Full-automatic three-dimensional active defense system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-automatic three-dimensional active defense system and method, and belongs to the technical field of weather modification. The system monitors a thunderstorm weather system through an air-based remote sensing satellite, and when the system moves to the outermost layer of a defense area, an early warning signal is started; a thunderstorm cloud weather system is continuously tracked and monitored in real time in combination with a network distribution type ground-based radar monitoring system, meanwhile, all parameters are sent to a thunder and lightning monitoring and early warning module, a criterion is provided for detecting a strong thunder and lightning electromagnetic field, space-time parameters of thunder and lightning occurrence are inverted, and early warning and forecasting are conducted on the development trend of the thunderstorm weather system; the central control system is used for carrying out lightning elimination judgment and starting an operation instruction; and finally, manual intervention of a thunderstorm cloud charge structure is realized through operation of a mobile manual thunder triggering system. According to the method, the strong lightning direct damage effect and the indirect electromagnetic damage effect caused by the time-space unpredictability of severe convection weather and the instantaneity of the strong thunderstorm discharge process can be weakened, and the safety of key places and important sensitive targets is protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of artificial weather modification, and in particular relates to a fully automated three-dimensional active defense system and method. Background Art

[0002] Severe convective weather systems are one of the important natural disasters, especially convective cloud systems accompanied by strong thunderstorms. The strong lightning produced by them is one of the most common and most dangerous disastrous weather phenomena. According to statistics, there are about 40-50 lightning strikes on the earth every second, and an average of 1.4 billion lightning strikes per year. A quarter of these lightning strikes develop from thunderstorm clouds to the ground, which is called ground lightning, while the remaining three quarters occur inside the cloud, between clouds, or between clouds and air, which are collectively called cloud lightning. Studies have shown that lightning is an instantaneous discharge process with very strong instantaneous power, with a peak power of up to 1 billion kilowatts and a peak current of up to hundreds of thousands of amperes.

[0003] Before the electrical and electronic age, the impact of lightning on human society was mainly the casualties of people and animals and the damage to buildings caused by direct ground lightning. Therefore, the detection and research of lightning at that time was mainly used to prevent and reduce related personal injuries and economic losses. However, with the widespread application of microelectronic devices and large-scale integrated circuits in all walks of life, lightning, as a strong electromagnetic radiation source, has a wider impact on human production and life. On the basis of the original direct destructive effect of ground lightning, the indirect destructive effect of lightning electromagnetic pulses has been added, and its impact has developed from "point" to "surface". Therefore, the purpose of developing a defense system based on the combination of artificial lightning induction and a variety of detection technologies is mainly to prevent the extensive destructive effects caused by lightning, to ensure the safety of human activities and the normal operation of social economy; especially in terms of ensuring the safety of important sensitive military facilities and key infrastructure (such as power facilities, petrochemicals, railway facilities and aerospace, etc.) of national defense, there is still a long way to go.

[0004] For the early warning and forecast of severe convective weather, the more effective technical means at present is to make full use of the advantages of air-based and ground-based equipment. In terms of air-based detection, meteorological satellites are an important technical means to track severe convective weather systems. Through satellite remote sensing, the development and disappearance of severe convective weather in a wide area can be detected; in terms of ground-based detection, although the detection range is not as large as that of satellites, weather radars can also give the dynamics and microphysical structure of severe convective weather in a range of 100km-200km, and effectively provide short-term weather warnings. At the same time, the lightning monitoring network, which detects electromagnetic waves generated by strong thunderstorms, can also accurately locate and warn strong lightning that occurs within 100km.

[0005] In addition to monitoring and early warning of severe convective weather systems, artificial intervention and influence on severe convective weather systems is an important technical means of artificial weather modification. In order to effectively weaken and reduce ground and cloud flashes produced by strong thunderstorm clouds, artificial lightning induction operations are still an important means of influencing lightning, and are becoming more and more mature, with a success rate of 70%-80%.

[0006] Therefore, in order to protect specific targets in important areas from the impact of severe convective weather systems, it is urgent to develop a fully automatic active defense system and method based on a combination of multiple advanced technical means such as fully automatic intelligent artificial lightning induction technology, radar detection, and multi-parameter high-precision lightning three-dimensional positioning methods. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the above-mentioned related art at least to a certain extent.

[0008] To this end, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fully automated three-dimensional active defense system and method that can solve the problem of fatal destruction to sensitive targets or important infrastructure caused by the direct destructive effects and indirect electromagnetic destructive effects of strong lightning due to the temporal and spatial unpredictability of severe convective weather and the instantaneous nature of the discharge process of strong thunderstorms.

[0009] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0010] An embodiment of the present invention provides a fully automated three-dimensional active defense system, the system comprising:

[0011] Sensitive targets, targets that the defense system focuses on protecting;

[0012] Defense zone, an area within a certain diameter above a sensitive target, is the area monitored and defended by the defense system;

[0013] Thunderstorm cloud system, cloud system located within the defense area;

[0014] A remote sensing satellite is arranged above the defense area and is used to perform satellite monitoring of thunderstorm clouds around the defense area and send an early warning signal to the radar monitoring module when the thunderstorm clouds reach the edge of the defense area;

[0015] There are multiple radar monitoring modules, which are distributed in the defense area and are used to track and monitor the thunderstorm cloud system in real time. During the tracking and monitoring process, horizontal and vertical scanning are continuously performed to analyze various parameters of the thunderstorm cloud system and send them to the lightning monitoring and early warning module;

[0016] A lightning monitoring and early warning module is used to collect electromagnetic waves released by strong lightning in the thunderstorm cloud system, invert the spatiotemporal parameters of lightning occurrence, deduce and forecast the development trend of the thunderstorm cloud system, and send the results to the central control module;

[0017] The central control module is connected with the radar monitoring module, the remote sensing satellite, the lightning monitoring and early warning module and the mobile artificial lightning induction module, and is used to complete the inversion and reanalysis of satellite data, monitor the radar observation status, locate the thunderstorm cloud system according to the obtained data, and make lightning elimination judgments, and send a lightning elimination signal to the mobile artificial lightning induction module when the lightning elimination conditions are met;

[0018] Mobile artificial mine-inducing modules are distributed in the defense area and are used to achieve artificial mine-inducing.

[0019] In addition, the fully automated three-dimensional active defense system according to the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0020] In some embodiments, the lightning monitoring and early warning module includes a plurality of detection substations distributedly arranged in the defense area, wherein the baseline length of the detection substations is within the range of 20km-40km, and is used to monitor the occurrence of cloud-to-ground lightning in the defense area in real time;

[0021] The radar monitoring module includes at least three groups of Doppler dual-polarization radars with baseline lengths ranging from 50km to 80km, which are used to monitor the derivative conditions of thunderstorm clouds within the defense area in real time.

[0022] In some of the embodiments, there are several mobile artificial lightning-inducing modules, which include a lightning-inducing operation monitoring center, a mobile lightning-inducing vehicle and a lightning-inducing bomb; the lightning-inducing bomb is installed on the mobile lightning-inducing vehicle, and the mobile lightning-inducing vehicle launches the lightning-inducing bomb into the air to perform lightning-inducing operations under the control of the lightning-inducing operation monitoring center; the lightning-inducing operation monitoring center is communicatively connected to the central control module.

[0023] In some of the embodiments, the lightning induction operation monitoring center includes an intelligent lightning induction timing judgment unit, an automatic lightning induction rocket ignition unit, and an automatic lightning induction launch platform adjustment unit;

[0024] The intelligent judgment unit for the timing of lightning attraction and the automatic adjustment unit for the lightning attraction launch platform are communicatively connected to the central control module; the automatic ignition unit for the lightning attraction rocket is connected to the intelligent judgment unit for the timing of lightning attraction, and performs the ignition operation for launching the lightning attraction rocket after the timing of lightning attraction is met.

[0025] In some of the embodiments, the radar monitoring module includes a ground radar 32, a transmitter 311, a radar transceiver switch 312, a signal receiver 313, a radar signal processing system 314, a missing data filling module 3141, a differential reflectivity system error correction module 3142, a correlation coefficient correction module 3143, a de-folding processing module 3144, a differential propagation phase shift filtering module 3145 and a reconstruction module 3146;

[0026] The radar transceiver switch is connected to the ground radar, and a two-way feedback mechanism is used to control the ground radar to transmit and receive signals; the transmitter is connected to the radar transceiver switch to transmit electromagnetic energy to the radar transceiver switch; the radar transceiver switch is connected to the signal receiver to transmit the signal received by the radar to the signal receiver; the signal receiver transmits the signal received by the radar to the radar signal processing system; the signal received by the radar is sequentially processed in the radar signal processing system by the missing data filling module, the differential reflectivity system error correction module, the correlation coefficient correction module, the de-folding processing module, the differential propagation phase shift filtering module and the reconstruction module, and finally outputs a signal that has passed quality control.

[0027] In some embodiments, the thunderstorm cloud system includes an initial small thunderstorm, a strong thunderstorm cloud with vigorous development and accompanied by strong lightning, and a weak thunderstorm cloud that gradually dissipates after artificial lightning induction operations are performed;

[0028] The defense area is a range with a diameter of 180km-220km, and the sensitive target is located in the middle of the defense area.

[0029] In some of the embodiments, the lightning monitoring and warning module includes a lightning detection module 46, a lightning parameter extraction unit 47, a data transmission unit 48 and a lightning result output unit 49 which are connected in sequence;

[0030] The lightning detection module 46 includes several lightning single-station modules 461, and the lightning single-station module 461 includes a lightning waveform recording unit 4611, a lightning waveform storage unit 4612 and a lightning waveform processing unit 4613; the lightning result output unit 49 outputs the content including the time, location and movement trend of lightning occurrence.

[0031] In some of the embodiments, the mine-inducing operation monitoring center is arranged on the mobile mine-inducing vehicle and moves along with the dispatch of the mobile mine-inducing vehicle.

[0032] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a fully automated three-dimensional active defense method, which is implemented by using the fully automated three-dimensional active defense system as described above; the steps of the method include:

[0033] The thunderstorm cloud system around the defense area is monitored by remote sensing satellites. When the thunderstorm cloud system is detected to move to the outermost layer of the defense area, the remote sensing satellite sends an early warning signal to the radar monitoring module;

[0034] After receiving the warning signal, the radar monitoring module starts working and performs real-time tracking and monitoring of the thunderstorm cloud system; during the tracking and monitoring process, horizontal and vertical scanning are continuously performed to analyze various parameters of the thunderstorm cloud system and send them to the lightning monitoring and warning module;

[0035] After receiving the data sent by the radar monitoring module, the lightning monitoring and early warning module starts the working mode, detects the electromagnetic waves released by the strong lightning in the thunderstorm cloud system, inverts the spatiotemporal parameters of the lightning occurrence, and deduces and predicts the development trend of the thunderstorm cloud system, and sends the results to the central control module;

[0036] The central control module analyzes and judges the received data, and when the lightning elimination conditions are met, sends a lightning elimination signal to the mobile artificial lightning induction module;

[0037] After receiving the lightning elimination signal, the mobile artificial lightning induction module launches a lightning induction bomb to the location of the thunderstorm cloud system to achieve artificial lightning induction and weaken the intensity of the thunderstorm cloud system, so that it cannot cause harm to sensitive targets in the defense area.

[0038] In addition, the fully automated three-dimensional active defense method according to the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0039] In some embodiments, the working steps of the lightning monitoring and early warning module include:

[0040] The electromagnetic waves released by strong lightning in the thunderstorm cloud system are detected by multiple groups of detection substations, and the lightning waveforms are processed, recorded and stored respectively;

[0041] Extract key parameters from the processed lightning waveform and locate each strong lightning in the thunderstorm cloud system;

[0042] Deducing the development trend of the thunderstorm cloud system;

[0043] The data including the time when lightning occurred, the location of lightning and the movement trend of lightning are sent to the central control module for further judgment and processing.

[0044] In some embodiments, the working steps of the mobile artificial lightning induction module include:

[0045] The mobile artificial lightning induction module enters a standby state after receiving the lightning elimination signal;

[0046] Conducting real-time electric field monitoring on the thunderstorm cloud system;

[0047] Automatically identify the timing of lightning strikes based on the monitored data, and when a window of opportunity for attracting lightning appears, launch a lightning-inducing bomb with a metal filament toward the thunderstorm cloud system; when the lightning-inducing bomb reaches a designated position of the thunderstorm cloud system, execute an automatic detonation mode to achieve artificial lightning induction;

[0048] Reload the ammunition and confirm the status of the lightning bomb; at the same time or afterwards, record the launch timing and electric field waveform;

[0049] If the lightning elimination signal still appears after the lightning-inducing bomb is launched, the automatic identification of the timing of lightning strike will continue.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0051] In the embodiments of the present invention, the fully automated three-dimensional active defense system provided can make full use of the advantages of wide radar and lightning monitoring range, high detection accuracy and strong timeliness, as well as the characteristics of fast mobility, convenient deployment and convenient launch of the vehicle-mounted artificial lightning induction operation vehicle, and truly achieve the purpose of fully automated unattended artificial influence on thunderstorm cloud charge without relying on human judgment and more intervention; it not only provides a theoretical basis and design basis for effectively protecting sensitive targets or improving the level of security work in specific areas, but also can provide and create technical guarantees for military facilities to provide and create specific launch time windows.

[0052] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fully automated three-dimensional active defense system disclosed in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a station-based radar early warning disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the working principle of lightning location disclosed in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the working principle of artificial lightning induction disclosed in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 A radar warning workflow disclosed in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 6 A lightning warning and forecasting process disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 7 The invention discloses a fully automatic manual lightning induction workflow according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Description of reference numerals:

[0061] 1-Defense area; 2-Thunderstorm cloud system; 3-Radar monitoring module; 4-Lightning monitoring and early warning module; 5-Mobile artificial lightning induction module; 6-Central control module; 7-Remote sensing satellite; 8-Sensitive target;

[0062] 21-early minor thunderstorm; 22-strong thunderstorm cloud; 23-weak thunderstorm cloud;

[0063] 31- radar data fusion processing center; 32- ground radar; 311- transmitter; 312- radar transceiver switch; 313- signal receiver; 314- radar signal processing system; 3141- missing data filling module; 3142- differential reflectivity system error correction module; 3143- correlation coefficient correction module; 3144- defolding processing module; 3145- differential propagation phase shift filtering module; 3146- reconstruction module;

[0064] 41-radiation source; 42-lightning radiation signal; 43-hyperboloid; 44-detection substation; 45-radar warning signal; 46-lightning detection module; 461-lightning single station module; 4611-lightning waveform recording unit; 4612-lightning waveform storage unit; 4613-lightning waveform processing unit; 47-lightning parameter extraction unit; 48-data transmission unit; 49-lightning result output unit; 491-lightning occurrence time; 492-lightning occurrence location; 493-lightning movement trend;

[0065] 51- Lightning induction operation monitoring center; 52- Mobile lightning induction vehicle; 53- Lightning induction bomb; 511- High-frequency lightning warning signal; 512- Launch vehicle start-up standby state; 513- Real-time monitoring of electric field; 514- Automatic identification of lightning strike timing; 515- Lightning induction timing window appears; 516- Launch of lightning induction bomb; 517- Confirmation of lightning induction bomb status; 518- Lightning induction bomb launch successful; 519- Launch timing record; 520- Electric field waveform record; 521- Reloading. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below through specific embodiments and application scenarios in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0068] The invention provides an operation mode according to active defense against severe convective clouds. Firstly, by utilizing the advantages of high viewpoint, wide field of view, fast data collection and repeated and continuous observation of air-based satellites, the microphysical structure and precipitation formation process of the clouds are monitored and tracked before the severe convective clouds enter the core defense area. When the severe convective clouds move to the outermost defense area, the satellite working system sends an early warning signal to the networked radar array, and the radar monitoring system starts real-time tracking, performs horizontal scanning and vertical scanning, analyzes various parameters of the convective clouds, and feeds back to the next-level early warning system. Next, after receiving the early warning signal sent by the networked radar, the networked lightning monitoring system closest to the sensitive target or important infrastructure starts the working mode, detects the electromagnetic waves released by the strong lightning in the severe convective clouds, inverts the time and space parameters of the lightning occurrence, and deduces and predicts the development trend of the severe thunderstorm. Finally, when the severe thunderstorm enters within 5km of the pre-protected target area, the intelligent unattended artificial lightning induction vehicle based on machine learning starts real-time aerial mine elimination operation to ensure the airspace safety of the target. The system can deeply explore the artificial influence on the structure of severe convective clouds, carry out artificial weather influence, weaken and reduce the damage caused by severe convective weather systems, especially reduce the probability of ground lightning and cloud lightning in strong thunderstorm clouds, protect sensitive targets in important areas or create a time window with less lightning to complete important launch missions and ensure the safety of aircraft.

[0069] See also Figure 1-4 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the fully automated three-dimensional active defense system includes: a defense area 1, a thunderstorm cloud system 2, a radar monitoring module 3, a lightning monitoring and early warning module 4, a mobile artificial lightning induction module 5, a central control module 6, a remote sensing satellite 7 and a sensitive target 8.

[0070] Among them, defense area 1 is a range with a diameter of about 200km (180km-220km). The center of defense area 1 is sensitive target 8. It is necessary to ensure that the strong convective thunderstorm cloud system 2 can successfully weaken the impact of the strong thunderstorm through a variety of high-tech means before entering the range to ensure the normal operation of sensitive targets and important infrastructure in the area.

[0071] In this embodiment, the thunderstorm cloud system 2 is the focus of the defense system, including the initial small thunderstorm 21, the strong thunderstorm cloud 22 with strong development and strong lightning, and the weak thunderstorm cloud 23 that gradually dissipates after the artificial lightning induction operation. The remote sensing satellite is located above the thunderstorm cloud system 2, which is used to obtain the remote sensing data of the thunderstorm cloud system 2 and track the development and generation and disappearance of the thunderstorm cloud in real time. The radar monitoring module 3 is a plurality of ground radar monitoring devices, which are distributed around the defense area 1.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present invention, the radar monitoring module 3 can use a Doppler dual-polarization radar with a baseline length in the range of 50km-80km to monitor the strong thunderstorm cloud derivative situation within the defense area 1 for 24 hours. The radar monitoring module 3 includes a radar data fusion processing center 31 and a ground radar 32. The ground radar 32 is used to send and receive information, and the radar data fusion processing center 31 is used to perform data processing and analysis and judgment.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present invention, the lightning monitoring and early warning module 4 includes a plurality of distributed detection substations. Figure 3 As shown, these detection substations 44 use highly sensitive VHF electric field detectors and magnetic field detectors: the detection principle of the VHF electric field detector is to determine a hyperboloid 43 by detecting the time difference between the lightning radiation signal 42 and a pair of antennas separated from each other. Three non-parallel hyperboloids can determine the position of the radiation source 41. The center frequency of the VHF antenna of each station is 72MHz, and the bandwidth is 6MHz. The data needs to be transmitted to the central station for homologous matching, and the hyperboloid method is used for positioning. The basic architecture consists of a central station and 5 stations roughly evenly distributed on the periphery. The diameter of the entire network is about 100km; the detection principle of the magnetic field detector is that when the magnetic flux passing through the cross section of the magnetic induction coil changes, a certain voltage will be induced at both ends of the coil, and its value is related to the physical parameters of the coil itself and the rate of change of the magnetic field. After the output voltage of the magnetic coil is chopped and amplified in two stages, the output signal obtained can be used to measure the alternating magnetic field passing through the magnetic antenna. The magnetic antenna used in the present invention has a 3dB bandwidth of 40-500kHz and a gain of 0.5V / nT. The data processing is also uniformly transmitted to the central measuring station through the Internet for matching and inversion. Through the complementary advantages of the highly sensitive VHF electric field detector and the magnetic field detector, the VHF electric field detection can accurately depict the occurrence and development of the cloud-to-ground flash point channel in the defense area 1, and the magnetic field detection can monitor the occurrence and development process of lightning in an ultra-long distance range in real time.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present invention, the number of mobile artificial lightning induction modules 5 is several, which includes a lightning induction operation monitoring center 51, a mobile lightning induction vehicle 52 and a lightning induction bomb 53. The lightning induction bomb 53 is arranged on the mobile lightning induction vehicle 52, and the mobile lightning induction vehicle 52 launches the lightning induction bomb 53 into the air to perform lightning induction operations under the control of the lightning induction operation monitoring center 51. The lightning induction operation monitoring center 51 can be arranged on the mobile lightning induction vehicle 52, move with the mobile lightning induction vehicle 52, and communicate with the central control module 6 through a communication link. The communication link is completed by a wireless communication system. The wireless communication system can provide a variety of interface modes, such as Ethernet interface and RS-232 interface. At the same time, it is compatible with a variety of protocols: Ethernet bridge function, wireless transmission IP and other protocols. It has the advantage of not being limited to indoor applications, and the point-to-multipoint coverage radius is up to 100 kilometers, and the point-to-point method can exceed 150 kilometers. Optimize the selection of modulation mode, apply communication protocol, and components to ensure the stability of long-distance transmission. Frequency hopping spread spectrum technology ensures the operation of outdoor point-to-multipoint systems, especially in harsh radio environments with severe interference. By using a wireless communication system to network the lightning operation monitoring center, the operating status of each station system can be viewed and changed at the main station, and data can be transmitted so that data can be verified at the first time. The introduction of the wireless communication system has greatly improved the overall operation control level of the fully automated three-dimensional active defense system. The existing intelligent judgment method for the timing of lightning induction is mainly based on subjective judgment based on the waveform characteristics of the atmospheric electric field. Although the timing of lightning induction based on human judgment can effectively grasp most of the lightning induction opportunities, the waveform characteristics change rapidly for thunderstorms with frequent discharges. These discharge events account for a considerable proportion of the lightning waveform, and their waveform characteristics are difficult to manually identify and judge. The timing of lightning induction often fails in these cases; and it requires a lot of manpower, time and energy, and the feasibility is poor. One way to solve this problem is to apply machine learning methods-let the computer itself learn knowledge from the raw data and extract patterns through the machine itself, that is, the intelligent judgment system for lightning induction timing. The system identifies the timing of lightning induction based on many parameters such as the rise time, fall time and pulse width of the lightning discharge waveform. This waveform-based intelligent identification method of lightning-inducing timing can be summarized as follows: based on the statistical results of a limited number of observed fact samples, a feature set is constructed for different discharge types to form a classifier, and each discharge waveform is classified according to the classifier. This type of classifier can be regarded as an algorithm under the criterion of empirical risk minimization. The current lightning-inducing rocket launch ignition system is generally completed manually. The present invention has developed an unattended automatic ignition control system based on the combination of hardware and software. By designing a special ignition control circuit, the written code is burned into the chip, and when the launch instruction from the intelligent judgment system of lightning-inducing timing is received, automatic ignition without human intervention is truly realized.The main advantage of the automatic adjustment system of the mine-attracting launch platform is that it reduces human intervention. It mainly relies on receiving feedback information from the radar detection system to automatically adjust the azimuth and elevation of the mine-attracting missile launch.

[0075] In some embodiments of the present invention, the central control module 6 is located at the center of the system. Its main functions are to complete the inversion and re-sharing of satellite data, monitoring of radar observation status, output of lightning location network results, adjustment of the working status of mobile artificial lightning induction equipment, and unified scheduling and coordination of all modules.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 5 As shown, the early warning workflow of the single-station radar includes: a transmitter 311, a radar transceiver switch 312, a signal receiver 313 and a radar signal processing system 314. The transmitter, the radar transceiver switch and the signal receiver adopt conventional radar technology, and the main improvement is the radar signal processing system 314. Specifically, it includes a missing data filling module 3141, a differential reflectivity system error correction module 3142, a correlation coefficient correction module 3143, a de-folding processing module 3144, a differential propagation phase shift filtering module 3145 and a reconstruction module 3146. The integrity and consistency of radar data are ensured by filling in the missing data; the module for correcting the system error of differential reflectivity is corrected by setting compensation parameters. This correction method for eliminating errors can not only correct historical data afterwards, but also correct errors on site as needed, thereby ensuring the reliability of data; the correlation coefficient is an important indicator for evaluating the quality of radar data and echo classification. The invention sets the radar data reliability signal-to-noise ratio threshold through the inverted signal-to-noise ratio to complete the correction of the correlation coefficient, thereby ensuring the acquisition of high-quality radar data and radar echo classification information closer to the actual conditions; when encountering a large-scale heavy precipitation system, the forward propagation phase difference at the far end of the precipitation echo may be greater than the maximum measurable value and cause folding. The forward propagation phase difference with folding is de-folded by using the corrected correlation coefficient and differential reflectivity, and the differential propagation phase shift after de-folding is filtered. The filtering method is to compare each forward propagation phase difference point with the forward propagation phase difference value on the adjacent azimuth and distance library, and filter the one with larger deviation. After being processed by the unfolding processing module and the differential propagation phase shift filtering module, not only the influence of the differential scattering phase shift can be filtered out, but also some abnormal values ​​of folding or jitter can be effectively eliminated to ensure the accuracy of the data; the reconstruction of the differential propagation phase shift rate is completed through quality control methods, which significantly improves the data quality.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 6As shown, a process of a lightning monitoring and early warning module 4 for performing a lightning early warning forecast is provided. After receiving a radar early warning signal 45 sent by a radar system, a lightning detection module 46 starts to start the working mode. The lightning monitoring module 46 includes 4 detection substations, and the configuration of each substation is consistent. Take one of the lightning single station modules 461 as an example. The lightning single station module 461 includes a lightning waveform recording unit 4611, a lightning waveform storage unit 4612, and a lightning waveform processing unit 4613, and its main function is to complete the lightning data recording and real-time processing module. In previous studies, many positioning systems use fast antennas for lightning positioning. However, since the time constant of the fast antenna is usually in the millisecond range, when processing continuously occurring signals, it may cause waveform saturation, thereby affecting the detection efficiency. On this basis, the present invention develops a sensor with a smaller time constant update and a higher gain, which can recover within a few microseconds after detecting strong lightning radiation and causing the output signal to be saturated, which not only does not affect the detection of subsequent pulses, but also can detect weaker signals in lightning events. In terms of radar waveform storage and processing, a flash hard disk is used. Compared with the large-capacity mechanical hard disk used in the previous system, this flash hard disk has the characteristics of fast reading and writing speed and low power consumption. It is precisely because of the faster access speed that the dead time of large-capacity data acquisition is greatly reduced. When lightning occurs frequently, it can also ensure that more comprehensive lightning data is recorded, which is far from what the previous system can do. After the data stream enters the lightning parameter extraction unit 47, the traditional lightning parameter extraction is mainly based on the artificial design of lightning waveform characteristics. This method is easily limited by subjective factors and the number of data samples, and it requires a lot of manpower, time and energy, and the feasibility is poor. The present invention applies a machine learning method-let the computer itself learn knowledge from the original data, that is, the machine extracts the pattern by itself. In practical applications, good recognition effects have been achieved. Regarding the improvement of the data transmission unit 48, the traditional method is that the substation directly transmits point-to-point to the central measurement through the Internet. This mode is easily affected by fluctuations in network transmission speed, resulting in data backlog and delay, which in turn affects the computing speed. The present invention uses the public domain on the Internet as a transfer station, and takes advantage of the fast and stable transmission speed of the public domain to quickly complete the transmission from the substation to the public domain, and from the public domain to the central station. The main improvement of the lightning result output unit 49 is to optimize the display method of the lightning spatiotemporal parameters. For example, the traditional display method mainly displays a single point, and the interface is monotonous and not intuitive. The present invention increases the statistical function of the software and displays the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of lightning in the form of regional density, which can not only understand the occurrence and development characteristics and movement trends of lightning at a macro level, but also understand the characteristics of a single lightning discharge.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 7As shown, a mobile fully automatic manual lightning induction vehicle workflow is provided. The main steps include receiving high-frequency lightning warning signals 511, automatically identifying lightning strike timing 514, recording the launch timing 519, and recording the electric field waveform 520. Compared with the traditional manual control mode, the advantage of the working mode of the lightning induction vehicle is that it realizes true unattended operation, and automatically completes the timing selection and launch of the lightning induction bomb, and the automatic adjustment of the azimuth and elevation angle of the pan-tilt platform according to instructions and machine learning methods.

[0079] It should be noted that the figure marks in this paragraph tend to refer to the content related to the steps in the process.

[0080] In a rapidly changing atmospheric environment, no single detection system can provide comprehensive information about the target object, so it is necessary to explore the synergistic effects of complementary observations. For example, one of the main advantages of satellite remote sensing is the ability to quickly observe large areas on the earth, and to quickly monitor the atmosphere and the surface, etc., but the coverage limitations of currently available satellite data are also obvious. At the same time, there is a trade-off between the spatial and temporal coverage and resolution of satellite observations, such as higher spatial coverage leading to lower spatial resolution, and higher spatial resolution leading to lower spatial coverage; ground-based weather radar has the advantages of high resolution, all-day and all-weather monitoring and strong penetration, and is an effective means and method for observing and studying severe convective weather, but data processing is complex and affected by terrain; although the lightning location system has a high resolution for lightning occurring in a specific area, the trade-off between its detection range and the number of stations also needs to be considered. Generally speaking, if it is necessary to detect the occurrence of lightning in a larger range, more stations need to be deployed, and the number of stations required also increases. It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present application provides a fully automatic active defense system and method based on the integration of artificial lightning induction and multiple detection means. First, it fully utilizes the advantages of large-scale observation of air-based satellites, all-weather observation of ground-based radars, and high-precision detection of lightning; secondly, it uses a fully automatic intelligent unmanned artificial lightning induction vehicle based on machine learning to implement aerial lightning induction; and then affects the charge structure of thunderstorm clouds through human intervention; ultimately, it achieves the goal of weakening and eliminating the impact of strong flashes in strong thunderstorm clouds, thereby providing protection for the safety of sensitive targets and major infrastructure in the defense area.

[0081] Parts of the present invention that are not described in detail are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0082] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation modes, which are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automated three-dimensional active defense system, characterized in that: The system comprises: Sensitive targets, targets that the defense system focuses on protecting; Defense zone, an area within a certain diameter above a sensitive target, is the area monitored and defended by the defense system; Thunderstorm cloud system, cloud system located within the defense area; A remote sensing satellite is arranged above the defense area and is used to perform satellite monitoring of thunderstorm clouds around the defense area and send an early warning signal to the radar monitoring module when the thunderstorm clouds reach the edge of the defense area; A plurality of radar monitoring modules are distributed in the defense area and used for real-time tracking and monitoring of the thunderstorm cloud. During the tracking and monitoring process, horizontal scanning and vertical scanning are performed to obtain the dynamic characteristics and microphysical parameters of the thunderstorm cloud and send them to the lightning monitoring and early warning module in real time. A lightning monitoring and early warning module is used to collect electromagnetic waves released by strong lightning in the thunderstorm cloud, invert the spatiotemporal parameters of lightning occurrence, deduce and forecast the development trend of the thunderstorm cloud, and send the results to the central control module; The central control module is connected to the radar monitoring module, the remote sensing satellite, the lightning monitoring and early warning module and the mobile artificial lightning induction module, and is used to complete the inversion and reanalysis of satellite data, monitor the radar observation status, locate thunderstorm clouds according to the obtained data, and send operation instructions to the mobile artificial lightning induction module when the lightning elimination conditions are met; Mobile artificial mine-inducing modules are distributed in the defense area and are used to achieve artificial mine-inducing.

2. The fully automated three-dimensional active defense system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lightning monitoring and early warning module includes a number of detection substations distributed in the defense area. The baseline length of the detection substation is within the range of 20km-40km, which is used to monitor the occurrence of cloud flash and ground flash in the defense area in real time; The radar monitoring module includes at least three groups of Doppler dual-polarization radars with baseline lengths in the range of 50km-80km, which are used to monitor the occurrence and development of thunderstorm clouds within the defense area in real time.

3. The fully automated three-dimensional active defense system according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are several mobile artificial lightning-inducing modules, which include a lightning-inducing operation monitoring center, a mobile lightning-inducing vehicle and a lightning-inducing bomb; the lightning-inducing bomb is installed on the mobile lightning-inducing vehicle, and the mobile lightning-inducing vehicle launches the lightning-inducing bomb into the air to perform lightning-inducing operations under the control of the lightning-inducing operation monitoring center; the lightning-inducing operation monitoring center is communicatively connected to the central control module.

4. The fully automated three-dimensional active defense system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mine-inducing operation monitoring center includes an intelligent judgment unit for the timing of mine-inducing, an automatic ignition unit for mine-inducing bombs, and an automatic adjustment unit for the mine-inducing launching platform; The intelligent judgment unit for the timing of lightning attraction and the automatic adjustment unit for the lightning attraction launch platform are communicatively connected to the central control module; the automatic ignition unit for the lightning attraction rocket is connected to the intelligent judgment unit for the timing of lightning attraction, and performs the ignition operation for launching the lightning attraction rocket after the timing of lightning attraction is met.

5. The fully automated three-dimensional active defense system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radar monitoring module includes a ground radar, a transmitter, a radar transceiver switch, a signal receiver and a radar signal processing system; Specifically, The radar signal processing system includes a missing data filling module, a differential reflectivity system error correction module, a correlation coefficient correction module, a de-folding processing module, a differential propagation phase shift filtering module and a reconstruction module; The radar transceiver switch is connected to the ground radar, and a two-way feedback mechanism is used to control the ground radar to transmit and receive signals; the transmitter is connected to the radar transceiver switch, and transmits electromagnetic signals to the radar transceiver switch; the radar transceiver switch is connected to the signal receiver, and transmits the signal received by the radar to the signal receiver; the signal receiver transmits the signal received by the radar to the radar signal processing system; The signal received by the radar completes the missing data filling module, the differential reflectivity system error correction module, the correlation coefficient correction module, the decompression processing module, the differential propagation phase shift filtering module and the reconstruction module in the radar signal processing system in sequence, and finally outputs the signal after quality control.

6. The fully automated three-dimensional active defense system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thunderstorm cloud system includes small thunderstorms in the early stage, strong thunderstorm clouds with vigorous development and accompanied by strong lightning, and weak thunderstorm clouds that gradually dissipate after artificial lightning induction operations are carried out; The defense area is a range with a diameter of 180km-220km, and the sensitive target is located in the middle of the defense area.

7. The fully automated three-dimensional active defense system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lightning monitoring and early warning module includes a lightning detection module, a lightning parameter extraction unit, a data transmission unit and a lightning result output unit which are connected in sequence; The lightning detection module includes several lightning single-station modules, and the lightning single-station modules include a lightning waveform recording unit, a lightning waveform storage unit and a lightning waveform processing unit; the content output by the lightning result output unit includes the lightning occurrence time, lightning occurrence location and lightning movement trend.

8. A fully automated three-dimensional active defense method, characterized in that: It is implemented by using a fully automated three-dimensional active defense system as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; The steps of the method include: The thunderstorm cloud system around the defense area is monitored by remote sensing satellites. When the thunderstorm cloud system is detected to move to the outermost layer of the defense area, the remote sensing satellite sends an early warning signal to the radar monitoring module; After receiving the warning signal, the radar monitoring module starts the working mode and tracks and monitors the thunderstorm cloud system in real time; the working mode is horizontal scanning and vertical scanning, and the various parameters of the thunderstorm cloud system are analyzed and sent to the lightning monitoring and warning module; After receiving the data sent by the radar monitoring module, the lightning monitoring and early warning module starts the working mode, detects the electromagnetic waves released by the strong lightning in the thunderstorm cloud system, inverts the spatiotemporal parameters of the lightning occurrence, and deduces and predicts the development trend of the thunderstorm cloud system, and sends the results to the central control module; The central control module analyzes and judges the received data, and when the lightning elimination conditions are met, sends a lightning elimination signal to the mobile artificial lightning induction module; After receiving the lightning elimination signal, the mobile artificial lightning induction module launches a lightning induction bomb to the location of the thunderstorm cloud system to achieve artificial lightning induction and weaken the intensity of the thunderstorm cloud system, so that it cannot cause harm to sensitive targets in the defense area.

9. The fully automated three-dimensional active defense method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The working steps of the lightning monitoring and early warning module include: The electromagnetic waves released by strong lightning in the thunderstorm cloud system are detected by multiple groups of detection substations, and the lightning waveforms are processed, recorded and stored respectively; Extract key parameters from the processed lightning waveform and locate each strong lightning in the thunderstorm cloud system; Deducing the development trend of the thunderstorm cloud system; Parameters including the time of lightning occurrence, location of lightning occurrence and movement trend of lightning are sent to the central control module for further judgment and processing.

10. The fully automated three-dimensional active defense method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The working steps of the mobile artificial lightning induction module include: The mobile artificial lightning induction module enters a standby state after receiving the lightning elimination signal; Conducting real-time electric field monitoring on the thunderstorm cloud system; Automatically identify the timing of lightning strikes based on the monitored data, and when the window of lightning induction timing appears, launch a lightning induction bomb with a metal filament toward the thunderstorm cloud system; when the lightning induction bomb reaches the designated position of the thunderstorm cloud system, execute the automatic detonation mode to achieve artificial lightning induction; Reload the ammunition and confirm the status of the lightning bomb; at the same time or afterwards, record the launch timing and electric field waveform; If the lightning elimination signal still appears after the lightning-inducing bomb is launched, the automatic identification of the timing of lightning strike will continue.

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