Turbine-driven centralizer for well wall finishing

Abstract

The invention discloses a turbine-driven centralizer for well wall finishing. The turbine-driven centralizer comprises a fixed mechanism, a movable mechanism and an anti-inversion mechanism. The fixed mechanism is connected with the movable mechanism through an anti-inversion mechanism; the fixing mechanism comprises a solid drill rod and a turbine stator; and the turbine stator is fixedly mounted on the solid drill rod. According to the turbine-driven centralizer for well wall finishing, dependence of transmission power of a drill column is broken through, uninterrupted well wall finishing operation in the whole well drilling process is achieved, irregular well holes caused by necking and collapse due to well wall instability are finished, and a cuttings bed is cleaned in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas, and in particular relates to a turbine driven centralizer for well wall repair. Background Art

[0002] With the in-depth exploration and development of oil, drilling has developed towards deep wells and special process wells. During the drilling process, due to geological and engineering factors, the formation rock interacts with the drilling fluid, the wellbore rock will undergo hydration, and the wellbore will experience instability such as shrinkage, collapse, and irregular wellbore, resulting in complicated accidents such as stuck drill, stuck casing, and electrical measuring instruments, and increased drilling costs and operation cycles. Therefore, in order to ensure that the wellbore is unobstructed, it is necessary to carry out well clearance operations during drilling operations, logging, casing, and other downhole operations, that is, to lower the drill bit into the well. When the drilling encounters resistance, the drilling fluid can be circulated or the eye can be reamed, and the drilling operation and downhole pipe string tools can be carried out. During the well clearance operation, the wellbore trimmer can be used in conjunction with other drilling tools to trim the wellbore, providing good wellbore conditions for later downhole operations such as tripping, casing, and logging.

[0003] Most of the existing wellbore repair tools use drill pipes or stabilizers (tools that stabilize downhole drilling tools and prevent deflection, connected to a section of the drill pipe column near the large-diameter drilling tool, and used to stabilize the drilling direction) as the tool body, and the blades are welded to the body to perform wellbore repair while drilling. The power source of existing wellbore repair tools is limited to the power transmitted by the rotation of the drill string. When the drill string stops rotating in the stop drilling state, the wellbore repair tool has no power drive and stops working. It is impossible to clean the irregular protruding wellbore in time, which greatly increases the probability of the stabilizer getting stuck when drilling, reduces the drilling efficiency, and during the well operation, the rotation of the drill string is easy to scratch a new wellbore, causing drilling accidents. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the existing wellbore dressing tools rely on the drill string to transmit power and cannot dress the wellbore in the stopped drilling state, which is easy to cause accidents such as the drill stuck in the centralizer, and the wellbore protrusion, diameter reduction and various rock cuttings bed phenomena that occur during the stopped operation. In order to ensure that the wellbore can be cleaned and dressed in a timely and effective manner, and to ensure that the drilling, casing and cementing quality meet the standards, it is inevitable to invent a wellbore dressing matching tool in the oil drilling process.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention discloses a turbine driven centralizer for well wall dressing, comprising: a fixing mechanism, a movable mechanism and an anti-reversal mechanism;

[0006] The fixed mechanism and the movable mechanism are connected via an anti-reversal mechanism;

[0007] The fixing mechanism includes a solid drill rod and a turbine stator;

[0008] The turbine stator is fixedly mounted on the solid drill rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixing mechanism further comprises: a first interface, a second interface and a threaded interface;

[0010] The first interface and the second interface have the same structure, both of which are in the shape of a circular tube;

[0011] The first end of the first interface is provided with a threaded interface, and the second end is fixedly connected to one end of a solid drill rod;

[0012] The other end of the solid drill rod passes through the movable mechanism and is fixedly connected to the second end of the second interface;

[0013] The first end of the second interface is provided with a threaded interface;

[0014] The turbine stator is located between the first interface and the second interface.

[0015] Furthermore, the fixing mechanism further comprises: a drilling fluid channel and a diversion hole;

[0016] The first interface and the second interface are both provided with cylindrical drilling fluid channels;

[0017] The second ends of the first interface and the second interface are both provided with a plurality of through-going guide holes;

[0018] The plurality of guide holes are distributed in an annular shape; the guide holes are annular holes;

[0019] The diversion hole is communicated with the drilling fluid channel;

[0020] After the drilling fluid from the ground flows into the drilling fluid channel of the first interface, it flows out from the second end of the first interface through the diversion hole.

[0021] Furthermore, the movable mechanism includes: a centralizer housing and a turbine rotor;

[0022] The centralizer housing is tubular;

[0023] The turbine rotor is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the centralizer housing.

[0024] Furthermore, the movable mechanism further comprises: a reverse blade wing and a forward blade wing;

[0025] The reverse blade and the forward blade each comprise a head end, a body and a tail end;

[0026] The reverse blade and the forward blade are arranged on the outer wall of the centralizer housing;

[0027] The reverse blade is arranged above the forward blade, and the rear end of the reverse blade is connected to the front end of the forward blade;

[0028] The reverse blade or the forward blade is spiral.

[0029] Furthermore, the angle between the reverse blade or the forward blade and the axial direction ranges from 10 to 50°;

[0030] The fixed spacing between one of the reverse blades and another adjacent reverse blade is 30 to 100 mm;

[0031] The fixed spacing between one of the forward blades and another adjacent forward blade is 30 to 100 mm.

[0032] Furthermore, the head end and the tail end of the reverse blade wing and the forward blade wing are both arranged in a slope shape, and the angle between the slope surface and the axial direction ranges from 45° to 75°;

[0033] The main body cross sections of the reverse blade wing and the forward blade wing are both trapezoidal.

[0034] Furthermore, the movable mechanism further comprises: a flow guiding cavity;

[0035] A guide cavity is formed between adjacent reverse blades or forward blades;

[0036] The flow guiding cavity is trapezoidal.

[0037] Furthermore, it also includes: a leak-proof gasket;

[0038] The anti-leakage gasket is arranged between the turbine stator and the turbine rotor and between the centralizer housing and the first interface and the second interface.

[0039] Furthermore, it also includes: an anti-movement fixture;

[0040] The anti-movement fixture is ring-shaped;

[0041] The anti-movement fixtures are respectively fixedly mounted on the outer walls of the first interface and the second interface, and are in contact with the centralizer housing to prevent the centralizer housing from axial displacement.

[0042] Furthermore, the anti-reversal mechanism includes: embedded spring teeth and fixed teeth;

[0043] The embedded spring teeth are mounted on the inner wall of the turbine rotor;

[0044] The fixed teeth are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the solid drill rod;

[0045] The embedded spring teeth correspond to the fixed teeth one by one and in opposite directions;

[0046] The embedded spring teeth are rotatably connected to the fixed teeth.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages: during top drive drilling operation, the turbine stator obtains the torque transmitted by the upper drill string, and the entire tool performs "revolution". In addition, the drilling fluid flows through the turbine rotor, and the mechanical energy converted from the hydraulic energy of the drilling fluid drives the spiral blades on the outer wall of the stabilizer to rotate, and the entire tool performs "autorotation". The hydraulic energy provided by the drilling fluid to the turbine is converted into mechanical energy through the turbine stator and the turbine rotor. Secondly, the solid drill rod is used to provide mechanical energy for the rotating part of the turbine rotor through the anti-reversal mechanism. The dual effects ensure that the rotation power of the device is greater and the rotation cutting efficiency is higher. The tool has an anti-deflection effect while repairing the well wall. During the stop drilling and well clearing operation, the drill string rotates to easily drill a new wellbore. During the well clearing operation, the tool of the present invention controls the drilling pump so that the drilling fluid flow rate reaches the critical value of the tool turbine rotor rotation. The spiral blades on the outer wall rotate to trim the micro-steps and micro-doglegs of the well wall. Compared with the drilling fluid flow rate limit value required for the screw drill tool drive, the drilling fluid flow rate limit value required for the turbine drive is smaller.

[0048] During bottom driving operation, it is necessary to trim the wellbore section, control the drilling pump so that the drilling fluid flow rate is the flow rate required for the turbine-driven centralizer operation, and the tool works to achieve the wellbore trimming and anti-deflection effect while drilling; during the stop drilling and well clearance operation, it is only necessary to turn on the drilling fluid pump, so that the drilling fluid pumped into the wellbore can drive the tool to perform uninterrupted wellbore wall repair operations, and achieve wellbore wall trimming during the well clearance process; during drilling, when there is no need to perform wellbore wall trimming, control the drilling pump so that the drilling fluid flow rate is the minimum drilling fluid flow rate for the turbine-driven centralizer operation to the minimum drilling fluid flow rate for the screw drilling tool operation, so that the tool does not trim the wellbore wall, but only plays an anti-deflection role;

[0049] The outer wall of the centralizer is designed with two sets of blades in positive and negative directions, which make the drilling fluid flow at high speed along the fixed flow channel to produce hydraulic disturbance on the cuttings bed and mud cake on the inner wall of the wellbore, further cleaning the wellbore and repairing the well wall.

[0050] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0052] Figure 1It shows a schematic structural diagram of a turbine-driven centralizer for well wall dressing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a turbine stator according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0054] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a centralizer housing according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0055] Figure 4 Shown along Figure 3 The cross-sectional view of line BB in FIG.

[0056] Figure 5 Shown along Figure 1 Sectional view along line AA.

[0057] Figure numerals: 1. first interface; 2. stabilizer housing; 3. turbine stator; 4. drilling fluid channel; 5. guide hole; 6. solid drill pipe; 7. leak-proof gasket; 8. turbine rotor; 9. anti-movement fixture; 10. threaded interface; 11. guide cavity; 12. reverse blade; 13. forward blade; 14. embedded spring tooth; 15. fixed tooth; 16. second interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 1 FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a turbine driven centralizer for well wall finishing according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, a turbine-driven centralizer for well wall dressing proposed by the present invention comprises: a fixing mechanism, a movable mechanism and an anti-reversal mechanism;

[0060] The fixed mechanism and the movable mechanism are connected via an anti-reversal mechanism;

[0061] Figure 2 FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a turbine stator according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the fixing mechanism includes a solid drill rod 6 and a turbine stator 3;

[0062] The turbine stator 3 is fixedly mounted on the solid drill rod 6 .

[0063] Exemplarily, the turbine stator 3 is welded to the solid drill pipe 6 to ensure stable torque transmission between the two and improve the service life of the equipment.

[0064] The fixing mechanism is used to transmit the power provided by the turntable and rotates along with the rotation of the center drill rod 6 during operation;

[0065] The movable mechanism is used to drive the centralizer housing 2 to rotate and trim the well wall under the dual effects of the turntable power transmitted by the fixed mechanism and the hydraulic energy of the drilling fluid;

[0066] The anti-reversal mechanism is used to drive the movable mechanism to rotate and trim the well wall through the cooperation between the embedded spring teeth 14 and the fixed teeth 15 when the hydraulic energy of the drilling fluid cannot make the movable mechanism rotate;

[0067] Solid drill rod 6, used to ensure normal operation under strong torsional force and transmit the power brought by the turntable;

[0068] The turbine stator 3 is used to change the flow direction of the annular space liquid flow, provide a high-speed liquid flow in a certain direction for the turbine rotor 8, and impact the rotor blades to make the turbine rotor 8 rotate at a high speed.

[0069] In an optional embodiment, a solid drill rod 6 is arranged at the axis of the turbine driven centralizer fixing mechanism to transmit the power of the upper drilling tool to ensure high-intensity rotation under strong torsional force and tensile force.

[0070] The invention provides a turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore dressing, which breaks through the reliance on power transmission by the drill string, realizes uninterrupted wellbore dressing operations during the entire drilling process, dresses irregular wellbores caused by necking and collapse due to wellbore instability, and cleans the cuttings bed in time.

[0071] In some embodiments, the fixing mechanism further includes: a first interface 1, a second interface 16 and a threaded interface 10;

[0072] The first interface 1 and the second interface 16 have the same structure, both in the shape of a circular tube;

[0073] The first end of the first interface 1 is provided with a threaded interface 10, and the second end is fixedly connected to one end of the solid drill rod 6; the first interface 1 is threadedly connected to the upper drilling tool through the threaded interface 10; illustratively, the first end is the top end, and the second end is the bottom end; the first interface 1 and the solid drill rod 6 are connected by welding;

[0074] The other end of the solid drill rod 6 passes through the movable mechanism and is fixedly connected to the second end of the second interface 16; illustratively, the second interface 16 is connected to the solid drill rod 6 by welding;

[0075] The first end of the second interface 16 is provided with a threaded interface 10;

[0076] The turbine stator 3 is located between the first interface 1 and the second interface 16 .

[0077] The first interface 1 is used to connect the upper drill pipe;

[0078] The second interface 16 is used to connect the lower drill pipe;

[0079] The threaded interface 10 is used to be connected to the corresponding upper and lower drill rods through threads.

[0080] In some embodiments, the fixing mechanism further includes: a drilling fluid channel 4 and a diversion hole 5;

[0081] A cylindrical drilling fluid channel 4 is provided at the center of the first interface 1 and the second interface 16;

[0082] The second ends of the first interface 1 and the second interface 16 are both provided with a plurality of through-going guide holes 5;

[0083] like Figure 5 As shown, the plurality of guide holes 5 are distributed in an annular shape; the guide holes 5 are annular holes;

[0084] The diversion hole 5 is connected to the drilling fluid channel 4;

[0085] A drilling fluid channel 4, used to provide a directional channel for the drilling fluid;

[0086] The flow guide hole 5 is used to connect the drilling fluid channel 4 and the annular space.

[0087] After the drilling fluid from the ground flows into the drilling fluid channel 4 of the first interface 1, it flows out from the bottom of the first interface 1 through the guide hole 5 and flows into the annular space between the solid drill pipe 6 and the stabilizer housing 2. Each turbine stator 3 of the turbine corresponds to the turbine rotor 8 one by one, and a fixed inclination angle is set between each pair of stators and rotors. Then, the drilling fluid flows into the turbine stator 3, so that the high-pressure annular drilling fluid column changes its flow direction under the action of the turbine stator 3. After the flow direction is changed, the drilling fluid flows into the turbine rotor 8, giving the turbine rotor 8 a huge liquid flow impact force, driving the stabilizer housing 2 to rotate. After the drilling fluid does work on the turbine rotor 8, it flows into the drilling fluid channel 4 on the second interface 16 through the guide hole 5 on the second interface 16.

[0088] For example, the blade thickness of the turbine stator 3 is 1 to 5 mm, and the angle between the tangent line of the lower end surface of the stator blade and the central axis direction is 10 to 30 degrees; the blade thickness of the turbine rotor 8 is 1 to 5 mm, and the angle between the tangent line of the upper end surface of the rotor blade and the central axis direction is 10 to 30 degrees. The number of blades of the turbine stator 3 and the turbine rotor 8 is 12.

[0089] Preferably, the blade thickness of the turbine stator 3 is 2 mm, and the angle between the tangent line of the lower end surface of the stator blade and the central axis direction is 16°; the blade thickness of the turbine rotor 8 is 2 mm, and the angle between the tangent line of the upper end surface of the rotor blade and the central axis direction is 16°.

[0090] The increase in blade thickness and the number of blades helps to improve the centrifugal effect of the turbine stator 3, the turbine rotor 8 and the drilling fluid flow, and increases the fluid entry action surface area and the fluid effective action area.

[0091] In an optional embodiment, the guide hole 5 is optimized to be an annular hole, so that the drilling fluid can enter the annular space more smoothly and reduce the buffering resistance of the upper shoulder of the annular hole to the drilling fluid while meeting the engineering strength design.

[0092] In some embodiments, the movable mechanism includes: a centralizer housing 2 and a turbine rotor 8;

[0093] The centralizer housing 2 is tubular;

[0094] The turbine rotor 8 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the centralizer housing 2 .

[0095] Exemplarily, the turbine rotor 8 is welded to the inner wall of the centralizer housing 2 to form an integral structure.

[0096] The centralizer housing 2 is used for rotating and cutting the well wall, trimming the irregular well wall, discharging the drilling fluid and the carried drilling debris through the guide cavity 11 between the rotating blades, and centralizing the drilling tool;

[0097] The turbine rotor 8 is used for the drilling fluid flow to impact the rotor blades to drive the centralizer housing 2 which is integrated with the turbine rotor 8 to rotate and cut and trim the well wall.

[0098] In addition to driving the turbine rotor 8 through the central drill pipe 6, the drilling fluid hydraulic energy is converted into mechanical energy through the turbine stator 3 and the turbine rotor 8 to rotate.

[0099] In an optional embodiment, the blades of the turbine stator 3 and the turbine rotor 8 are respectively fixed to the solid drill pipe 6 and the stabilizer housing 2 with positive and negative tilts, and an angle is formed between the upper and lower turbine stators 3 and the inclined blades of the turbine rotor 8, so as to change the direction of the high-pressure drilling fluid, so that the drilling fluid impacts the blades of the turbine rotor 8 to drive the stabilizer housing 2 to rotate. Through the above-mentioned matching design, the hydraulic energy brought by the drilling fluid can be better converted, thereby improving the efficiency of the stabilizer rotating to repair the well wall.

[0100] Figure 3 FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the centralizer housing according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the movable mechanism further includes: a reverse blade wing 12 and a forward blade wing 13;

[0101] The reverse blade wing 12 and the forward blade wing 13 each include a head end, a body and a tail end;

[0102] The plurality of reverse blades 12 and the plurality of forward blades 13 are arranged on the outer wall of the centralizer housing 2;

[0103] The reverse blade wing 12 is arranged above the forward blade wing 13, and the reverse blade wing 12 corresponds to the forward blade wing 13 one by one, and the end of the reverse blade wing 12 is connected to the head end of the forward blade wing 13; one reverse blade wing 12 and one forward blade wing 13 are in a "<" shape as a whole;

[0104] The reverse blade wing 12 or the forward blade wing 13 is spiral.

[0105] The reverse blades 12 are used to form a flow guide cavity 11 with a certain direction between the blades, so that the flow direction and flow state of the drilling fluid are changed. The large number of vortices formed have a strong impact and disturbance effect on the cuttings bed and mud cake, so as to achieve the purpose of wellbore cleaning and blade cutting of the well wall;

[0106] The forward blades 13 are used to form a flow guide cavity 11 with a certain direction between the blades, so that the flow direction and flow state of the drilling fluid are changed. The large number of vortices formed have a strong impact and disturbance effect on the cuttings bed and mud cake, achieving the purpose of wellbore cleaning and blade cutting of the well wall.

[0107] For example, Figure 3 As shown, there are 10 reverse blades 12 disposed and located at the upper portion of the outer wall of the centralizer housing 2 ; there are 10 forward blades 13 disposed and located at the lower portion of the outer wall of the centralizer housing 2 .

[0108] Although the above description is made by taking 10 reverse blades 12 and 10 forward blades 13 as an example, the present invention is not limited thereto, and different numbers can be designed, such as 6, 8, 12, etc. Those skilled in the art can comprehensively consider the cutting principle of the present invention and the actual application situation, as long as the principle of the present invention can be realized.

[0109] The outer wall of the centralizer housing 2 is configured as an upper and lower part, and spiral positive and negative trapezoidal blades are welded on the surfaces of the two parts respectively. The reverse blade 12 and the positive blade 13 are butted at the beginning and end points to form a flow guide cavity 11, which changes the flow state of the drilling fluid from the original laminar flow state to turbulent flow, increases the return flow rate of the drilling fluid, and prevents the accumulation of drill cuttings in the drilling fluid flow channel 4. The diameter of the centralizer housing 2 is selected to be consistent with the diameter of the drill bit, which plays an anti-deflection role.

[0110] The centralizer housing 2 is composed of two spiral centralizer outer walls, and the cutting blades of the two spiral centralizer outer walls are designed to be in two directions, and the two groups of blade ports are arranged in an aligned manner.

[0111] In some embodiments, the angle between the reverse blade 12 or the forward blade 13 and the axial direction is in the range of 10 to 50°; because the speed of the centralizer at the flow channel gradually decreases with the increase of the blade spiral angle, in order to achieve a larger flow velocity, the blade spiral angle is as small as possible. However, the smaller the spiral angle, the smaller the flow area, which is not conducive to the discharge of cuttings, and the scraping effect on the well wall is worse, so different spiral blade angles should be selected according to specific conditions in field applications.

[0112] Exemplarily, the angle between the reverse blade wing 12 or the forward blade wing 13 and the axial direction is 40°.

[0113] The fixed spacing between one reverse blade wing 12 and another adjacent reverse blade wing 12 is 30 to 100 mm; preferably, the fixed spacing is 50 mm;

[0114] The fixed spacing between one forward blade 13 and another adjacent forward blade 13 is 30 to 100 mm. Preferably, the fixed spacing is 50 mm;

[0115] The fixed spacing between adjacent blades is set to 30-100 mm to ensure that the debris cut by the blades of the centralizer is carried away by the drilling fluid, and on the basis of a certain drilling speed, a vortex shape can be better formed to better drive the flow of drill cuttings.

[0116] In some embodiments, the head and tail ends of the reverse blade 12 and the forward blade 13 are both arranged in a slope shape, and the angle between the slope surface and the axial direction or the outer wall of the centralizer housing 2 is in the range of 45 to 75° (preferably, the angle is 65°); Studies have found that the fluid displacement reaches 2m 3 / min, the theoretical swirl length can reach about 10m, and the flow conduction capacity is stronger.

[0117] The main horizontal cross-sections of the reverse blade wing 12 and the forward blade wing 13 are both trapezoidal.

[0118] The main cross-sections of the reverse blade 12 and the forward blade 13 on the outer wall of the stabilizer are set to be trapezoidal, so that the guide cavity 11 also presents a trapezoidal groove, which has a small swirl attenuation effect, and the edges and corners are rounded into a large-angle arc during processing, which increases the passing speed of the drilling fluid and achieves a better impact cleaning effect on the well wall. The outer diameter of the stabilizer is equal to the drill bit size, and the effect of repairing the well wall and straightening and preventing deflection is better.

[0119] The front and rear ends of the blade are arranged in a slope shape to prevent the interaction force between the well wall and the blade from damaging the blade during the rotary cutting process.

[0120] In some embodiments, the movable mechanism further includes: a flow guiding cavity 11;

[0121] An upper flow guide cavity 11 is formed between adjacent reverse blades 12;

[0122] A lower guide cavity 11 is formed between adjacent forward blades 13;

[0123] The horizontal cross section of the flow guiding cavity 11 is trapezoidal.

[0124] The upper guide cavity 11 and the lower guide cavity 11 are in a "<" shape as a whole.

[0125] The flow guide cavity 11 is used as a flow channel for the drilling fluid to return and ensure the smooth return of the drilling fluid and drilling debris.

[0126] In some embodiments, the turbine-driven centralizer for well wall finishing further comprises: a leak-proof gasket 7;

[0127] The anti-leakage gasket 7 is arranged between the turbine stator 3 and the turbine rotor 8 and between the centralizer housing 2 and the first interface 1 and the second interface 16 .

[0128] Exemplarily, the material of the leakproof gasket 7 is a polytetrafluoroethylene gasket, which has many excellent qualities such as high and low temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and weather resistance, low friction coefficient, excellent electrical insulation, self-lubrication and non-adhesion.

[0129] The leak-proof gasket 7 is used to prevent the leakage of drilling fluid.

[0130] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the turbine-driven centralizer for well wall dressing further includes: an anti-movement fixture 9;

[0131] The anti-movement fixture 9 is ring-shaped;

[0132] The two anti-movement fixtures 9 are respectively fixedly mounted on the outer walls of the first interface 1 and the second interface 16 , and abut against the centralizer housing 2 to prevent the centralizer housing 2 from axial displacement.

[0133] The anti-movement fixture 9 is used to limit the centralizer housing 2 to prevent it from vibrating up and down during operation.

[0134] Exemplarily, the anti-movement fixture 9 is welded to the outer wall of the second interface 16 .

[0135] Although the above description is exemplified by taking the anti-movement fixture 9 as being installed on the outer wall of the second interface 16 by welding, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it can adopt a variety of installation forms, such as threaded connection, riveted connection, key connection, etc. Those skilled in the art can comprehensively consider the limiting principle of the present invention and the actual application situation, as long as the principle of the present invention can be realized.

[0136] Figure 4 Shown along Figure 3 The cross-sectional view of the BB line in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the anti-reversal mechanism includes: embedded spring teeth 14 and fixed teeth 15;

[0137] A plurality of said embedded spring teeth 14 are mounted on the inner wall of the turbine rotor 8;

[0138] The plurality of fixed teeth 15 are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the solid drill rod 6;

[0139] The embedded spring teeth 14 correspond to the fixed teeth 15 one by one and in opposite directions;

[0140] The embedded spring teeth 14 are rotatably connected to the fixed teeth 15 .

[0141] When the drilling fluid hydraulic energy drives the centralizer to rotate at a higher speed than the solid drill pipe 6, the embedded spring teeth 14 will collide with the fixed teeth 15 and will be embedded in the inner cylinder wall connected to the turbine rotor 8 to ensure that the rotation of the turbine centralizer is not affected by the solid drill pipe 6.

[0142] When the drilling fluid hydraulic energy drives the centralizer to rotate at a rate lower than the solid drill pipe 6, when the fixed teeth 15 collide with the embedded spring teeth 14, the fixed teeth 15 drive the embedded spring teeth 14, thereby driving the turbine centralizer housing 2 to rotate.

[0143] Exemplarily, the fixing teeth 15 are welded to the outer wall of the solid drill rod 6 .

[0144] Although the above description is exemplified by taking the example that the fixing teeth 15 are installed on the outer wall of the solid drill rod 6 by welding, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it can adopt various installation forms, such as riveting connection, key connection, etc. Those skilled in the art can comprehensively consider the limiting principle of the present invention and the actual application situation, as long as the principle of the present invention can be realized.

[0145] For example, Figure 4 As shown, there are six embedded spring teeth 14 and six fixed teeth 15 .

[0146] Although the above description is based on the example that the embedded spring teeth 14 and the fixed teeth 15 are respectively provided with 6, the present invention is not limited thereto, and multiple numbers can be provided, such as 5, 7, or 8. Those skilled in the art can comprehensively consider the rotation connection principle of the present invention and the actual application situation, as long as the principle of the present invention can be realized.

[0147] An anti-reversal mechanism composed of an embedded spring tooth 14 and a fixed tooth 15 is arranged between the inner wall of the turbine rotor 8 and the solid drill rod 6. The embedded spring tooth 14 is arranged on the inner wall of the turbine rotor 8. The solid drill rod 6 is welded with fixed teeth 15 in the opposite direction to the embedded spring tooth 14. The same number of fixed teeth 15 can ensure that the turbine rotor 8 can be driven to rotate while the solid drill rod 6 rotates. When the rotation speed of the turbine rotor 8 is greater than the rotation speed of the solid drill rod 6, the rotation of the solid drill rod 6 is not affected.

[0148] The anti-reversal mechanism designed between the inner wall of the turbine rotor 8 and the solid drill rod 6 ensures the mechanical energy transmission between the solid drill rod 6 and the turbine rotor 8. Secondly, when drilling is stopped, it ensures that the rotation of the stabilizer housing 2 does not affect the solid drill rod 6.

[0149] The best installation position of the turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore dressing disclosed in the present invention is between the neutral point (i.e., the position where the drill bit is neither compressed nor pulled underground) and the plunger, so as to avoid the centralizer housing 2 being compressed during drilling. The drilling fluid passes through the diversion cavity 11 in different directions up and down, and the flow direction and flow state of the drilling fluid change. A large number of vortices formed have a strong impact and disturbance effect on the cuttings bed and the mud cake, so as to achieve the purpose of wellbore cleaning and reduce the influence of the irregularity of the wellbore wall on the efficiency of drilling.

[0150] In an optional implementation, a multi-stage turbine is arranged inside the stabilizer. Since the torque generated by a single-stage turbine is too small to meet the on-site work requirements, the multi-stage turbine design can generate mechanical energy that meets the engineering needs, so that the blades on the outer wall of the stabilizer have a better cutting effect.

[0151] It should be noted that Figure 1 In order to exemplarily illustrate the turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore dressing of the present invention, only one stage of turbine (ie, a set of turbine stators 3 and turbine rotors 8) is provided.

[0152] Although the above description is given by taking the setting of a first-stage turbine as an example, the present invention is not limited thereto, and a multi-stage turbine can be provided, such as a second-stage turbine, a third-stage turbine, a fourth-stage turbine, and a fifth-stage turbine. Those skilled in the art can comprehensively consider the cutting working principle of the present invention and the actual application situation, as long as the principle of the present invention can be realized.

[0153] Job status description:

[0154] (1) Wellbore wall repair while drilling

[0155] The turbine driven centralizer drilling tool assembly is subjected to the rotational force of the solid drill pipe 6 of the power transmission device. The turbine driven centralizer drilling tool assembly mainly converts the hydraulic energy of the drilling fluid into mechanical energy to drive the outer wall blade of the centralizer to rotate at high speed to cut the well wall.

[0156] (2) Repair the wellbore wall when drilling is stopped

[0157] When the drilling tools are in the stop drilling state, the tool of the present invention will not affect the solid drill rod 6 under the action of the anti-reversal mechanism, nor will it be subjected to the axial torsion force of the solid drill rod 6. It is only driven by the hydraulic energy of the drilling fluid and rotates around the solid drill rod 6.

[0158] When the supporting tool has no other downhole power drilling tools, the drilling fluid flow rate can be higher than the minimum drilling fluid flow rate for the turbine driven centralizer to operate normally.

[0159] Generally speaking, on the basis of ensuring the minimum flow rate, the drilling fluid can drive the turbine to drive the stabilizer drill bit to rotate, so that the outer wall of the stabilizer and the well wall can rotate and cut, repair irregular well walls, and make the drill bit go up and down smoothly.

[0160] During the top drive drilling operation, the turbine stator 3 obtains the torque transmitted by the upper drill string, and the entire tool performs "revolution". In addition, the drilling fluid flows through the turbine rotor 8, and the mechanical energy converted from the hydraulic energy of the drilling fluid drives the spiral blades on the outer wall of the stabilizer to rotate, and the entire tool performs "autorotation". The hydraulic energy provided by the drilling fluid to the turbine is converted into mechanical energy through the turbine stator 3 and the turbine rotor 8. Secondly, the solid drill rod 6 is used to provide mechanical energy for the rotating part of the turbine rotor 8 through the anti-reversal mechanism. The dual effects ensure that the rotation power of the device is greater and the rotation cutting efficiency is higher. The tool has an anti-deflection effect while repairing the well wall. During the stop drilling and well clearing operation, the drill string rotates to easily drill a new wellbore. During the well clearing operation, the tool of the present invention controls the drilling pump so that the drilling fluid flow rate reaches the critical value of the rotation of the tool turbine rotor 8. The spiral blades on the outer wall rotate to trim the micro-steps and micro-doglegs of the well wall. Compared with the drilling fluid flow rate limit value required for the screw drill tool drive, the drilling fluid flow rate limit value required for the turbine drive is smaller.

[0161] During bottom drive operation, it is necessary to trim the wellbore section and control the drilling pump so that the drilling fluid flow rate is the flow rate required for the turbine-driven centralizer operation, and the tool works to achieve the wellbore trimming and anti-deflection effect while drilling; during stop-drilling and well-clearing operations, it is only necessary to turn on the drilling fluid pump to enable the drilling fluid pumped into the wellbore to drive the tool to perform uninterrupted wellbore wall repair operations and achieve wellbore wall trimming during the well clearing process; during drilling, when there is no need to perform wellbore wall trimming, control the drilling pump so that the drilling fluid flow rate is between the minimum drilling fluid flow rate for the turbine-driven centralizer operation and the minimum drilling fluid flow rate for the screw drill, so that the tool does not trim the wellbore wall but only plays an anti-deflection role.

[0162] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0163] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0164] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0165] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0166] In the description of the present invention, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In the present invention, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine different embodiments or examples described in the present invention and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0167] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A turbine driven centralizer for wellbore dressing, characterized in that: include: Fixed mechanism, movable mechanism and anti-reversal mechanism; The fixed mechanism and the movable mechanism are connected via an anti-reversal mechanism; The fixing mechanism comprises a solid drill rod (6) and a turbine stator (3); The turbine stator (3) is fixedly mounted on a solid drill rod (6).

2. The turbine driven centralizer for well wall repairing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism further comprises: a first interface (1), a second interface (16) and a threaded interface (10); The first interface (1) and the second interface (16) have the same structure and are both in the shape of a circular tube; The first end of the first interface (1) is provided with a threaded interface (10), and the second end is fixedly connected to one end of a solid drill rod (6); The other end of the solid drill rod (6) passes through the movable mechanism and is fixedly connected to the second end of the second interface (16); A threaded interface (10) is provided at a first end of the second interface (16); The turbine stator (3) is located between the first interface (1) and the second interface (16).

3. The turbine driven centralizer for well wall repairing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism further comprises: a drilling fluid channel (4) and a guide hole (5); The first interface (1) and the second interface (16) are both provided with a cylindrical drilling fluid channel (4); The second ends of the first interface (1) and the second interface (16) are both provided with a plurality of through-going flow guide holes (5); The plurality of guide holes (5) are distributed in an annular shape; the guide holes (5) are annular holes; The guide hole (5) is in communication with the drilling fluid channel (4); After the drilling fluid from the ground flows into the drilling fluid channel (4) of the first interface (1), it flows out from the second end of the first interface (1) through the guide hole (5).

4. The turbine driven centralizer for well wall repairing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movable mechanism comprises: a centralizer housing (2) and a turbine rotor (8); The centralizer housing (2) is tubular; The turbine rotor (8) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the centralizer housing (2).

5. The turbine driven centralizer for well wall repairing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The movable mechanism further comprises: a reverse blade wing (12) and a forward blade wing (13); The reverse blade (12) and the forward blade (13) both comprise a head end, a body and a tail end; The reverse blade (12) and the forward blade (13) are arranged on the outer wall of the centralizer housing (2); The reverse blade (12) is arranged above the forward blade (13), and the rear end of the reverse blade (12) is connected to the front end of the forward blade (13); The reverse blade (12) or the forward blade (13) is spiral.

6. The turbine driven centralizer for well wall repairing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The angle between the reverse blade (12) or the forward blade (13) and the axial direction is in the range of 10 to 50°; The fixed spacing between one reverse blade wing (12) and another adjacent reverse blade wing (12) is 30 to 100 mm; The fixed spacing between one forward blade (13) and another adjacent forward blade (13) is 30 to 100 mm.

7. The turbine driven centralizer for well wall repairing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The head end and the tail end of the reverse blade (12) and the forward blade (13) are both arranged in a slope shape, and the angle between the slope surface and the axial direction ranges from 45 to 75 degrees; The main cross-sections of the reverse blade wing (12) and the forward blade wing (13) are both trapezoidal.

8. The turbine driven centralizer for well wall repairing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The movable mechanism further comprises: a flow guiding cavity (11); A flow guide cavity (11) is provided between adjacent reverse blades (12) or forward blades (13); The flow guiding cavity (11) is trapezoidal in shape.

9. The turbine driven centralizer for well wall repairing according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: Leak-proof gasket (7); The anti-leakage gasket (7) is arranged between the turbine stator (3) and the turbine rotor (8) and between the centralizer housing (2) and the first interface (1) and the second interface (16).

10. The turbine driven centralizer for well wall repairing according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: Anti-movement fixture (9); The anti-movement fixture (9) is ring-shaped; The anti-movement fixture (9) is respectively fixedly mounted on the outer walls of the first interface (1) and the second interface (16), and abuts against the centralizer housing (2) to prevent the centralizer housing (2) from axial displacement.

11. The turbine driven centralizer for well wall repairing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anti-reversal mechanism comprises: embedded spring teeth (14) and fixed teeth (15); The embedded spring teeth (14) are mounted on the inner wall of the turbine rotor (8); The fixed teeth (15) are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the solid drill rod (6); The embedded spring teeth (14) correspond to the fixed teeth (15) one by one and are in opposite directions; The embedded spring teeth (14) are rotationally connected to the fixed teeth (15).

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