Dust removal structure, tunnel boring machine device and dust removal method

Abstract

The invention provides a dust removal structure, a tunnel boring machine device and a dust removal method, the dust removal structure comprises a dust removal unit, and the dust removal unit is at least partially arranged on a first mounting position of a device to be subjected to dust removal so as to remove dust in an area to be subjected to dust removal; the shooting unit is arranged on the second mounting position of the to-be-dedusted device and is used for shooting a real-time concentration picture of the to-be-dedusted area so as to control the dedusting speed of the dedusting unit according to the real-time concentration picture; wherein the dust removal unit comprises a water spraying part, and liquid is sprayed into the area to be subjected to dust removal through the water spraying part, so that dust in the area to be subjected to dust removal is subjected to dust removal operation, and the problem that a large amount of dust is generated in the working process of the heading machine in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine tunnel engineering, and in particular to a dust removal structure, a tunnel boring machine device and a dust removal method. Background Art

[0002] In mining, tunnel excavation is an important link. It is not only related to the smooth mining of ore, but also directly affects the safety and health of the underground working environment. Tunnels are various passages drilled between the surface and the ore body, which are used for ore transportation, ventilation, exhaust, pedestrians, and various necessary preparations for the new excavation of ore for metallurgical equipment. These passages are collectively referred to as tunnels. The existing tunnel excavation method is mainly carried out by excavators. When traditional tunneling machines are working, they will generate a lot of dust due to cutting and crushing rocks. This dust not only affects the health of operators, but also may reduce the working efficiency of equipment and even cause safety accidents such as explosions. Therefore, effective dust removal measures are crucial to ensure the safety and efficiency of the tunnel excavation process.

[0003] At present, the commonly used dust removal method for tunnel boring machines mainly relies on wind dust removal. Although this dust removal method can reduce the dust concentration to a certain extent, its scope of action is limited and it cannot completely remove the fine dust in the air. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a dust removal structure, a tunnel boring machine device and a dust removal method to solve the problem of a large amount of dust generated by the tunnel boring machine during operation in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a dust removal structure is provided, the dust removal structure comprising:

[0006] A dust removal unit, wherein at least part of the dust removal unit is disposed on the first installation position of the device to be dusted, so as to remove dust from the dust removal area;

[0007] A photographing unit is arranged at the second installation position of the dust removal device to take a real-time concentration picture of the dust removal area to be removed, so as to control the dust removal speed of the dust removal unit according to the real-time concentration picture;

[0008] The dust removal unit includes a water spraying part, which sprays liquid into the area to be dusted, so as to perform dust removal operation on the dust in the area to be dusted.

[0009] Furthermore, the dust removal unit also includes: a water supply component, one end of which is connected to the water spraying part through a water supply pipe, and a water supply pump is also provided on the water supply pipe. The water supply pump is connected to the shooting unit to control the power of the water supply pump according to the real-time concentration image to control the amount of liquid sprayed to the area to be dusted.

[0010] Furthermore, the water supply pipeline comprises:

[0011] A main water supply pipeline, one end of which is connected to the water supply component;

[0012] At least one branch water supply pipeline, one end of each branch water supply pipeline is connected to one end of the main water supply pipeline away from the water supply component, and the other end is connected to the water spray part.

[0013] Furthermore, the dust removal unit also includes:

[0014] The diverter valve is arranged on the main water supply pipeline, the water inlet port of the diverter valve is connected with the main water supply pipeline, and the water outlet port of the diverter valve is connected with each branch water supply pipeline respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, the shooting unit includes:

[0016] A first supporting part, the first supporting part is arranged on the second mounting position, one end of the first supporting part away from the second mounting position is connected to the second supporting part, and one end of the second supporting part away from the first supporting part is connected to the shooting component;

[0017] Wherein, an extending direction of the first supporting portion is perpendicular to an extending direction of the second supporting portion.

[0018] Furthermore, the dust removal structure also includes:

[0019] A charging unit is electrically connected to the dust removal unit and / or the photographing unit to continuously supply power to the dust removal unit and / or the photographing unit.

[0020] Furthermore, the dust removal structure also includes:

[0021] The display unit is connected to the dust removal unit and / or the shooting unit to display the real-time dust removal status and dust concentration of the area to be dust removed in real time.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present invention, a tunnel boring machine device is provided, on which a dust removal structure is provided, and the dust removal structure is the dust removal structure mentioned above.

[0023] Furthermore, the tunnel boring machine device includes a boring machine body, and an operating platform and a boring head suspension arm arranged on the boring machine body, the dust removal unit is arranged on the boring head suspension arm, and the shooting unit is arranged on the operating platform.

[0024] According to another aspect of the present invention, a dust removal method is provided. The dust removal method is applied to the above-mentioned dust removal structure. The dust removal method comprises: controlling a shooting unit to obtain a real-time concentration picture of a dust removal area, wherein the real-time concentration picture is used to represent the real-time concentration of the dust removal area;

[0025] When it is determined that the real-time concentration is greater than the set concentration, the real-time concentration image is input into a concentration recognition model to obtain a dust removal speed of a dust removal unit corresponding to the real-time concentration image;

[0026] The dust removal unit is controlled to remove dust from the area to be dusted at the dust removal speed.

[0027] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, the dust removal structure provided in the present application monitors the dust concentration in the area to be dusted in real time through the shooting unit, thereby realizing precise dust removal control. When it is detected that the dust concentration reaches the set threshold, the system automatically starts the water spray unit to pressurize and spray the area for dust removal, avoiding unnecessary water spraying operations, thereby achieving energy saving effects, and effectively reducing the impact of dust on the environment and human health. The intelligent linkage between the dust removal unit and the shooting unit enables the system to automatically adjust the working state of the water spray unit according to the real-time concentration image, including the water spraying pressure and frequency, to ensure the dust removal effect while reducing the need for equipment maintenance and manual intervention. Real-time monitoring of the dust concentration in the area to be dusted not only helps to improve the working environment and reduce occupational health problems such as respiratory diseases, but also can timely warn of possible dust explosion risks and improve the safety of tunnel excavation operations. At the same time, the intelligently controlled dust removal operation avoids the impact of dust on equipment and working sights, and enhances working efficiency and the service life of equipment. The real-time concentration images recorded by the shooting unit can be further used for dust concentration trend analysis, providing data support for optimizing dust removal strategies and estimating dust generation patterns, thereby achieving more efficient and intelligent mine tunnel engineering management. The integrated design of the dust removal unit and the shooting unit is not only suitable for tunneling machine devices, but in theory can also be adjusted and installed according to the specific needs of other dust removal devices. It has good adaptability and scalability and can be applied to a variety of mining operating environments. By intelligently controlling the water spraying speed of the water spraying unit, the waste of water resources is reduced, the demand for water sources is reduced, and it meets the environmental protection requirements and sustainable development principles in mining operations.

[0028] To sum up, the pressurized spray dust removal and real-time monitoring system provided in this application, by integrating an intelligent shooting unit and a high-efficiency dust removal unit, realizes real-time monitoring and intelligent control of dust removal in the dust removal area of ​​the tunnel boring machine. It not only significantly improves the safety and comfort of the working environment and reduces occupational health risks, but also improves working efficiency and reduces resource consumption. It plays an important role in promoting the intelligent and environmentally friendly development of mine tunnel engineering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 An overall schematic diagram of the dust removal structure of an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0031] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0032] 1. Dust removal unit; 201. Water spraying part; 202. Water supply pipe; 2021. Main water supply pipe; 2022. Branch water supply pipe; 203. Water supply pump; 204. Diverter valve; 3. Photographing unit; 301. First support part; 302. Second support part; 303. Photographing component; 4. Operating platform; 5. Boring head suspension arm; 10. Air inlet tube; 11. Dust collecting tube; 12. Dust filter cotton; 13. Exhaust fan; 14. Dust-proof curtain. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0034] In mining, tunnel excavation is an important link. It is not only related to the smooth mining of ore, but also directly affects the safety and health of the underground working environment. Tunnels are various passages drilled between the surface and the ore body, which are used for ore transportation, ventilation, exhaust, pedestrians, and various necessary preparations for the new excavation of ore for metallurgical equipment. These passages are collectively referred to as tunnels. The existing tunnel excavation method is mainly carried out by excavators. When traditional tunneling machines are working, they will generate a lot of dust due to cutting and crushing rocks. This dust not only affects the health of operators, but also may reduce the working efficiency of equipment and even cause safety accidents such as explosions. Therefore, effective dust removal measures are crucial to ensure the safety and efficiency of the tunnel excavation process.

[0035] At present, the commonly used dust removal method for tunnel boring machines mainly relies on wind dust removal. Although this dust removal method can reduce the dust concentration to a certain extent, its scope of action is limited and it cannot completely remove the fine dust in the air.

[0036] Therefore, the main purpose of this application is to provide a dust removal structure, a tunnel boring machine device and a dust removal method to solve the problem of a large amount of dust generated by the tunnel boring machine during operation in the prior art.

[0037] The dust removal structure provided in the present application includes a dust removal unit 1, wherein at least a part of the dust removal unit 1 is arranged on a first installation position of a device to be dusted, so as to remove dust from the dust removal area;

[0038] The photographing unit 3 is arranged at the second installation position of the dust removal device to take a real-time concentration picture of the dust removal area to be removed, so as to control the dust removal speed of the dust removal unit 1 according to the real-time concentration picture;

[0039] The dust removal unit 1 includes a water spraying part 201, so as to spray liquid into the area to be dusted through the water spraying part 201, so as to perform dust removal operation on the dust in the area to be dusted.

[0040] The dust removal structure provided in the present application includes a dust removal unit 1, which is at least partially arranged on a first installation position of the device to be dusted, wherein the device to be dusted in the embodiment of the present application is a tunnel boring machine device, and the dust removal structure is arranged on the tunnel boring machine device. This part of the content will be introduced in subsequent embodiments. During use, the shooting unit 3 takes a real-time concentration picture of the area to be dusted. When it is determined that dust removal is required in the area to be dusted, the water spraying part 201 is controlled to spray liquid into the area to be dusted, so as to remove the dust in the area to be dusted by contact between the liquid and the dust.

[0041] The dust removal structure provided in the present application monitors the dust concentration in the area to be dusted in real time through the shooting unit 3, and realizes precise dust removal control. When it is detected that the dust concentration reaches the set threshold, the system automatically starts the water spray unit 201 to pressurize and spray the area for dust removal, avoiding unnecessary water spraying operations, thereby achieving energy saving effects and effectively reducing the impact of dust on the environment and human health. The intelligent linkage between the dust removal unit 1 and the shooting unit 3 enables the system to automatically adjust the working state of the water spray unit 201 according to the real-time concentration picture, including the water spraying pressure and frequency, to ensure the dust removal effect while reducing the need for equipment maintenance and manual intervention. Real-time monitoring of the dust concentration in the area to be dusted not only helps to improve the working environment and reduce occupational health problems such as respiratory diseases, but also can timely warn of possible dust explosion risks and improve the safety of tunnel excavation operations. At the same time, the intelligently controlled dust removal operation avoids the impact of dust on equipment and working sights, and enhances working efficiency and the service life of equipment. The real-time concentration image recorded by the shooting unit 3 can be further used for dust concentration trend analysis, providing data support for optimizing dust removal strategies and estimating dust generation patterns, thereby achieving more efficient and intelligent mine tunnel engineering management. The integrated design of the dust removal unit 1 and the shooting unit 3 is not only suitable for tunneling machine devices, but can also be adjusted and installed according to the specific needs of other dust removal devices in theory. It has good adaptability and scalability and can be applied to a variety of mining operating environments. By intelligently controlling the water spraying speed of the water spraying unit 201, the waste of water resources is reduced, the demand for water sources is reduced, and it meets the environmental protection requirements and sustainable development principles in mining operations.

[0042] To sum up, the pressurized spray dust removal and real-time monitoring system provided in the present application, by integrating the intelligent shooting unit 3 and the high-efficiency dust removal unit 1, realizes real-time monitoring and intelligent control of dust removal in the dust removal area of ​​the tunnel boring machine, which not only significantly improves the safety and comfort of the working environment and reduces occupational health risks, but also improves working efficiency and reduces resource consumption, which plays an important role in promoting the intelligent and environmentally friendly development of mine tunnel engineering.

[0043] Furthermore, the dust removal unit 1 also includes: a water supply component, one end of which is connected to the water spraying part 201 through a water supply pipe 202, and a water supply pump 203 is also provided on the water supply pipe 202. The water supply pump 203 is connected to the shooting unit 3 to control the power of the water supply pump 203 according to the real-time concentration image to control the amount of liquid sprayed to the area to be dusted.

[0044] Specifically, the dust removal unit 1 provided in the present application further includes a water supply component, which is connected to the water spraying part 201 through a water supply pipe 202. A water supply pump 203 is provided on the water supply pipe 202, and the water supply pump 203 is connected to the shooting unit 3, and its working power can be dynamically adjusted according to the dust concentration in the real-time concentration picture of the shooting unit.

[0045] The water supply component is used to supply water to the water spraying part 201 through the water supply pipe 202, and the water spraying part 201 sprays the liquid to the dust removal area, and the dust removal effect is achieved through the contact between the liquid and the dust. The water spraying part 201 is connected to the water supply component through the water supply pipe 202 to ensure the stable supply of the liquid. The water supply pump 203 is installed on the water supply pipe 202 and is used to pressurize and transport the liquid to the water spraying part 201. The power of the water supply pump 203 is adjustable. It is connected to the shooting unit 3 through the control circuit. It can automatically adjust the speed and pressure of its liquid delivery according to the dust concentration displayed by the real-time concentration picture, so as to accurately control the amount of liquid sprayed to the dust removal area. The shooting unit 3 is arranged on the roadheader, and the image of the dust removal area is taken in real time. According to the image of the dust removal area, the dust concentration of the dust removal area at the current moment is known. The shooting unit 3 sends the real-time concentration picture to the ground monitoring center or the control panel through the wireless network, and the control system adjusts the power of the water supply pump 203 according to the picture information to achieve the best dust removal effect.

[0046] The linkage between the shooting unit 3 and the water supply pump 203 in this application realizes real-time intelligent regulation according to the dust concentration in the dust removal area, avoids the problem of excessive or insufficient water spraying, and improves the dust removal efficiency and resource utilization of the system. By accurately controlling the water spraying amount of the water spraying unit 201, the waste of water resources is reduced, the water cost is reduced, and the generation of dust-containing wastewater is reduced, which reduces the impact on the environment and meets the green production requirements of mining operations. The power control of the water supply pump 203 reduces the maintenance frequency of the equipment and extends the service life of the equipment. The transmission and analysis of real-time concentration images provide the ground monitoring center with intuitive excavation site environmental information, which is convenient for remote monitoring and decision-making, and improves the management level and response speed of mine tunnel engineering. This application realizes real-time monitoring and intelligent regulation of the dust concentration in the dust removal area of ​​the tunnel boring machine by integrating the intelligent shooting unit 3 and the water supply component, which significantly improves the environmental quality, safety and economy of the excavation operation, and is an important technical innovation in modern mine tunnel engineering.

[0047] Further, the water supply pipeline 202 includes: a main water supply pipeline 2021, one end of which is connected to the water supply component;

[0048] At least one branch water supply pipe 2022 , one end of each branch water supply pipe 2022 is connected to one end of the main water supply pipe 2021 away from the water supply component, and the other end is connected to the water spray part 201 .

[0049] Specifically, the water supply pipeline 202 in the present application is designed to include a main water supply pipeline 2021 and at least one branch water supply pipeline 2022. This design ensures that the system can efficiently and accurately supply pressurized liquid to multiple water spraying parts 201, as follows: One end of the main water supply pipeline 2021 is connected to the water supply component to receive liquid from the water supply component. The water supply pump 203 is located on the main water supply pipeline 2021, and is used to pressurize the liquid to a sufficiently high pressure to ensure that the water spraying part 201 can effectively spray liquid for dust removal operations. The end of the main water supply pipeline 2021 away from the water supply component branches to form at least one branch water supply pipeline 2022. The other end of each branch water supply pipeline 2022 is connected to one or more water spraying parts 201. In this way, the system can provide spray dust removal services for multiple operating areas at the same time, improving the applicability and dust removal efficiency of the system. The shooting unit 3 monitors the dust concentration in the area to be dusted in real time and transmits the data to the control system. The control system dynamically adjusts the power of the water supply pump 203 based on the results of the real-time concentration image analysis, and then controls the liquid pressure of the main water supply pipeline 2021, ensuring that the branch water supply pipeline 2022 can timely adjust the amount and pressure of the sprayed liquid according to the actual needs of each water spraying part 201. The connection between the main water supply pipeline 2021 and the water supply components ensures the stability of the liquid supply; and the decentralized layout of the branch water supply pipeline 2022 enables the system to flexibly respond to the dust removal needs of different working surfaces. At the same time, the design of the branch water supply pipeline 2022 can also reduce the pressure loss of the liquid during the transportation process, thereby improving the efficiency of liquid transmission.

[0050] By combining the main water supply pipeline 2021 with the branch water supply pipeline 2022, the water spraying volume and pressure of the water spraying part 201 can be dynamically controlled according to the dust concentration monitored in real time, so as to achieve precise spraying, improve the dust removal efficiency, and also reduce the waste of water resources. The setting of the branch water supply pipeline 2022 enables the system to provide spray dust removal services for multiple working areas at the same time, expand the coverage of the dust removal unit 1, and improve the environmental quality of the entire tunnel excavation operation. The real-time monitoring data of the shooting unit 3, combined with the dynamic regulation of the water supply pump 203 by the control system, enables the system to quickly respond to changes in dust concentration, maintain the dust removal efficiency, and reduce the energy consumption of the equipment. The structural design of the main water supply pipeline 2021 and the branch water supply pipeline 2022 facilitates the installation, inspection and maintenance of the system, and reduces the maintenance cost and time caused by the complex pipeline layout. The efficient and precise dust removal operation significantly reduces the dust concentration at the work site, reduces the health hazards to the operators, and provides a safer and healthier working environment. Dynamically adjusting the water spraying operation of the water spraying unit 201 reduces the demand for water resources and the generation of dust-containing wastewater, meets the environmental protection requirements of mining projects, and also improves the overall energy efficiency of the system.

[0051] To sum up, by adopting a water supply pipeline design that combines the main water supply pipeline 2021 with the branch water supply pipeline 2022, the structure of the present application realizes efficient, precise and flexible dust removal operations on the working face of the tunnel boring machine, which not only improves the working environment and improves the safety and health of operations, but also reflects the system's advantages in resource utilization and environmental protection.

[0052] Furthermore, the dust removal unit 1 also includes: a diverter valve 204, which is arranged on the main water supply pipe 2021, the water inlet port of the diverter valve 204 is connected to the main water supply pipe 2021, and the water outlet port of the diverter valve is connected to each branch water supply pipe 2022 respectively.

[0053] Specifically, by adding a diverter valve 204 to the main water supply pipe 2021, the present invention can accurately control the liquid flow of each branch water supply pipe 2022 according to the dust distribution analyzed by the real-time concentration image, realize the personalized dust removal requirements for different working areas, and improve the dust removal efficiency and accuracy. The setting of the diverter valve 204 enables the system to flexibly adjust the working state of the water spray section 201. Even when some water spray sections 201 require higher flow or pressure, dynamic balance can be achieved by adjusting the diverter valve 204 to ensure the stability and efficiency of the entire system operation. The diverter valve 204 can accurately control the flow direction and flow of the liquid, avoid excessive or insufficient water spraying, reduce the waste of water resources, reduce the system operation cost, and also reduce the generation of dust-containing wastewater, which has a positive effect on environmental protection. The introduction of the diverter valve 204 not only optimizes liquid distribution, but also simplifies system maintenance and troubleshooting. The water spraying part 201 on each branch water supply pipeline 2022 has an independent flow control. Once a part fails, it can be quickly located and local maintenance can be carried out, reducing the time and cost of overall shutdown and maintenance. By accurately controlling the amount of water sprayed, the dust concentration on the working surface is ensured to be maintained at a safe level, reducing occupational health risks such as pneumoconiosis, and providing a safer and healthier working environment for the staff. Combined with the control system, the diverter valve 204 can realize automatic and intelligent flow regulation, reduce dependence on manual intervention, improve the intelligent management level of the system, and facilitate remote monitoring and operation. In short, by adding a diverter valve 204 to the main water supply pipeline 2021, the present invention realizes intelligent, accurate and efficient dust removal in the working area of ​​the tunnel boring machine, which not only significantly improves the working environment, improves working efficiency and safety, but also reflects the advancement of the system in resource management and environmental protection.

[0054] Further, the photographing unit 3 comprises: a first supporting portion 301, the first supporting portion 301 is arranged on the second installation position, one end of the first supporting portion 301 away from the second installation position is connected to the second supporting portion 302, and one end of the second supporting portion 302 away from the first supporting portion 301 is connected to the photographing component 303;

[0055] The extending direction of the first supporting portion 301 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the second supporting portion 302 .

[0056] Specifically, in the technical solution of the present application, the structure of the shooting unit 3 is further optimized, including a first support part 301, a second support part 302 and a shooting component 303. The specific implementation is as follows: the first support part 301 is fixed to the second mounting position of the tunnel boring machine, and its extension direction is perpendicular to the running direction of the tunnel boring machine, which ensures the stability and appropriate height of the shooting unit 3, and facilitates the shooting component 303 to obtain a more comprehensive working surface image. The second support part 302 is connected to the end of the first support part 301 away from the second mounting position, and its extension direction is perpendicular to the first support part 301, forming an "L"-shaped support structure. The shooting component 303 is installed at the free end of the second support part 302, and is responsible for capturing real-time images of the area to be dusted. The shooting component 303 has high definition and a wide-angle field of view, and can capture the dust concentration distribution on the working surface, providing data support for intelligent dust removal. The vertical connection design of the first support part 301 and the second support part 302 in the present application expands the viewing angle range of the shooting component 303, and can monitor the working surface more comprehensively, especially those blind spots that are difficult to cover with traditional fixed cameras, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of monitoring. The intelligent linkage between the shooting unit 3 and the dust removal unit 1 enables the system to automatically adjust the water spray volume and pressure of the water spray part 201 according to the real-time concentration picture, realizes precise dust removal, and improves the intelligent response capability and dust removal efficiency of the system. Through real-time monitoring and intelligent regulation, the dust concentration in the working environment is reduced, the health hazards to the workers are reduced, and the safety and health of the tunnel excavation operation are improved. The design of the first support part 301 and the second support part 302 not only simplifies the installation process of the shooting unit 3, but also facilitates the later inspection and maintenance, reducing the problems caused by improper installation position or inconvenient maintenance.

[0057] In summary, the present application realizes all-round, high-definition monitoring of the tunnel boring machine operating area, enabling the system to intelligently and efficiently perform dust removal operations in complex and changing environments, significantly improving the safety, health and economy of mine tunnel operations.

[0058] Furthermore, the dust removal structure also includes: a charging unit, which is electrically connected to the dust removal unit 1 and / or the shooting unit 3 to continuously supply power to the dust removal unit 1 and / or the shooting unit 3.

[0059] Specifically, the integrated design of the charging unit ensures that the dust removal unit 1 and / or the shooting unit 3 can continuously obtain power supply, avoids system failure caused by power interruption, ensures the continuity and stability of the dust removal and monitoring functions of the tunnel boring machine during tunnel operation, and improves operation efficiency and safety. The charging unit can be a built-in high-performance battery, or an intelligent charging module wirelessly connected to the ground energy system. In the scenario of the intelligent charging module, the system can automatically adjust the charging strategy according to the real-time operation status and power consumption, optimize energy utilization efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and extend the working time of the equipment. By continuously supplying power to the dust removal unit 1 and the shooting unit 3, the number of equipment shutdowns and maintenance caused by battery replacement or unstable power supply is reduced, the maintenance cost and labor cost are effectively reduced, and the overall operation economy of the system is improved. The design of the charging unit enables the structure of the present application to maintain efficient operation in different tunnel excavation environments. Even in deep tunnel operations far away from the ground power supply, the dust removal and monitoring functions can be ensured to function normally through efficient energy management strategies, which enhances the compatibility and operation flexibility of the system. For the shooting unit 3, the continuous and stable power supply ensures the uninterrupted collection and transmission of real-time concentration images, provides continuous and accurate working surface information for the ground monitoring center, facilitates remote monitoring and decision-making, and improves the management level of mine tunnel engineering. The electrical connection between the charging unit and the control system, the shooting unit and the dust removal unit makes it possible to integrate more intelligent components into the system and achieve a higher level of automated control, such as automatically adjusting the water spraying strategy and intelligently predicting changes in dust concentration, further improving the intelligence level of tunnel excavation. The intelligent charging unit can effectively reduce energy waste. Through precise power regulation, it reduces the overall energy consumption of the system, plays a positive role in environmental protection and energy conservation, and is in line with the sustainable development goals of modern mine tunnel engineering.

[0060] To sum up, through the integrated charging unit, the charging module of the present application realizes a continuous and stable power supply for the shooting unit 3 and the dust removal unit 1, which not only ensures the continuity and efficiency of the system function, but also reduces the maintenance cost, improves the safety, health and economy of tunnel excavation operations, and is an important technological advancement for realizing intelligent and environmentally friendly operations in the field of mining engineering.

[0061] Furthermore, the dust removal structure also includes:

[0062] The display unit is connected to the dust removal unit 1 and / or the photographing unit 3 to display the real-time dust removal status and dust concentration of the area to be dust removed in real time.

[0063] Specifically, the display unit in the present application can display the real-time picture conditions of the area to be dusted, including the real-time dust removal conditions, the dust concentration in the area to be dusted, etc., so that the staff can know the conditions of the area to be dusted directly on the display unit in real time, so as to take corresponding countermeasures.

[0064] The dust removal structure in the present application further includes an air inlet 10, the air outlet of which faces the dust removal area to be removed, so as to blow the dust around the main body of the tunnel boring machine into the dust removal area, and further includes a dust collecting cylinder 11, the shape of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, its large-diameter end faces the dust-removing area, and a dust filter cotton 12 is arranged at the small-diameter section of the dust collecting cylinder 11. An exhaust fan 13 is arranged at the end of the dust filter cotton 12 away from the large-diameter end of the dust collecting cylinder 11. During use, wind is transported from the tail end of the air inlet cylinder 10 to the air outlet end, and the wind enters the dust-removing area from the air outlet end. At the same time, the exhaust fan 13 is also in a working state, which is used to suck the airflow around the main body of the tunnel boring machine into the dust collecting cylinder 11. Under the action of the dust, the airflow carrying dust will enter the dust collecting cylinder 11, and after being filtered by the dust filter cotton 12, it will be extracted along the exhaust fan 13. The role of the dust filter cotton 12 here is to isolate the dust in the dust-carrying airflow to the side away from the exhaust fan 13 to avoid damage to the exhaust fan 13 due to the action of the dust. A dust curtain 14 is also provided between the large-diameter end of the dust collecting cylinder 11 and the air inlet cylinder 10 to remove the dust as much as possible and further improve the dust removal effect.

[0065] Furthermore, the tunnel boring machine device includes a tunnel boring machine body, and an operating platform 4 and a tunnel boring head suspension arm 5 arranged on the tunnel boring machine body, the dust removal unit 1 is arranged on the tunnel boring head suspension arm 5, and the shooting unit is arranged on the operating platform 4.

[0066] The present application also provides a dust removal method, which is applied to the above dust removal structure, and the dust removal method includes:

[0067] Controlling the shooting unit to obtain a real-time concentration image of the area to be dusted, where the real-time concentration image is used to represent the real-time concentration of the area to be dusted;

[0068] When it is determined that the real-time concentration is greater than the set concentration, the real-time concentration image is input into the concentration recognition model to obtain the dust removal speed of the dust removal unit corresponding to the real-time concentration image;

[0069] The dust removal unit is controlled to remove dust from the area to be removed at a dust removal speed.

[0070] Specifically, the present application also provides a dust removal method, which is applied to the above-mentioned dust removal structure, and the dust removal method includes:

[0071] An initial concentration recognition model is constructed to obtain multiple historical concentration images of the area to be dusted and the dust removal speed corresponding to each historical concentration image (the dust removal speed here can be artificially given), and each historical concentration image and its corresponding dust removal speed are input into the initial concentration recognition model for training to obtain a concentration recognition model, and then the shooting unit is controlled to obtain a real-time concentration image of the area to be dusted, wherein the real-time concentration image can characterize the real-time concentration of the area to be dusted. When it is determined that the real-time concentration of the area to be dusted is greater than the set concentration, the real-time concentration image is input into the concentration recognition model for recognition, thereby obtaining a dust removal speed that matches the current dust concentration in the area to be dusted, and the dust removal unit is controlled to perform dust removal operations on the area to be dusted at the matching dust removal speed, so as to achieve dust removal operations on the area to be dusted.

[0072] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0073] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps described in these embodiments, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be regarded as a part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0074] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0075] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0076] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0077] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust removal structure, characterized in that: include: A dust removal unit (1), wherein at least part of the dust removal unit (1) is arranged on a first installation position of a device to be dusted, so as to remove dust from a dust removal area; A photographing unit (3), the photographing unit (3) being arranged at a second installation position of the device to be dusted, so as to photograph a real-time concentration picture of the area to be dusted, so as to control the dust removal speed of the dust removal unit (1) according to the real-time concentration picture; Wherein, the dust removal unit (1) comprises a water spraying part (201) for spraying liquid into the area to be dust removed through the water spraying part (201) to perform a dust removal operation on the dust in the area to be dust removed.

2. The dust removal structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust removal unit (1) further comprises: A water supply component, one end of which is connected to the water spraying portion (201) via a water supply pipe (202), a water supply pump (203) is also provided on the water supply pipe (202), and the water supply pump (203) is connected to the shooting unit (3) so as to control the power of the water supply pump (203) according to the real-time concentration image, so as to control the amount of liquid sprayed to the area to be dusted.

3. The dust removal structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water supply pipeline (202) comprises: A main water supply pipeline (2021), one end of which is in communication with the water supply component; At least one branch water supply pipe (2022), one end of each branch water supply pipe (2022) is connected to an end of the main water supply pipe (2021) away from the water supply component, and the other end is connected to the water spray part (201).

4. The dust removal structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dust removal unit (1) further comprises: A diverter valve (204), the diverter valve (204) being arranged on the main water supply pipeline (2021), the water inlet port of the diverter valve (204) being in communication with the main water supply pipeline (2021), and the water outlet port of the diverter valve being in communication with each of the branch water supply pipelines (2022).

5. The dust removal structure according to any one of claims 1 or 4, characterized in that: The photographing unit (3) comprises: A first supporting portion (301), the first supporting portion (301) being arranged on the second mounting position, an end of the first supporting portion (301) away from the second mounting position being connected to a second supporting portion (302), and an end of the second supporting portion (302) away from the first supporting portion (301) being connected to a photographing component (303); Wherein, the extension direction of the first supporting portion (301) is perpendicular to the extension direction of the second supporting portion (302).

6. The dust removal structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust removal structure also includes: A charging unit, the charging unit being electrically connected to the dust removal unit (1) and / or the photographing unit (3) so as to continuously supply power to the dust removal unit (1) and / or the photographing unit (3).

7. The dust removal structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The dust removal structure also includes: A display unit, the display unit is connected to the dust removal unit (1) and / or the shooting unit (3) to display in real time the dust removal status of the area to be dusted and the dust concentration of the area to be dusted.

8. A tunnel boring machine device, characterized in that: The tunnel boring machine device is provided with a dust removal structure, and the dust removal structure is the dust removal structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The tunnel boring machine device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The tunnel boring machine device comprises a boring machine body, an operating platform (4) and a boring head suspension arm (5) arranged on the boring machine body, the dust removal unit (1) is arranged on the boring head suspension arm (5), and the shooting unit (3) is arranged on the operating platform (4).

10. A dust removal method, characterized in that: The dust removal method is applied to the dust removal structure as described in any one of the above items, and the dust removal method comprises: Controlling the shooting unit to obtain a real-time concentration picture of the area to be dust-removed, wherein the real-time concentration picture is used to represent the real-time concentration of the area to be dust-removed; When it is determined that the real-time concentration is greater than the set concentration, the real-time concentration image is input into a concentration recognition model to obtain a dust removal speed of a dust removal unit corresponding to the real-time concentration image; The dust removal unit is controlled to remove dust from the area to be dusted at the dust removal speed.

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