An inclined L-shaped tooth labyrinth seal structure

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of turbine rotary mechanical seals, and specifically relates to an inclined L-shaped tooth labyrinth seal structure, comprising a stationary ring and a dynamic ring, wherein the inner wall of the stationary ring is evenly distributed with stationary ring teeth, and the outer wall of the dynamic ring is evenly distributed with dynamic ring teeth, the dynamic ring teeth and the stationary ring teeth are staggered, and the stationary ring teeth and the dynamic ring teeth are respectively arranged in an inclined L-shape, wherein the dynamic ring teeth are inclined in the countercurrent direction of the sealing fluid, blocking the flow of the sealing fluid during rotation, increasing turbulent kinetic energy, intensifying the degree to which the fluid pressure energy is converted into heat energy dissipation, and reducing leakage. The stationary ring teeth are inclined in the direction of the sealing fluid flow, so that multiple sealing cavities are formed between the staggered stationary ring teeth and dynamic ring teeth. The L-shaped structure can increase vortex dissipation within the sealing cavity. Various gaps exist between the stationary ring teeth, the dynamic ring teeth, the stationary ring, and the dynamic ring. The sealing fluid passes through the above-mentioned sealing cavities and sealing gaps, further converting pressure energy into heat energy dissipation, thereby achieving sealing and reducing leakage losses under high parameter conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of turbine rotary mechanical seals, and in particular relates to an inclined L-shaped tooth labyrinth seal structure. Background Art

[0002] In turbomachinery such as steam turbines, gas turbines, and compressors, a gap is typically maintained between the rotating and stationary components to prevent collisions and potential safety issues. However, this gap can lead to fluid leakage within the seal, reducing the overall unit's operating efficiency and economic efficiency. Studies have shown that leakage losses in steam turbines account for approximately 22% of the unit's total losses. To reduce leakage losses, sealing structures are incorporated into rotating machinery to minimize leakage and improve both economical operation and performance.

[0003] Commonly used rotary seal structures include labyrinth seals, honeycomb seals, brush seals, finger seals, and vane seals. Labyrinth seals are widely used in various rotating machinery due to their simple structure, safety, reliability, easy installation, and low friction. Their operating principle is as follows: a labyrinth seal consists of a series of sealing teeth with gaps between them. These teeth and gaps increase resistance to fluid flow, thereby reducing leakage. Specifically, when fluid passes through the first sealing tooth of a labyrinth seal, the cross-sectional area through which the fluid passes suddenly decreases, accelerating the fluid velocity and converting some of the static pressure energy into kinetic energy. As the fluid passes through the gap between the teeth, the area suddenly expands, forming a vortex, which converts kinetic energy into heat energy and reduces pressure. After passing through a series of sealing teeth, the pressure gradually decreases, eventually reaching atmospheric pressure, thus achieving a seal. Common labyrinth seal structures include straight-through labyrinth seals, stepped labyrinth seals, and staggered labyrinth seals. These sealing structures are suitable for low-pressure or low-speed operating conditions and can reduce fluid leakage. However, as rotating machinery gradually develops towards high pressure and high speed, system leakage losses are further aggravated. The currently commonly used structures are difficult to meet the demand for low leakage under high parameter conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the difficulty of achieving low leakage under high-parameter operating conditions with existing common labyrinth seals, the present invention designs a labyrinth seal structure with tilted L-shaped teeth, which can reduce leakage losses under these conditions. This labyrinth seal structure improves energy dissipation during fluid flow by adjusting the structure of the dynamic and static ring seal teeth. It also utilizes the gaps and sealing cavities formed between the dynamic and static ring seal teeth to seal the fluid, thereby reducing leakage of the sealing medium.

[0005] The present invention is specifically implemented through the following solutions.

[0006] The present invention provides an inclined L-shaped tooth labyrinth seal structure, comprising a stationary ring and a dynamic ring, wherein the stationary ring is fixed on the stationary component, and the dynamic ring is located inside the stationary ring and fixed on the rotating component, and a gap is provided between the stationary ring and the dynamic ring, and the inner wall of the stationary ring is evenly distributed with stationary ring teeth, and the outer wall of the dynamic ring is evenly distributed with dynamic ring teeth, and the stationary ring teeth and the dynamic ring teeth are both located in the gap, and the stationary ring teeth and the dynamic ring teeth are staggered along the axial direction; as the rotating component rotates, the dynamic ring teeth move circumferentially around the center of the rotating component between two adjacent stationary ring teeth.

[0007] The stationary ring tooth includes a first stationary ring tooth structure, one end of the first stationary ring tooth structure is fixed on the inner wall of the stationary ring, and the other end is inclined toward the flow direction of the sealing fluid and is connected to one end of the second stationary ring tooth structure near the outer wall of the dynamic ring. The other end of the second stationary ring tooth structure extends in the countercurrent direction of the sealing fluid, forming an inclined L-shaped structure with the first stationary ring tooth structure.

[0008] The dynamic ring tooth includes a first dynamic ring tooth structure, which is located between two adjacent first static ring tooth structures. One end of the first dynamic ring tooth structure is fixed on the outer wall of the dynamic ring, and the other end is inclined in the countercurrent direction of the sealing fluid and is connected to one end of the second dynamic ring tooth structure near the inner wall of the static ring. The other end of the second dynamic ring tooth structure extends in the countercurrent direction of the sealing fluid, forming an inclined L-shaped structure with the first dynamic ring tooth structure.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first stationary ring tooth structure is parallel to the first dynamic ring tooth structure, and the second stationary ring tooth structure is parallel to the second dynamic ring tooth structure.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the angle between the first stationary ring tooth structure and the inner wall of the stationary ring is 120° to 140°.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the angle between the second stationary ring tooth structure and the first stationary ring tooth structure is 40° to 60°.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gap between the second stationary ring tooth structure and the outer wall of the dynamic ring is 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gap between the second dynamic ring tooth structure and the inner wall of the static ring is 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gap between the second stationary ring tooth structure and the adjacent first dynamic ring tooth structure is 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gap between the second dynamic ring tooth structure and the adjacent first stationary ring tooth structure is 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention designs an inclined L-shaped tooth labyrinth seal structure that can reduce leakage losses. The seal structure includes a stationary ring and a dynamic ring. The inner wall of the stationary ring is evenly distributed with stationary ring teeth, and the outer wall of the dynamic ring is evenly distributed with dynamic ring teeth. Axially, a dynamic ring tooth is arranged between two adjacent stationary ring teeth, that is, the dynamic ring teeth and the stationary ring teeth are staggered. As the rotating component rotates, the dynamic ring teeth move circumferentially between the two adjacent stationary ring teeth. The present invention has structurally designed the stationary ring teeth and the dynamic ring teeth so that the sealed fluid passes through the multi-level structure under high parameter conditions, gradually converting pressure energy into heat energy dissipation, thereby reducing leakage. Specifically, the following structural designs are implemented:

[0018] The stationary ring teeth and the dynamic ring teeth are each arranged in an inclined L-shape, wherein the dynamic ring teeth are inclined in the countercurrent direction of the sealing fluid, blocking the flow of the sealing fluid during rotation, increasing turbulent kinetic energy, intensifying the degree to which the fluid pressure energy is converted into heat energy dissipation, and reducing leakage. The stationary ring teeth are inclined in the direction of the sealing fluid flow, so that multiple sealing cavities are formed between the staggered stationary ring teeth and the dynamic ring teeth. The L-shaped structure can increase the vortex dissipation inside the sealing cavity. Various gaps exist between the stationary ring teeth, dynamic ring teeth, stationary rings and dynamic rings. The sealing fluid passes through the above-mentioned sealing cavities and sealing gaps, further converting the pressure energy into heat energy dissipation, thereby achieving sealing and reducing leakage losses under high-parameter working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the inclined L-shaped tooth labyrinth seal structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the rotating shaft.

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the casing structure.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0023] Description of reference numerals:

[0024] 1. Stationary ring; 2. Stationary ring teeth; 2-1. First stationary ring tooth structure; 2-2. Second stationary ring tooth structure; 3. Moving ring; 4. Moving ring teeth; 4-1. First moving ring tooth structure; 4-2. Second moving ring tooth structure; 5. First sealing gap; 6. Second sealing gap; 7. Gap; 7-1. Sealing chamber; 8. Rotating shaft; 9. Casing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] In order to solve the problem that it is difficult to meet the low leakage requirement under high-parameter working conditions, the present invention designs an inclined L-shaped tooth labyrinth seal structure, which includes a static ring 1 and a dynamic ring 3. The static ring 1 is fixed on the static component, and the dynamic ring 3 is located inside the static ring 1 and fixed on the rotating component. There is a gap 7 between the static ring 1 and the dynamic ring 3. The inner wall of the static ring 1 is evenly distributed with static ring teeth 2, and the outer wall of the dynamic ring 3 is evenly distributed with dynamic ring teeth 4. The static ring teeth 2 and the dynamic ring teeth 4 are both located in the gap 7, and the static ring teeth 2 and the dynamic ring teeth 4 are staggered in the axial direction; as the rotating component rotates, the dynamic ring teeth 4 moves circumferentially around the center of the rotating component between two adjacent static ring teeth 2. The stationary ring tooth 2 includes a first stationary ring tooth structure 2-1, one end of the first stationary ring tooth structure 2-1 is fixed on the inner wall of the stationary ring 1, and the other end is inclined in the direction of the incoming flow of the sealing fluid and is connected to one end of the second stationary ring tooth structure 2-2 near the outer wall of the moving ring 3, and the other end of the second stationary ring tooth structure 2-2 extends in the countercurrent direction of the sealing fluid, forming an inclined L-shaped structure with the first stationary ring tooth structure 2-1; the moving ring tooth 4 includes a first moving ring tooth structure 4-1, the first moving ring tooth structure 4-1 is located between two adjacent first stationary ring tooth structures 2-1, one end of the first moving ring tooth structure 4-1 is fixed on the outer wall of the moving ring 3, and the other end is inclined in the countercurrent direction of the sealing fluid and is connected to one end of the second moving ring tooth structure 4-2 near the inner wall of the stationary ring 1, and the other end of the second moving ring tooth structure 4-2 extends in the countercurrent direction of the sealing fluid, forming an inclined L-shaped structure with the first moving ring tooth structure 4-1.

[0027] The present invention arranges the static ring teeth 2 and the dynamic ring teeth 4 into an inclined L-shape, wherein the dynamic ring teeth 4 are inclined in the countercurrent direction of the sealing fluid, blocking the incoming flow of the sealing fluid during rotation, increasing turbulent kinetic energy, intensifying the degree to which the fluid pressure energy is converted into heat energy dissipation, and reducing leakage. The static ring teeth 2 are inclined in the incoming flow direction of the sealing fluid, so that a plurality of sealing cavities are formed between the staggered static ring teeth 2 and the dynamic ring teeth 4. The second static ring tooth structure 2-2 and the second dynamic ring tooth structure 4-2 can increase the vortex dissipation inside the sealing cavity. Various gaps exist between the static ring teeth 2, the dynamic ring teeth 4, the static ring 1 and the dynamic ring 3. The sealing fluid passes through the above-mentioned sealing cavities and sealing gaps, further converting the pressure energy into heat energy dissipation, thereby achieving sealing and reducing leakage losses under high parameter conditions.

[0028] The above contents of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides an inclined L-shaped tooth labyrinth seal structure that can reduce leakage loss. The structure includes a stationary ring 1 and a dynamic ring 3. The dynamic ring 3 is fixed to the rotating component. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotating component can be a rotating shaft 8. The dynamic ring 3 rotates with the rotating shaft 8. The stationary ring 1 is fixed to the inner wall of the stationary component. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stationary component is a housing 9, and the stationary ring 1 is stationary. Among them, the structure of the rotating shaft 8 is as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the structure of the housing 9 is as follows Figure 3 As shown in the figure, during installation, the entire sealing ring, consisting of the stationary ring 1 and the dynamic ring 3, is assembled from six independent sector rings. The sector angle of each of the six sector rings is 60°, which ensures the sealing ring is securely mounted and positioned within the casing, facilitates installation and removal, and prevents excessive deformation. The positioning angle θ is 20°.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, a gap 7 exists between the stationary ring 1 and the dynamic ring 3. Several stationary ring teeth 2 are distributed on the inner wall of the stationary ring 1, and several dynamic ring teeth 4 are distributed on the outer wall of the dynamic ring 3. Both the stationary ring teeth 2 and the dynamic ring teeth 4 are located in the sealed gap 7, and the stationary ring teeth 2 and the dynamic ring teeth 4 are arranged in an alternating pattern. When the rotating shaft 8 rotates, the dynamic ring 3 rotates synchronously. Since the stationary ring 1 is stationary, the stationary ring teeth 2 and the dynamic ring teeth 4 rotate relative to each other. The stationary ring teeth 2 are stationary, while the dynamic ring teeth 4 rotate around the rotating shaft. In order to realize the above-mentioned movement, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stationary ring teeth 2 and the dynamic ring teeth 4 are further arranged as follows: several groups of static ring sealing structures are evenly arranged along the axial direction on the inner wall of the stationary ring 1, and each group of static ring sealing structures includes several stationary ring teeth 2, and several stationary ring teeth 2 are arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the stationary ring 1; along the axial direction, a dynamic ring tooth 4 is arranged between two adjacent stationary ring teeth 2, and the dynamic ring tooth 4 is arranged on the outer wall of the dynamic ring 3. As the rotating shaft 8 rotates, the dynamic ring tooth 4 moves circumferentially around the center of the rotating shaft 8 between two adjacent stationary ring teeth 2.

[0030] The stationary ring tooth 2 includes a first stationary ring tooth structure 2-1, one end of the first stationary ring tooth structure 2-1 is fixed on the inner wall of the stationary ring 1, and the other end is inclined in the direction of the incoming flow of the sealing fluid and is connected to one end of the second stationary ring tooth structure 2-2 near the outer wall of the moving ring 3, and the other end of the second stationary ring tooth structure 2-2 extends in the countercurrent direction of the sealing fluid, forming an inclined L-shaped structure with the first stationary ring tooth structure 2-1; the moving ring tooth 4 includes a first moving ring tooth structure 4-1, the first moving ring tooth structure 4-1 is located between two adjacent first stationary ring tooth structures 2-1, one end of the first moving ring tooth structure 4-1 is fixed on the outer wall of the moving ring 3, and the other end is inclined in the countercurrent direction of the sealing fluid and is connected to one end of the second moving ring tooth structure 4-2 near the inner wall of the stationary ring 1, and the other end of the second moving ring tooth structure 4-2 extends in the countercurrent direction of the sealing fluid, forming an inclined L-shaped structure with the first moving ring tooth structure 4-1.

[0031] The inclined L-shaped structure of the dynamic ring gear 4 is tilted against the flow direction of the sealed fluid, blocking the incoming flow of the sealed fluid during rotation, increasing turbulent kinetic energy, intensifying the degree to which the fluid pressure energy is converted into heat energy dissipation, and reducing leakage. The stationary ring gear 2 is tilted toward the incoming flow to be parallel to the dynamic ring gear 4, forming a multi-stage sealed cavity. The second stationary ring gear structure 2-2 and the second dynamic ring gear structure 4-2 can increase vortex dissipation within the sealed cavity. Various gaps exist between the first stationary ring gear structure 2-1, the second stationary ring gear structure 2-2, the first dynamic ring gear structure 4-1, the second dynamic ring gear structure 4-2, the stationary ring 1, and the dynamic ring 3. The sealed fluid passes through these sealed cavities and sealing gaps, further converting pressure energy into heat energy dissipation, sealing the fluid and thereby reducing leakage of the sealed fluid. Based on the above sealing mechanism, to improve the sealing effect, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first stationary ring gear structure 2-1 is parallel to the first dynamic ring gear structure 4-1, and the second stationary ring gear structure 2-2 is parallel to the second dynamic ring gear structure 4-2. The inclination angle between the first stationary ring tooth structure 2-1 and the inner wall of the stationary ring 1 is 120-140°. The angle between the second stationary ring tooth structure 2-2 and the first stationary ring tooth structure 2-1 is 40-60°.

[0032] Since the dynamic ring 3 rotates with the rotating shaft 8, if the distance between the second stationary ring tooth structure 2-2 and the outer wall of the dynamic ring 3 is too small, it will affect the rotation of the dynamic ring 3. If the distance between the two is too large, when the fluid passes through the first sealing gap 5 between the two, the effect of converting part of the pressure contained in the sealing fluid into kinetic energy will be reduced, thereby affecting the final effect of converting pressure energy into kinetic energy, and may cause leakage of the sealed fluid. Based on this, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the second stationary ring tooth structure 2-2 and the outer wall of the dynamic ring 3 is 0.2mm to 0.4mm.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spacing between the second dynamic ring tooth structure 4-2 and the inner wall of the stationary ring 1 is 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm. Similarly, since the dynamic ring 3 rotates with the rotating shaft 8, if the distance between the second dynamic ring tooth structure 4-2 and the inner wall of the stationary ring 1 is too small, the rotation of the dynamic ring 3 will be affected. If the distance between the two is too large, when the fluid passes through the second sealing gap 6 between the two, the effect of converting a portion of the pressure contained in the sealing fluid into kinetic energy will be reduced, thereby affecting the final conversion of pressure energy into kinetic energy and possibly causing leakage of the sealing fluid.

[0034] For the same reason, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gap between the second stationary ring tooth structure 2-2 and the adjacent first dynamic ring tooth structure 4-1 is 0.2mm to 0.4mm. Since the dynamic ring 3 rotates with the rotating shaft 8, if the distance between the second stationary ring tooth structure 2-2 and the adjacent first dynamic ring tooth structure 4-1 is too small, it will affect the rotation of the dynamic ring 3. If the distance between the two is too large, when the fluid passes through the gap between them, the effect of converting a portion of the pressure contained in the sealing fluid into kinetic energy will be reduced, thereby affecting the final conversion of pressure energy into kinetic energy and possibly causing leakage of the sealed fluid.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gap between the second dynamic ring tooth structure 4-2 and the adjacent first stationary ring tooth structure 2-1 is 0.2mm to 0.4mm. Since the dynamic ring 3 rotates with the rotating shaft 8, if the distance between the second dynamic ring tooth structure 4-2 and the adjacent first stationary ring tooth structure 2-1 is too small, it will affect the rotation of the dynamic ring 3. If the distance between the two is too large, when the fluid passes through the gap between them, the effect of converting a portion of the pressure contained in the sealing fluid into kinetic energy will be reduced, thereby affecting the final conversion of pressure energy into kinetic energy and possibly causing leakage of the sealing fluid.

[0036] When rotating shaft 8 is operating normally, sealing fluid flows into gap 7 between dynamic ring 3 and stationary ring 1. First, a portion of the sealing fluid passes through the first sealing gap 5 between the second stationary ring tooth structure 2-2 and the wall of dynamic ring 3. During this process, some of the sealing fluid's pressure energy is converted into kinetic energy, which is then dissipated as heat energy due to friction. After entering the sealing chamber 7-1 between the stationary ring teeth 2 and the dynamic ring teeth 4, the second stationary ring tooth structure 2-2 and the second dynamic ring tooth structure 4-2 prevent the fluid from flowing radially and form vortices with the L-shaped sealing teeth at the corners, further dissipating the kinetic energy. The fluid that has passed through the sealing gap passes through the second sealing gap 6 between the second dynamic ring tooth structure 4-2 and the wall of static ring 1 and flows into the next sealing chamber 7-1. During this process, the fluid's pressure energy is again dissipated in the same manner. This process repeats, ultimately converting most of the sealing fluid's pressure energy into heat energy and dissipating it, thus achieving the goal of low leakage. It should be emphasized that, compared with the currently commonly used simple labyrinth sealing structure, under high parameter working conditions, the present invention gradually reduces the pressure energy of the sealing fluid through the above-mentioned multi-stage energy conversion process, converts it into heat energy, and thus prevents the leakage of the sealing fluid.

[0037] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, such changes and modifications are intended to be included.

Claims

1. An inclined L-shaped tooth labyrinth seal structure, comprising a stationary ring (1) and a dynamic ring (3), wherein the stationary ring (1) is fixed on a stationary component, and the dynamic ring (3) is located inside the stationary ring (1) and fixed on a rotating component, and a gap (7) is provided between the stationary ring (1) and the dynamic ring (3), characterized in that: The inner wall of the stationary ring (1) is evenly distributed with stationary ring teeth (2), and the outer wall of the dynamic ring (3) is evenly distributed with dynamic ring teeth (4), the stationary ring teeth (2) and the dynamic ring teeth (4) are both located in the gap (7), and the stationary ring teeth (2) and the dynamic ring teeth (4) are staggered along the axial direction; as the rotating component rotates, the dynamic ring teeth (4) move circumferentially around the center of the rotating component between two adjacent stationary ring teeth (2); The stationary ring tooth (2) comprises a first stationary ring tooth structure (2-1), one end of the first stationary ring tooth structure (2-1) is fixed on the inner wall of the stationary ring (1), the other end is inclined toward the flow direction of the sealing fluid and is connected to one end of the second stationary ring tooth structure (2-2) near the outer wall of the dynamic ring (3), the other end of the second stationary ring tooth structure (2-2) extends in the countercurrent direction of the sealing fluid, and forms an inclined L-shaped structure with the first stationary ring tooth structure (2-1); The movable ring tooth (4) includes a first movable ring tooth structure (4-1), the first movable ring tooth structure (4-1) is located between two adjacent first stationary ring tooth structures (2-1), one end of the first movable ring tooth structure (4-1) is fixed on the outer wall of the movable ring (3), and the other end is inclined in the countercurrent direction of the sealing fluid and connected to one end of the second movable ring tooth structure (4-2) near the inner wall of the stationary ring (1), the other end of the second movable ring tooth structure (4-2) extends in the countercurrent direction of the sealing fluid, and forms an inclined L-shaped structure with the first movable ring tooth structure (4-1).

2. The inclined L-shaped tooth labyrinth seal structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first stationary ring gear structure (2-1) and the first dynamic ring gear structure (4-1) are parallel.

3. The inclined L-shaped tooth labyrinth seal structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle between the first stationary ring tooth structure (2-1) and the inner wall of the stationary ring (1) is 120° to 140°.

4. The inclined L-shaped tooth labyrinth seal structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle between the second stationary ring tooth structure (2-2) and the first stationary ring tooth structure (2-1) is 40° to 60°.

5. The inclined L-shaped tooth labyrinth seal structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between the second stationary ring tooth structure (2-2) and the outer wall of the dynamic ring (3) is 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.

6. The inclined L-shaped tooth labyrinth seal structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between the second dynamic ring tooth structure (4-2) and the inner wall of the static ring (1) is 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.

7. The inclined L-shaped tooth labyrinth seal structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between the second stationary ring tooth structure (2-2) and the adjacent first dynamic ring tooth structure (4-1) is 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.

8. The inclined L-shaped tooth labyrinth seal structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between the second dynamic ring tooth structure (4-2) and the adjacent first static ring tooth structure (2-1) is 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.

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