Device and method for hard rock stratum drilling

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of construction drilling, in particular to a hard rock stratum drilling device and method.The hard rock stratum drilling device comprises a rotating rod and a drilling barrel fixedly installed at the bottom end of the rotating rod, the top end of the rotating rod is connected with the output end of a rotary drilling machine through a hydraulic coupler, and an impact mechanism and a lifting and releasing assembly are arranged above the drilling barrel; the impact mechanism comprises a first cylinder, and the first cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating rod. In the drilling process of the rotary drilling rig, if the rotary drilling rig encounters a hard rock stratum, the hard rock stratum can be automatically impacted, in the rotating process of the drilling barrel, a downward impact force can be applied, the damage effect on the hard rock stratum is effectively improved, the instantaneous pressurization load is increased, and the damage to the hard rock stratum is reduced. In addition, when the positions of the hard rock strata are inconsistently distributed at the front end of the drill hole, the specific position of the hard rock strata below the drill barrel can be detected, circulating and directional impact is achieved, and the construction speed is further increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rock formation drilling, in particular to a device and a method for hard rock formation drilling. Background Art

[0002] The construction of rotary drilling rigs is mainly driven by the rotary grinding of the drill barrel. Under the limited pressure load, it is impossible to form an effective impact on the hard rock formation and it is difficult to quickly impact and break the hard rock formation. Long-term rotary grinding will increase the damage and vibration of the soil near the borehole, affecting the verticality of the rotary drilling rig during construction;

[0003] The present invention, through ingenious design, can automatically impact the hard rock formation when encountering a hard rock formation during the drilling process of the rotary drilling rig, and can also apply a downward impact force during the rotation of the drill tube, effectively increasing the destructive effect on the hard rock formation and increasing the instantaneous pressurized load;

[0004] When encountering hard rock formations, when the positions of the hard rock formations are inconsistently distributed at the front end of the borehole, the present invention can also detect the specific position of the hard rock formation below the drill tube, achieving cyclic and directional impact, thereby further increasing the construction rate. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for drilling in hard rock formations. Through ingenious design, when a hard rock formation is encountered during the drilling process of a rotary drilling rig, the device and method can automatically impact the hard rock formation. During the rotation of the drill barrel, a downward impact force can also be applied, which effectively increases the destructive effect on the hard rock formation and increases the instantaneous pressurized load. When the position of the hard rock formation is inconsistently distributed at the front end of the borehole, the present invention can also detect the specific position of the hard rock formation below the drill barrel, realize cyclic and directional impact, and further increase the construction rate.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a device for drilling hard rock formations, comprising a rotating rod and a drill barrel fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the rotating rod, the top end of the rotating rod is connected to the output end of the rotary drilling machine through a hydraulic coupler, and an impact mechanism and a lifting and releasing assembly are arranged above the drill barrel;

[0007] The impact mechanism includes a first cylinder, which is fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating rod, and the first cylinder is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod. The inner walls on both sides of the first cylinder are slidably connected with counterweights. In the initial state, the counterweights are located at the inner upper end of the first cylinder. When the rotation of the drill tube is blocked, the counterweights can move downward to impact the hard rock formation.

[0008] The present invention can automatically impact the hard rock formation when encountering a hard rock formation during the drilling process of the rotary drilling rig. During the rotation of the drill barrel, a downward impact force can be applied, which effectively increases the destructive effect on the hard rock formation and increases the instantaneous pressurized load. When the position of the hard rock formation is inconsistently distributed at the front end of the borehole, the present invention can also detect the specific position of the hard rock formation below the drill barrel, realize cyclic and directional impact, and further increase the construction rate.

[0009] Grooves are provided on both sides of the rotating rod, and rectangular tubes are embedded in the grooves. A trapezoidal stopper is slidably connected to the inner side of the rectangular tube. A tension spring is provided between the trapezoidal stopper and the inner wall of the corresponding rectangular tube. The centrifugal force generated by the rotating rod during the rotation process can cause one end of the trapezoidal stopper to emerge from the rectangular tube.

[0010] The top of the trapezoidal stopper is horizontal. When the counterweight block is in the initial position, the top of the trapezoidal stopper supports the counterweight block. When the drill tube encounters a hard rock formation, the rotation speed decreases, the centrifugal force decreases, and the trapezoidal stopper enters the rectangular tube under the action of the tension spring. The counterweight block drops rapidly to achieve impact. One side of the bottom end of the trapezoidal stopper is inclined, and the corresponding side of the top end of the counterweight block is arc-shaped. When the counterweight block is lifted, it can pass through the trapezoidal stopper and be supported by the trapezoidal stopper again.

[0011] Further preferably, the lifting and releasing assembly includes a second cylinder, which is fixedly mounted on the top of the first cylinder, and a motor is fixedly connected to the top of the first cylinder, and a disc is fixedly connected to the end of the output shaft of the motor. The lifting and releasing assembly also includes a vertical seat, which is fixedly mounted on the top of the first cylinder, and a round rod is rotatably connected to the left side of the vertical seat, and a winding wheel is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the round rod, and a pull rope is fixed and wound around the outside of the winding wheel, and the bottom end of the pull rope extends into the first cylinder and is fixedly connected to the top of the counterweight block. When the motor rotates, the counterweight block can be lifted.

[0012] Further preferably, a support block is fixedly connected to the right side of the disc, a first electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support block, a rectangular block is fixedly connected to the end of the output shaft of the first electric telescopic rod, a pawl is fixedly connected to one side of the rectangular block, and a ratchet is fixedly connected to the left end of the round rod, and under the telescopic action of the first electric telescopic rod, the end of the pawl can extend to the inner side of the ratchet to clamp the ratchet.

[0013] Further preferably, a hardness detection assembly is also provided at the bottom end of the drill barrel, and the hardness detection assembly is located directly below one of the counterweights. The hardness detection assembly includes a second electric telescopic rod, a round tube and a probe rod. A circular groove is provided at the bottom of the drill barrel, and the second electric telescopic rod is fixedly mounted on the top inner wall of the circular groove. The round tube is fixedly mounted on the output end of the second electric telescopic rod. The probe rod is slidably sleeved on the inner side of the round tube. A V-shaped block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the probe rod, and a damping member is provided in the round tube. During the process of the rotating rod rotating one circle, the V-shaped block contacts and slides on the surface of the hard rock formation. When the probe rod rises to the highest position, the corresponding position is the hardest position in the bottom hard rock formation.

[0014] Further preferably, a potentiometer is embedded on the right inner wall of the circular tube, and a slider matching the potentiometer is embedded on the right side of the probe rod, and the rising height of the probe rod is obtained by obtaining the position of the slider on the potentiometer.

[0015] Further preferably, the damping member includes a fixed plate fixedly mounted on the inner side of the circular tube, a spring fixedly connected between the fixed plate and the probe rod, a gap between the fixed plate and the top end of the probe rod and filled with hydraulic oil, a gap also left between the fixed plate and the inner side of the top end of the circular tube, a through hole provided on the top of the fixed plate, when the V-shaped block rises due to resistance, the hydraulic oil on the lower side of the fixed plate will enter the upper side of the fixed plate through the through hole, and the rising resistance of the V-shaped block is determined by the diameter of the through hole.

[0016] Further preferably, two one-way valves with outlets at the bottom are embedded on the top of the fixed plate, and the one-way valves can increase the reflux area to achieve rapid resetting of the V-shaped block.

[0017] Further preferably, the top inner wall and the bottom inner wall of the rectangular tube are both provided with slide grooves, the top and the bottom of the trapezoidal stopper are both fixedly connected with blocks, and the blocks are slidably connected to the corresponding slide grooves.

[0018] Further preferably, two positioning rods are fixedly connected between the top inner wall of the first cylinder and the top of the drill tube, a rectangular hole is opened on the top of the counterweight block, balls are embedded on the side walls of the rectangular hole, and the balls are in rolling contact with the outer sides of the positioning rods.

[0019] The present invention also proposes a method for drilling in hard rock formations, comprising the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: When the drill barrel encounters a hard rock formation, the centrifugal force generated by the reduced rotation speed of the rotating rod drives the trapezoidal block to slide and no longer block the counterweight block. The counterweight block accelerates downward to impact the drill barrel, and the drill teeth impact the hard rock for the second time to break the hard rock.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The device for drilling hard rock formations utilizes the centrifugal force generated by the rotating rod during high-speed rotation to drive the trapezoidal block to slide on the inner side of the rectangular tube and stretch the tension spring, and the trapezoidal block blocks the counterweight block. When the drill barrel hits the hard rock during rotation, the centrifugal force generated by the reduced rotation speed of the rotating rod causes the trapezoidal block to slide on the inner side of the rectangular tube, and the trapezoidal block no longer blocks the counterweight block. The external controller drives the rectangular block to move upward through the first electric telescopic rod, and the rectangular block drives the pawl to separate from the ratchet. At this time, the counterweight block accelerates downward to impact the drill barrel, and the impact force generated is transmitted to the drill teeth through the drill barrel, and the drill teeth impact the hard rock for a second time, thereby quickly breaking the hard rock.

[0023] 2. The device for drilling in hard rock formations, when the impact of the hard rock is completed, the rotary drilling machine drives the rotating rod to move upward, and the rotating rod drives the drill tube to move upward. At this time, the rotation speed of the rotating rod increases, and the centrifugal force generated by the rotating rod during the high-speed rotation can again drive the trapezoidal stopper to slide on the inner side of the rectangular tube and stretch the tension spring. The external controller starts the first electric telescopic rod to work in a positive direction, and the first electric telescopic rod drives the rectangular block to move downward, and the rectangular block drives the pawl to move downward, and the pawl is clamped with the ratchet. The external controller starts the motor to rotate in a positive direction, and the rotation of the motor drives the disc to rotate, and the rotation of the disc drives the support block to rotate, and the support block drives the rectangular block to rotate through the first electric telescopic rod, and the rectangular block drives the ratchet to rotate through the pawl, and the ratchet rotation drives The corresponding round rod rotates, and the rotation of the round rod drives the winding wheel to rotate. The winding wheel winds the pull rope, and the pull rope drives the corresponding counterweight block to move upward, and the counterweight block slides on the outside of the positioning rod. The arc surface of the counterweight block contacts and squeezes the inclined surface of the trapezoidal block. Under the action of extrusion, the trapezoidal block will briefly slide in the corresponding rectangular tube and compress the tension spring. When the oblique surface of the counterweight block and the trapezoidal block are offset, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotating rod drives the trapezoidal block to slide on the inside of the rectangular tube and stretch the tension spring. The trapezoidal block blocks the counterweight block, and puts the rectangular block on the upper side again, returning to the initial state, and the rotary drilling rig drives the rotating rod to move downward and rotate to continue crushing the hard rock, thereby realizing cyclic crushing.

[0024] 3. The device for drilling in hard rock formations, the rotary drilling rig drives the drill barrel to rotate slowly, and a hardness detection component is also provided at the bottom end of the drill barrel, the hardness detection component is located directly below one of the counterweights, the hardness detection component includes a second electric telescopic rod, a round tube and a probe rod, a circular groove is opened at the bottom of the drill barrel, the second electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the top inner wall of the circular groove, the round tube is fixedly installed on the output end of the second electric telescopic rod, the probe rod is slidably sleeved on the inner side of the round tube, the bottom end of the probe rod is fixedly connected with a V-shaped block, and a damping member is provided in the round tube. During the process of the rotating rod rotating one circle, the V-shaped block contacts and slides on the surface of the hard rock formation. The harder the rock, the greater the height of the V-shaped block. When the probe rod rises to the highest position, the corresponding position is the hardest position in the bottom hard rock formation.

[0025] 4. The device for drilling in hard rock formations, the damping member includes a fixed plate fixedly mounted on the inner side of a circular tube, a spring fixedly connected between the fixed plate and the probe rod, a gap between the fixed plate and the top of the probe rod and filled with hydraulic oil, a gap between the fixed plate and the inner side of the top of the circular tube, a through hole on the top of the fixed plate, when the V-shaped block rises due to resistance, the hydraulic oil on the lower side of the fixed plate will enter the upper side of the fixed plate through the through hole, and the rising resistance of the V-shaped block is determined by the diameter of the through hole; when the V-shaped block is reset, the spring drives the probe rod to move downward, and the probe rod drives the V-shaped block to move downward, and the hydraulic oil in the upper area of ​​the fixed plate passes through the one-way valve and is discharged into the area between the fixed plate and the probe rod, and the one-way valve increases the caliber of the hydraulic oil reflux, which is used to achieve a quick reset effect.

[0026] 5. The device for drilling in hard rock formations, during the process of the drill barrel slowly rotating one full circle, during the slow rotation, the trapezoidal block no longer blocks the counterweight block due to the small centrifugal force, and it is possible to judge whether the hardness of the rock at the bottom is consistent through the hardness detection component. The hardness detection component is located directly below a counterweight block on the left side, and the external controller starts the second electric telescopic rod to move downward, and the second electric telescopic rod drives the round tube to move downward out of the circular groove, and the hardness detection component starts to work. After the detection is completed, the round tube needs to be retracted. During the process of the drill barrel rotating one circle, when the amplitude of the probe rod rising shows obvious ups and downs, it indicates that the hardness of the rock on the drilling surface at the bottom of the drill barrel is inconsistent; when the amplitude of the probe rod rising shows obvious ups and downs but not obvious, it indicates that the hardness of the rock on the drilling surface at the bottom of the drill barrel is almost consistent. When the bottom of the drill barrel When the hardness of the rock on the borehole surface is inconsistent, rotate the drill barrel again and rotate the hardness detection assembly to the position where the probe rod 303 rises the longest, that is, rotate the hardness detection assembly to the position where the rock is the hardest. At this time, a counterweight block on the left is controlled by the lifting and releasing assembly to start impacting, and the drill barrel starts to rotate slowly again. After each rotation of the drill barrel by 180°, the other counterweight block will move to the hardest position of the rock, and the other counterweight block will impact again. During the impact of one of the counterweight blocks, the other counterweight block is lifted by the lifting and releasing assembly to achieve continuous impact operation, increase the accuracy and frequency of the impact, and further increase the drilling efficiency. Each rotation of the drill barrel drives the two counterweight blocks to cyclically smash down to generate impact force, thereby achieving high-frequency impact, which can accelerate the rapid crushing of hard rocks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main stereoscopic structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention without the second cylinder;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connection between the motor and the disc in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A side view schematic diagram of the structure;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the first cylinder in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the rectangular tube in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the hardness detection assembly installed in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8It is a front view of the drill tube in the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the drill tube in the present invention;

[0036] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the circular tube in the present invention.

[0037] In the figure:

[0038] 1. first cylinder; 101. groove; 102. rectangular tube; 103. trapezoidal stopper; 104. tension spring; 105. vertical seat; 106. round rod; 107. winding wheel; 108. pull rope; 109. counterweight; 110. positioning rod;

[0039] 2. second cylinder; 201. motor; 202. disc; 203. support block; 204. first electric telescopic rod; 205. rectangular block; 206. pawl; 207. ratchet;

[0040] 3. Drill tube; 301. Second electric telescopic rod; 302. Round tube; 303. Probe rod; 304. V-shaped block; 305. Slider; 306. Potentiometer; 307. Fixed plate; 308. Spring; 309. Through hole; 310. One-way valve; 311. Round groove;

[0041] 4. Rotating rod; 5. Hydraulic coupling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1-6 The present invention provides a technical solution: a device for drilling hard rock formations, comprising a rotating rod 4 and a drill tube 3 fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the rotating rod 4, the top end of the rotating rod 4 is connected to the output end of the rotary drilling machine through a hydraulic coupler 5, an impact mechanism and a lifting and releasing assembly are arranged above the drill tube 3, and the hydraulic coupler is used to realize a non-rigid connection, so that when the drill tube 3 encounters a hard rock formation, a relatively obvious speed drop can occur;

[0044] The impact mechanism includes a first cylinder 1, which is fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating rod 4, and the first cylinder 1 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod 4. The inner walls on both sides of the first cylinder 1 are slidably connected with counterweights 109. In the initial state, the counterweights 109 are located at the inner upper end of the first cylinder 1. When the rotation of the drill tube 3 is blocked, the counterweights 109 can move downward to impact the hard rock formation.

[0045] Grooves 101 are provided on both sides of the rotating rod 4, and rectangular tubes 102 are embedded in the grooves 101. Trapezoidal stoppers 103 are slidably connected to the inner side of the rectangular tube 102. Tension springs 104 are provided between the trapezoidal stoppers 103 and the inner wall of the corresponding rectangular tube 102. The centrifugal force generated by the rotating rod 4 during the rotation process can make one end of the trapezoidal stopper 103 emerge from the rectangular tube 102.

[0046] The top of the trapezoidal stopper 103 is horizontal. When the counterweight 109 is in the initial position, the top of the trapezoidal stopper 103 supports the counterweight 109. When the drill tube 3 encounters a hard rock formation, the rotation speed decreases, the centrifugal force decreases, and the trapezoidal stopper 103 enters the rectangular tube 102 under the action of the tension spring 104. The counterweight 109 drops rapidly to achieve impact. One side of the bottom end of the trapezoidal stopper 103 is inclined, and the side corresponding to the top of the counterweight 109 is arc-shaped. When the counterweight 109 is lifted, it can pass through the trapezoidal stopper 103 and be supported by the trapezoidal stopper 103 again.

[0047] The present invention can automatically impact the hard rock formation when encountering a hard rock formation during the drilling process of the rotary drilling rig. During the rotation of the drill barrel 3, a downward impact force can also be applied, which effectively increases the destructive effect on the hard rock formation and increases the instantaneous pressurized load. When the position of the hard rock formation is inconsistently distributed at the front end of the borehole, the present invention can also detect the specific position of the hard rock formation below the drill barrel 3, realize cyclic and directional impact, and further increase the construction rate.

[0048] The rotating rod 4 is driven by a rotary drilling machine, can be rotated and lifted, and can obtain the rotation speed of the rotating rod 4, which is a prior art and will not be elaborated in detail.

[0049] The rotating rod 4 is connected to the input end of the hydraulic coupler 5. The rotary drilling machine drives the hydraulic coupler 5 to rotate and move the drill tube 3 downward through the rotating rod 4. The centrifugal force generated by the rotating rod 4 during high-speed rotation can drive the trapezoidal block 103 to slide on the inner side of the rectangular tube 102 and stretch the tension spring 104. The trapezoidal block 103 blocks the counterweight 109. When the drill tube 3 encounters hard rock during rotation, the drill teeth on the drill tube 3 break the hard rock. At this time, the hard rock produces a large resistance, causing the rotation speed of the drill tube 3 to decrease. The drill tube 3 and the rotating rod 4 reduce their rotation speeds. The centrifugal force generated by the reduced rotation speed of the rotating rod 4 is reduced, causing the trapezoidal block 103 to slide on the inner side of the rectangular tube 102, and the trapezoidal block 103 no longer presses the counterweight 109 The row is blocked. In the initial state (under the action of high-speed rotation of the rotating rod 4), the rectangular block 205 is on the upper side, and the pawl 206 and the ratchet 207 are in a separated state. At this time, the counterweight block 109 impacts downward under the action of its own gravity, and the ball rolls on the outside of the positioning rod 110. The setting of the ball reduces the friction between the counterweight block 109 and the positioning rod 110. The counterweight block 109 drives the corresponding pull rope 108 to move downward, and the winding wheel 107 rotates and releases the pull rope 108. The winding wheel 107 drives the corresponding round rod 106 to rotate. At this time, the counterweight block 109 accelerated downward impacts the drill barrel 3. The impact force generated is transmitted to the drill bit through the drill barrel 3, increasing the impact load of the drill bit on the hard rock, so that the hard rock can be quickly broken.

[0050] In this embodiment, specifically: the lifting and releasing assembly includes a second cylinder 2, the second cylinder 2 is fixedly mounted on the top of the first cylinder 1, the top of the first cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to a motor 201, the end of the output shaft of the motor 201 is fixedly connected to a disc 202, the lifting and releasing assembly also includes a vertical seat 105, the vertical seat 105 is fixedly mounted on the top of the first cylinder 1, the left side of the vertical seat 105 is rotatably connected to a round rod 106, a winding wheel 107 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the round rod 106, a pull rope 108 is fixed and wound around the outside of the winding wheel 107, the bottom end of the pull rope 108 extends into the first cylinder 1 and is fixedly connected to the top of the counterweight 109, when the motor 201 rotates, the counterweight 109 can be lifted;

[0051] In this embodiment, specifically: the right side of the disc 202 is fixedly connected to a support block 203, the bottom of the support block 203 is fixedly connected to a first electric telescopic rod 204, the output shaft end of the first electric telescopic rod 204 is fixedly connected to a rectangular block 205, one side of the rectangular block 205 is fixedly connected to a pawl 206, and the left end of the round rod 106 is fixedly connected to a ratchet 207. Under the telescopic action of the first electric telescopic rod 204, the end of the pawl 206 can extend to the inner side of the ratchet 207 to clamp the ratchet 207;

[0052] When the impact of the hard rock is completed, the rotary drilling machine drives the rotating rod 4 to move upward, and the rotating rod 4 drives the drill tube 3 to move upward. At this time, the rotation speed of the rotating rod 4 increases, and the centrifugal force generated by the rotating rod 4 during the high-speed rotation can drive the trapezoidal stopper 103 to slide on the inner side of the rectangular tube 102 again and stretch the tension spring 104. The external controller positively starts the first electric telescopic rod 204 to work, and the first electric telescopic rod 204 drives the rectangular block 205 to move downward, and the rectangular block 205 drives the pawl 206 to move downward, and the pawl 206 is clamped with the ratchet 207. The external controller positively starts the motor 201 to rotate, and the rotation of the motor 201 drives the disc 202 to rotate, and the rotation of the disc 202 drives the support block 203 to rotate, and the support block 203 drives the rectangular block 205 to rotate through the first electric telescopic rod 204, and the rectangular block 205 drives the ratchet 207 to rotate through the pawl 206, and the rotation of the ratchet 207 drives the corresponding round rod 1 06 rotates, the rotation of the round rod 106 drives the winding wheel 107 to rotate, and the winding wheel 107 winds the pull rope 108, and the pull rope 108 drives the corresponding counterweight block 109 to move upward, and the counterweight block 109 slides on the outside of the positioning rod 110, and the arc surface of the counterweight block 109 contacts and squeezes the inclined surface of the trapezoidal stopper 103. Under the action of extrusion, the trapezoidal stopper 103 will briefly slide in the corresponding rectangular tube 102 and compress the tension spring 104. When the counterweight block 109 is staggered with the inclined surface of the trapezoidal stopper 103, the trapezoidal stopper 103 is driven to slide on the inner side of the rectangular tube 102 and stretch the tension spring 104 under the action of the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotating rod 4. The trapezoidal stopper 103 blocks the counterweight block 109, and the rectangular block 205 is on the upper side again, returning to the initial state, and the rotary drilling rig drives the rotating rod 4 to move downward and rotate to continue to crush the hard rock, thereby realizing cyclic crushing.

[0053] Example 2: This example is a further improvement of Example 1. The same parts will not be repeated here. Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 10 In Example 2, the rotary drilling rig drives the drill barrel 3 to rotate slowly. A hardness detection component is also provided at the bottom end of the drill barrel 3. The hardness detection component is located directly below one of the counterweights 109. The hardness detection component includes a second electric telescopic rod 301, a round tube 302 and a probe rod 303. A circular groove 311 is provided at the bottom of the drill barrel 3. The second electric telescopic rod 301 is fixedly installed on the top inner wall of the circular groove 311. The round tube 302 is fixedly installed at the output end of the second electric telescopic rod 301. The probe rod 303 is slidably sleeved on the inner side of the round tube 302. A V-shaped block 304 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the probe rod 303. A damping member is provided in the round tube 302. During one rotation of the rotating rod 4, the V-shaped block 304 contacts and slides on the surface of the hard rock formation. The harder the rock, the more difficult it is for the V-shaped block 304 to squeeze and crush the rock. The greater the height of the V-shaped block 304, the higher the rising position of the probe rod 303 is, and the corresponding position is the hardest position in the bottom hard rock formation when the probe rod 303 rises to the highest position.

[0054] In this embodiment, specifically: a potentiometer 306 is embedded on the right inner wall of the round tube 302, and a slider 305 matching the potentiometer 306 is embedded on the right side of the probe rod 303, and the rising height of the probe rod 303 is obtained by obtaining the position of the slider 305 on the potentiometer 306;

[0055] In this embodiment, specifically: the damping member includes a fixed plate 307 fixedly mounted on the inner side of the circular tube 302, a spring 308 is fixedly connected between the fixed plate 307 and the probe rod 303, a gap is present between the fixed plate 307 and the top of the probe rod 303 and is filled with hydraulic oil, a gap is also left between the fixed plate 307 and the inner side of the top of the circular tube 302, a through hole 309 is provided on the top of the fixed plate 307, and when the V-shaped block 304 is resisted and rises, the hydraulic oil on the lower side of the fixed plate 307 will pass through the through hole 309 enters the upper side of the fixed plate 307, and the rising resistance of the V-shaped block 304 is determined by the diameter of the through hole 309; when the V-shaped block 304 is reset, the spring 308 drives the probe rod 303 to move downward, and the probe rod 303 drives the V-shaped block 304 to move downward, and the hydraulic oil in the upper area of ​​the fixed plate 307 passes through the one-way valve 310 and is discharged into the area between the fixed plate 307 and the probe rod 303. The one-way valve 310 increases the caliber of the hydraulic oil reflux, which is used to achieve a quick reset effect;

[0056] In the process of the drill tube 3 slowly rotating a full circle, the trapezoidal stopper 103 no longer blocks the counterweight 109 due to the small centrifugal force, and the lifting and falling of the counterweight 109 are completely realized by the engagement and separation of the pawl 206 and the ratchet 207. The present invention can judge whether the hardness of the rock at the bottom is consistent through the hardness detection component. The hardness detection component is located directly below a counterweight 109 on the left side. The external controller starts the second electric telescopic rod 301 to move downward, and the second electric telescopic rod 301 drives the round tube 302 to move downward out of the circular groove 311. The hardness detection component starts to work. After the detection is completed, the round tube 302 needs to be retracted;

[0057] During the process of the drill tube 3 rotating one circle, when the rising amplitude of the probe rod 303 shows obvious ups and downs (obtained by the potentiometer 306), it indicates that the hardness of the rock on the drilling surface at the bottom of the drill tube 3 is inconsistent; when the rising amplitude of the probe rod 303 shows obvious ups and downs but not obvious ups and downs, it indicates that the hardness of the rock on the drilling surface at the bottom of the drill tube 3 is almost consistent;

[0058] When the rock hardness of the borehole surface at the bottom of the drill barrel 3 is inconsistent, the drill barrel 3 is rotated again, and the hardness detection assembly is rotated to the position where the probe rod 303 rose the highest distance during the last rotation detection process, that is, the hardness detection assembly is rotated to the position where the rock is the hardest. At this time, a counterweight block 109 on the left is controlled by the lifting and releasing assembly to start impacting, and the drill barrel 3 starts to rotate slowly again. After each rotation of the drill barrel 3 by 180°, the other counterweight block 109 will move to the hardest position of the rock, and the other counterweight block 109 will impact again. During the impact of one of the counterweight blocks 109, the other counterweight block 109 is lifted by the lifting and releasing assembly to achieve continuous impact operation, increase the accuracy and frequency of impact, and further increase drilling efficiency.

[0059] Each rotation of the drill tube 3 drives the two counterweights 109 to cyclically smash downwards to generate impact force, thereby achieving high-frequency impact, thereby accelerating the rapid crushing of hard rocks.

[0060] In this embodiment, specifically: two one-way valves 310 with outlets at the bottom are embedded on the top of the fixed plate 307, and the one-way valves 310 can increase the reflux area to achieve rapid resetting of the V-shaped block 304;

[0061] In this embodiment, specifically: a slide groove is provided on the top inner wall and the bottom inner wall of the rectangular tube 102, and a square block is fixedly connected to the top and the bottom of the trapezoidal stopper 103, and the square block is slidably connected to the corresponding slide groove;

[0062] In this embodiment, specifically: two positioning rods 110 are fixedly connected between the top inner wall of the first cylinder 1 and the top of the drill tube 3, a rectangular hole is opened at the top of the counterweight block 109, and balls are embedded on the side walls of the rectangular hole, and the balls are in rolling contact with the outer sides of the positioning rods 110.

[0063] The present invention also proposes a method for drilling in hard rock formations, comprising the following steps:

[0064] Step 1: When the drill tube 3 encounters a hard rock formation, the centrifugal force generated by the reduced rotation speed of the rotating rod 4 drives the trapezoidal stopper 103 to slide and no longer block the counterweight 109. The counterweight 109 accelerates downward to impact the drill tube 3, and the drill teeth impact the hard rock for the second time to break the hard rock.

[0065] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for drilling hard rock formations, comprising a rotary rod (4) and a drill tube (3) fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the rotary rod (4), characterized in that: The top end of the rotating rod (4) is connected to the output end of the rotary drilling machine via a hydraulic coupler (5), and an impact mechanism and a lifting and releasing assembly are provided above the drill tube (3); The impact mechanism comprises a first cylinder (1), the first cylinder (1) is fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating rod (4), the first cylinder (1) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod (4), and the left and right inner walls of the first cylinder (1) are both slidably connected with counterweights (109). In an initial state, the counterweights (109) are located at the inner upper end of the first cylinder (1), and when the rotation of the drill tube (3) is blocked, the counterweights (109) can move downward to impact the hard rock formation. Grooves (101) are provided on both sides of the rotating rod (4), a rectangular tube (102) is embedded in the groove (101), a trapezoidal stopper (103) is slidably connected to the inner side of the rectangular tube (102), a tension spring (104) is provided between the trapezoidal stopper (103) and the inner wall of the corresponding rectangular tube (102), and the centrifugal force generated by the rotating rod (4) during the rotation process can cause one end of the trapezoidal stopper (103) to emerge from the rectangular tube (102); The top of the trapezoidal stopper (103) is horizontal. When the counterweight (109) is in the initial position, the top of the trapezoidal stopper (103) supports the counterweight (109). When the drill tube (3) encounters a hard rock formation, the rotation speed decreases, the centrifugal force decreases, and the trapezoidal stopper (103) enters the rectangular tube (102) under the action of the tension spring (104). The counterweight (109) quickly descends to achieve impact. One side of the bottom end of the trapezoidal stopper (103) is inclined, and the side corresponding to the top of the counterweight (109) is arc-shaped. When the counterweight (109) is lifted, it can pass through the trapezoidal stopper (103) and be supported by the trapezoidal stopper (103) again.

2. The device for drilling hard rock formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting and releasing assembly comprises a second cylinder (2), the second cylinder (2) is fixedly mounted on the top of the first cylinder (1), the top of the first cylinder (1) is fixedly connected to a motor (201), the end of the output shaft of the motor (201) is fixedly connected to a disc (202), the lifting and releasing assembly also comprises a vertical seat (105), the vertical seat (105) is fixedly mounted on the top of the first cylinder (1), the left side of the vertical seat (105) is rotatably connected to a round rod (106), a winding wheel (107) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the round rod (106), a pull rope (108) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the winding wheel (107) and is wound around, the bottom end of the pull rope (108) extends into the first cylinder (1) and is fixedly connected to the top of a counterweight (109), and when the motor (201) rotates, the counterweight (109) can be lifted.

3. The device for drilling hard rock formations according to claim 2, characterized in that: The right side of the circular disc (202) is fixedly connected to a support block (203), the bottom of the support block (203) is fixedly connected to a first electric telescopic rod (204), the output shaft end of the first electric telescopic rod (204) is fixedly connected to a rectangular block (205), one side of the rectangular block (205) is fixedly connected to a pawl (206), the left end of the circular rod (106) is fixedly connected to a ratchet (207), and under the telescopic action of the first electric telescopic rod (204), the end of the pawl (206) can extend to the inner side of the ratchet (207) to clamp the ratchet (207).

4. The device for drilling hard rock formations according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A hardness detection assembly is also provided at the bottom end of the drill tube (3). The hardness detection assembly is located directly below one of the counterweight blocks (109). The hardness detection assembly comprises a second electric telescopic rod (301), a circular tube (302) and a probe rod (303). A circular groove (311) is provided at the bottom of the drill tube (3). The second electric telescopic rod (301) is fixedly mounted on the top inner wall of the circular groove (311). The circular tube (302) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the second electric telescopic rod (301). The probe rod (303) is slidably sleeved on the inner side of the circular tube (302). A V-shaped block (304) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the probe rod (303). A damping member is provided in the circular tube (302). When the rotating rod (4) rotates one circle, the V-shaped block (304) contacts and slides on the surface of the hard rock layer. When the probe rod (303) rises to the highest position, the corresponding position is the hardest position in the bottom hard rock layer.

5. The device for drilling hard rock formations according to claim 4, characterized in that: A potentiometer (306) is embedded on the right inner wall of the circular tube (302), and a slider (305) matching the potentiometer (306) is embedded on the right side of the probe rod (303). The rising height of the probe rod (303) is obtained by obtaining the position of the slider (305) on the potentiometer (306).

6. The device for drilling hard rock formations according to claim 5, characterized in that: The damping member comprises a fixed plate (307) fixedly sleeved on the inner side of the circular tube (302); a spring (308) is fixedly connected between the fixed plate (307) and the probe rod (303); a gap is provided between the fixed plate (307) and the top end of the probe rod (303) and is filled with hydraulic oil; a gap is also provided between the fixed plate (307) and the inner side of the top end of the circular tube (302); a through hole (309) is provided on the top of the fixed plate (307); when the V-shaped block (304) is resisted and rises, the hydraulic oil on the lower side of the fixed plate (307) enters the upper side of the fixed plate (307) through the through hole (309); and the rising resistance of the V-shaped block (304) is determined by the diameter of the through hole (309).

7. The device for drilling hard rock formations according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two one-way valves (310) with outlets at the bottom are embedded on the top of the fixing plate (307). The one-way valves (310) can increase the reflux area and are used to achieve rapid resetting of the V-shaped block (304).

8. The device for drilling hard rock formations according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top inner wall and the bottom inner wall of the rectangular tube (102) are both provided with sliding grooves, and the top and the bottom of the trapezoidal stopper (103) are both fixedly connected with square blocks, which are slidably connected with the corresponding sliding grooves.

9. The device for drilling hard rock formations according to claim 8, characterized in that: Two positioning rods (110) are fixedly connected between the top inner wall of the first cylinder (1) and the top of the drill tube (3); a rectangular hole is opened on the top of the counterweight block (109); balls are embedded on the side walls of the rectangular hole; the balls are in rolling contact with the outer sides of the positioning rods (110).

10. A method for drilling in hard rock formations, characterized in that: Using the device for drilling hard rock formations as claimed in claim 3, the steps are: Step 1: When the drill tube (3) encounters a hard rock layer, the centrifugal force generated by the reduced rotation speed of the rotating rod (4) drives the trapezoidal stopper (103) to slide and no longer block the counterweight (109), and the counterweight (109) accelerates downward to impact the drill tube (3), and the drill teeth impact the hard rock for a second time to break the hard rock.

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