Combined type leveling and ditching component suitable for rice stubble field

Abstract

The invention relates to a combined type flat ditching component suitable for a rice stubble field. The combined type flat ditching component mainly comprises an arc-shaped soil dragging plate, a disc ditcher and a profiling seeding device, wherein the disc ditcher and the profiling seeding device are mounted on the soil dragging plate. After soil is rotationally cut by the rotary blade, a compartment surface is leveled through the arc-shaped soil dragging plate, pre-ditching is carried out by the disc ditcher, and ditching and seed falling are carried out by the profiling seeding device. The seeding depth can be controlled by adjusting the pre-tightening force of the compression spring on the threaded rod of the profiling seeding device, meanwhile, the sliding knife type seed falling single body of the profiling seeding device is closely connected behind the disc furrow opener, so that grass hanging and hilling of the furrow opener are avoided, and finally the flat compartment surface and smooth seed falling are realized. The arc-shaped soil dragging plate can reduce adhesion of soil, the profiling seeding device can adjust the inclination angle of the sliding knife type seed falling single body and control the seeding depth of the component under different working conditions, so that an external machine tool can conduct ditching seeding operation while conducting leveling operation, the longitudinal breadth of the whole machine is shortened, and operation power consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural furrowing and sowing, and in particular to a combined leveling furrowing component suitable for rice stubble fields. Background Art

[0002] The soil in rice stubble fields in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is heavy and easy to compact. When sowing rapeseed or wheat, good seed bed conditions need to be constructed. At present, the common seed furrowing components used in domestic oilseed wheat combine seeders are mainly furrowing rollers and double-disc furrow openers. The furrowing roller relies on tractor traction, and uses its own gravity to compact the soil and open seed furrows, but it is easy to stick to the soil, has poor adaptability, and is not compatible with the sowing of multiple crops. The double-disc furrow opener also relies on tractor traction. The advantage is that it can open neat seed furrows, which is conducive to improving the stability of sowing and is widely used in precision sowing. However, the overall size of the device is large, it is inconvenient to install, and the adjustment of the sowing depth is relatively complicated. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a combined leveling and seed-ditching component suitable for rice stubble fields in view of the above problems and requirements.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A combined leveling and furrowing component suitable for a rice stubble field comprises an arc-shaped soil dragging plate, a disc furrow opener and a contour seeding device, wherein the arc-shaped soil dragging plate is connected to an external machine through a soil dragging plate rotating shaft, and a contour connection device for adjusting the working height and inclination angle of the arc-shaped soil dragging plate is hinged on the arc-shaped soil dragging plate, the arc-shaped soil dragging plate is used to level the vehicle surface; the disc furrow opener is mounted on the lower end of the arc-shaped soil dragging plate through the disc furrow opener rotating shaft for pre-ditching; the contour seeding device is mounted on the arc-shaped soil dragging plate through a fixing rod on the arc-shaped soil dragging plate and the disc furrow opener rotating shaft, the height and inclination angle of a sliding knife type seed dropping unit can be adjusted by adjusting the pre-tightening force of a threaded rod spring on the threaded rod of the contour seeding device, so as to achieve adjustable seeding depth, and the sliding knife type seed dropping unit is connected to a seed meter; the surface of the arc-shaped soil dragging plate is in a parabolic shape and the force-bearing surface is in a smooth arc shape, and the natural concave design of the parabola is used to allow soil to slide along the curve.

[0006] Furthermore, the contoured connecting device includes a frame connecting frame, a straight rod, a straight rod sleeve, a straight rod spring, a straight rod gasket, an upper socket pin, and a lower socket pin; the upper part of the straight rod is installed on the frame connecting frame through the straight rod sleeve, and the frame connecting frame is fixed on the external machine, and the lower part of the straight rod is connected to the arc-shaped earth-dragging plate; a straight rod spring is sleeved on the outer side of the straight rod, and a straight rod sleeve and a lower socket pin are respectively provided at both ends of the straight rod spring, and a plurality of mounting holes cooperating with the lower socket pin are opened along the axis line at the lower end of the straight rod, and the compression length and preload force of the straight rod spring can be adjusted by changing the installation position of the lower socket pin, thereby adjusting the range of motion of the arc-shaped earth-dragging plate; the contoured connecting device has two groups and is symmetrically installed on the arc-shaped earth-dragging plate.

[0007] Furthermore, there are multiple disc openers and they are installed side by side along the axial direction of the disc opener rotating shaft installed on the arc-shaped soil-dragging plate, and each disc opener cooperates with a contour seeding device, and the height and inclination angle of the sliding knife seeding unit on each contour seeding device can be adjusted independently.

[0008] Furthermore, the contour seeding device is installed on the arc-shaped soil-dragging plate through a fixed rod and a disc furrow opener rotating shaft, and the fixed rod is connected to the soil-dragging plate through a fixed rod connecting frame. The height of the fixed rod can be adjusted by adjusting the connection position of the fixed rod and the fixed connecting frame, thereby changing the range of activity of the contour seeding device.

[0009] Furthermore, the contour seeding device comprises a threaded rod sleeve, a threaded rod, a threaded rod spring, an upper top nut, a lower top nut, a threaded rod gasket, and a sliding knife type seeding unit; the upper end of the threaded rod is connected to the fixed rod through the threaded rod sleeve, and the lower end is connected to the sliding knife type seeding unit, and at the same time the contour seeding device is connected to the rotating shaft of the disc furrow opener through the sliding knife type seeding unit; a threaded rod spring is sleeved on the outer side of the threaded rod, and upper and lower top nuts are installed at both ends of the threaded rod spring, and the compression length and preload of the threaded rod spring can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the lower top nut, thereby adjusting the height and inclination angle of the sliding knife type seeding unit.

[0010] Furthermore, the starting point of the sliding blade of the sliding blade type seed drop unit is located behind the disc furrow opener, and the sliding blade edge adopts a parabolic curve. The sliding blade edge curve is fitted according to the soil flow law when the sliding blade type furrow opener is operating, and the fitting curve is y=0.004x 2 -0.7111x-0.5755.

[0011] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0012] 1. The soil support plate of the present invention can achieve the function of profiling, and each seed furrow opening component can achieve independent profiling, which can effectively adjust the soil support plate and the sowing depth of each profiling sowing bomb. In addition, in case of uneven seed bed surface during operation, the height of the seed furrow opening device can be adjusted to ensure the ability of breaking the soil and sowing, and maintain the stability of the sowing depth;

[0013] 2. The present invention integrates the functions of soil retaining, leveling and seed trenching into a combined device. Compared with the soil retaining and leveling parts at the rear of traditional agricultural machinery, it reduces the power consumption of the operation and greatly shortens the longitudinal width of the machinery, making the structure simpler.

[0014] 3. The present invention is based on the shape of the sliding blade type furrow opener after soil adhesion when the disc opener cooperates with the ordinary sliding blade type furrow opener. The fitting curve is y=0.004x 2 -0.7111x-0.5755, which can effectively prevent the furrow opener from being entangled with grass and soil, ensuring that the seeds fall into the soil smoothly.

[0015] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is the left schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the matching between the contour connection device and the arc-shaped drag plate

[0019] Figure 4 Connection diagram of the profiling seeding device

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the sliding knife type sowing unit

[0021] Figure 6 It is a left side schematic diagram after the present invention is assembled with a frame;

[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of assembling the present invention with a frame;

[0023] The components represented by the reference numerals in the figure are as follows:

[0024] 1. Combined leveling furrowing parts; 11. Drag plate shaft; 12. Arc drag plate; 13. Fixed rod; 14. Fixed rod connecting frame; 15. Disc furrowing device shaft; 16. Disc furrowing device; 2. Profiling connection device; 20. Frame connecting frame; 21. Straight rod; 22. Upper socket pin; 23. Straight rod sleeve; 24. Straight rod spring; 25. Straight rod gasket; 26. Lower socket pin; 3. Profiling sowing device; 31. Threaded rod; 32. Upper top nut; 33. Threaded rod sleeve; 34. Threaded rod spring; 35. Threaded rod gasket; 36. Lower top nut; 37. Sliding knife sowing unit; 4. Seed guide tube; 5. Seeder; 6. Fertilizer box; 7. Frame; 8. Rotary tillage parts DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in the figure, the present invention is a combined leveling and furrowing component suitable for rice stubble fields, which is installed behind the rotary tillage component 8 and connected to the seed meter 5. The leveling and furrowing component mainly consists of an arc-shaped soil dragging plate 12, a disc furrowing device 16 installed on the soil dragging plate, and a contour seeding device 3. After the soil is cut by the rotary tillage blade, it is leveled by the arc-shaped soil dragging plate 12, and then the disc furrowing device 16 performs pre-ditching, and then the contour seeding device 3 performs furrowing and seeding.

[0027] In order to reduce the amount of soil adhesion, the present invention designs a curved soil dragging plate 12, so that the area where the soil contacts the curved surface during operation is designed as a relatively steep curved surface, which gradually flattens as the curved surface moves forward, so that the soil is continuously separated during the rising and falling process. The curved soil dragging plate 12 is connected to the external machine through the soil dragging plate rotating shaft 11 and the profiling connection device 2, and the height and inclination angle of the curved soil dragging plate 12 are adjusted by adjusting the preload force of the spring in the profiling connection device, and the curved soil dragging plate 12 can be lifted when not in operation.

[0028] In order to control the sowing depth, the present invention designs a contour sowing device 3 with adjustable threaded rod spring preload, such as Figure 4As shown. The device includes a threaded rod sleeve 33, a threaded rod 31, a threaded rod spring 34, an upper top nut 32, a lower top nut 36, a threaded rod gasket 35, a sliding knife type sowing unit 37, etc. The upper end of the threaded rod 31 of the profiling sowing device 3 is connected to the fixed rod 13 through the threaded rod sleeve 33, and the lower end of the threaded rod 31 is connected to the sliding knife type sowing unit 37. At the same time, the profiling sowing device 3 is connected to the disc furrow opener rotating shaft 15 through the sliding knife type sowing unit 37; when the flat furrowing component is in operation, the disc furrow opener 16 first performs pre-ditching, and then the sliding knife type sowing unit 37 performs furrowing and sowing. When the sliding knife type sowing unit 37 contacts the soil, the sliding knife type sowing unit has a tendency to move upward and rotates around the threaded rod sleeve 33, thereby driving the threaded rod spring 34 to contract, thereby realizing the profiling function of the profiling sowing device 3. The operation can adjust the upper and lower top nuts on the threaded rod 31 of the profiling seeding device according to the sowing depth requirements, thereby adjusting the preload force of the threaded rod spring 34 to implement the adjustable sowing depth function of the device.

[0029] The installation position of the flattening and ditching component is as follows Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, during the sowing operation, the rotary tillage component 8 breaks the soil, and the arc-shaped dragging plate 12 is used to level the bed surface. At the same time, the seed meter 5 discharges the seeds, which fall through the seed guide tube 4 to the seed drop port of the sliding knife type sowing unit 37 under the action of gravity, and then fall into the soil to complete the sowing.

[0030] The workflow of the present invention is:

[0031] Before the operation, Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the components are mounted on a frame 7, and the frame 7 is connected to a tractor;

[0032] During operation, the soil is cut by the rotary tiller and then pre-leveled by the arc-shaped dragging plate 12 of the component, and then pre-ditched by the disc ditching 16, and then the seed trench is opened by the sliding knife sowing unit 37, and finally the seeding device 5 is used to sow the seeds, and the seeds fall through the seed guide tube 4 to the seed dropping port of the sliding knife sowing unit 37 to complete the entire operation process.

[0033] The disc furrow opener of the present invention is followed by a sliding knife edge of a contoured seeding device. The sliding knife edge curve is fitted according to the soil flow law when the sliding knife furrow opener is operating. The fitting curve is y=0.004x^2-0.7111x-0.5755. The cooperation between the disc furrow opener and the sliding knife seeding unit can effectively prevent the furrow opener from being entangled with grass and mounding the soil, ensuring that the seeds fall into the soil smoothly.

[0034] The above is an example of the best implementation of the present invention, and the parts not described in detail are common knowledge of ordinary technicians in the field. The protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the content of the claims, and any equivalent transformation based on the technical enlightenment of the present invention is also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined leveling and furrowing component suitable for rice stubble fields, characterized in that: The invention comprises an arc-shaped soil-dragging plate, a disc furrow opener and a contoured seeding device, wherein the arc-shaped soil-dragging plate is connected to an external machine through a soil-dragging plate rotating shaft, and a contoured connecting device for adjusting the working height and inclination angle of the arc-shaped soil-dragging plate is hinged on the arc-shaped soil-dragging plate, and the arc-shaped soil-dragging plate is used to level the vehicle surface; the disc furrow opener is installed on the lower end of the arc-shaped soil-dragging plate through the disc furrow opener rotating shaft for pre-ditching; the contoured seeding device is installed on the arc-shaped soil-dragging plate through a fixed rod on the arc-shaped soil-dragging plate and the disc furrow opener rotating shaft, and the height and inclination angle of the sliding knife type seeding unit can be adjusted by adjusting the pre-tightening force of the threaded rod spring on the threaded rod of the contoured seeding device, so as to realize adjustable seeding depth, and at the same time, the sliding knife type seeding unit is connected to the seeding device; the surface of the arc-shaped soil-dragging plate is in a parabolic shape and the force-bearing surface is a smooth arc, and the natural concave design of the parabola is used to allow the soil to slide along the curve.

2. The combined leveling and ditching component suitable for rice stubble fields according to claim, characterized in that: The contoured connecting device comprises a frame connecting frame, a straight rod, a straight rod sleeve, a straight rod spring, a straight rod gasket, an upper socket pin and a lower socket pin; the upper part of the straight rod is installed on the frame connecting frame through the straight rod sleeve, the frame connecting frame is fixed on the external machine, and the lower part of the straight rod is connected with the arc-shaped earth-dragging plate; the outer side of the straight rod is sleeved with a straight rod spring, and the two ends of the straight rod spring are respectively provided with a straight rod sleeve and a lower socket pin, and the lower end of the straight rod is provided with a plurality of mounting holes cooperating with the lower socket pin along the axis, and the compression length and preload force of the straight rod spring can be adjusted by changing the installation position of the lower socket pin, thereby adjusting the range of motion of the arc-shaped earth-dragging plate; the contoured connecting device has two groups and is symmetrically installed on the arc-shaped earth-dragging plate.

3. The combined leveling and ditching component suitable for rice stubble fields according to claim, characterized in that: There are multiple disc openers and they are installed side by side along the axial direction of the disc opener rotating shaft installed on the arc-shaped soil dragging plate. Each disc opener cooperates with a contour seeding device, and the height and inclination angle of the sliding knife seeding unit on each contour seeding device can be adjusted independently.

4. The combined leveling and ditching component suitable for rice stubble fields according to claim, characterized in that: The profiling seeding device is installed on the arc-shaped soil-dragging plate through a fixing rod and a rotating shaft of a disc furrow opener. The fixing rod is connected to the soil-dragging plate through a fixing rod connecting frame. The height of the fixing rod can be adjusted by adjusting the connection position of the fixing rod and the fixing connecting frame, thereby changing the activity range of the profiling seeding device.

5. The combined leveling and ditching component suitable for rice stubble fields according to claim, characterized in that: The profiling seeding device comprises a threaded rod sleeve, a threaded rod, a threaded rod spring, an upper top nut, a lower top nut, a threaded rod gasket, and a sliding knife type seeding unit; the upper end of the threaded rod is connected to the fixed rod through the threaded rod sleeve, and the lower end is connected to the sliding knife type seeding unit, and the profiling seeding device is connected to the rotating shaft of the disc furrow opener through the sliding knife type seeding unit; a threaded rod spring is sleeved on the outer side of the threaded rod, and upper and lower top nuts are installed at both ends of the threaded rod spring. By adjusting the position of the lower top nut, the compression length and preload of the threaded rod spring can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the height and inclination angle of the sliding knife type seeding unit.

6. The combined leveling and ditching component suitable for rice stubble fields according to claim, characterized in that: The sliding starting point of the sliding blade type seed drop unit is located behind the disc furrow opener, and the sliding blade edge adopts a parabolic curve. The sliding blade edge curve is fitted according to the soil flow law when the sliding blade type furrow opener is operating, and the fitting curve is y=0.004x 2 -0.7111x-0.5755.

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