Method for controlling thrust vector of solid plug nozzle through pintle

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling a thrust vector of a solid plug nozzle by using a throat bolt, in particular to a control method for realizing the thrust vector of a plug nozzle engine by using the throat bolt to differentially adjust the thrust of an inner nozzle, which comprises a servo motor, the throat bolt, a unit combustion chamber, the inner nozzle and a plug cone. The device is characterized in that a servo actuating mechanism composed of a servo motor and a throat bolt is arranged at the tail end of the combustion chamber, and the throat bolt, the combustion chamber and the inner spray pipe are coaxially arranged; differential control is adopted for the servo actuation structure, the thrust of the inner spray pipe is adjusted by adjusting the expansion and contraction amount of the pintle, and the purpose of thrust vector control over the plug type spray pipe is achieved. Thrust vector adjustment of the plug type spray pipe is achieved through throat bolt differential control, damage of an actuating mechanism to the pneumatic shape of the plug type spray pipe can be effectively reduced, the flexibility of engine thrust vector control is greatly improved, the advantages of being rapid in response, remarkable in vector effect, simple in structure and the like are achieved, and the requirements for overall thermal protection and sealing of the plug type spray pipe are low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention is a method for controlling the thrust vector of a solid plug nozzle by using a throat plug. Specifically, it is a method for controlling the thrust vector of a plug nozzle engine by using a throat plug to differentially adjust the thrust of an inner nozzle. The method is applicable to the field of solid plug nozzle engines and can effectively improve the flexibility and accuracy of thrust vector control. Background Art

[0002] In the field of rocket engines, the nozzle is crucial to the thrust performance of the engine. When facing different environmental pressures, the traditional bell-shaped nozzle often suffers from under-expansion or over-expansion, resulting in limited thrust performance. The plug-type nozzle has significant performance advantages due to its unique plug-cone structure, which enables the combustion gas to achieve complete or nearly complete expansion under different environmental pressures. Therefore, the plug-type nozzle can achieve continuous height compensation at different working altitudes, significantly improving the thrust performance. This height compensation capability effectively reduces the thrust fluctuations caused by altitude changes. In addition, the plug-type nozzle has the characteristics of compact structure and flexible layout, making it easier to apply to various types of aircraft. This makes the plug-type nozzle have broad application prospects in cross-space aircraft or single-stage orbital aircraft.

[0003] There are significant differences in structure and function between the plug nozzle and the traditional bell nozzle, which makes it difficult for conventional thrust vector control schemes to be directly applied to the plug nozzle. At present, the thrust vector schemes that are more mature in the application of plug nozzles mainly include secondary jet and spoiler control. However, the thrust vector performance of the secondary jet scheme is limited and can only be applied to the attitude and orbit control of tiny micro-satellites. In addition, the plug cone needs to carry an additional gas source, which increases the complexity of the structure and limits the possibility of its wide application. Although the spoiler control scheme can provide better lateral thrust, it will damage the aerodynamic profile of the plug nozzle, resulting in significant thrust loss. Considering that the plug nozzle is composed of multiple inner nozzles and a single plug cone, the differential control of each unit combustion chamber can be achieved by adjusting the pressure of each unit combustion chamber, thereby achieving the purpose of thrust vector control of the plug nozzle. Using throat plug differential control technology to achieve unit combustion chamber pressure regulation can effectively reduce the damage of the actuator mechanism to the nozzle aerodynamic surface, simplify the complexity of the system structure, and significantly improve the engine's flexibility and response speed in thrust vector control.

[0004] Taking into account the special aerodynamic shape of the solid plug nozzle engine and its independent multi-unit combustion chamber structure, combined with the engine's demand for thrust vector control, the present invention arranges the throat plug directly inside the unit combustion chamber. The throat plug is driven by a servo motor to achieve independent control of the thrust of each unit combustion chamber. The thrust imbalance between the internal nozzles will cause the plug nozzle to produce a corresponding lateral force component, thereby realizing the thrust vector control of the engine. Using the throat plug to control the thrust vector of the plug nozzle has the advantages of rapid response, significant vector effect, and simple structure, and has low requirements for the thermal protection and sealing of the plug nozzle as a whole. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling the thrust vector of a solid plug nozzle by using a throat plug, and to achieve thrust adjustment of the inner nozzle by differentially controlling the actuation of the throat plug. The thrust imbalance between the inner nozzles causes the plug nozzle to generate a lateral component force, thereby changing the direction of the resultant force of the total thrust and achieving thrust vector control of the plug nozzle; since the gas pressure of the large-thrust inner nozzle is relatively high, the surface pressure of the plug cone in the corresponding area is also relatively high, resulting in uneven pressure distribution on the surface of the plug cone, further strengthening the vector control of the plug nozzle. By differentially controlling the extension and retraction of the throat plug, the torque required for pitch, yaw and roll can be provided to the plug nozzle. This technology is applicable to the field of solid plug nozzle engines and can effectively improve the flexibility and accuracy of thrust vector control.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve its invention object is:

[0007] It includes a servo motor, a throat plug, a unit combustion chamber, an inner nozzle, and a plug cone; when the throat plug is in a non-working state, its front end is located inside the unit combustion chamber. At this time, the pressure fluctuation in the combustion chamber is small, and the gas flows from the unit combustion chamber into the inner nozzle, undergoes a series of expansion and compression processes on the surface of the plug cone, and is finally discharged from the bottom of the plug cone, and the thrust direction of the plug nozzle does not change; when a vector control instruction is received, the servo motor on one side of the plug nozzle drives the front end of the throat plug to move from the inside of the unit combustion chamber to the throat of the nozzle, causing the pressure in the unit combustion chamber to rise sharply, thereby increasing the thrust of the inner nozzle on this side, while the thrust of the inner nozzle on the side where the throat plug is not driven remains unchanged; the thrust imbalance between the inner nozzles causes the plug nozzle to generate a lateral component force, thereby changing the direction of the resultant force of the total thrust, and realizing the thrust vector control of the plug nozzle; by differentially controlling the extension and retraction of the throat plug, the torque required for pitch, yaw and roll can be provided to the plug nozzle.

[0008] The throat plug, unit combustion chamber and inner nozzle are coaxially arranged to reduce the disturbance of the throat plug to the unit combustion chamber and the combustion gas in the inner nozzle; the servo motor and the throat plug constitute a servo actuator; multiple unit combustion chambers, the inner nozzle and a single plug cone together constitute a plug nozzle engine; the servo motor is arranged on the outside of the shell at the rear end of the combustion chamber; the tail end of the throat plug is fixedly connected to the servo motor, and the front end of the throat plug is located inside the cavity of the unit combustion chamber; the inner nozzle and the unit combustion chamber are fixedly connected by threads; the inner nozzle is an integral structure; the inner nozzle is fixed by a step arranged in the plug cone skeleton sleeve; the surfaces of the inner nozzle and the plug cone together constitute the aerodynamic surface of the plug nozzle engine; the plug cone is a truncated design, the interior of which is a cavity structure, and the axial length is 30% of the total length of the original plug cone; the plug cone is integrally manufactured by additive manufacturing technology.

[0009] The servo actuation structure adopts differential control, and the thrust of the inner nozzle is adjusted by adjusting the extension and contraction of the throat plug; since the gas pressure of the large thrust inner nozzle is relatively high, the corresponding plug cone surface pressure is also relatively high, resulting in uneven pressure distribution on the plug cone surface, further strengthening the vector control of the plug nozzle; the throat plug material should have good ablation resistance, high temperature resistance and mechanical properties; using the throat plug differential control to achieve thrust vector adjustment of the plug nozzle can effectively reduce the damage of the actuating mechanism to the aerodynamic shape of the plug nozzle, greatly improve the flexibility of the engine thrust vector control, and has the advantages of rapid response, significant vector effect, simple structure, etc., and has low requirements for the overall thermal protection and sealing of the plug nozzle.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0011] The present invention provides a method for controlling the thrust vector of a solid plug nozzle by using a throat plug. The throat plug thrust vector control scheme can be applied to a solid plug nozzle engine. By driving the front end of the throat plug to move from the inside of a unit combustion chamber to the throat of the nozzle, the pressure of the unit combustion chamber is sharply increased. The thrust imbalance between the inner nozzles causes the plug nozzle to generate a lateral component force, thereby realizing thrust vector control of the plug nozzle. By differentially controlling the extension and contraction of a servo actuator, the plug nozzle can be provided with the torque required for pitch, yaw and roll. Since the gas pressure of the large-thrust inner nozzle is relatively high, the corresponding plug cone surface pressure is also relatively high, resulting in uneven pressure on the plug cone surface. distribution, further strengthening the vector control of the plug nozzle; the throat, unit combustion chamber and inner nozzle are coaxially arranged to reduce the disturbance of the throat to the unit combustion chamber and the combustion gas in the inner nozzle; the plug cone is manufactured in an integrated manner through additive manufacturing technology; the throat material should have good ablation resistance, high temperature resistance and mechanical properties; the thrust vector adjustment of the plug nozzle is achieved by using throat differential control, which can effectively reduce the damage of the actuator to the aerodynamic shape of the plug nozzle, greatly improve the flexibility of the engine thrust vector control, and has the advantages of rapid response, significant vector effect, simple structure, etc., and has low requirements for the thermal protection and sealing of the overall plug nozzle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 The overall structure of the embodiment of the present invention is a cross-sectional view

[0013] 1-servo motor, 2-throat plug, 3-unit combustion chamber, 4-inner nozzle, 5-plug cone DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation guidelines.

[0015] Figure 1It is shown that a specific embodiment of the present invention is that the present invention discloses a method for controlling the thrust vector of a solid plug nozzle by a throat plug, comprising a servo motor (1), a throat plug (2), a unit combustion chamber (3), an inner nozzle (4), and a plug cone (5). When the throat plug (2) is in a non-working state, the front end of the throat plug (2) is located inside the unit combustion chamber (3). At this time, the pressure fluctuation in the unit combustion chamber (3) is small, and the gas flows from the unit combustion chamber (3) into the inner nozzle (4), undergoes a series of expansion and compression processes on the surface of the plug cone (5), and is finally discharged from the bottom of the plug cone (5). The thrust direction of the plug nozzle does not change; when a vector control instruction is received, the servo motor (1) on one side of the plug nozzle drives the front end of the throat plug (2) to move from the unit combustion chamber (3) to the inner nozzle throat (4), causing the pressure in the unit combustion chamber (3) to rise sharply. The thrust of the inner nozzle (4) on that side is thereby increased, while the thrust of the inner nozzle (4) on the side where the throat plug (2) is not driven remains unchanged; the thrust imbalance between the inner nozzles (4) causes the plug-type nozzle to generate a lateral component force, thereby changing the direction of the resultant force of the total thrust and realizing thrust vector control of the plug-type nozzle; by differentially controlling the extension and contraction of the throat plug (2), the plug-type nozzle can be provided with the torque required for pitch, yaw and roll; the throat plug (2), the unit combustion chamber (3) and the inner nozzle (4) are arranged coaxially to reduce the disturbance of the throat plug (2) to the combustion gas in the unit combustion chamber (3) and the inner nozzle (4); multiple unit combustion The combustion chamber (3), the inner nozzle (4) and the single plug cone (5) together constitute a plug nozzle engine; the servo motor (1) is arranged on the outer side of the shell of the tail end of the combustion chamber (3); the tail end of the throat plug (2) is fixedly connected to the servo motor (1), and the head of the throat plug (2) is located inside the cavity of the unit combustion chamber (3); the inner nozzle (4) and the unit combustion chamber (3) are fixedly connected by threads; the inner nozzle (4) is an integral structure; the inner nozzle (4) is fixed by a step arranged in the frame sleeve of the plug cone (5); the profiles of the inner nozzle (4) and the plug cone (5) together constitute the aerodynamic profile of the plug nozzle engine; the plug cone (5) is a truncated design, with a hollow structure inside, and an axial length of 30% of the total length of the original plug cone (5); the plug cone (5) is integrally manufactured through additive manufacturing technology; the servo actuation structure adopts differential control, and the thrust of the inner nozzle (4) is adjusted by adjusting the extension and contraction amount of the throat plug (2); since the gas pressure of the large-thrust inner nozzle (4) is relatively high, the corresponding surface pressure of the plug cone (5) is also relatively high, resulting in uneven pressure distribution on the surface of the plug cone (5), further strengthening the vector control of the plug nozzle; the throat plug (2) material should have good ablation resistance, high temperature resistance and mechanical properties.

Claims

1. Aiming at the application requirements of solid plug nozzle thrust vector, the present invention proposes a method for controlling solid plug nozzle thrust vector by throat plug. The method is characterized by: It includes a servo motor, a throat plug, a unit combustion chamber, an inner nozzle, and a plug cone; when the throat plug is in a non-working state, its front end is located inside the unit combustion chamber. At this time, the pressure fluctuation in the combustion chamber is small, and the gas flows from the unit combustion chamber into the inner nozzle, undergoes a series of expansion and compression processes on the surface of the plug cone, and is finally discharged from the bottom of the plug cone, and the thrust direction of the plug nozzle does not change; when a vector control instruction is received, the servo motor on one side of the plug nozzle drives the front end of the throat plug to move from the inside of the unit combustion chamber to the throat of the nozzle, causing the pressure in the unit combustion chamber to rise sharply, thereby increasing the thrust of the inner nozzle on this side, while the thrust of the inner nozzle on the side where the throat plug is not driven remains unchanged; the thrust imbalance between the inner nozzles causes the plug nozzle to generate a lateral component force, thereby changing the direction of the resultant force of the total thrust, and realizing the thrust vector control of the plug nozzle; by differentially controlling the extension and retraction of the throat plug, the torque required for pitch, yaw and roll can be provided to the plug nozzle.

2. A method for controlling the thrust vectoring of a solid plug nozzle by using a throat plug according to claim 1, characterized in that: The throat plug, unit combustion chamber and inner nozzle are coaxially arranged to reduce the disturbance of the throat plug to the unit combustion chamber and the combustion gas in the inner nozzle; the servo motor and the throat plug constitute a servo actuator; multiple unit combustion chambers, the inner nozzle and a single plug cone together constitute a plug nozzle engine; the servo motor is arranged on the outside of the shell at the rear end of the combustion chamber; the tail end of the throat plug is fixedly connected to the servo motor, and the front end of the throat plug is located inside the cavity of the unit combustion chamber; the inner nozzle and the unit combustion chamber are fixedly connected by threads; the inner nozzle is an integral structure; the inner nozzle is fixed by a step arranged in the plug cone skeleton sleeve; the surfaces of the inner nozzle and the plug cone together constitute the aerodynamic surface of the plug nozzle engine; the plug cone is a truncated design, the interior of which is a cavity structure, and the axial length is 30% of the total length of the original plug cone; the plug cone is integrally manufactured by additive manufacturing technology.

3. A method for controlling the thrust vectoring of a solid plug nozzle by using a throat plug according to claim 1, characterized in that: The servo actuation structure adopts differential control, and the thrust of the inner nozzle is adjusted by adjusting the extension and contraction of the throat plug; since the gas pressure of the large thrust inner nozzle is relatively high, the corresponding plug cone surface pressure is also relatively high, resulting in uneven pressure distribution on the plug cone surface, further strengthening the vector control of the plug nozzle; the throat plug material should have good ablation resistance, high temperature resistance and mechanical properties; using the throat plug differential control to achieve thrust vector adjustment of the plug nozzle can effectively reduce the damage of the actuating mechanism to the aerodynamic shape of the plug nozzle, greatly improve the flexibility of the engine thrust vector control, and has the advantages of rapid response, significant vector effect, simple structure, etc., and has low requirements for the overall thermal protection and sealing of the plug nozzle.

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