Modularized movable variable-structure floating type wave-resistant wharf and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering equipment, discloses a modular movable variable-structure floating type wave-resistant wharf and an operation method thereof, and aims to solve the problem that a traditional offshore installation platform lacks flexibility and wave-resistant capacity. The floating body units are connected through spherical hinge connectors, and the head module and the tail module are provided with mechanical arms and connecting piles correspondingly. In the towing process, the floating body units are arranged in a chain type connection mode, the head wave area and towing resistance are reduced, and the towing efficiency is improved; after reaching an operation sea area, the floating body units can be quickly changed into a U shape through flexible matching of the mechanical arms and the connecting piles and the rotating function of the spherical hinge connectors, a breakwater is formed, and a stable operation platform is provided for installation of offshore equipment. The device has high flexibility, variable structure and efficient operability, is suitable for installation operation of various facilities such as offshore wind turbines, floating platforms and ocean monitoring equipment, has good economical efficiency and adaptability, and can effectively improve operation efficiency and safety under complex sea conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine engineering equipment, and in particular to a modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the development and utilization of marine resources continues to deepen around the world, the demand for installation of marine engineering, offshore wind power generation, marine monitoring equipment and other large marine structures is increasing. However, the offshore environment is complex and changeable, especially in the offshore and deep sea areas, which are often accompanied by extreme weather conditions such as strong winds and waves, bringing huge challenges to offshore installation operations. Traditional offshore installation equipment is mostly fixed or non-modular in structure, and cannot flexibly respond to different operational needs.

[0003] At present, the installation of offshore facilities generally relies on large floating platforms or fixed structures, which need to be highly stable during operation to cope with severe sea conditions, especially wave interference under strong winds and waves. Traditional installation platforms not only require high flexibility in offshore operations, but also lack effective wave-breaking functions, resulting in low efficiency and poor safety of installation operations under complex sea conditions. At the same time, existing platforms often lack modular design and cannot be flexibly adjusted according to different operating scenarios, resulting in poor adaptability and high cost.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, a modular, movable, and variable-configuration floating installation platform is urgently needed, which can flexibly adjust the structure and scale according to different offshore operation requirements, have good wave-proof functions, and provide a safe and stable operating platform in severe sea conditions. This platform must not only be able to carry and install large-scale marine facilities, but also be reusable, economical and efficient, and adaptable to diverse needs to meet the various operational needs of future marine engineering projects. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater and its operation method, aiming to solve the problems of insufficient mobility, poor flexibility, inability to adapt to complex sea conditions, lack of wave-breaking function, etc. of existing offshore installation platforms. Through modular design and variable configuration, the floating breakwater can not only flexibly adjust the structure according to different operation requirements and sea conditions, but also provide wave protection during the operation process, effectively improving the safety and efficiency of offshore installation operations.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater, comprising a floating unit 1, a ball-jointed connector 2, a mechanical arm 3, a connecting pile 4, a tugboat 5, an auxiliary ship 9, an anchor chain 10 and an anchor head 11; the floating unit 1 is interconnected through the ball-jointed connector 2, the mechanical arm 3, and the connecting pile 4 to form a chain structure or a U-shaped structure; the tugboat 5 and the auxiliary ship 9 are respectively connected to the bow floating unit 1 and the tail floating unit 1 to perform the configuration change between the chain structure and the U-shaped structure; the floating unit 1 can be flexibly combined or disassembled, using a chain structure during towing and forming a U-shaped structure through configuration change during operation.

[0007] Fairleads 8 are arranged around the edges of the floating unit 1; during the transformation operation, the tugboat 5 and the auxiliary ship 9 are connected to the fairleads 8 through the tow cables 6 and the triangular eye plates 7.

[0008] The ball joint connector 2 includes a convex ball joint 14, a concave ball joint 15 and a hydraulic telescopic rod 16; the opening diameter of the concave ball joint 15 is larger than the diameter of the convex ball joint 14, and the inner wall is covered with a flexible cushion layer to buffer the collision during connection; a plurality of hydraulic telescopic rods 16 are arranged on the inner wall of the concave ball joint 15 for locking or releasing; the hydraulic telescopic rod 16 can realize flexible adjustment of rotational damping by adjusting the compression amount of the flexible cushion layer.

[0009] The robotic arm 3 is installed on both sides of the adjacent floating unit 1 to be transformed; the robotic arm 3 includes a multi-degree-of-freedom joint 17 and a clamp 18, which is used for accurately grasping and releasing the connecting pile 4; the clamp 18 is provided with an electromagnetic adsorption device; the ball joint connector 2 completes the connection locking or separation unlocking through the hydraulic telescopic rod 16, and the robotic arm 3 and the clamp 18 cooperate with the connecting pile 4 to complete the final adjustment and fixation of the floating unit 1; after the platform operation is completed, the tugboat 5 tows the bow floating unit 1 through the tow cable 6, so that the platform is transformed from the U-shaped operation form back to the chain structure, and finally returns to the port.

[0010] The floating unit 1 is constructed of FRP seawater and sea sand concrete, with FRP bars 12 embedded inside, which has high strength and corrosion resistance; the optical fiber sensor 13 is integrated in the FRP bars 12 to monitor the health status of the floating unit 1 in real time, including stress, deformation and corrosion parameters.

[0011] The modular movable variable-configuration floating wave-breaking device is used for mooring and positioning of the anchor chain 10 and the anchor head 11 in the operating sea area; the anchor chain 10 is fixed to the seabed through the anchor head 11 for short-term positioning and providing anti-drift support.

[0012] A method for operating a modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater comprises the following steps: assembling a floating unit 1 at a port, connecting adjacent floating units 1 through a ball joint connector 2, and installing a mechanical arm 3 and a connecting pile 4 on the structural edges of adjacent modules to be variable in configuration; towing the floating unit 1 to a designated operating sea area in a chain-connected form through a tugboat 5 and a towline 6; after arriving at the operating sea area, an auxiliary ship 9 connects the rear floating unit 1, reversely tows through the towline 6, gradually decelerates until it stops sailing, and then uses an anchor chain 10 and an anchor head 11 to carry out The modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater is anchored and positioned; then, the variable-configuration operation is performed; first, the ball-jointed connector 2 is unlocked by the hydraulic telescopic rod 16, and the mechanical arm 3 releases the connecting pile 4; the tugboat 5 and the auxiliary ship 9 tow the bow and stern floating units 1 to rotate sideways, and when the other side of the floating unit 1 approaches the target floating unit 1, the mechanical arm 3 grabs the connecting pile 4, and the ball-jointed connector 2 is locked to form a U-shaped operating configuration; after the operation is completed, the floating unit 1 is transformed back to the chain configuration through the above-mentioned operation process, and the tugboat 5 tows the platform back to the port to complete the operation task.

[0013] A plurality of sets of mechanical arms 3 and connecting piles 4 are arranged on the adjacent modules.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0015] (1) Flexibility and scalability of modular design: The floating unit can be flexibly expanded or reduced according to specific operational requirements through modular design. This flexibility not only improves the adaptability of the installation platform, but also enables offshore operations of different scales to be carried out smoothly in different environments, reducing equipment investment and operating costs.

[0016] (2) Variable configuration improves operational efficiency and safety: Through the design of the robotic arm and the connecting pile, the external module can achieve rapid configuration change. The robotic arm can grab the connecting pile and change the arrangement of the floating unit according to operational requirements. Under the traction of the tugboat, the platform can quickly change from a chain structure to a U-shaped structure to adapt to different operational scenarios. This design simplifies the configuration change operation and significantly improves operational efficiency.

[0017] (3) Reusability and economic advantages: The modular floating breakwater is highly reusable and can be used repeatedly in multiple projects, significantly reducing construction costs and time. It can also carry the facilities and energy devices required for offshore equipment installation. The system reduces dependence on onshore port infrastructure, improves installation efficiency, and has strong economic and environmental benefits.

[0018] In summary, the present invention provides a flexible, efficient and safe offshore floating breakwater through modular and variable configuration design, which is adaptable to different operating environments and has important application value and economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic top view of the towing process of a modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater.

[0020] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic front view of the towing process of a modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater according to the present invention, wherein the upper dotted line represents the sea level.

[0021] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic top view of a modular movable and variable-configuration floating breakwater for mooring.

[0022] Figure 4 The diagram is a top view schematically showing the configuration change stage of a modular movable configuration-changeable floating breakwater according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 The diagram is a top view of a modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater of the present invention after the completed configuration change.

[0024] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic top view of a modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater during operation.

[0025] Figure 7 The present invention is a schematic side view of a modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater during operation.

[0026] The upper dotted line represents the sea level, and the lower thick solid line represents the seabed.

[0027] Figure 8 The present invention is a schematic top view of a sectional view of a floating unit of a modular, movable and variable-configuration floating breakwater.

[0028] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of a ball joint connector of a modular, movable and variable-configuration floating breakwater pier according to the present invention.

[0029] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of a mechanical arm of a modular, movable and variable-configuration floating breakwater according to the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1-floating unit; 2-ball joint connector; 3-mechanical arm; 4-connecting pile; 5-tugboat; 6-tow cable; 7-triangular eye plate; 8-fairguide; 9-auxiliary ship; 10-anchor chain; 11-anchor head; 12-FRP tendon; 13-optical fiber sensor; 14-convex ball joint; 15-concave ball joint; 16-hydraulic telescopic rod; 17-joint; 18-grip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] A modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater comprises: a floating unit 1, a ball joint connector 2, a mechanical arm 3, a connecting pile 4, a tugboat 5, a towline 6, a triangular eye plate 7, a fairlead 8, an auxiliary ship 9, an anchor chain 10, and an anchor head 11.

[0033] The floating unit 1 includes: FRP ribs 12 and optical fiber sensors 13 .

[0034] The ball joint connector 2 includes: a convex ball joint 14 , a concave ball joint 15 , and a hydraulic telescopic rod 16 .

[0035] The mechanical arm 3 includes a joint 17 and a clamp 18 .

[0036] The floating unit 1 is the core component of the modular, movable and variable-configuration floating breakwater. It can be flexibly combined or split according to specific operational requirements to form a chain-connected form during towing or a U-shaped encirclement form during installation operations. During the towing stage, the floating unit adopts a chain-connected form, and its compact arrangement design effectively reduces the wave-facing area. Even if the number of floating units increases, the hydrodynamic resistance will not increase significantly, thereby reducing the towing energy consumption and avoiding additional burden on the tugboat 5, while ensuring the stability and safety of the towing. During the installation operation stage, the floating units 1 at the head and tail of the platform are transformed through the flexible cooperation of the tugboat 5, the auxiliary ship 9, the ball joint connector 2, the mechanical arm 3, and the connecting pile 4 to form a U-shaped encirclement form. This form can effectively resist wave impact from multiple directions, reduce the interference of waves on the operating area, and provide a more stable and safe working environment for the installation of offshore equipment.

[0037] Each floating unit 1 also has a storage function, which can store mechanical equipment and power supply facilities required for offshore equipment installation; the floating unit 1 is constructed with FRP seawater and sea sand concrete material, and FRP bars 12 are embedded inside. This design significantly improves the strength and corrosion resistance of the floating structure and adapts to the harsh marine environment. At the same time, the fiber optic sensor 13 is integrated in the FRP bar 12, so that the floating unit 1 has an intelligent self-sensing function, which can monitor the health of the structure in real time and provide accurate feedback on key parameters including stress, deformation and corrosion. This design not only extends the service life of the floating unit, but also provides important technical guarantees for the safe construction of offshore facilities.

[0038] The ball joint connector 2 is composed of a convex ball joint 14, a concave ball joint 15 and a hydraulic telescopic rod 16, and is used to connect adjacent floating units 1. Convex ball joints 14 and concave ball joints 15 are installed on both sides of each floating unit 1 to achieve modular connection; in addition, convex ball joints 14 and concave ball joints 15 are also installed on the sides of the structure of the modules that need to be transformed at the head and tail for the transformation of the platform. The opening diameter of the concave ball joint 15 is designed to be larger than the diameter of the convex ball joint 14, so that the convex ball joint is inserted smoothly. The inner wall of the concave ball joint 15 is covered with a flexible cushion layer to mitigate the collision during the connection process, and multiple hydraulic telescopic rods 16 are evenly arranged, and each hydraulic telescopic rod has a part of a flexible cushion layer at the end.

[0039] When adjacent floating units 1 are connected, the male ball joint 14 is inserted into the female ball joint 15, and the hydraulic telescopic rod 16 begins to extend synchronously, and the flexible cushion layer at its end gradually fits the surface of the male ball joint until it is completely locked to achieve a stable connection. At the same time, by controlling the extension of the hydraulic telescopic rod 16, the compression of the flexible cushion layer can be adjusted, thereby changing the rotation damping characteristics of the ball joint connector to meet different operation requirements.

[0040] When it is necessary to separate adjacent floating units 1, the hydraulic telescopic rod 16 is contracted synchronously to separate the male ball joint 14 from the female ball joint 15, thus completing the module separation operation. This design ensures the high efficiency of the connection and separation of the floating units, while improving the stability and impact resistance of the module connection, and adapting to various operation scenarios under complex sea conditions.

[0041] The modular movable and variable-configuration floating breakwater is towed from the port to the offshore equipment installation area by a tugboat 5 via a tow cable 6; the triangular eye plate 7 and the fairlead 8 are used to connect and guide the tow cable to ensure uniform force during towing and reduce drift caused by waves or wind; the fairlead 8 is arranged on the structural edges of the bow and stern floating units 1, so that the floating units 1 can be connected to the tugboat 5 and the auxiliary ship 9 as a towing connection module.

[0042] During the installation of offshore equipment, the auxiliary ship 9 is used to support the platform's suspension of navigation, as well as the adjustment and configuration change of modules; in addition, the auxiliary ship 9 can also be used as a tugboat to complete the towing work of the platform.

[0043] The anchor chain 10 and the anchor head 11 are used for mooring and positioning of the modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater when it arrives at the offshore equipment installation sea area, and have the advantages of simple and convenient short-term mooring, and are very suitable for the mooring of the modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater of the present invention.

[0044] The mechanical arm 3 and the connecting post 4 are respectively installed on the adjacent transformable modules of the platform, and are used to assist the transformable operation of the platform; two mechanical arms 3 and connecting posts 4 are installed between adjacent transformable modules. The mechanical arm 3 is composed of multiple joints 17 and grippers 18, and has flexible movement capabilities with multiple degrees of freedom, and can realize accurate grasping and release of the connecting post 4, thereby completing the flexible connection and separation between modules.

[0045] The gripper 18 is equipped with an electromagnetic adsorption device, which can adjust the strength of the electromagnetic force according to the operation requirements to ensure stable grasping and releasing operations under different sea conditions. During the transformation process, the tugboat 5 and the auxiliary ship 9 cooperate with the action of the mechanical arm 3, and through traction and auxiliary adjustment, the module is transformed from a chain connection form to a U-shaped operation form. The high flexibility and precise control ability of the mechanical arm make the transformation operation efficient and reliable, and can be successfully completed in a complex marine environment.

[0046] When the platform arrives at the offshore equipment installation area, the auxiliary ship 9 connects to the tail module through the tow cable 6, and reversely pulls the platform to gradually slow down until it stops completely, and then drops anchor to position the platform and provide stable conditions for subsequent operations.

[0047] When the platform is undergoing conformational transformation, the tugboat 5 and the auxiliary ship 9 respectively pull the sideways of the bow and stern modules of the platform to provide external force support for the conformational transformation. The conformational transformation process first starts with the separation of a mechanical arm 3 and the connecting pile 4 between the conformational transformation modules, and at the same time, the ball-joint connector 2 is unlocked and separated under the action of the hydraulic telescopic rod. Under the lateral traction of the tugboat 5 and the auxiliary ship 9, the bow and stern conformational transformation modules begin to rotate around their connection points. As the bow and stern modules gradually rotate, the other side of the module gradually approaches the other side of the adjacent module. When approaching the specified position, the mechanical arm 3 flexibly adjusts its position, and uses the clamp 18 to absorb and grab the connecting pile 4 to achieve precise connection between the two modules. At the same time, the ball-joint connector 2 completes the locking operation to form a new structural form, thereby completing the conformational transformation of the platform.

[0048] After the operation is completed, the platform transforms the module from the current form back to the chain form according to the above operating principle. The mechanical arm and the connecting pile are separated, the ball joint connector is unlocked, and the tugboat 5 tows the platform head to gradually restore the chain connection arrangement. Finally, the tugboat 5 tows the platform back to the port safely and prepares for the next operation. This design ensures the efficiency and accuracy of the transformation operation, while providing flexible operation form conversion capabilities to meet the needs of various complex marine operations.

[0049] Figure 1 and Figure 2It shows that multiple floating units 1 are connected in a chain form through ball joint connectors 2 to form a stable towing structure. The tugboat 5 is connected to the bow floating unit 1 through the towing cable 6 to ensure that the floating unit remains balanced during the towing process. The triangular eye plate 7 and the fairlead 8 are used to guide and fix the towing cable to prevent drifting caused by waves or wind during the towing process.

[0050] Figure 3 The floating unit is shown to be stopped and positioned in the operating sea area through two anchor chains and anchor heads. The auxiliary ship 9 is connected to the tail module through the towline 6 and the triangular eye plate 7, approaches the operating sea area and gradually stops, and drops anchor to realize the mooring positioning of the platform.

[0051] Figure 4 and Figure 5 It is a top view schematic diagram of the floating unit of the present invention when it is transformed. The tugboat 5 and the auxiliary ship 9 are connected to the sides of the bow and stern floating modules 1 through the towline 6 and the triangular eye plate 7 respectively, and then the mechanical arm 3 on this side releases the connecting pile 4, and the ball joint connector is detached. Under the traction of the tugboat 5 and the auxiliary ship 9, the floating unit is transformed from the chain structure to the U-shaped structure through rotational movement. The mechanical arm 3 on the other side grabs the connecting pile 4, and the ball joint connector is locked to complete the transformation of the U-shaped deformation form of the platform.

[0052] Figure 6 and Figure 7 The top view of the floating breakwater during operation is shown. The tugboat 5 and the auxiliary ship 9 are unmoored, and the floating unit is transformed into a U-shaped structure, which surrounds the operation area, provides a wave-breaking function, and ensures the safety and stability of the operation.

[0053] Figure 8 It is a top view cross-sectional schematic diagram of the floating unit 1. The floating unit 1 is made of seawater and sea sand concrete material, with FRP ribs 12 embedded inside, and the optical fiber sensor 13 is integrated in the FRP ribs 12, which can improve the strength and corrosion resistance of the structure and increase the intelligent self-sensing performance.

[0054] Fig. 9 The ball joint connector 2 includes a convex ball joint 14, a concave ball joint 15, and a hydraulic telescopic rod 16. The opening diameter of the concave ball joint 15 is larger than that of the convex ball joint 14, and the inner wall of the concave ball socket is covered with a flexible cushion layer. The hydraulic telescopic rod 21 is evenly distributed on the inner wall of the concave ball socket, and the end of the rod has a partial flexible cushion layer.

[0055] Fig.10 The schematic diagram of the robot arm 3 includes multiple joints 17, which allow it to move flexibly; the end of the robot arm is a clamp 18, and is equipped with an electromagnetic adsorption device, which can adjust the current strength and use electromagnetic force to adsorb the connection pile 4 to achieve flexible configuration of the platform in the marine environment.

[0056] The present invention is designed to combine the following factors:

[0057] (1) Adaptability to sea conditions and wave-proof capability: The marine environment is complex and changeable, especially in the open sea and deep sea areas, often accompanied by extreme conditions such as strong winds and huge waves. The design of the present invention should fully take these marine environmental factors into account, especially in sea conditions with strong winds and waves. The wave-proof function of the floating unit should be able to effectively reduce the impact of waves on the operating platform and ensure the stability and safety of the installation operation.

[0058] (2) Mobility and adaptability: The mobility of a floating breakwater is one of its important features. The design needs to consider the tugboat's towing capacity and the strength of the tow cable to ensure the stability of the platform during long-distance towing. At the same time, the external module is adapted by grabbing the connecting piles with a mechanical arm. The adaptability design should ensure that it can be smoothly converted from a chain structure to a U-shaped structure under complex sea conditions to adapt to different operational requirements.

[0059] (3) Stability and mooring capacity: The present invention maintains stability in the operating sea area by anchoring, and the stability of the anchoring needs to be considered in the design. The anchoring must be able to withstand changes in ocean currents, wind and tides to ensure that the floating unit will not drift or move during the installation operation, ensuring the accuracy and safety of the construction.

[0060] Designing and implementing a modular, movable, variable-configuration floating breakwater installation process is a detailed and complex process involving multiple key steps. The following is the general operation method of the system:

[0061] First, the floating unit 1 is prepared by using FRP reinforced seawater and sea sand concrete at the port or shipyard, and the optical fiber sensor is integrated into the FRP tendon bundle; then the platform is preassembled, and the internal modules are fixedly connected by the ball joint connector 2 to ensure that the floating unit forms a basic chain structure. At the same time, the equipment and materials required for the offshore installation operation, such as the mechanical arm 3, the connecting pile 4, the towing cable 6, etc., are loaded onto the floating unit to prepare for towing.

[0062] Next, the floating breakwater is towed from the port to the designated operating sea area using a tugboat 5 and a tow cable 6. During the towing process, the triangular eye plate 7 and the fairlead 8 are used to guide and fix the tow cable to ensure the stability and uniform force of the floating unit during towing and prevent the structure from shaking or deflecting.

[0063] After arriving at the operating sea area, mooring and positioning begins. By dropping anchor, the floating breakwater remains fixed during the operation to prevent drifting.

[0064] After the anchoring is completed, the floating unit is subjected to the configuration change operation. First, at the joint point of the configuration change module, the manipulator 3 is operated to gradually release its grip on the connecting pile 4. At the same time, the ball-jointed connector 2 is unlocked and separated under the action of the hydraulic telescopic rod, so that the configuration change module has the freedom of rotation. The tugboat 5 and the auxiliary ship 9 are respectively connected and towed by the bow and stern configuration change modules, and the floating unit gradually begins to rotate around the anchor point by applying lateral traction. At this time, the chain shape of the platform gradually transitions to a U-shaped shape. When the other side of the configuration change module approaches the target position, the manipulator 3 uses the clamp 18 to grab the connecting pile 4 and adjust it to the optimal docking angle. At the same time, the ball-jointed connector 2 is driven by the hydraulic telescopic rod to achieve a locking operation to ensure that the connection between the modules is stable. After all modules are adjusted and locked, the floating unit is transformed into a U-shaped shape to form a breakwater around the operating area. This shape can effectively resist the impact of waves from multiple directions and provide a stable operating platform for equipment installation operations.

[0065] Finally, after the installation task is completed, the floating unit is restored to a chain structure through a mechanical arm, the mooring system is released, and it is towed again by a tugboat and returned to the port for subsequent maintenance or preparation for the next operation. The modular design of the present invention enables the dock to be reused, with high efficiency and flexibility in operation.

[0066] The entire construction and installation process is simple and efficient, and can be flexibly adjusted according to different operational requirements to ensure a stable and safe operating platform under complex sea conditions.

Claims

1. A modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater, characterized in that: The modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater comprises a floating unit (1), a ball-jointed connector (2), a mechanical arm (3), a connecting pile (4), a tugboat (5), an auxiliary ship (9), an anchor chain (10) and an anchor head (11); the floating units (1) are connected to each other via the ball-jointed connector (2), the mechanical arm (3) and the connecting pile (4) to form a chain structure or a U-shaped structure; the tugboat (5) and the auxiliary ship (9) are respectively connected to the bow floating unit (1) and the stern floating unit (1) to perform a configuration change between the chain structure and the U-shaped structure; the floating units (1) can be flexibly combined or disassembled, adopt a chain structure during towing, and form a U-shaped structure through configuration change during operation.

2. The modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Fairleads (8) are arranged around the edges of the floating unit (1); during the configuration change operation, the tugboat (5) and the auxiliary ship (9) are connected to the fairleads (8) via towing cables (6) and triangular eye plates (7).

3. The modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ball joint connector (2) comprises a convex ball joint (14), a concave ball joint (15) and a hydraulic telescopic rod (16); the opening diameter of the concave ball joint (15) is larger than the diameter of the convex ball joint (14), and the inner wall is covered with a flexible cushion layer to buffer collision during connection; a plurality of hydraulic telescopic rods (16) are arranged on the inner wall of the concave ball joint (15) for locking or releasing; the hydraulic telescopic rod (16) can achieve flexible adjustment of rotation damping by adjusting the compression amount of the flexible cushion layer.

4. The modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The mechanical arm (3) is installed on both sides of the adjacent floating unit (1) to be transformed; the mechanical arm (3) includes a multi-degree-of-freedom joint (17) and a clamp (18) for accurately grasping and releasing the connecting pile (4); the clamp (18) is provided with an electromagnetic adsorption device; the ball joint connector (2) completes the connection locking or separation unlocking through the hydraulic telescopic rod (16), and the mechanical arm (3) and the clamp (18) cooperate with the connecting pile (4) to complete the final adjustment and fixation of the floating unit (1); after the platform operation is completed, the tugboat (5) tows the bow floating unit (1) through the towing cable (6), so that the platform is transformed from the U-shaped operation form back to the chain structure, and finally returns to the port.

5. The modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The floating unit (1) is constructed of FRP seawater sand concrete, with FRP bars (12) embedded inside, and has high strength and corrosion resistance; the FRP bars (12) are integrated with optical fiber sensors (13) for real-time monitoring of the health status of the floating unit (1), including stress, deformation and corrosion parameters.

6. The modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The modular movable variable-configuration floating wave-breaking device is used for mooring and positioning of an anchor chain (10) and an anchor head (11) in an operating sea area; the anchor chain (10) is fixed to the seabed through the anchor head (11) for short-term positioning and providing anti-drift support.

7. An operating method of a modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The floating unit (1) is assembled at the port, and the adjacent floating units (1) are connected by ball joint connectors (2), and the mechanical arm (3) and the connecting pile (4) are respectively installed on the structural edges of the adjacent modules to be transformed; the floating unit (1) is towed to the designated operating sea area in a chain-connected form by a tugboat (5) and a towline (6); after arriving at the operating sea area, the auxiliary ship (9) is connected to the rear floating unit (1), and reversely towed by the towline (6), gradually slowing down until stopping, and then the modular movable variable-configuration floating breakwater is operated by the anchor chain (10) and the anchor head (11). Anchoring and positioning; then, a transformation operation is performed; first, the ball joint connector (2) is unlocked by the hydraulic telescopic rod (16), and the mechanical arm (3) releases the connecting pile (4); the tugboat (5) and the auxiliary ship (9) tow the bow and stern floating units (1) to rotate sideways, and when the other side of the floating unit (1) approaches the target floating unit (1), the mechanical arm (3) grabs the connecting pile (4), and the ball joint connector (2) is locked to form a U-shaped operation shape; after the operation is completed, the floating unit (1) is transformed back to the chain shape through the above operation process, and the tugboat (5) tows the platform back to the port to complete the operation task.

8. The operating method according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of sets of mechanical arms (3) and connecting piles (4) are arranged on the adjacent modules.

Images