Automatic tool changing device and method for numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to an automatic tool changing device and method for a numerical control machine tool. The machine tool comprises a machine tool body, a numerical control module is arranged on the side face of the machine tool body, a notch is formed in the side face of the machine tool body, and a conveying belt penetrates through the two ends of the notch. According to the tool bit replacement limiting device, the driving force of the motor is matched with a reciprocating lead screw, a numerical control tool bit and other assemblies in the tool bit replacement limiting device, and the effect that the numerical control tool bit drives a spring telescopic rod fixed to the side face of the numerical control tool bit to move in the displacement process is achieved; when the electric control telescopic rod stretches out to drive the numerical control tool bit to cut, the electric control telescopic rod can retract under the action that the cambered surface arranged at one end of the electric control telescopic rod corresponds to the cambered surface arranged on the side face of the limiting block and is clamped between the limiting block and the swing block to swing, so that the electric control telescopic rod can automatically limit when stretching out to drive the numerical control tool bit to cut; and the effect of automatically replacing the tool bits according to different cutting requirements is achieved, and the cutting effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of numerically controlled machine tools, and in particular to an automatic tool changing device and method for numerically controlled machine tools. Background Art

[0002] CNC machine tool is the abbreviation of digital control machine tool, which is an automated machine tool equipped with a program control system. The control system can logically process programs specified by control codes or other symbolic instructions, decode them, express them in coded numbers, and input them into the CNC device through information carriers. After calculation and processing, the CNC device sends various control signals to control the movement of the machine tool and automatically process the parts according to the shape and size required by the drawing.

[0003] According to a disclosed automatic tool changing device and tool changing method for a CNC machine tool (publication number: CN116493992B), it includes: a base, a multi-axis workpiece moving module, a processing module, a control module and an auxiliary tool changing mechanism; the multi-axis workpiece moving module is fixedly installed on the front side of the top of the base; the processing module is arranged on the rear side of the top of the base and is located above the multi-axis workpiece moving module; the control module is installed on the right side of the outer wall of the processing module, and the control module is electrically connected to the multi-axis workpiece moving module and the processing module; the auxiliary tool changing mechanism is installed on the left side of the outer wall of the processing module. The automatic tool changing device and tool changing method for a CNC machine tool can protect the tools in the tool magazine, avoid machining waste chips adhering to the tool surface, and affect the normal processing after the subsequent tool change, and can realize the storage and replacement of various types of tools, increase adaptability, and avoid damage to the tool caused by excessive hard contact impact during docking.

[0004] In the above application, it is difficult to limit the new cutter head after the cutter head is replaced by the automatic cutter changing device, resulting in insufficient stability of the new cutter head during the cutting process and difficulty in ensuring the cutting effect, which needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides an automatic tool changing device and method for a numerically controlled machine tool.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: An automatic tool changing device and method for a CNC machine tool, comprising a machine tool body, a CNC module is arranged on the side of the machine tool body, a notch is opened on the side of the machine tool body, a conveyor belt is passed through both ends of the notch, a lower material bin is fixedly connected to the side of the machine tool body, and a tool changing head limiting device is arranged inside the machine tool body; the tool changing head limiting device comprises a motor, the side of the motor is fixedly connected to the inner side of the machine tool body, the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to a reciprocating screw rod, an internal threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the reciprocating screw rod, an electrically controlled telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the internal threaded sleeve, a CNC tool head is fixedly connected to the bottom of the electrically controlled telescopic rod, a limiting rod is slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the internal threaded sleeve, and one end of the limiting rod is fixedly connected to the side of the motor.

[0007] A limit block is fixedly connected to the side of the machine tool body, a swing block is fixedly and rotatably connected to the side of the limit block, a half gear is fixedly connected to one end of the reciprocating screw, a rack rod is slidably connected to the inner side of the machine tool body, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the side of the rack rod, a blocking block is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod, a spring telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the side of the CNC tool head, and one end of the spring telescopic rod is set to an arc surface.

[0008] A return spring is fixedly connected to one end of the rack rod, and one end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the machine tool body. A return torsion spring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the swing block, and one end of the return torsion spring is fixedly connected to the side of the limit block. The function of the return spring is to utilize its elasticity to automatically drive the rack rod to reset when the top of the rack rod is not meshed with the bottom of the half gear.

[0009] The top of the rack rod meshes with the bottom of the half gear, the shape of the limit block is set to be L-shaped, the longer end of the limit block is located on the displacement track of the spring telescopic rod, and the longer end of the limit block is provided with an arc surface corresponding to one end of the spring telescopic rod, and the side of the swing block fits with one side of the blocking block. This design ensures that the rack rod is driven to slide horizontally during the rotation of the half gear, and the spring telescopic rod can be stuck in the area between the limit block and the swing block for limiting during the displacement process. At the same time, it ensures that the side of the swing block is blocked when it is stuck, and it will not rotate due to the squeezing of the spring telescopic rod, thereby improving the limiting effect of the CNC tool head.

[0010] A tool head cleaning device is provided on the top of the internal threaded sleeve, and the tool head cleaning device includes a fixed plate, the side of the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the side of the internal threaded sleeve, the top of the fixed plate is fixedly connected to a pressure air pump, one end of the pressure air pump is fixedly penetrated by a compression air bag, the other end of the pressure air pump is fixedly penetrated by a duckbill nozzle, and the top of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to an extrusion rod. The tool head cleaning device is designed mainly to clean the CNC tool head immediately after cutting, to prevent excessive accumulation of impurities on the tool head and affect the next cutting, and at the same time protect the CNC tool head, prevent corrosion caused by long-term accumulation of impurities, and increase its service life. The side of the compressed airbag is located on the displacement track of the extrusion rod, and one end of the duckbill nozzle is located directly above the CNC cutter head. This design ensures that the extrusion rod can better squeeze the compressed airbag during the displacement process, thereby enhancing the stability of the device operation.

[0011] The numerical control module is electrically connected to the control end of the electric control telescopic rod, and the numerical control cutter heads are provided in multiple groups with different sizes, along the side of the internal thread sleeve along a linear array. Such a design mainly utilizes the numerical control module to control the electric control telescopic rod to extend and retract, and multiple cutter heads of different sizes improve the applicability of the machine tool body.

[0012] A fixing device is provided on the top of the limit rod, and the fixing device includes a control shaft, the control shaft is rotatably connected to the top of the limit rod, two pressing rods are fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the control shaft, a force block is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the control shaft, and a rotating lever is fixedly connected to the side of the half gear. The design of the fixing device is mainly to fix the object to be cut on the conveyor belt at the same time after the tool changer limit device enters the positioning, thereby enhancing the stability of the CNC tool head during cutting.

[0013] The side of the force block fits with the side of the rotating plate. This design allows the rotating plate to better squeeze the side of the force block during the rotation process, thereby driving the fixed downward pressure rod on the control shaft to rotate and press the object to be cut. A rotating torsion spring is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential surface of the control shaft, and one end of the rotating torsion spring is fixedly connected to the top of the limit rod. The design of the rotating torsion spring mainly utilizes its torsion to reset the control shaft when the force block is not squeezed by the rotating plate.

[0014] A tool changing method for an automatic tool changing device of a numerical control machine tool comprises the following steps: S1: When the machine tool body needs to work, the conveyor belt is first started through the CNC module, and the material is placed on the top of the conveyor belt, and then enters the interior of the machine tool body through the notch set on the side of the machine tool body; S2: At this time, select the appropriate CNC cutter head according to the cutting angle and depth required. After the selection is completed, start the motor to drive the reciprocating screw to rotate. When the spring telescopic rod moves to the side of the limit block, it will shrink due to the corresponding effect of the arc surface set at one end of itself and the arc surface set on the side of the limit block, and then get stuck between the limit block and the swing block to swing, so as to limit the CNC cutter head; S3: When the CNC cutter head has finished cutting, the motor is restarted to drive the reciprocating screw to continue to rotate counterclockwise. The counterclockwise rotation of the reciprocating screw drives the half gear to rotate counterclockwise. The displacement of the pressure pump drives the compression airbag to move. The displacement of the compression airbag will be squeezed by the squeezing rod fixed on the top during the sliding process of the connecting rod, squeezing the compression airbag. The compression airbag is squeezed, and under the effect of the increased pressure inside the pressure pump, the duckbill nozzle at the other end is driven to spray. S4: The control shaft rotates counterclockwise to drive the lower pressure rod to rotate counterclockwise, and the lower pressure rod rotates counterclockwise to limit the material on the top of the conveyor belt.

[0015] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention cooperates with the reciprocating screw rod, CNC cutter head and other components inside the cutter head limit device through the driving force of the motor, so that the CNC cutter head drives the spring telescopic rod fixed on its side to move during the displacement process. When the spring telescopic rod moves to the side of the limit block, it will shrink due to the corresponding effect of the arc surface set at one end of itself and the arc surface set on the side of the limit block, and the spring telescopic rod will swing between the limit block and the swing block. When the electric telescopic rod is extended to drive the CNC cutter head for cutting, the electric telescopic rod can automatically limit the position, and the cutter head can be automatically replaced according to different cutting requirements, thereby improving the cutting effect.

[0016] 2. The present invention realizes that the displacement of the pressure air pump drives the compression air bag to move by cooperating with the pressure air pump, compression air bag and other components inside the cutter head cleaning device during the displacement process through the connection rod. When the compression air bag moves, it will be squeezed by the extrusion rod fixed on the top during the sliding process of the connection rod, squeezing the compression air bag. When the compression air bag is squeezed, the duckbill nozzle at the other end is driven to spray air under the effect of the enhanced pressure inside the pressure air pump, thereby blowing away the fixed impurities remaining on the side of the CNC cutter head, ensuring the cleanliness of the CNC cutter head. After the CNC cutter head is cut, it is cleaned as soon as possible to prevent excessive accumulation of impurities on the cutter head and affect the next cutting. At the same time, the CNC cutter head is protected to prevent corrosion caused by long-term accumulation of impurities, thereby increasing its service life.

[0017] 3. When the half gear rotates, one side of the force block inside the fixing device is squeezed and drives the control shaft to rotate counterclockwise. The counterclockwise rotation of the control shaft drives the lower pressure rod to rotate counterclockwise. The counterclockwise rotation of the lower pressure rod limits the material on the top of the conveyor belt to prevent the material from shifting during the cutting process of the CNC knife head, resulting in poor cutting effect.

[0018] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional front view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a top sectional side view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the first section of the middle side surface; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the second section of the middle side surface; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional enlarged view of the tool change head limiting device of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 2 A is a three-dimensional enlarged schematic diagram; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 4 Three-dimensional enlarged image of B.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Machine tool body; 2. CNC module; 3. Notch; 4. Conveyor belt; 5. Unloading bin; 6. Tool head limit device; 61. Motor; 62. Reciprocating screw; 63. Internal thread sleeve; 64. Electric control telescopic rod; 65. CNC tool head; 66. Limit rod; 67. Limit block; 68. Swing block; 69. Half gear; 610. Rack rod; 611. Connecting rod; 612. Block block; 613. Spring telescopic rod; 614. Reset spring; 615. Reset torsion spring; 7. Tool head cleaning device; 71. Fixed plate; 72. Pressure air pump; 73. Compressed air bag; 74. Duckbill nozzle; 75. Extrusion rod; 8. Fixing device; 81. Control shaft; 82. Pressing rod; 83. Force block; 84. Rotating lever; 85. Rotating torsion spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1 like Figure 1 to Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment proposes an automatic tool changing device for a CNC machine tool, comprising a machine tool body 1, a CNC module 2 is arranged on the side of the machine tool body 1, a notch 3 is opened on the side of the machine tool body 1, and conveyor belts 4 are passed through both ends of the notch 3, a material discharge bin 5 is fixedly connected to the side of the machine tool body 1, and a tool change head limiting device 6 is arranged inside the machine tool body 1; the tool change head limiting device 6 comprises a motor 61, the side of the motor 61 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the machine tool body 1, the output shaft of the motor 61 is fixedly connected to a reciprocating screw rod 62, the circumferential surface of the reciprocating screw rod 62 is threadedly connected to an internal thread sleeve 63, the circumferential surface of the internal thread sleeve 63 is fixedly connected to an electrically controlled telescopic rod 64, the bottom of the electrically controlled telescopic rod 64 is fixedly connected to a CNC tool head 65, the circumferential surface of the internal thread sleeve 63 is slidably connected to a limiting rod 66, and one end of the limiting rod 66 is fixedly connected to the side of the motor 61.

[0024] A limit block 67 is fixedly connected to the side of the machine tool body 1, and a swing block 68 is fixedly and rotatably connected to the side of the limit block 67. A half gear 69 is fixedly connected to one end of the reciprocating screw rod 62. A rack rod 610 is slidably connected to the inner side of the machine tool body 1. A connecting rod 611 is fixedly connected to the side of the rack rod 610, and a blocking block 612 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 611. A spring telescopic rod 613 is fixedly connected to the side of the CNC tool head 65, and one end of the spring telescopic rod 613 is set as an arc surface.

[0025] A return spring 614 is fixedly connected to one end of the rack rod 610, and one end of the return spring 614 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the machine tool body 1. A return torsion spring 615 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the swing block 68, and one end of the return torsion spring 615 is fixedly connected to the side of the limit block 67. The function of the return spring 614 is to utilize its elasticity to automatically drive the rack rod 610 to reset when the top of the rack rod 610 is not meshed with the bottom of the half gear 69.

[0026] The top of the rack rod 610 meshes with the bottom of the half gear 69, the shape of the limit block 67 is set to be L-shaped, the longer end of the limit block 67 is located on the displacement track of the spring telescopic rod 613, and the longer end of the limit block 67 is provided with an arc surface corresponding to one end of the spring telescopic rod 613, and the side of the swing block 68 fits with one side of the blocking block 612. This design ensures that the rack rod 610 is driven to slide horizontally during the rotation of the half gear 69, and the spring telescopic rod 613 can be stuck in the area between the limit block 67 and the swing block 68 during the displacement process for limiting. At the same time, it ensures that the side of the swing block 68 is blocked when it is stuck, and it will not rotate due to the squeezing of the spring telescopic rod 613, thereby improving the limiting effect of the CNC tool head 65. In this embodiment, when the machine tool body 1 is required to work, the conveyor belt 4 is first started by the numerical control module, and the material is placed on the top of the conveyor belt 4, and then enters the interior of the machine tool body 1 through the notch 3 set on the side of the machine tool body 1; At this time, the appropriate CNC cutter head 65 is selected according to the cutting angle and depth required. After the selection is completed, the motor 61 is started to drive the reciprocating screw rod 62 to rotate. The rotation of the reciprocating screw rod 62 drives the internal thread sleeve 63 to slide back and forth horizontally under the restriction of the limit block 67. The reciprocating screw rod 62 slides back and forth horizontally, thereby driving the electric control telescopic rod 64 to move following the displacement of the reciprocating screw rod 62. During the displacement process, the electric control telescopic rod 64 drives the CNC cutter head 65 fixed at its bottom to move following the displacement of the electric control telescopic rod 64. During the displacement process, the CNC cutter head 65 drives the spring telescopic rod 613 fixed on its side to move. When the spring telescopic rod 613 moves to the side of the limit block 67, it will shrink due to the corresponding effect of the arc surface set at one end of itself and the arc surface set on the side of the limit block 67, and then get stuck between the limit block 67 and the swing block 68 to swing; At the same time, when the spring telescopic rod 613 is inserted between the limit block 67 and the swing block 68, the reciprocating screw rod 62 rotates counterclockwise to drive the half gear 69 to rotate counterclockwise, and the half gear 69 rotates counterclockwise to drive the rack rod 610 meshing with it to slide from left to right, and the rack rod 610 slides from left to right to drive the connecting rod 611 to slide from left to right, and the connecting rod 611 slides from left to right to drive the blocking block 612 to slide from left to right, blocking the other side of the swing block 68 to prevent the swing block 68 from rotating. After the limit is completed, the electric control telescopic rod 64 is started by the CNC module 2, and the electric control telescopic rod 64 extends to drive the CNC cutter head 65 to cut.

[0027] Example 2 like Figure 1 to Figure 7As shown, based on the same concept as the above-mentioned embodiment 1, this embodiment further proposes that a cutter head cleaning device 7 is provided on the top of the internal threaded sleeve 63, and the cutter head cleaning device 7 includes a fixed plate 71, and the side of the fixed plate 71 is fixedly connected to the side of the internal threaded sleeve 63, and the top of the fixed plate 71 is fixedly connected to a pressure air pump 72, one end of the pressure air pump 72 is fixedly penetrated by a compression air bag 73, and the other end of the pressure air pump 72 is fixedly penetrated by a duckbill nozzle 74, and the top of the connecting rod 611 is fixedly connected to an extrusion rod 75. The design of the cutter head cleaning device 7 is mainly to clean the CNC cutter head 65 as soon as possible after cutting, to prevent excessive accumulation of impurities on the cutter head and affect the next cutting, and at the same time protect the CNC cutter head 65, prevent corrosion caused by long-term accumulation of impurities, and increase its service life. The side of the compressed airbag 73 is located on the displacement track of the extrusion rod 75, and one end of the duckbill nozzle 74 is located directly above the CNC cutter head 65. Such a design ensures that the extrusion rod 75 better squeezes the compressed airbag 73 during the displacement process, thereby enhancing the stability of the operation of the device.

[0028] The numerical control module 2 is electrically connected to the control end of the electric control telescopic rod 64, and the numerical control cutter heads 65 are provided in multiple groups with different sizes, along the linear array on the side of the internal thread sleeve 63. Such a design mainly utilizes the numerical control module 2 to control the electric control telescopic rod 64 to extend and retract, and multiple cutter heads of different sizes improve the applicability of the machine tool body 1.

[0029] A fixing device 8 is provided at the top of the limiting rod 66, and the fixing device 8 includes a control shaft 81, which is rotatably connected to the top of the limiting rod 66, two pressing rods 82 are fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the control shaft 81, a force block 83 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the control shaft 81, and a rotating lever 84 is fixedly connected to the side of the half gear 69. The design of the fixing device 8 is mainly to fix the object to be cut on the conveyor belt 4 at the same time after the tool changer limiting device 6 enters the positioning, thereby enhancing the stability of the CNC tool head 65 during cutting.

[0030] The side of the force block 83 fits with the side of the rotating plate 84. Such a design allows the rotating plate 84 to better squeeze the side of the force block 83 during the rotation process, thereby driving the fixed pressing rod 82 on the control shaft 81 to rotate and press the object to be cut.

[0031] The circumferential surface of the control shaft 81 is fixedly sleeved with a rotating torsion spring 85, one end of which is fixedly connected to the top of the limit rod 66. The design of the rotating torsion spring 85 mainly utilizes its torsion to reset the control shaft 81 when the force block 83 is not squeezed by the rotating plate 84.

[0032] A tool changing method for an automatic tool changing device of a numerical control machine tool comprises the following steps: S1: When the machine tool body 1 is required to work, the conveyor belt 4 is first started by the numerical control module, and the material is placed on the top of the conveyor belt 4, and then enters the interior of the machine tool body 1 through the notch 3 set on the side of the machine tool body 1; S2: At this time, the appropriate CNC cutter head 65 is selected according to the cutting angle and depth required. After the selection is completed, the motor 61 is started to drive the reciprocating screw 62 to rotate. When the spring telescopic rod 613 moves to the side of the limit block 67, it will shrink due to the corresponding effect of the arc surface set at one end of itself and the arc surface set on the side of the limit block 67, and then get stuck between the limit block 67 and the swing block 68 to swing, so as to limit the CNC cutter head 65; S3: When the CNC cutter head 65 has finished cutting, the motor 61 is restarted to drive the reciprocating screw rod 62 to continue to rotate counterclockwise. The counterclockwise rotation of the reciprocating screw rod 62 drives the half gear 69 to rotate counterclockwise. The displacement of the pressure pump 72 drives the compression airbag 73 to move. The displacement of the compression airbag 73 is squeezed by the squeezing rod 75 fixed on the top during the sliding process of the connecting rod 611, squeezing the compression airbag 73. The compression airbag 73 is squeezed, and under the effect of the increased pressure inside the pressure pump 72, the duckbill nozzle 74 at the other end is driven to spray. S4: The control shaft 81 rotates counterclockwise to drive the lower pressure rod 82 to rotate counterclockwise. The lower pressure rod 82 rotates counterclockwise to limit the material on the top of the conveyor belt 4. In this embodiment, when the CNC cutter head 65 has finished cutting, the motor 61 is restarted to drive the reciprocating screw rod 62 to continue to rotate counterclockwise. The counterclockwise rotation of the reciprocating screw rod 62 drives the half gear 69 to rotate counterclockwise. The counterclockwise rotation of the half gear 69 no longer meshes with the teeth at the top of the rack rod 610. The rack rod 610 is elastically acted upon by a reset spring 614 fixed at one end, which drives the blocking block 612 to reset and slide through the connecting rod 611. At this time, one side of the swing block 68 is no longer restricted by the blocking block 612, and the internal threaded sleeve 63 drives the CNC cutter head 65 to move through the electrically controlled telescopic rod 64. The displacement of the CNC cutter head 65 drives the side of the spring telescopic rod 613 to squeeze The other side of the swing block 68 is squeezed and rotated counterclockwise. During the displacement of the internal threaded sleeve 63, the fixed plate 71 is driven to be displaced. The displacement of the fixed plate 71 drives the pressure air pump 72 to be displaced. The displacement of the pressure air pump 72 drives the compression air bag 73 to be displaced. The displacement of the compression air bag 73 is squeezed by the squeezing effect of the squeezing rod 75 fixed on the top during the sliding process of the connecting rod 611, squeezing the compression air bag 73. The compression air bag 73 is squeezed. Under the effect of the increased pressure inside the pressure air pump 72, the duckbill nozzle 74 at the other end is driven to spray, thereby blowing off the fixed impurities remaining on the side of the CNC cutter head 65 to ensure the cleanliness of the CNC cutter head 65. During the counterclockwise rotation of the half gear 69, the rotating plate 84 is driven to rotate, and the rotating plate 84 rotates to squeeze one side of the force block 83. One side of the force block 83 is squeezed and drives the control shaft 81 to rotate counterclockwise. The counterclockwise rotation of the control shaft 81 drives the lower pressure rod 82 to rotate counterclockwise. The lower pressure rod 82 rotates counterclockwise to limit the material on the top of the conveyor belt 4 to prevent the material from shifting during the cutting process of the CNC cutter head 65, resulting in poor cutting effect.

[0033] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic tool changing device for a CNC machine tool, characterized in that:

1. A machine tool body (1) is provided with a numerical control module (2) on the side of the machine tool body (1), a notch (3) is provided on the side of the machine tool body (1), a conveyor belt (4) is passed through both ends of the notch (3), a material discharge bin (5) is fixedly connected to the side of the machine tool body (1), and a tool change head limit device (6) is provided inside the machine tool body (1); The tool head limit device (6) comprises a motor (61), the side surface of the motor (61) being fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the machine tool body (1), the output shaft of the motor (61) being fixedly connected to a reciprocating screw rod (62), the circumferential surface of the reciprocating screw rod (62) being threadedly connected to an internal thread sleeve (63), the circumferential surface of the internal thread sleeve (63) being fixedly connected to an electric control telescopic rod (64), the bottom of the electric control telescopic rod (64) being fixedly connected to a numerical control tool head (65), the circumferential surface of the internal thread sleeve (63) being slidably connected to a limit rod (66), one end of the limit rod (66) being fixedly connected to the side surface of the motor (61).

2. The automatic tool changing device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit block (67) is fixedly connected to the side of the machine tool body (1), a swing block (68) is fixedly and rotatably connected to the side of the limit block (67), a half gear (69) is fixedly connected to one end of the reciprocating screw rod (62), a rack rod (610) is slidably connected to the inner side of the machine tool body (1), a connecting rod (611) is fixedly connected to the side of the rack rod (610), a blocking block (612) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod (611), and a spring telescopic rod (613) is fixedly connected to the side of the CNC tool head (65), one end of the spring telescopic rod (613) being arranged as an arc surface.

3. The automatic tool changing device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: A return spring (614) is fixedly connected to one end of the rack rod (610), and one end of the return spring (614) is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the machine tool body (1). A return torsion spring (615) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the swing block (68), and one end of the return torsion spring (615) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the limit block (67).

4. The automatic tool changing device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the rack rod (610) is meshed with the bottom of the half gear (69), the shape of the limit block (67) is set to be L-shaped, the longer end of the limit block (67) is located on the displacement track of the spring telescopic rod (613), and the longer end of the limit block (67) is provided with an arc surface corresponding to one end of the spring telescopic rod (613), and the side surface of the swing block (68) is in contact with one side of the blocking block (612).

5. The automatic tool changing device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: A cutter head cleaning device (7) is arranged at the top of the internal threaded sleeve (63), and the cutter head cleaning device (7) comprises a fixing plate (71), the side of the fixing plate (71) is fixedly connected to the side of the internal threaded sleeve (63), the top of the fixing plate (71) is fixedly connected to a pressure air pump (72), one end of the pressure air pump (72) is fixedly penetrated by a compression air bag (73), the other end of the pressure air pump (72) is fixedly penetrated by a duckbill nozzle (74), and the top of the connecting rod (611) is fixedly connected to an extrusion rod (75).

6. The automatic tool changing device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side surface of the compression airbag (73) is located on the displacement track of the extrusion rod (75), and one end of the duckbill nozzle (74) is located directly above the CNC tool head (65).

7. The automatic tool changing device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The numerical control module (2) is electrically connected to the control end of the electric control telescopic rod (64), and the numerical control tool heads (65) are provided in multiple groups with different sizes and arranged along a linear array on the side of the internal thread sleeve (63).

8. The automatic tool changing device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: A fixing device (8) is provided at the top of the limiting rod (66), and the fixing device (8) comprises a control shaft (81), the control shaft (81) is rotatably connected to the top of the limiting rod (66), two pressing rods (82) are fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the control shaft (81), a force block (83) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the control shaft (81), and a rotating lever (84) is fixedly connected to the side of the half gear (69).

9. The automatic tool changing device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: The side surface of the force bearing block (83) fits with the side surface of the rotating plate (84); a rotating torsion spring (85) is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential surface of the control shaft (81); one end of the rotating torsion spring (85) is fixedly connected to the top of the limiting rod (66).

10. A tool changing method for an automatic tool changing device of a CNC machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: When the machine tool body (1) is required to work, the conveyor belt (4) is first started by the numerical control module, and the material is placed on the top of the conveyor belt (4), and then enters the interior of the machine tool body (1) through the notch (3) provided on the side of the machine tool body (1); S2: At this time, an appropriate CNC cutter head (65) is selected according to different cutting angles and depths required. After the selection is completed, the motor (61) is started to drive the reciprocating screw (62) to rotate. When the spring telescopic rod (613) moves to the side of the limit block (67), it will shrink due to the corresponding effect of the arc surface set at one end of itself and the arc surface set on the side of the limit block (67), and then get stuck between the limit block (67) and the swing block (68) to swing, thereby limiting the CNC cutter head (65); S3: When the CNC cutter head (65) has finished cutting, the motor (51) is restarted to drive the reciprocating screw (52) to continue to rotate counterclockwise. The counterclockwise rotation of the reciprocating screw (52) drives the half gear (69) to rotate counterclockwise. The displacement of the pressure pump (72) drives the compression airbag (73) to move. The displacement of the compression airbag (73) is squeezed by the squeezing rod (75) fixed on the top during the sliding process of the connecting rod (611), squeezing the compression airbag (73). The compression airbag (73) is squeezed, and under the effect of the increased pressure inside the pressure pump (72), the duckbill nozzle (74) at the other end is driven to spray. S4: The control shaft (81) rotates counterclockwise to drive the pressing rod (82) to rotate counterclockwise, and the pressing rod (82) rotates counterclockwise to limit the material on the top of the conveyor belt (4).

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