Beam transformer and installation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a beam transformer and an installation method thereof. The beam transformer comprises a first flange, a second flange, an annular magnetic core coil, a ceramic gap ring and a circumferential plate capacitor. A mounting groove is formed between the first flange and the second flange, and the annular magnetic core coil, the circumferential plate capacitor and the ceramic gap ring are arranged in the mounting groove; the circumferential plate capacitor is arranged between the annular magnetic core coil and the ceramic gap ring; wherein the circumferential plate capacitor is arranged on the outer circumference of the ceramic gap ring. By adopting the technical scheme, the interference of high-frequency interference signals on the measurement of the microampere-level weak-current strong pulse beam is eliminated by using the circumferential plate capacitor, the accuracy and the reliability of detecting the intensity of the particle beam are improved, and the measurement of the intensity of the microampere-level pulse beam in a strong electromagnetic interference environment is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of particle accelerator beam measurement, and in particular to a beam transformer and a mounting method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The beam transformer is a non-intercepting detector used in particle accelerators to detect the intensity of particle beams. Its main body is a magnetic ring and windings. The changing magnetic field of the pulsed beam will cause changes in the magnetic field strength in the magnetic material. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, the beam is regarded as the primary winding of the transformer, and the magnetic ring winding is used as the secondary coil. The secondary coil induces a current signal. The two ends of the lead of the secondary coil are connected to an ammeter or an amplifier circuit, which can be used to measure the intensity and time structure of the pulsed beam.

[0003] When the existing beam transformer measures microampere-level weak and strong pulse beams, the compact flange-type beam transformer consists of only a magnetic ring and a secondary winding. The high-frequency interference caused by the beam passing through a vacuum pipe or a cable in space will also be sensed by the magnetic ring. The output signal of the secondary winding contains not only the real beam signal but also a large amount of interference signals and noise, which reduces the signal-to-noise ratio of the probe and even makes effective detection impossible. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a beam transformer and an installation method thereof, which can eliminate the interference of high-frequency interference signals on microampere-level weak-current pulse beam measurement, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of detecting particle beam intensity.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a beam transformer, the beam transformer comprising: a first flange, a second flange, a ring-shaped magnetic core coil, a ceramic gap ring and a circumferential flat plate capacitor;

[0006] A mounting groove is provided between the first flange and the second flange, and the annular magnetic core coil, the circumferential plate capacitor and the ceramic gap ring are arranged in the mounting groove;

[0007] The circumferential flat plate capacitor is arranged between the annular magnetic core coil and the ceramic gap ring; wherein the circumferential flat plate capacitor is arranged on the outer circumference of the ceramic gap ring.

[0008] Optionally, the circumferential flat plate capacitor includes a first metal layer, a first insulating layer and a second metal layer;

[0009] The first insulating layer is between the first metal layer and the second metal layer.

[0010] Optionally, the beam transformer further includes a second insulating layer;

[0011] The first metal layer is between the first insulating layer and the toroidal magnetic core coil;

[0012] The second insulating layer is between the ceramic gap ring and the second metal layer.

[0013] Optionally, the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer are polyimide films.

[0014] Optionally, the first metal layer is welded to the second flange, and the second metal layer is welded to the first flange;

[0015] The projections of the first metal layer and the second metal layer in the first direction partially overlap;

[0016] Wherein, the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the outer circumferential surface of the ceramic gap ring.

[0017] Optionally, the width of the first insulating layer in the second direction is greater than the width of the first metal layer in the second direction, and the width of the first insulating layer in the second direction is greater than the width of the second metal layer in the second direction;

[0018] Wherein, the second direction is a direction parallel to the outer circumferential surface of the ceramic gap ring.

[0019] Optionally, the annular magnetic core coil includes an annular magnetic core, a signal coil wound around the annular magnetic core, and a calibration coil wound around the annular magnetic core.

[0020] Optionally, the beam transformer further comprises a base joint box, which is disposed on the annular outer surfaces of the first flange and the second flange and is electrically connected to the signal coil and the calibration coil;

[0021] The base connector box includes a four-core connector or a two-core connector;

[0022] The four-core connector includes a first connector and a second connector located on the surface of the semi-cylinder, and a third connector and a fourth connector located on the bottom surface of the base connector box, and the positive connector and the negative connector of the signal coil and the positive connector and the negative connector of the calibration coil are electrically connected to the first connector, the second connector, the third connector and the fourth connector respectively;

[0023] The two-core connector includes a fifth connector and a sixth connector that are coaxially distributed, and a seventh connector and an eighth connector that are coaxially distributed. The positive terminal and the negative terminal of the signal coil and the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the calibration coil are electrically connected to the fifth connector, the sixth connector, the seventh connector and the eighth connector, respectively.

[0024] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for installing a beam transformer, which is applied to the beam transformer as described in any one of the first aspects, wherein the beam transformer comprises: a first flange, a second flange, a ring-shaped magnetic core coil, a ceramic gap ring, and a circumferential flat plate capacitor, and the method for installing the beam transformer comprises:

[0025] Welding the second flange to the ceramic gap ring;

[0026] Install the circumferential plate capacitor on the outer circumference of the ceramic gap ring;

[0027] Install the annular magnetic core coil on the outer circumference of the circumferential flat plate capacitor;

[0028] The first flange and the second flange are buckled together, and the first flange and the second flange are fastened by screws through holes;

[0029] The first flange is welded to the ceramic gap ring.

[0030] Optionally, the circumferential flat plate capacitor includes a first metal layer, a first insulating layer, and a second metal layer, and mounting the circumferential flat plate capacitor on the outer circumference of the ceramic gap ring includes:

[0031] Installing the second metal layer on the outer circumference of the ceramic gap ring;

[0032] Installing the first insulating layer on the outer circumference of the second metal layer;

[0033] The first metal layer is installed on the outer circumference of the first insulating layer.

[0034] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention uses the first flange and the second flange as the shell of the beam transformer, and an installation groove is provided in the shell between the first flange and the second flange. The annular magnetic core coil, the circumferential flat plate capacitor and the ceramic gap ring are arranged in a ring shape in sequence in the installation groove, wherein the circumferential flat plate capacitor is arranged on the outer circumference of the ceramic gap ring, and the circumferential flat plate capacitor is arranged between the annular magnetic core and the ceramic gap ring. The circumferential flat plate capacitor is used to eliminate the interference of high-frequency interference signals on the measurement of microampere-level weak current pulse beam, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of detecting particle beam intensity and realizing the measurement of microampere-level pulse beam intensity in a strong electromagnetic interference environment.

[0035] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a beam current transformer provided according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a beam current transformer provided according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of another beam current transformer provided according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of another beam current transformer provided according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 is a partial structural schematic diagram of another beam current transformer provided according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 is a partial structural schematic diagram of another beam current transformer provided according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 is a partial structural schematic diagram of another beam current transformer provided according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 is a partial structural schematic diagram of another beam current transformer provided according to the present invention;

[0045] Fig. 9 is a flow chart of a method for installing a beam transformer according to the present invention;

[0046] Fig.10 The figure is a flow chart of another method for installing a beam transformer according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0049] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0050] Embodiment 1

[0051] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a beam current transformer provided according to the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the partial structure of a beam transformer provided according to the present invention. This embodiment can be applied to particle accelerators to detect particle beam intensity. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The beam transformer 100 provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes: a first flange 1, a second flange 2, a ring-shaped magnetic core coil 3, a ceramic gap ring 4 and a circumferential flat plate capacitor 5; a mounting groove 6 is provided between the first flange 1 and the second flange 2, and the ring-shaped magnetic core coil 3, the circumferential flat plate capacitor 5 and the ceramic gap ring 4 are arranged in the mounting groove 6; the circumferential flat plate capacitor 5 is arranged between the ring-shaped magnetic core coil 3 and the ceramic gap ring 4.

[0052] Among them, the circumferential plate capacitor 5 is arranged on the outer circumference of the ceramic gap ring 4. The beam transformer is a non-intercepting detector used to detect the intensity of particle beam in the particle accelerator. It is used to monitor the pulse beam current passing through the acceleration pipeline. Its main body is a magnetic ring and winding. When the beam passes through the magnetic ring, the changing magnetic field of the pulse beam will cause the magnetic field intensity in the magnetic material to change. The beam is regarded as the primary winding of the transformer, and the magnetic ring winding is used as the secondary coil. The secondary coil induces a current signal. The two ends of the lead of the secondary coil are connected to an ammeter or an amplifier circuit, which can be used to measure the intensity and time structure of the pulse beam to ensure the normal operation of the accelerator and optimize its performance.

[0053] Specifically, the beam transformer 100 includes a first flange 1 and a second flange 2, which are interlocked to form a shell of the beam transformer 100. There is a mounting groove 6 inside the shell, and the mounting groove 6 is used to install the annular magnetic core coil 3, the circumferential flat plate capacitor 5 and the ceramic gap ring 4. The annular magnetic core coil 3, the circumferential flat plate capacitor 5 and the ceramic gap ring 4 are distributed in a ring shape in the mounting groove, the circumferential flat plate capacitor 5 is arranged on the outer circumference of the ceramic gap ring 4, and the annular magnetic core coil 3 is arranged on the outer circumference of the circumferential flat plate capacitor 5. Since the beam in a charged particle accelerator generally flies in an ultra-high vacuum pipe, the flange-type beam transformer 100 is also an ultra-high vacuum component. Therefore, the ceramic gap ring 4 is arranged at the inner circumference of the beam transformer 100, so that after the ceramic gap ring 4 is welded to the first flange 1 and the second flange 2, the inner circumference of the ceramic gap ring 4 and the mounting groove 6 form a closed chamber to maintain the ultra-high vacuum of the beam flight pipe and the beam transformer 100. At the same time, when the particle beam passes through the cylindrical channel in the beam transformer 100 (equivalent to the primary coil), the annular magnetic core coil 3 (equivalent to the secondary coil) can sense the electromagnetic field changes of the beam, thereby realizing the monitoring of the pulsed beam passing through the acceleration pipe.

[0054] In an optional embodiment, the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 are both standard CF interface flanges, and the shortest longitudinal space is 40 mm.

[0055] It is understandable that when the beam transformer 100 is used to measure the microampere-level weak current strong pulse beam, in a complex electromagnetic environment, especially the beam transformer 100 working in a synchrotron tunnel with strong pulse electromagnetic interference, the high-frequency interference signal brought by the beam through the vacuum pipe will also be sensed by the magnetic ring, and the output signal of the ring-shaped magnetic core coil not only contains the real beam signal, but also contains a large amount of high-frequency interference signals, thereby reducing the signal-to-noise ratio of the probe, and even failing to effectively detect the beam. Therefore, the circumferential plate capacitor 5 is arranged between the ring-shaped magnetic core coil 3 and the ceramic gap ring 4 to play the function of the bypass filter capacitor. According to the frequency range of the high-frequency interference signal, the capacitance value of the circumferential plate capacitor 5 is designed to provide a low-impedance mirror path for the high-frequency interference signal. The high-frequency mirror current formed is consistent with the high-frequency part in the beam, and the direction is opposite, thereby offsetting the high-frequency part in the beam, so that the current finally sensed by the beam transformer 100 is the low-frequency part in the beam spectrum, and accurate measurement of the microampere-level weak current strong pulse beam is achieved.

[0056] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first flange and the second flange are used as the shell of the beam transformer, and a mounting groove is provided in the shell between the first flange and the second flange. The annular magnetic core coil, the circumferential flat plate capacitor and the ceramic gap ring are arranged in a ring shape in sequence in the mounting groove, wherein the circumferential flat plate capacitor is arranged on the outer circumference of the ceramic gap ring, and the circumferential flat plate capacitor is arranged between the annular magnetic core and the ceramic gap ring. The circumferential flat plate capacitor is used to eliminate the interference of high-frequency interference signals on the measurement of microampere-level weak current pulse beam, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of detecting particle beam intensity and realizing the measurement of microampere-level pulse beam intensity in a strong electromagnetic interference environment.

[0057] Optionally, the circular flat plate capacitor 5 includes a first metal layer 51 , a first insulating layer 7 and a second metal layer 52 ; the first insulating layer 7 is between the first metal layer 51 and the second metal layer 52 .

[0058] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 The circular plate capacitor 5 is composed of a first metal layer 51 and a second metal layer 52 which are parallel to each other, and a first insulating layer 7. The first metal layer 51 and the second metal layer 52 have good electrical conductivity and can provide a low-impedance mirror path for high-frequency interference signals, so as to form a high-frequency mirror current through the circular plate capacitor 5, thereby offsetting the high-frequency part of the beam. The first insulating layer 7 is between the first metal layer 51 and the second metal layer 52, and is used to isolate the charges on the two metal layers, prevent the first metal layer 51 and the second metal layer 52 from forming direct contact, thereby avoiding the occurrence of a short circuit inside the capacitor, which helps to extend the service life of the capacitor and reduce failures and maintenance costs caused by short circuits.

[0059] Exemplarily, the materials of the first metal layer 51 and the second metal layer 52 may be copper, aluminum, etc.; the material of the first insulating layer 7 may be ceramic, polymer film, etc. It should be noted that, as long as the corresponding functions of the above-mentioned circular plate capacitor 5 can be achieved, the present embodiment does not specifically limit the types of materials of the first metal layer 51, the first insulating layer 7, and the second metal layer 52.

[0060] Optionally, the beam transformer 100 further includes a second insulating layer 8 ; the first metal layer 51 is between the first insulating layer 7 and the toroidal core coil 3 ; and the second insulating layer 8 is between the ceramic gap ring 4 and the second metal layer 52 .

[0061] Specifically, refer to Figure 3The first metal layer 51 is arranged between the first insulating layer 7 and the annular magnetic core coil 3; the second insulating layer 8 is arranged between the ceramic gap ring 4 and the second metal layer 52, which can effectively isolate the direct contact between the ceramic gap ring 4 and the circumferential flat plate capacitor 5, and prevent the short circuit between the ceramic gap ring 4 and the circumferential flat plate capacitor 5, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the circumferential flat plate capacitor 5 during normal operation.

[0062] Optionally, the first insulating layer 7 and the second insulating layer 8 are polyimide films.

[0063] Specifically, as can be seen from the above, the circular flat plate capacitor 5 is used to provide a low-impedance mirror path for high-frequency interference signals, and the current it carries is mostly high-frequency current. The polyimide film has the characteristics of high breakdown strength, low dielectric constant and high corona resistance. The polyimide film is used as the material of the first insulating layer 7 and the second insulating layer 8, and its dielectric constant is 3.5, which makes it have a lower capacitance under high-frequency voltage, which helps to improve the working efficiency of the beam transformer; at the same time, the polyimide film can remain stable under high-frequency voltage, effectively prevent the occurrence of corona discharge and breakdown, ensure the safe operation of the beam transformer, and reduce the maintenance frequency and cost of the beam transformer.

[0064] Optionally, the first metal layer 51 is welded to the second flange 2 , and the second metal layer 52 is welded to the first flange 1 ; the projections of the first metal layer 51 and the second metal layer 52 in the first direction X partially overlap; wherein the first direction X is a direction perpendicular to the outer circumferential surface of the ceramic gap ring 4 .

[0065] Specifically, refer to Figures 1 to 3 , the first metal layer 51 is welded to the second flange 2 and insulated from the first flange 1; the second metal layer 52 is welded to the first flange 1 and insulated from the second flange, that is, the projections of the first metal layer 51 and the second metal layer 52 along the first direction X perpendicular to the outer circumferential surface of the ceramic gap ring 4 partially overlap. Exemplarily, the first direction may be the radial direction of the first flange and / or the second flange.

[0066] In an optional embodiment, the thickness of the first insulating layer 7, the relative dielectric constant of the first insulating layer 7 and the overlapping area of ​​the projections of the first metal layer 51 and the second metal layer 52 in the first direction X determine the capacitance of the circular plate capacitor. The specific calculation formula is:

[0067] S=Cd / ε r ε0

[0068] Wherein, S is the overlapping area of ​​the projection of the first metal layer 51 and the second metal layer 52 in the first direction X, C is the capacitance of the circular plate capacitor, d is the thickness of the first insulating layer, ε ris the relative dielectric constant of the first insulating layer, and ε0 is the dielectric constant of vacuum.

[0069] For details, please refer to Figure 3 According to the frequency range of the high-frequency interference signal in the beam, the capacitance C of the circular flat plate capacitor 5 is designed, and then according to the above calculation formula, in the mounting groove 7 formed by the first flange 1 and the second flange 2, the thickness of the first insulating layer 7 and the overlapping area of ​​the projection of the first metal layer 51 and the second metal layer 52 in the first direction X are adjusted, so as to achieve the targeted offset of the high-frequency part of the beam, thereby improving the application flexibility and adaptability of the beam transformer.

[0070] Optionally, the width of the first insulating layer 7 in the second direction Y is greater than the width of the first metal layer 51 in the second direction Y, and the width of the first insulating layer 7 in the second direction Y is greater than the width of the second metal layer 52 in the second direction Y; wherein the second direction Y is a direction parallel to the outer circumferential surface of the ceramic gap ring 4.

[0071] For details, please refer to Figure 3 , the width of the first insulating layer 7 of the circumferential flat plate capacitor 5 in the second direction Y parallel to the outer circumferential surface of the ceramic gap ring 4 is greater than the width of the first metal layer 51 and the second metal layer 52 in the second direction Y parallel to the outer circumferential surface of the ceramic gap ring 4. The wider first insulating layer 7 can more effectively isolate the first metal layer 51 and the second metal layer 52 to prevent them from directly contacting, thereby avoiding the occurrence of short circuits, and helping to maintain the stability of the electric field between the first metal layer 51 and the second metal layer 52. At the same time, the wider first insulating layer 7 can increase the overall tensile strength of the circumferential flat plate capacitor 5, making it more stable when subjected to external forces, and helping to improve the seismic performance of the beam transformer. Exemplarily, the second direction can be the axial direction of the first flange and / or the second flange.

[0072] Optionally, the annular magnetic core coil 3 includes an annular magnetic core 31 , a signal coil 32 wound around the annular magnetic core 31 , and a calibration coil 33 wound around the annular magnetic core 31 .

[0073] The number of turns of the signal coil 32 may be N, where N is a natural number greater than 1; the number of turns of the calibration coil 33 may be 1, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0074] Specifically, refer to Figure 4When the charged beam passes through the beam transformer 100, the magnetic flux in the toroidal core will be changed, thereby generating an induced electromotive force in the signal coil 32. The magnitude of the induced electromotive force is proportional to the intensity of the beam. The induced electromotive force is drawn out from the signal coil 32 through the positive and negative terminals of the signal coil 32, and connected to an ammeter or an amplifier circuit, which can be used to measure the intensity and time structure of the pulse beam, thereby measuring the intensity of the charged beam. A calibration coil 33 is added, and a standard magnetic field of known intensity is generated by energizing the calibration coil 33. When the standard magnetic field acts on the beam transformer 100, an induced electromotive force is generated inside it. The induced electromotive force is amplified by a preamplifier and converted into a digital signal for recording. If it is found that the response of the beam transformer is inconsistent with the standard magnetic field, the source of the system error can be identified, and then the measurement result can be corrected by a software algorithm to improve the accuracy of the calibration and realize the calibration of the beam transformer.

[0075] Optionally, the beam transformer 100 also includes a base joint box 9, which is arranged on the annular outer surface of the first flange 1 and the second flange 2, and is electrically connected to the signal coil 32 and the calibration coil 33; the base joint box 9 includes a four-core joint or a two-core joint; the four-core joint includes a first joint 91 and a second joint 92 located on the surface of the semi-cylinder, and a third joint 93 and a fourth joint 94 located on the bottom surface of the base joint box 9, and the positive terminal and negative terminal of the signal coil 32 and the positive terminal and negative terminal of the calibration coil 33 are electrically connected to the first joint 91, the second joint 92, the third joint 93 and the fourth joint 94 respectively; the two-core joint includes a coaxially distributed fifth joint 95 and a sixth joint 96, and a coaxially distributed seventh joint 97 and an eighth joint 98, and the positive terminal and negative terminal of the signal coil 32 and the positive terminal and negative terminal of the calibration coil 33 are electrically connected to the fifth joint 95, the sixth joint 96, the seventh joint 97 and the eighth joint 98 respectively.

[0076] Specifically, refer to Figures 1 to 7 The base joint box 9 is riveted to the annular outer surface of the first flange 1 and the second flange 2. The base joint box 9 can be a four-core joint, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the base connector box 9 has four groups of connectors, namely, the first connector 91 and the second connector 92 located on the surface of the semi-cylinder, and the third connector 93 and the fourth connector 94 located on the bottom surface of the base connector box 9. The signal coil 32 and the calibration coil 33 are led out with four terminals. Each connector of the base connector box 9 is electrically connected to a terminal, so as to realize the external transmission of the signal coil 32 and the calibration coil 33 of the beam transformer. Exemplarily, the positive terminal of the signal coil 32 is electrically connected to the first terminal 91, the negative terminal of the signal coil 32 is electrically connected to the second terminal 92, the positive terminal of the calibration coil 33 is electrically connected to the third terminal 93, and the negative terminal of the calibration coil 33 is electrically connected to the fourth terminal 94.

[0077] Alternatively, the base connector box 9 may be a two-core connector, such as Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the base connector box 9 has two groups of connectors coaxially distributed in pairs, which are connector groups including coaxially distributed fifth connectors 95 and sixth connectors 96, and connector groups including coaxially distributed seventh connectors 97 and eighth connectors 98. The signal coil 32 and the calibration coil 33 are led out with four terminals. The positive terminal and the negative terminal of the signal coil 32 are electrically connected to a group of connectors coaxially distributed in the base connector box 9, and the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the calibration coil 33 are electrically connected to another group of connectors coaxially distributed in the base connector box 9. Each terminal of the base connector box 9 is electrically connected to a terminal, respectively, to realize the external transmission of the signal coil 32 and the calibration coil 33 of the beam transformer. Exemplarily, the positive terminal of the signal coil 32 is electrically connected to the fifth terminal 95, the negative terminal of the signal coil 32 is electrically connected to the sixth terminal 96, the positive terminal of the calibration coil 33 is electrically connected to the seventh terminal 97, and the negative terminal of the calibration coil 33 is electrically connected to the eighth terminal 98.

[0078] Optionally, the beam transformer 100 also includes a magnetic shielding portion 10; the magnetic shielding portion 10 is arranged in the mounting groove 6 and wraps the annular magnetic core coil 3; wherein the magnetic shielding portion 10 includes a first sub-magnetic shielding portion 101 and a second sub-magnetic shielding portion 102, and the inner circumferential diameter of the second sub-magnetic shielding portion 102 is larger than the outer circumferential diameter of the first sub-shielding portion 101.

[0079] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 8, the first sub-shielding part 101 is buckled on one side of the toroidal magnetic core coil 3, the second sub-shielding part 102 is buckled on the other side of the toroidal magnetic core coil 3, and the inner circumference diameter of the second sub-shielding part 102 is larger than the outer circumference diameter of the first sub-shielding part 101, so that the shielding part 10 formed by the first sub-shielding part 101 and the second sub-shielding part 102 can wrap the toroidal magnetic core coil 3, stabilize the magnetic field environment inside the toroidal magnetic core coil 3, reduce the measurement error caused by the change of the external magnetic field, and improve the accuracy of the beam intensity measurement. Exemplarily, the shielding part 10 can be a buckled Permalloy magnetic shielding box, which is not specifically limited in the present invention.

[0080] Optionally, the beam transformer 100 further includes: a first kovar ring 11 and a second kovar ring 12 ; the ceramic gap ring 4 is welded to the first flange 1 based on the first kovar ring 11 ; and the ceramic gap ring 4 is welded to the second flange 2 based on the second kovar ring 12 .

[0081] For details, please refer to Figure 1 The first Kovar ring 11 and the second Kovar ring 12 provide necessary physical support for the ceramic gap ring, ensuring its stable installation in the beam transformer 100, ensuring that the interior of the beam transformer 100 is ultra-high vacuum, and the first Kovar ring 11 and the second Kovar ring 12 as connecting parts also have electromagnetic shielding function, which can prevent electromagnetic interference from affecting the internal components of the beam transformer. Exemplarily, the materials of the first Kovar ring 11 and the second Kovar ring 12 can be ceramic, 4J33, etc., which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0082] Embodiment 2

[0083] Fig. 9 is a flow chart of a method for installing a beam transformer according to the present invention, the method is applied to the beam transformer provided by the present invention, the beam transformer comprises: a first flange, a second flange, a ring-shaped magnetic core coil, a ceramic gap ring and a circumferential plate capacitor, reference Fig. 9 , the installation method of beam transformer includes:

[0084] S1. Welding the second flange to the ceramic gap ring;

[0085] S2. Install a circumferential plate capacitor on the outer circumference of the ceramic gap ring;

[0086] S3, installing a ring-shaped magnetic core coil on the outer circumference of the circular flat plate capacitor;

[0087] S4, buckle the first flange and the second flange together, and fasten the first flange and the second flange by screwing through holes;

[0088] S5. Weld the first flange to the ceramic gap ring.

[0089] Specifically, the shell of the beam transformer is composed of a first flange and a second flange. The ceramic gap ring, the circumferential plate capacitor and the annular magnetic core coil are all installed in the installation groove formed by the first flange and the second flange. After the ceramic gap ring is welded to the installation groove of the second flange, the circumferential plate capacitor is installed on the outer circumference of the ceramic gap ring, and then the annular magnetic core coil is installed on the outer circumference of the circumferential plate capacitor. Thus, the structure of the ceramic gap ring, the circumferential plate capacitor and the annular magnetic core coil arranged in the installation groove in sequence can be obtained. The first flange is buckled with the second flange that has been installed internally, and the first flange and the second flange are fastened by screws to complete the assembly of the shell of the beam transformer. Finally, the ceramic gap ring is welded to the first flange on the inner circumference of the beam transformer to ensure the ultra-high vacuum inside the beam transformer. After the welding is completed, a clean non-woven cloth is dipped in an appropriate amount of anhydrous ethanol or acetone to wipe the weld marks at the weld.

[0090] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first flange and the second flange are used as the shell of the beam transformer, and a mounting groove is provided in the shell between the first flange and the second flange. The annular magnetic core coil, the circumferential flat plate capacitor and the ceramic gap ring are arranged in a ring shape in sequence in the mounting groove, wherein the circumferential flat plate capacitor is arranged on the outer circumference of the ceramic gap ring, and the circumferential flat plate capacitor is arranged between the annular magnetic core and the ceramic gap ring. The circumferential flat plate capacitor is used to eliminate the interference of high-frequency interference signals on the measurement of microampere-level weak current pulse beam, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of detecting particle beam intensity and realizing the measurement of microampere-level pulse beam intensity in a strong electromagnetic interference environment.

[0091] Optionally, the circumferential plate capacitor includes a first metal layer, a first insulating layer and a second metal layer, referring to Fig.10 , the circumferential plate capacitors installed on the outer circumference of the ceramic gap ring include:

[0092] S21, installing a second metal layer on the outer circumference of the ceramic gap ring;

[0093] S22, installing a first insulating layer on the outer circumference of the second metal layer;

[0094] S23, installing a first metal layer on the outer circumference of the first insulating layer.

[0095] Specifically, the circumferential flat plate capacitor is composed of a first metal layer, a first insulating layer and a second metal layer. The second metal layer, the first insulating layer and the first metal layer are sequentially arranged in a direction away from the outer circumference of the ceramic gap ring.

[0096] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments, combinations and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A beam current transformer, characterized in that: The beam transformer comprises: a first flange, a second flange, a ring-shaped magnetic core coil, a ceramic gap ring and a circumferential flat plate capacitor; A mounting groove is provided between the first flange and the second flange, and the annular magnetic core coil, the circumferential plate capacitor and the ceramic gap ring are arranged in the mounting groove; The circumferential flat plate capacitor is arranged between the annular magnetic core coil and the ceramic gap ring; wherein the circumferential flat plate capacitor is arranged on the outer circumference of the ceramic gap ring.

2. The beam current transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumferential flat plate capacitor comprises a first metal layer, a first insulating layer and a second metal layer; The first insulating layer is between the first metal layer and the second metal layer.

3. The beam current transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The beam current transformer also includes a second insulating layer; The first metal layer is between the first insulating layer and the toroidal magnetic core coil; The second insulating layer is between the ceramic gap ring and the second metal layer.

4. The beam current transformer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first insulating layer and the second insulating layer are polyimide films.

5. The beam current transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first metal layer is welded to the second flange, and the second metal layer is welded to the first flange; The projections of the first metal layer and the second metal layer in the first direction partially overlap; Wherein, the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the outer circumferential surface of the ceramic gap ring.

6. The beam current transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The width of the first insulating layer in the second direction is greater than the width of the first metal layer in the second direction, and the width of the first insulating layer in the second direction is greater than the width of the second metal layer in the second direction; Wherein, the second direction is a direction parallel to the outer circumferential surface of the ceramic gap ring.

7. The beam current transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The toroidal core coil comprises a toroidal core, a signal coil wound around the toroidal core, and a calibration coil wound around the toroidal core.

8. The beam current transformer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The beam current transformer further comprises a base joint box, which is arranged on the annular outer surface of the first flange and the second flange and is electrically connected to the signal coil and the calibration coil; The base connector box includes a four-core connector or a two-core connector; The four-core connector includes a first connector and a second connector located on the surface of the semi-cylinder, and a third connector and a fourth connector located on the bottom surface of the base connector box, and the positive connector and the negative connector of the signal coil and the positive connector and the negative connector of the calibration coil are electrically connected to the first connector, the second connector, the third connector and the fourth connector respectively; The two-core connector includes a fifth connector and a sixth connector that are coaxially distributed, and a seventh connector and an eighth connector that are coaxially distributed. The positive terminal and the negative terminal of the signal coil and the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the calibration coil are electrically connected to the fifth connector, the sixth connector, the seventh connector and the eighth connector, respectively.

9. A method for installing a beam transformer, characterized in that: Applied to the beam transformer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the beam transformer comprises: a first flange, a second flange, a ring-shaped magnetic core coil, a ceramic gap ring and a circumferential flat plate capacitor, and the installation method of the beam transformer comprises: Welding the second flange to the ceramic gap ring; Install the circumferential plate capacitor on the outer circumference of the ceramic gap ring; Install the annular magnetic core coil on the outer circumference of the circumferential flat plate capacitor; The first flange and the second flange are buckled together, and the first flange and the second flange are fastened by screws through holes; The first flange is welded to the ceramic gap ring.

10. The method for installing a beam current transformer according to claim 9, characterized in that: The circumferential flat plate capacitor comprises a first metal layer, a first insulating layer and a second metal layer, and the circumferential flat plate capacitor is mounted on the outer circumference of the ceramic gap ring and comprises: Installing the second metal layer on the outer circumference of the ceramic gap ring; Installing the first insulating layer on the outer circumference of the second metal layer; The first metal layer is installed on the outer circumference of the first insulating layer.

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