Northeast black soil area water and soil resource bearing capacity evaluation system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a northeast black soil area water and soil resource bearing capacity evaluation system and method.The northeast black soil area water and soil resource bearing capacity evaluation system is characterized in that a multi-scale data acquisition module is connected with a comprehensive database in a wired or wireless connection mode, the comprehensive database is connected with a dynamic monitoring module through a data transmission module, and the dynamic monitoring module is connected with a data evaluation system; the data evaluation system is connected with the early warning analysis module; data acquired by the multi-scale data acquisition module comes from mobile acquisition equipment, fixed acquisition equipment and networked acquisition equipment, and the mobile acquisition equipment, the fixed acquisition equipment and the networked acquisition equipment perform multi-scale data acquisition on a water resource basin and a land resource area; on-site data acquisition and verification work are carried out through mobile acquisition equipment, the accuracy of multi-source data acquisition is ensured, then dynamic monitoring is carried out on calculated data, dynamic real-time evaluation is carried out according to evaluation indexes, and then an optimization scheme or early warning work is carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of soil and water resources carrying capacity evaluation, and in particular to a soil and water resources carrying capacity evaluation system and method in the black soil region of Northeast China. Background Art

[0002] The Northeast Black Soil Region is a fertile black soil layer formed by the lush vegetation of meadows and grasslands peeling off and corroding under the cold climate conditions of the Northeast. It gradually accumulates into a thick layer of humus. In recent years, due to the constraints of natural factors and the destruction of human activities, the problem of soil erosion in the Northeast Black Soil Region has become increasingly serious, and the ecological environment has deteriorated. The content of organic matter in the soil has dropped by nearly two-thirds compared to before reclamation, and the phenomena of compaction and salinization are serious. The evaluation of soil and water resource carrying capacity refers to the process of evaluating the water and land demand for human activities under certain time and space conditions, taking into account the availability of water and land resources, the way of utilization, the health and stability of the ecosystem, and other factors. The implementation of scientific and effective soil and water resource carrying capacity evaluation in the Northeast Black Soil Region, where the ecological environment is deteriorating, has important economic and social significance. There are some drawbacks in the operation of the traditional soil and water resource carrying capacity evaluation system, which are mainly reflected in:

[0003] First, the traditional evaluation system uses static analysis methods, and its overall evaluation results are less accurate. It ignores the unique interactive effects of control in the black soil area, cannot achieve a comprehensive carrying capacity assessment, and lacks an effective comprehensive evaluation of dynamic factors such as human activities and climate change. Second, the traditional evaluation of the carrying capacity of water and soil resources in the black soil area lacks standardized indicators, resulting in large differences in results, and ignores the correlation between different factors, and the evaluation results are not comprehensive. Third, the Northeast Black Soil Area is vast and there are many different factors. The traditional evaluation system does not collect data comprehensively, and the collection method is prioritized, which cannot be accurately checked and verified. There is a lack of precision calculation of heterogeneous data during data processing, which leads to distorted evaluation results.

[0004] In summary, a system and method for evaluating the carrying capacity of soil and water resources in the black soil region of Northeast China with comprehensive data collection and diversified collection methods is provided, which is helpful to improve the accuracy of the evaluation structure, adopts a dynamic real-time monitoring method, implements fusion operations on data, and effectively ensures the consistency of the scales of heterogeneous data. Fixed-point data collection is combined with mobile verification collection equipment and remote sensing data, and efficient monitoring is carried out through a dynamic monitoring module to obtain evaluations and results, and provide early warning analysis for subsequent intervention and guidance work. The system and method have broad market prospects. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a system and method for evaluating the carrying capacity of soil and water resources in the black soil region of Northeast China with comprehensive data collection and diversified collection methods, which is helpful to improve the accuracy of the evaluation structure, adopts a dynamic real-time monitoring method, implements fusion operations on data, and effectively ensures the consistency of the scales of heterogeneous data, adopts fixed-point data collection combined with mobile verification collection equipment and remote sensing data as one, and performs efficient monitoring through a dynamic monitoring module, thereby obtaining evaluations and results, and providing early warning analysis for subsequent intervention and guidance work, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.

[0006] The technical scheme of the present invention is implemented as follows: a water and soil resource carrying capacity evaluation system in the black soil area of ​​Northeast China includes a multi-scale data acquisition module, the multi-scale data acquisition module is connected to a comprehensive database through a wired or wireless connection, the comprehensive database is connected to a dynamic monitoring module through a data transmission module, the dynamic monitoring module is connected to a data evaluation system, and the data evaluation system is connected to an early warning analysis module; the data collected by the multi-scale data acquisition module comes from a mobile acquisition device, a fixed acquisition device and a networked acquisition device, and the mobile acquisition device, the fixed acquisition device and the networked acquisition device implement multi-scale data acquisition for water resource basins and land resource areas; the dynamic monitoring module includes a water resource dynamic monitoring module and a land resource dynamic monitoring module, the water resource dynamic monitoring module implements dynamic monitoring of the total amount of water resources, water quality and biodiversity according to the data information provided by the comprehensive database; the land resource dynamic monitoring module implements dynamic monitoring of land use area, land soil fertility and ecological stability according to the data information provided by the comprehensive database; the data evaluation system is embedded with monitoring indicators that cooperate with the water resource dynamic monitoring module and the land resource dynamic monitoring module, and the monitoring indicators include quantity indicators, quality indicators and environmental indicators.

[0007] Furthermore, the mobile collection equipment includes a mobile collection vehicle with traveling wheels, a water tank, a soil box and a rotating disk are installed on the top of the mobile collection vehicle, the water tank is connected to the suction pump through a liquid inlet pipe installed with a liquid flow meter, a liquid composition analysis probe is installed in the water tank, the top of the soil box is an open structure, a soil composition analysis probe is installed inside the soil box, a bracket is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating disk, a lifting platform is movably installed on one side of the bracket, a soil sampling rotating motor is installed on the top of the lifting platform, and the output end of the soil sampling rotating motor is connected to the top of an external spiral feeding pipe installed at the bottom of the lifting platform.

[0008] Furthermore, the comprehensive database calculates and processes the data collected by the multi-scale data collection module through data fusion algorithm and data fusion processing.

[0009] Furthermore, the data collected by the multi-scale data acquisition module include remote sensing images, meteorological data, soil moisture, evapotranspiration data, runoff data, hydrological data, and on-site verification data collected by mobile acquisition equipment.

[0010] Furthermore, a controller and a water quality analysis instrument are installed on the top of the water storage tank, a networked data transmission module is installed in the controller, the water quality analysis instrument is connected to the liquid composition analysis probe via a wire, the top of the soil composition analysis probe is connected to the soil analysis instrument installed on the top of the soil storage tank, the water quality analysis instrument and the soil analysis instrument are connected to the controller via a wire, and the controller is connected to the comprehensive database via the networked data transmission module.

[0011] Furthermore, a sewage outlet with a valve is provided on one side of the bottom of the water tank, an external water suction port is installed on the suction pump, a liquid component analysis probe is arranged on the inner wall and bottom wall of the water tank, and a rechargeable battery pack is arranged in the mobile collection vehicle.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner cavity of the soil holding box is provided with a material dropping slope, the top of the material dropping slope is facing the setting direction of the rotating disk, the soil composition analysis probe is vertically and longitudinally installed on the bottom side of the material dropping slope, a unloading opening and closing door is provided on one side of the soil holding box, and an eccentric vibration motor is fixedly installed under the lifting platform on the inner side of the top of the outer spiral feeding pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, there are two brackets, which are symmetrically fixed on the top of the rotating disk, and a driven shaft and a driving shaft are respectively installed on the top and bottom between the two brackets. The driving shaft is connected to the output end of a stepper motor with a locking mechanism installed on the outside of the bracket. A driven meshing sprocket and a driving meshing sprocket are respectively fixedly installed on the outside of the driven shaft and the driving shaft. The outside of the driven meshing sprocket and the driving meshing sprocket are respectively provided with a rotating belt with meshing teeth on the inner surface. The inner side of the lifting platform is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating belt, and a sliding limit groove matching the edge of the lifting platform is provided on the inner side of the bracket.

[0014] Furthermore, the lifting platform is a directional block structure, the outer spiral feeding pipe is a hollow tubular structure, a drilling spiral piece is provided on the outer wall of the outer spiral feeding pipe, the length between the inner edge of the outer spiral feeding pipe and the outer wall on one side of the bracket is not less than the length between the outer wall on the other side of the bracket and the outer edge of the soil box, the length of the bracket is not less than the length of the outer spiral feeding pipe, the length between the top surface of the soil box and the top surface of the bracket is not less than the length of the outer spiral feeding pipe, and the length between the inner edge of the outer spiral feeding pipe and the outer wall on one side of the bracket is not less than the length between the outer wall on one side of the bracket and the outer edge of the mobile collection vehicle.

[0015] An evaluation method for the water and soil resources carrying capacity evaluation system in the black soil region of Northeast China, the method is:

[0016] 1) Data collection

[0017] The multi-scale data acquisition module is used to collect data in water resource basins and land resource areas. The data is collected by mobile collection vehicles, fixed collection equipment and networked collection equipment. The data includes remote sensing images, meteorological data, soil moisture, evapotranspiration data, runoff data, hydrological data, liquid composition data collected by liquid composition analysis probes, and soil composition data collected by soil composition analysis probes;

[0018] 2) Build a comprehensive database

[0019] The multi-source heterogeneous data collected in step 1) are dedifferentiated by a data fusion algorithm, and data cleaning, transformation and standardized storage processing are performed to build a comprehensive database;

[0020] 3) Dynamic monitoring

[0021] The water resources dynamic monitoring module implements dynamic monitoring of the total amount of water resources, water quality and biodiversity based on the data information provided by the comprehensive database. The land resources dynamic monitoring module implements dynamic monitoring of land use area, land soil fertility and ecological stability based on the data information provided by the comprehensive database. The monitoring data is transmitted to the data evaluation system.

[0022] 4) Data evaluation

[0023] The data evaluation system is embedded with monitoring indicators that match the water resources dynamic monitoring module and the land resources dynamic monitoring module. The monitoring indicators include quantity indicators, quality indicators and environmental indicators. The quantity indicators include the total water resources indicators and the land use area indicators. The quality indicators include the water resources water quality indicators and the land soil fertility indicators. The environmental indicators include the biodiversity indicators and the ecological stability indicators. The multi-level analysis method is used to determine the indicator weights, establish a water and soil resources evaluation model, and implement real-time evaluation of the changing trend of water and soil resources carrying capacity.

[0024] 5) Early warning analysis

[0025] The evaluation results in step 4) are transmitted to the early warning analysis module in real time, and the water resource carrying capacity indicators and land resource carrying capacity indicators are preset to build a water resource early warning module and a land resource early warning module, and divide the risk levels. According to the pressure degree and change trend of the water and land resource carrying capacity, the potential risks of the water and land resource carrying capacity are optimized and analyzed and identified and warned.

[0026] The present invention has the following positive effects:

[0027] The present invention uses a multi-scale data acquisition module to implement multi-scale data acquisition, adopts a dynamic monitoring method, regards the evaluation of water and soil resources as a nonlinear complex system, implements fusion balance calculation of multi-scale data collected, removes interference data and heterogeneous data, and uses mobile acquisition equipment to perform on-site data acquisition and verification to ensure the accuracy of multi-source data acquisition, and then implements dynamic monitoring of the calculated data, and implements dynamic real-time evaluation according to the evaluation indicators, and then makes optimization plans or early warning operations. The specific effects are:

[0028] 1. The system collects data comprehensively and in a variety of ways. Through cross-scale data integration and information sharing, the system realizes the systematic, comprehensive and comparable evaluation of soil and water resources carrying capacity. The system is scientific, timely and early warning, providing timely and accurate information for soil and water resources management.

[0029] 2. Adopt a dynamic real-time monitoring approach, implement fusion operations on the data, and effectively ensure the consistency of the scales of heterogeneous data, establish a water and soil resource carrying capacity evaluation model, based on indicators such as total water resources, water quality, and supply and demand balance, and comprehensively consider the natural, social and economic factors that affect the water resource carrying capacity.

[0030] 3. Adopt fixed-point data collection combined with mobile verification collection equipment and remote sensing data. The mobile collection equipment has the functions of water resource composition analysis and soil composition analysis, and can carry out reprinting and transportation, and carry out sample collection operations in the field. It verifies the data of the fixed-point collection equipment and is used to supplement the data collected through the network, forming a comprehensive, accurate and multi-source data provision model.

[0031] 4. According to the pressure degree and changing trend of soil and water resources carrying capacity, combined with the soil and water resources early warning module, the evaluation and results are obtained, and effective solutions are provided for the intervention and guidance of soil and water resources carrying capacity in the Northeast Black Soil Region in the future. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a system schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the mobile data acquisition device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the mobile data collection device of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the use status structure of the mobile acquisition device of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is the second schematic diagram of the usage status structure of the mobile data collection device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the following description of the invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. The term "connection" only indicates the connection between devices and has no special meaning.

[0039] Specific embodiments refer to Figure 1 , 2 , 3, 4, and 5, a water and soil resources carrying capacity evaluation system for the black soil region of Northeast China includes a multi-scale data acquisition module, wherein the multi-scale data acquisition module is connected to a comprehensive database by wired or wireless connection, the comprehensive database is connected to a dynamic monitoring module by a data transmission module, the dynamic monitoring module is connected to a data evaluation system, and the data evaluation system is connected to an early warning analysis module; the data collected by the multi-scale data acquisition module comes from mobile acquisition equipment, fixed acquisition equipment, and networked acquisition equipment, and the mobile acquisition equipment, the fixed acquisition equipment, and the networked acquisition equipment implement multi-scale data acquisition for water resource basins and land resource areas; the dynamic monitoring module includes a water resource dynamic monitoring module and a land resource dynamic monitoring module, and the water resource dynamic monitoring module implements dynamic monitoring of the total amount of water resources, water quality, and biodiversity according to the data information provided by the comprehensive database; the land resource dynamic monitoring module implements dynamic monitoring of land use area, land soil fertility, and ecological stability according to the data information provided by the comprehensive database; the data evaluation system is embedded with monitoring indicators that cooperate with the water resource dynamic monitoring module and the land resource dynamic monitoring module, and the monitoring indicators include quantity indicators, quality indicators, and environmental indicators. The comprehensive database calculates and processes the data collected by the multi-scale data acquisition module through data fusion algorithm and data fusion processing. The data collected by the multi-scale data acquisition module includes remote sensing images, meteorological data, soil moisture, evapotranspiration data, runoff data, hydrological data and field verification data collected by mobile acquisition equipment.

[0040] The mobile collection device includes a mobile collection vehicle 1 with traveling wheels 2. A water tank 4, a soil box 5 and a rotating disk 3 are installed on the top of the mobile collection vehicle 1. The water tank 4 is connected to a suction pump 11 through a liquid inlet pipe 9 equipped with a liquid flow meter 10. A liquid component analysis probe 29 is installed in the water tank 4. The top of the soil box 5 is an open structure. A soil component analysis probe 26 is installed inside the soil box 5. A bracket 15 is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating disk 3. A lifting platform 18 is movably installed on one side of the bracket 15. A soil sampling rotating motor 19 is installed on the top of the lifting platform 18. The output end of the soil sampling rotating motor 19 is connected to the top of an external spiral feeding pipe 21 installed at the lower part of the lifting platform 18.

[0041] The water and soil resource carrying capacity assessment system for the black soil region of Northeast China according to claim 2 is characterized in that: a controller 7 and a water quality analysis instrument 8 are installed on the top of the water storage tank 4, a networked data transmission module is installed in the controller 7, the water quality analysis instrument 8 is connected to the liquid component analysis probe 29 through a wire, the top of the soil component analysis probe 26 is connected to the soil analysis instrument 6 installed on the upper part of the soil storage tank 5, the water quality analysis instrument 8 and the soil analysis instrument 6 are connected to the controller 7 through a wire, and the controller 7 is connected to the comprehensive database through the networked data transmission module. A sewage outlet 13 with a valve is provided on one side of the bottom of the water storage tank 4, an external water pumping port 12 is installed on the suction pump 11, a liquid component analysis probe 29 is arranged on the inner wall and bottom wall of the water storage tank 4, and a rechargeable battery pack 28 is arranged in the mobile collection vehicle 1. The inner cavity of the soil storage box 5 is provided with a material dropping slope 27, the top of the slope of the material dropping slope 27 is facing the setting direction of the rotating disk 3, and the soil composition analysis probe 26 is vertically and longitudinally installed on the bottom side of the slope of the material dropping slope 27. A discharge opening and closing door 14 is provided on one side of the soil storage box 5, and an eccentric vibration motor 20 is fixedly installed below the lifting platform 18 on the inner side of the top of the outer spiral feeding pipe 21.

[0042] There are two brackets 15, which are symmetrically fixed on the top of the rotating disk 3. A driven shaft 17 and a driving shaft 23 are respectively installed on the top and bottom between the two brackets 15. The driving shaft 23 is connected to the output end of a stepper motor 16 with a locking mechanism installed on the outside of the bracket 15. A driven meshing sprocket 24 and a driving meshing sprocket 25 are respectively fixedly installed on the outside of the driven shaft 17 and the driving shaft 23. The outside of the driven meshing sprocket 24 and the driving meshing sprocket 25 is covered with a rotating belt 22 with meshing teeth on the inner surface. The inner side of the lifting platform 18 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating belt 22, and a sliding limit groove matching the edge of the lifting platform 18 is provided on the inner side of the bracket 15. The lifting platform 18 is a directional block structure, the outer spiral feeding pipe 21 is a hollow tubular structure, and a drilling spiral piece is arranged on the outer wall of the outer spiral feeding pipe 21. The length between the inner edge of the outer spiral feeding pipe 21 and the outer wall on one side of the bracket 15 is not less than the length between the outer wall on the other side of the bracket 15 and the outer edge of the soil box 5. The length of the bracket 15 is not less than the length of the outer spiral feeding pipe 21. The length between the top surface of the soil box 5 and the top surface of the bracket 15 is not less than the length of the outer spiral feeding pipe 21. The length between the inner edge of the outer spiral feeding pipe 21 and the outer wall on one side of the bracket 15 is not less than the length between the outer wall on one side of the bracket 15 and the outer edge of the mobile collection vehicle 1.

[0043] When using the Northeast Black Soil Region Water and Soil Resources Carrying Capacity Assessment System to implement assessment operations, a multi-scale data acquisition module is used to collect data in water resource basins and land resource areas. The data is collected by a mobile collection vehicle 1, fixed collection equipment, and networked collection equipment. The data includes remote sensing images, meteorological data, soil moisture, evapotranspiration data, runoff data, hydrological data, liquid composition data collected by a liquid composition analysis probe 29, and soil composition data collected by a soil composition analysis probe 26.

[0044] The mobile collection device is used when it is impossible to set up fixed collection devices and network collection devices to implement specific and detailed data collection operations. At the same time, the mobile collection device verifies the data information collected by the fixed collection devices and network collection devices. The mobile collection vehicle (1) is placed at the collection site by moving and relocating. Figure 4 and 5 As shown, samples are collected from the land or water source at the collection location.

[0045] like Figure 2 , 3As shown in Figures 4 and 5, when the soil sample collection operation is performed, the rotating disk (3) is rotated and positioned so that the lifting platform 18 faces the outside of the mobile collection vehicle (1). The soil sampling rotating motor (19) is turned on by the remote control controller 7, and the stepping motor (16) is turned on at the same time. The stepping motor (16) drives the driving shaft (23) to rotate, and the driving shaft (23) drives the rotating belt (22) to rotate, so that the lifting platform 18 descends. While descending, the soil sampling rotating motor (19) drives the outer spiral feeding tube (21) to descend. After contacting the bottom soil, under the combined action of the continuous rotation operation of the outer spiral feeding tube (21) and the continuous descent of the lifting platform 18, the bottom main part of the outer spiral feeding tube (21) slowly penetrates into the soil and stores the soil in the outer spiral feeding tube. The collected soil is tightly accumulated in the inner cavity of the outer spiral feeding tube (21). After the collection is completed, the soil sampling rotating motor (19) stops, and the lifting platform 18 moves upward to return to the initial position. At this time, the plane where the bottom of the outer spiral feeding tube (21) is located is located above the plane where the top of the soil storage box (5) is located. After the rotating disk (3) rotates, the bottom of the outer spiral feeding tube (21) rotates to the top surface position of the drop slope (27), and the eccentric vibration motor (20) is turned on. The soil sample stored in the outer spiral feeding tube (21) drops into the soil storage box (5) under the action of vibration. The soil component analysis probe (26) is used to perform component analysis on the collected soil sample, and the soil analysis instrument (6) records and transmits it to the comprehensive database.

[0046] When implementing water resource sample collection operations, Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figure 5, the remote-controlled mobile collection vehicle (1) moves to the water's edge, then connects a water pumping pipe 30 to the external water pumping port (12), and inserts the water inlet end of the water pumping pipe 30 into the water, turns on the suction pump (11), measures water through the liquid flow meter (10), and sends water into the water storage tank (4) through the liquid inlet pipe (9), and uses a liquid component analysis probe (29) to analyze the liquid components. The data obtained after the analysis is stored by the water quality analysis instrument (8) and transmitted to the comprehensive database.

[0047] After the above-mentioned multi-scale data collection of water resources basins and land resources regions is completed, the comprehensive database construction operation is implemented, the collected multi-source heterogeneous data are de-differentiated through data fusion algorithms, and data cleaning, transformation and standardized storage processing are performed to build a comprehensive database.

[0048] After the database is built, the data is transmitted to the dynamic monitoring module to implement dynamic monitoring operations. The dynamic monitoring module includes a water resources dynamic monitoring module and a land resources dynamic monitoring module. The water resources dynamic monitoring module implements dynamic monitoring of the total amount of water resources, water quality and biodiversity based on the data information provided by the comprehensive database. The land resources dynamic monitoring module implements dynamic monitoring of land use area, soil fertility and ecological stability based on the data information provided by the comprehensive database. The monitoring data is transmitted to the data evaluation system.

[0049] The data evaluation system evaluates the dynamic monitoring data. The data evaluation system is embedded with monitoring indicators that cooperate with the water resources dynamic monitoring module and the land resources dynamic monitoring module. The monitoring indicators include quantity indicators, quality indicators and environmental indicators. The quantity indicators include total water resources indicators and land use area indicators, the quality indicators include water resources water quality indicators and land soil fertility indicators, and the environmental indicators include biodiversity indicators and ecological stability indicators. The multi-level analysis method is used to determine the indicator weights, establish a water and soil resources evaluation model, and implement real-time evaluation of the changing trend of water and soil resources carrying capacity.

[0050] After completing the evaluation work, the early warning analysis work is implemented, and the evaluation results are transmitted to the early warning analysis module in real time. The water resources carrying capacity indicators and land resources carrying capacity indicators are preset, and the water resources early warning module and land resources early warning module are constructed. The risk levels are divided, and the potential risks of the water and soil resources carrying capacity are analyzed and identified and warned according to the pressure degree and change trend of the water and soil resources carrying capacity.

[0051] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water and soil resources carrying capacity evaluation system for the black soil region of Northeast China, including a multi-scale data acquisition module, characterized in that: The multi-scale data acquisition module is connected to the comprehensive database by wired or wireless connection, the comprehensive database is connected to the dynamic monitoring module through the data transmission module, the dynamic monitoring module is connected to the data evaluation system, and the data evaluation system is connected to the early warning analysis module; The data collected by the multi-scale data collection module comes from mobile collection devices, fixed collection devices and networked collection devices. Mobile collection devices, fixed collection devices and networked collection devices implement multi-scale data collection for water resource basins and land resource areas; The dynamic monitoring module includes a water resources dynamic monitoring module and a land resources dynamic monitoring module. The water resources dynamic monitoring module implements dynamic monitoring of the total amount of water resources, water quality and biodiversity based on the data information provided by the comprehensive database; the land resources dynamic monitoring module implements dynamic monitoring of the land use area, land soil fertility and ecological stability based on the data information provided by the comprehensive database; The data evaluation system is embedded with monitoring indicators that cooperate with the water resources dynamic monitoring module and the land resources dynamic monitoring module. The monitoring indicators include quantity indicators, quality indicators and environmental indicators.

2. The water and soil resources carrying capacity evaluation system for the black soil region of Northeast China according to claim 1 is characterized by: The mobile collection device comprises a mobile collection vehicle (1) with a traveling wheel (2). A water tank (4), a soil tank (5) and a rotating disk (3) are installed on the top of the mobile collection vehicle (1). The water tank (4) is connected to a suction pump (11) through a liquid inlet pipe (9) installed with a liquid flow meter (10). A liquid component analysis probe (29) is installed in the water tank (4). The top of the soil tank (5) is an open structure. A soil component analysis probe (26) is installed inside the soil tank (5). A bracket (15) is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating disk (3). A lifting platform (18) is movably installed on one side of the bracket (15). A soil sampling rotating motor (19) is installed on the top of the lifting platform (18). The output end of the soil sampling rotating motor (19) is connected to the top of an external spiral material taking pipe (21) installed at the bottom of the lifting platform (18).

3. The water and soil resources carrying capacity evaluation system for the black soil region of Northeast China according to claim 1 is characterized by: The comprehensive database calculates and processes the data collected by the multi-scale data collection module by means of data fusion algorithm and data fusion processing.

4. The water and soil resources carrying capacity evaluation system for the black soil region of Northeast China according to claim 1 is characterized by: The data collected by the multi-scale data collection module include remote sensing images, meteorological data, soil moisture, evapotranspiration data, runoff data, hydrological data and on-site verification data collected by mobile collection equipment.

5. The water and soil resources carrying capacity evaluation system for the black soil region of Northeast China according to claim 2 is characterized by: A controller (7) and a water quality analysis instrument (8) are installed on the top of the water storage tank (4); a networked data transmission module is installed in the controller (7); the water quality analysis instrument (8) is connected to a liquid component analysis probe (29) via a wire; the top of the soil component analysis probe (26) is connected to a soil analysis instrument (6) installed on the top of the soil storage tank (5); the water quality analysis instrument (8) and the soil analysis instrument (6) are connected to the controller (7) via a wire; and the controller (7) is connected to a comprehensive database via the networked data transmission module.

6. The water and soil resources carrying capacity evaluation system for the black soil region of Northeast China according to claim 2 is characterized by: A sewage outlet (13) with a valve is arranged on one side of the bottom of the water storage tank (4), an external water suction port (12) is installed on the suction pump (11), a liquid component analysis probe (29) is arranged on the inner wall and the bottom wall of the water storage tank (4), and a rechargeable battery pack (28) is arranged in the mobile collection vehicle (1).

7. The water and soil resources carrying capacity evaluation system for the black soil region of Northeast China according to claim 2 is characterized by: The inner cavity of the soil storage box (5) is provided with a material dropping slope (27), the top of the material dropping slope (27) is facing the setting direction of the rotating disk (3), the soil component analysis probe (26) is vertically and longitudinally installed on one side of the bottom of the material dropping slope (27), a material discharge opening and closing door (14) is provided on one side of the soil storage box (5), and an eccentric vibration motor (20) is fixedly installed below the lifting platform (18) on the inner side of the top of the external spiral feeding pipe (21).

8. The water and soil resources carrying capacity evaluation system for the black soil region of Northeast China according to claim 2 is characterized by: There are two brackets (15), which are symmetrically fixedly installed on the top of the rotating disk (3). A driven shaft (17) and a driving shaft (23) are respectively installed on the top and bottom between the two brackets (15). The driving shaft (23) is connected to the output end of a stepper motor (16) with a locking mechanism installed on the outside of the bracket (15). A driven meshing sprocket (24) and a driving meshing sprocket (25) are respectively fixedly installed on the outside of the driven shaft (17) and the driving shaft (23). A rotating belt (22) with meshing teeth on the inner surface is sleeved on the outer side of the driven meshing sprocket (24) and the driving meshing sprocket (25). The inner side of the lifting platform (18) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating belt (22). A sliding limit groove matching the edge of the lifting platform (18) is provided on the inner side of the bracket (15).

9. The water and soil resources carrying capacity evaluation system for the black soil region of Northeast China according to claim 2 is characterized by: The lifting platform (18) is a block-shaped structure, the outer spiral feeding pipe (21) is a hollow tubular structure, a drilling spiral sheet is arranged on the outer wall of the outer spiral feeding pipe (21), the length between the inner edge of the outer spiral feeding pipe (21) and the outer wall of one side of the bracket (15) is not less than the length between the outer wall of the other side of the bracket (15) and the outer edge of the soil storage box (5), the length of the bracket (15) is not less than the length of the outer spiral feeding pipe (21), the length between the top surface of the soil storage box (5) and the top surface of the bracket (15) is not less than the length of the outer spiral feeding pipe (21), and the length between the inner edge of the outer spiral feeding pipe (21) and the outer wall of one side of the bracket (15) is not less than the length between the outer wall of one side of the bracket (15) and the outer edge of the mobile collection vehicle (1).

10. An evaluation method for the water and soil resources carrying capacity evaluation system in the Northeast Black Soil Region according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method is: 1) Data collection The multi-scale data acquisition module is used to collect data in a water resource basin and a land resource area. The data is collected by a mobile acquisition vehicle (1), a fixed acquisition device and a networked acquisition device. The data includes remote sensing images, meteorological data, soil moisture, evapotranspiration data, runoff data, hydrological data, liquid component data collected by a liquid component analysis probe (29) and soil component data collected by a soil component analysis probe (26); 2) Build a comprehensive database The multi-source heterogeneous data collected in step 1) are dedifferentiated by a data fusion algorithm, and data cleaning, transformation and standardized storage processing are performed to build a comprehensive database; 3) Dynamic monitoring The water resources dynamic monitoring module implements dynamic monitoring of the total amount of water resources, water quality and biodiversity based on the data information provided by the comprehensive database. The land resources dynamic monitoring module implements dynamic monitoring of land use area, land soil fertility and ecological stability based on the data information provided by the comprehensive database. The monitoring data is transmitted to the data evaluation system. 4) Data evaluation The data evaluation system is embedded with monitoring indicators that match the water resources dynamic monitoring module and the land resources dynamic monitoring module. The monitoring indicators include quantity indicators, quality indicators and environmental indicators. The quantity indicators include the total water resources indicators and the land use area indicators. The quality indicators include the water resources water quality indicators and the land soil fertility indicators. The environmental indicators include the biodiversity indicators and the ecological stability indicators. The multi-level analysis method is used to determine the indicator weights, establish a water and soil resources evaluation model, and implement real-time evaluation of the changing trend of water and soil resources carrying capacity. 5) Early warning analysis The evaluation results in step 4) are transmitted to the early warning analysis module in real time, and the water resource carrying capacity indicators and land resource carrying capacity indicators are preset to build a water resource early warning module and a land resource early warning module, and divide the risk levels. According to the pressure degree and change trend of the water and land resource carrying capacity, the potential risks of the water and land resource carrying capacity are optimized and analyzed and identified and warned.

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