the power generation unit to better meet the needs of hydrogen production by electrolysis of seawater.
[0071] like Fig.12 As shown, the voltage regulation circuit includes a voltage regulator diode 860 as an example for explanation, the positive electrode of the voltage regulator diode 860 is respectively connected to the first end of the first capacitor 810, the positive electrode of the first diode 830 and the first electrolysis electrode 220, and the negative electrode of the voltage regulator diode 860 is respectively connected to the second end of the second capacitor 820, the negative electrode of the third diode 850 and the first port 201. The voltage regulator diode 860 can release excess charge and make the charge amount reach a stable saturation value.
[0072] The above are only specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. An in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system, characterized in that: It includes a tube body, an electrolysis device, a first gas storage chamber and a second gas storage chamber, wherein: Both ends of the tube body are closed, and one end is used to be fixed on the seabed. A first partition extending along the axial direction of the tube body is provided in the tube body to separate the interior of the tube body into a first chamber and a second chamber; The electrolysis device comprises a power generation unit, a first electrolysis electrode and a second electrolysis electrode electrically connected to the power generation unit respectively, wherein the power generation unit is located outside the tube body and is used to convert mechanical energy in the water flow into electrical energy; the first electrolysis electrode is fixedly arranged in the first chamber, the second electrolysis electrode is fixedly arranged in the second chamber, the first partition is provided with an opening, an ion exchange membrane is arranged at the opening, and the first electrolysis electrode and the second electrolysis electrode are arranged on both sides of the ion exchange membrane opposite to each other; the side walls of the tube body close to the first electrolysis electrode and the second electrolysis electrode are both provided with openings, and filter membranes are arranged at the openings, and the filter membranes are used to filter seawater; The first gas storage chamber is communicated with the first chamber, and the first gas storage chamber is used to store the gas generated by the first electrolysis electrode electrolyzing seawater. The second gas storage chamber is communicated with the second chamber, and the second gas storage chamber is used to store the gas generated by the second electrolysis electrode electrolyzing seawater.
2. The in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe body is made of a flexible material; and / or the pipe body comprises a plurality of pipe fittings connected in sequence.
3. The in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first air storage chamber and the second air storage chamber float on the water surface; and / or, The first chamber is connected to the first air storage chamber via a first pipe, and the second chamber is connected to the second air storage chamber via a second pipe.
4. The in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: There are multiple electrolysis devices, and the multiple electrolysis devices are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the tube body; And / or, the number of the openings corresponds to the electrolysis device.
5. The in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system also includes a gas buffer chamber, which is connected to the end of the pipe body close to the water surface and corresponds one-to-one to the pipe body. The gas buffer chamber includes a first air chamber and a second air chamber, the first air chamber is connected to the first chamber, and the second air chamber is connected to the second chamber.
6. The in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are multiple gas buffer chambers, multiple first gas chambers are all connected to the first gas storage chamber, and multiple second gas chambers are all connected to the second gas storage chamber.
7. The in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The power generation unit includes a packaging component, at least two groups of friction nanogenerators and a first flow-blocking component; The packaging assembly comprises an elastic first packaging layer and a second packaging layer, wherein the first packaging layer is stacked on the surface of the second packaging layer with a sealed cavity provided therebetween, and a gas bag is provided in the cavity; The at least two groups of friction nanogenerators are arranged in the cavity at intervals, and the friction nanogenerators include a first electrode layer, a dielectric layer, and a second electrode layer that are stacked, a side of the first electrode layer facing away from the dielectric layer is fixedly connected to the first packaging layer, and a side of the second electrode layer facing away from the dielectric layer is fixedly connected to the second packaging layer, wherein the dielectric layer is fixedly arranged on a surface of the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer; The number of the first flow-blocking components corresponds to the friction nanogenerators, and each group of the first flow-blocking components includes two first flow-blocking bodies that are symmetrically arranged and parallel to each other, and the two first flow-blocking bodies are fixedly connected to the surface of the first packaging layer that is away from the second packaging layer, and form a corresponding rigid area on the first packaging layer to form a rigid-flexible coupling deformation structure; when water flows through the first flow-blocking components, the two first flow-blocking bodies generate vortex-induced vibrations and drive the corresponding areas of the first packaging layer to generate reciprocating elastic deformations, so that the first packaging layer and the second packaging layer are in contact and separated; The gas packet is filled in the cavity and can be exchanged and moved between two adjacent groups of the friction nanogenerators, so that the first packaging layer and the second packaging layer corresponding to the two groups of the friction nanogenerators are alternately contacted and separated.
8. The in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cavity comprises at least two sub-cavities connected in sequence, each of which is provided with a friction nanogenerator, and the gas packets can be exchanged and moved in two adjacent sub-cavities.
9. The in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second packaging layer circumferentially wraps the tube body, and a side of the second packaging layer facing away from the first packaging layer is fixedly connected to the tube body.
10. The in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The power generation unit includes a plurality of the friction nanogenerators distributed in an array.
11. The in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system also includes a charge excitation circuit, which includes a self-voltage doubling rectifier circuit composed of a diode and a capacitor and a voltage regulation circuit for regulating the voltage of the self-voltage doubling rectifier circuit, the self-voltage doubling rectifier circuit includes a first input end and a second input end, the first input end and the second input end are respectively located at diagonal positions of the self-voltage doubling rectifier circuit; The power generation unit includes a first port and a second port, the first port is connected to the first input end, the second input end is connected to the first electrolysis electrode, and the second electrolysis electrode is connected to the second port.
12. The in-situ water flow energy hydrogen production system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The voltage stabilizing and regulating circuit includes a voltage stabilizing diode or a triode control system; and / or, The self-voltage-doubling rectifier circuit includes at least one excitation unit, and the excitation unit includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first diode, a second diode and a third diode; wherein the first end of the first capacitor is connected to the positive electrode of the first diode, the second end of the first capacitor is respectively connected to the negative electrode of the second diode and the positive electrode of the third diode, the first end of the second capacitor is respectively connected to the negative electrode of the first diode and the positive electrode of the second diode, and the second end of the second capacitor is connected to the negative electrode of the third diode.