Charging and discharging control system and method for new energy electric vehicle charging pile in residential area

Abstract

The invention discloses a charging and discharging control system and method for a new energy electric vehicle charging pile in a residential area. The system comprises a charging pile module, a data transmission module, a multi-protocol compatible module, a charging and discharging optimization module, a constraint setting module and an optimization control module. The method comprises the steps of 1, charging pile access and authentication; step 2, multi-protocol compatible charging control; step 3, wireless sensor data transmission; 4, demand response and constraint condition setting; step 5, optimization problem construction and intelligent scheduling; step 6, performing real-time feedback and adjustment; according to the invention, a plurality of relay nodes are deployed for data transmission, and different relay nodes are selected for data transfer, so that the data transmission path is optimized, and the communication interference among the nodes is reduced, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of information collection, effectively collecting the operation information of the new energy electric vehicle charging pile, and improving the safety of the new energy electric vehicle charging pile. And comprehensive and accurate data support is provided for management and operation of the charging pile.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of charging pile control, and in particular to a charging and discharging control system and method for a charging pile of a new energy electric vehicle in a residential area. Background Art

[0002] The new energy electric vehicle charging pile system in residential areas is an equipment system that provides charging services specifically for new energy electric vehicles. It is installed in residential areas to meet the electric vehicle charging needs of community residents or visitors. With the popularization of new energy electric vehicles, residential areas, as the main place for daily parking and charging of electric vehicles, have put forward higher requirements for the charging and discharging control of charging piles; an efficient and intelligent charging pile charging and discharging control system can not only meet the rapid charging needs of electric vehicles, but also realize reverse discharge when necessary, providing emergency support for the community power grid.

[0003] The existing charging and discharging control system of new energy electric vehicle charging piles in residential areas has the following defects: First, due to the inconsistency of communication protocols or the complexity of the physical environment, there is often communication interference between the various nodes in the current charging pile control system, which not only leads to data loss and errors in the information collection process, reduces the accuracy and completeness of the information, but also directly affects the monitoring and management efficiency of the charging process. The lag and inaccuracy of information make it difficult for the system to respond to the charging needs of electric vehicles in a timely manner, affecting the user experience, and also bringing additional challenges to operation and maintenance management; Second, with the continuous improvement of the popularity of electric vehicles, when a large number of electric vehicles are connected to the charging piles for charging in the same time period, the urgency of the charging pile load The sudden increase in load not only increases the load pressure on the power grid, but also may cause fluctuations in the frequency and voltage of the power grid, posing a serious threat to the stable operation of the power grid. If there is a lack of effective load management and scheduling strategies, this sudden load change may cause power grid failures and even cause large-scale power outages, which will have a significant impact on residents' lives and industrial production. Third, due to the inconsistency of charging interface standards among different electric vehicle manufacturers and countries, existing charging piles often only support a single charging interface standard. This lack of uniformity in standards has greatly limited the scope of application of electric vehicle charging, causing some electric vehicle users to face compatibility issues when using charging piles, which significantly reduces charging efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a charging and discharging control system and method for a new energy electric vehicle charging pile in a residential area to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a charging and discharging control system for a new energy electric vehicle charging pile in a residential area, comprising a charging pile module, wherein the charging pile module comprises a charging pile module, a main control module, a billing management module, a charging management module, a discharging management module, a safety protection module, a user interaction module, a device management module and a system monitoring module, and the charging pile module is data-connected with a data transmission module, the data transmission module comprises a data processing module, a data conversion module, a relay node module and a network communication module, wherein the data processing module establishes a data connection with the system monitoring module, the charging pile module is data-connected with a multi-protocol compatible module, and the multi-protocol compatible module is data-connected with the data transmission module, the multi-protocol compatible module comprises an identity authentication module, a protocol identification module, a charging algorithm module and a dynamic adaptive module, wherein the identity authentication module establishes a data connection with the user interaction module, and the charging algorithm module establishes a data connection with the charging management module.

[0006] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the charging pile module is data connected to a charging and discharging optimization module, and the charging and discharging optimization module establishes a data connection with the data transmission module. The charging and discharging optimization module includes a constraint setting module, an optimization control module and a time-sharing optimization module, wherein the optimization control module establishes a data connection with the dynamic adaptive module, and the time-sharing optimization module establishes a data connection with the billing management module.

[0007] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the safety protection module includes an overcurrent protection module, an overvoltage protection module, an undervoltage protection module, an overtemperature protection module, a short circuit protection module and a grounding protection module.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the billing management module includes a billing strategy module, an electricity metering module, a fee calculation module, a payment interface module, a bill management module and a data statistics module.

[0009] The charging and discharging control method of a new energy electric vehicle charging pile in a residential area includes step one, charging pile access and authentication; step two, multi-protocol compatible charging control; step three, wireless sensor data transmission; step four, demand response and constraint condition setting; step five, optimization problem construction and intelligent scheduling; step six, real-time feedback and adjustment; In the above step 1, the user accesses the charging pile and verifies the user information through the user interaction module; In the above step 2, after the identity authentication is passed, the charging gun connection protocol is identified through the multi-protocol compatible module, and the corresponding charging control algorithm program is called according to the identification result; In the above step 3, a relay node module is deployed in the residential area to ensure that it covers all charging piles, and data communication is transmitted through the network communication module; In the above step 4, the constraint setting module comprehensively considers factors such as the power supply capacity of the power grid, the charging and discharging capacity of the charging pile, the charging demand of the electric vehicle and the user demand response, and sets the charging and discharging constraint conditions of the charging pile based on these factors to ensure the stable operation of the power grid and the satisfaction of the charging demand of the electric vehicle; In the above step 5, an optimization problem is constructed by optimizing the control module, with the goal of minimizing the variance of the charging pile load, and using the intelligent scheduling strategy to scientifically arrange the charging time and sequence of the electric vehicles to alleviate the load pressure of the charging pile; In the above step six, the charging and discharging strategy and optimization algorithm are adjusted in real time according to the actual operation of the charging pile and user feedback, and the operation status of the charging pile is monitored through the system monitoring module to promptly discover and handle abnormal situations to ensure the safety and stability of the charging process.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, in the step 2, when the vehicle connection is detected, the identity information of the vehicle is strictly verified by the identity authentication module in the multi-protocol compatible module using encryption technology and database comparison. This process ensures that only authorized vehicles can access the charging pile for charging, effectively preventing illegal charging behavior, ensuring the safety and order of charging facilities, and automatically identifying the protocol standard connected to the charging gun through the protocol identification module. Then, according to the identification structure, the charging control algorithm program matching the protocol is called through the charging algorithm module. The optimal charging strategy can be formulated according to the battery characteristics, charging requirements and real-time conditions of the power grid of different electric vehicles, and the charging process can be dynamically adjusted through the dynamic adaptive module to adapt to the dynamic adjustment of the charging strategy by the charging and discharging optimization module.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, in the step three, a relay node module is deployed in a residential area to ensure that it covers all charging piles. Various data in the charging and discharging system are processed by a data processing module. The current, voltage, charging power and charging time operation information of the charging pile collected by the system monitoring module are converted into digital signals by a data conversion module according to the preset collection frequency and format of each node. Then, a suitable relay node module is selected through the network communication module for forwarding, and the data is transmitted to the data center.

[0012] As a further technical solution of the present invention, in step 4, the constraint setting module comprehensively considers factors such as the power supply capacity of the power grid, the charging and discharging capacity of the charging pile, the charging demand of the electric vehicle and the user demand response, and sets the charging and discharging constraint conditions of the charging pile based on these factors to ensure the stable operation of the power grid and the satisfaction of the charging demand of the electric vehicle, and establishes the following constraint conditions:

[0013] Where P Gis the grid power supply interaction power, d is the discharge power, v is the charging demand, and a is the response degree of user demand. This constraint ensures that the charging and discharging behavior of the charging pile will not cause overload on the grid, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the grid.

[0014] As a further technical solution of the present invention, in step 4, in order to ensure the stable operation of the charging pile, a constraint condition of the charging and discharging load change rate of the vehicle charging pile is established:

[0015] Where δ% is the limit value of the charge and discharge load change rate of the new energy electric vehicle charging pile.

[0016] As a further technical solution of the present invention, in step 5, an optimization problem is constructed by optimizing the control module, with the goal of minimizing the variance of the charging pile load, using an intelligent scheduling strategy to scientifically arrange the charging time and sequence of electric vehicles to alleviate the load pressure of the charging pile, and the optimization goal is:

[0017] Where P i is the charging and discharging power of the i-th charging pile, and m is the total number of charging piles.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention deploys multiple relay nodes for data transmission, optimizes the data transmission path by selecting different relay nodes for data transfer, reduces communication interference between nodes, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of information collection, effectively collects the operation information of new energy electric vehicle charging piles, and provides comprehensive and accurate data support for the management and operation of charging piles. The invention is designed with a dynamic optimization function, by establishing constraints for the purpose of ensuring the stable operation of the power grid and meeting the charging needs of electric vehicles, and optimizing the charging strategy on this basis, with minimizing the variance of the charging pile load as the optimization goal, combined with intelligent scheduling technology, by scientifically and reasonably arranging the charging time and sequence of electric vehicles, thereby realizing the refinement of charging management, fully alleviating the load pressure of the charging pile, significantly smoothing the load fluctuation in the charging pile, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of energy, and effectively reducing the waste of energy. At the same time, through the multi-protocol compatibility function, the protocol standard connected to the charging gun can be automatically identified according to the protocol identification module, and the charging control algorithm program matching the protocol can be called. The entire charging process realizes dynamic and automatic identification and control without manual intervention, which greatly improves the ease of use and charging efficiency of the multi-protocol charging pile. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a system structure diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a module architecture diagram of the billing management module of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a module architecture diagram of the security protection module of the present invention; Figure 4 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a system flow chart of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Charging pile module; 11. Main control module; 12. Billing management module; 121. Billing strategy module; 122. Electricity metering module; 123. Cost calculation module; 124. Payment interface module; 125. Bill management module; 126. Data statistics module; 13. Charging management module; 14. Discharging management module; 15. Safety protection module; 151. Overcurrent protection module; 152. Overvoltage protection module; 153. Undervoltage protection module; 154. Overtemperature protection module; 155. Short circuit protection module; 156. Grounding protection module; 16. User interaction module; 17. Equipment management module; 18. System monitoring module; 2. Data transmission module; 21. Data processing module; 22. Data conversion module; 23. Relay node module; 24. Network communication module; 3. Multi-protocol compatibility module; 31. Identity authentication module; 32. Protocol identification module; 33. Charging algorithm module; 34. Dynamic adaptive module; 4. Charging and discharging optimization module; 41. Constraint setting module; 42. Optimization control module; 43. Time-sharing optimization module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 3, an embodiment provided by the present invention: a charging and discharging control system for a charging pile of a new energy electric vehicle in a residential area, comprising a charging pile module 1, the charging pile module 1 comprising a charging pile module 1, a main control module 11, a billing management module 12, a charging management module 13, a discharging management module 14, a safety protection module 15, a user interaction module 16, a device management module 17 and a system monitoring module 18, the charging pile module 1 is data-connected with a data transmission module 2, the data transmission module 2 comprises a data processing module 21, a data conversion module 22, a relay node module 23 and a network communication module 24, wherein the data processing module 21 establishes a data connection with the system monitoring module 18, the charging pile module 1 is data-connected with a multi-protocol compatible module 3, and the multi-protocol compatible module 3 is data-connected with the data transmission module 2, the multi-protocol compatible module 3 comprises an identity authentication module 31, a protocol identification module 32, a charging algorithm module 33 and a dynamic adaptive module 34, wherein the identity authentication module 31 establishes a data connection with the user interaction module 16, and the charging algorithm module 33 establishes a data connection with the charging management module 13; the charging pile module 1 is data-connected with a charging and discharging optimization module 4, and the charging and discharging optimization module 4 is data-connected with the charging and discharging optimization module 4. The charging and discharging optimization module 4 establishes a data connection with the data transmission module 2, and the charging and discharging optimization module 4 includes a constraint setting module 41, an optimization control module 42 and a time-sharing optimization module 43, wherein the optimization control module 42 establishes a data connection with the dynamic adaptive module 34, and the time-sharing optimization module 43 establishes a data connection with the billing management module 12. The time-sharing optimization module 43 can encourage users to charge during periods of low grid load by implementing time-sharing billing, thereby balancing the load distribution of the grid, which helps to reduce the peak-to-valley difference of the grid, improve the operating efficiency and stability of the grid, and also help to alleviate the grid under high The pressure during peak hours is reduced, and the risk of power grid failure is reduced; the safety protection module 15 includes an overcurrent protection module 151, an overvoltage protection module 152, an undervoltage protection module 153, an overtemperature protection module 154, a short-circuit protection module 155 and a grounding protection module 156. The overcurrent protection module 151, the overvoltage protection module 152, the undervoltage protection module 153, the overtemperature protection module 154 and the short-circuit protection module 155 are used to protect the equipment when the current is abnormal, the voltage is abnormal, the temperature is abnormal and the short circuit is abnormal. The grounding protection module 156 is used to ensure that the equipment is properly grounded to prevent electric shock accidents;The charging management module 12 includes a charging strategy module 121, an electricity metering module 122, a fee calculation module 123, a payment interface module 124, a bill management module 125 and a data statistics module 126. The charging strategy module 121 is used to set different charging strategies according to the time-sharing optimization module 43. The electricity metering module 122 is used to record the power consumption of the electric vehicle in the charging process in real time. The fee calculation module 123 is used to automatically calculate the user's charging fee according to the set charging strategy and the recorded electricity data. The payment interface module 124 is used to provide a quick payment method. The bill management module 125 is used to automatically generate a detailed charging bill according to the fee calculation result, and provides bill query, printing, export and other functions. The data statistics module 126 is used to record the detailed data of each charging, including charging time, power consumption, fee, etc., and perform statistical analysis. ;

[0023] Please see attached Figure 4 -Attached Figure 5 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: a charging and discharging control method for a charging pile of a new energy electric vehicle in a residential area, comprising step one, charging pile access and authentication; step two, multi-protocol compatible charging control; step three, wireless sensor data transmission; step four, demand response and constraint condition setting; step five, optimization problem construction and intelligent scheduling; step six, real-time feedback and adjustment; In the above step 1, the user accesses the charging pile and verifies the user information through the user interaction module 16; In the above step 2, when the vehicle connection is detected, the identity information of the vehicle is strictly verified by using encryption technology and database comparison through the identity authentication module 31 in the multi-protocol compatible module 3. This process ensures that only authorized vehicles can access the charging pile for charging, effectively preventing illegal charging behavior and ensuring the safety and order of charging facilities. The protocol identification module 32 automatically identifies the protocol standard connected to the charging gun, and then calls the charging control algorithm program matching the protocol through the charging algorithm module 33 according to the identification structure. It can formulate the optimal charging strategy according to the battery characteristics, charging requirements and real-time status of the power grid of different electric vehicles, and dynamically adjust the charging process through the dynamic adaptive module 34 to adapt to the dynamic adjustment of the charging strategy by the charge and discharge optimization module 4; In the above step three, the relay node module 23 is deployed in the residential area to ensure that it covers all charging piles. The various data in the charging and discharging system are processed by the data processing module 21. The current, voltage, charging power and charging time operation information of the charging pile collected by the system monitoring module 18 are converted into digital signals by the data conversion module 22 according to the preset collection frequency and format of each node, and then the network communication module 24 selects the appropriate relay node module 23 for forwarding, and transmits the data to the data center; In the above step 4, the constraint setting module 41 comprehensively considers factors such as the power supply capacity of the power grid, the charging and discharging capacity of the charging pile, the charging demand of the electric vehicle and the user demand response, and sets the charging and discharging constraint conditions of the charging pile based on these factors to ensure the stable operation of the power grid and the satisfaction of the charging demand of the electric vehicle, and establishes the following constraint conditions:

[0024] Where P G is the grid power supply interaction power, d is the discharge power, v is the charging demand, and a is the response degree of user demand. This constraint ensures that the charging and discharging behavior of the charging pile will not cause overload to the grid, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the grid. In order to ensure the stable operation of the charging pile, the charging and discharging load change rate constraint of the vehicle charging pile is established:

[0025] Where δ% is the limit value of the charge and discharge load change rate of the new energy electric vehicle charging pile; In the above step 5, an optimization problem is constructed by optimizing the control module 42, with the goal of minimizing the variance of the charging pile load, using the intelligent scheduling strategy, scientifically arranging the charging time and sequence of the electric vehicles, and alleviating the load pressure of the charging pile. The optimization goal is:

[0026] Where P i is the charging and discharging power of the i-th charging pile, and m is the total number of charging piles; In the above step six, the charging and discharging strategy and optimization algorithm are adjusted in real time according to the actual operation of the charging pile and user feedback, and the operation status of the charging pile is monitored through the system monitoring module 18, abnormal situations are discovered and handled in time, and the safety and stability of the charging process are ensured.

[0027] Based on the above, the advantages of the present invention are: when the present invention is used to control the charging and discharging of new energy electric vehicle charging piles in residential areas, the user first accesses the charging pile and verifies the user information through the user interaction module 16 in the charging pile module 1. When the vehicle connection is detected, the identity authentication module 31 in the multi-protocol compatible module 3 uses encryption technology and database comparison to strictly verify the identity information of the vehicle. This process ensures that only authorized vehicles can access the charging pile for charging, effectively preventing illegal charging behavior, ensuring the safety and order of charging facilities, and automatically identifying the protocol standard connected to the charging gun through the protocol identification module 32. Then, according to the identification structure, the charging control algorithm program matching the protocol is called through the charging algorithm module 33, which can formulate the optimal charging strategy according to the battery characteristics, charging requirements and real-time status of the power grid of different electric vehicles, and through the dynamic adaptive module 34 The charging process is dynamically adjusted to adapt to the dynamic adjustment of the charging strategy by the charging and discharging optimization module 4. The data transmission module 2 is deployed in the residential area to ensure that the relay node module 23 therein covers all charging piles. The various data in the charging and discharging system are processed by the data processing module 21. The current, voltage, charging power and charging time operation information of the charging pile collected by the system monitoring module 18 are converted into digital signals by the data conversion module 22 according to the preset collection frequency and format of each node, and then the appropriate relay node module 23 is selected for forwarding through the network communication module 24 to transmit the data to the data center. The constraint setting module 41 comprehensively considers factors such as the power supply capacity of the power grid, the charging and discharging capacity of the charging pile, the charging demand of the electric vehicle and the user demand response. Based on these factors, the charging and discharging constraints of the charging pile are set to ensure the stable operation of the power grid and the satisfaction of the charging demand of the electric vehicle. The following constraints are established:

[0028] Where P G is the grid power supply interaction power, d is the discharge power, v is the charging demand, and a is the response degree of user demand. This constraint ensures that the charging and discharging behavior of the charging pile will not cause overload to the grid, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the grid. In order to ensure the stable operation of the charging pile, the charging and discharging load change rate constraint of the vehicle charging pile is established:

[0029] Where δ% is the limit value of the charge and discharge load change rate of the new energy electric vehicle charging pile. An optimization problem is constructed by optimizing the control module 42, with the goal of minimizing the variance of the charging pile load. The intelligent scheduling strategy is used to scientifically arrange the charging time and sequence of the electric vehicle to alleviate the load pressure of the charging pile. The optimization goal is:

[0030] Where P iis the charging and discharging power of the i-th charging pile, m is the total number of charging piles, and the charging and discharging strategy and optimization algorithm are adjusted in real time according to the actual operation of the charging pile and user feedback, and the operation status of the charging pile is monitored through the system monitoring module 18, and abnormal situations are discovered and handled in time to ensure the safety and stability of the charging process; wherein the main control module 11 is used to control the function operation of the charging pile module 1, the billing strategy module 121 in the billing management module 12 is used to set different billing strategies according to the time-sharing optimization module 43, the power metering module 122 is used to record the power consumption of the electric vehicle during the charging process in real time, the fee calculation module 123 is used to automatically calculate the user's charging fee according to the set billing strategy and the recorded power data, the payment interface module 124 is used to provide a quick payment method, and the bill management module 125 is used to According to the cost calculation results, a detailed charging bill is automatically generated, and bill query, printing, export and other functions are provided. The data statistics module 126 is used to record the detailed data of each charging, including charging time, power consumption, cost, etc., and perform statistical analysis. The overcurrent protection module 151, overvoltage protection module 152, undervoltage protection module 153, overtemperature protection module 154 and short-circuit protection module 155 in the safety protection module 15 are used to protect the equipment when the current, voltage, temperature and short circuit are abnormal. The grounding protection module 156 is used to ensure that the equipment is properly grounded to prevent electric shock accidents. The charging management module 13 and the discharge management module 14 are responsible for the control and management of the charging and discharging process to ensure the safety and efficiency of charging. The equipment management module 17 is used for the configuration, monitoring and maintenance of charging pile equipment.

[0031] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A charging and discharging control system for a new energy electric vehicle charging pile in a residential area, comprising a charging pile module (1), characterized in that: The charging pile module (1) comprises a charging pile module (1), a main control module (11), a billing management module (12), a charging management module (13), a discharging management module (14), a safety protection module (15), a user interaction module (16), a device management module (17) and a system monitoring module (18). The charging pile module (1) is data-connected to a data transmission module (2). The data transmission module (2) comprises a data processing module (21), a data conversion module (22), a relay node module (23) and a network communication module (24). The management module (21) establishes a data connection with the system monitoring module (18), the charging pile module (1) is data-connected with the multi-protocol compatible module (3), and the multi-protocol compatible module (3) is data-connected with the data transmission module (2), the multi-protocol compatible module (3) includes an identity authentication module (31), a protocol identification module (32), a charging algorithm module (33) and a dynamic adaptive module (34), wherein the identity authentication module (31) establishes a data connection with the user interaction module (16), and the charging algorithm module (33) establishes a data connection with the charging management module (13).

2. The charging and discharging control system for the new energy electric vehicle charging pile in residential areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The charging pile module (1) is data-connected to a charging and discharging optimization module (4), and the charging and discharging optimization module (4) establishes a data connection with the data transmission module (2). The charging and discharging optimization module (4) comprises a constraint setting module (41), an optimization control module (42) and a time-sharing optimization module (43), wherein the optimization control module (42) establishes a data connection with the dynamic adaptive module (34), and the time-sharing optimization module (43) establishes a data connection with the billing management module (12).

3. The charging and discharging control system for the new energy electric vehicle charging pile in residential areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The safety protection module (15) comprises an overcurrent protection module (151), an overvoltage protection module (152), an undervoltage protection module (153), an overtemperature protection module (154), a short circuit protection module (155) and a grounding protection module (156).

4. The charging and discharging control system for the new energy electric vehicle charging pile in residential areas according to claim 2 is characterized by: The charging management module (12) comprises a charging strategy module (121), an electricity metering module (122), a fee calculation module (123), a payment interface module (124), a bill management module (125) and a data statistics module (126).

5. A charging and discharging control method for a new energy electric vehicle charging pile in a residential area, comprising step 1, charging pile access and authentication; step 2, multi-protocol compatible charging control; step 3, wireless sensor data transmission; step 4, demand response and constraint condition setting; step 5, optimization problem construction and intelligent scheduling; step 6, real-time feedback and adjustment; characterized in that: In the above step 1, the user accesses the charging pile and verifies the user information through the user interaction module (16); In the above step 2, after the identity authentication is passed, the charging gun connection protocol is identified through the multi-protocol compatible module (3), and the corresponding charging control algorithm program is called according to the identification result; In the above step 3, a relay node module (23) is deployed in the residential area to ensure that it covers all charging piles, and data communication transmission is performed through the network communication module (24); In the above step 4, the constraint setting module (41) comprehensively considers factors such as the power supply capacity of the power grid, the charging and discharging capacity of the charging pile, the charging demand of the electric vehicle and the user demand response, and sets the charging and discharging constraint conditions of the charging pile based on these factors to ensure the stable operation of the power grid and the satisfaction of the charging demand of the electric vehicle; In the above step 5, an optimization problem is constructed by optimizing the control module (42), with the goal of minimizing the variance of the charging pile load, and using an intelligent scheduling strategy to scientifically arrange the charging time and sequence of the electric vehicles to alleviate the load pressure of the charging pile; In the above step six, the charging and discharging strategy and optimization algorithm are adjusted in real time according to the actual operation status of the charging pile and user feedback, and the operation status of the charging pile is monitored through the system monitoring module (18), abnormal situations are discovered and handled in time, and the safety and stability of the charging process are ensured.

6. The charging and discharging control method for a new energy electric vehicle charging pile in a residential area according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 2, when a vehicle connection is detected, the identity information of the vehicle is strictly verified by using encryption technology and database comparison through the identity authentication module (31) in the multi-protocol compatible module (3). This process ensures that only authorized vehicles can access the charging pile for charging, effectively preventing illegal charging behavior and ensuring the safety and order of charging facilities. The protocol standard connected to the charging gun is automatically identified through the protocol identification module (32), and then, based on the identification structure, the charging control algorithm program matching the protocol is called through the charging algorithm module (33). The optimal charging strategy can be formulated according to the battery characteristics, charging requirements and real-time status of the power grid of different electric vehicles, and the charging process is dynamically adjusted through the dynamic adaptive module (34) to adapt to the dynamic adjustment of the charging strategy by the charging and discharging optimization module (4).

7. The method for controlling charging and discharging of a new energy electric vehicle charging pile in a residential area according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step three, a relay node module (23) is deployed in the residential area to ensure that it covers all charging piles. Various data in the charging and discharging system are processed by the data processing module (21). The current, voltage, charging power and charging time operation information of the charging piles collected by the system monitoring module (18) are converted into digital signals by the data conversion module (22) according to the collection frequency and format preset for each node. Then, a suitable relay node module (23) is selected for forwarding through the network communication module (24), and the data is transmitted to the data center.

8. The method for controlling charging and discharging of a new energy electric vehicle charging pile in a residential area according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 4, the constraint setting module (41) comprehensively considers factors such as the power supply capacity of the power grid, the charging and discharging capacity of the charging pile, the charging demand of the electric vehicle and the user demand response, and sets the charging and discharging constraint conditions of the charging pile based on these factors to ensure the stable operation of the power grid and the satisfaction of the charging demand of the electric vehicle, and establishes the following constraint conditions: Where P G is the grid power supply interaction power, d is the discharge power, v is the charging demand, and a is the response degree of user demand. This constraint ensures that the charging and discharging behavior of the charging pile will not cause overload on the grid, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the grid.

9. The method for controlling charging and discharging of a new energy electric vehicle charging pile in a residential area according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 4, in order to ensure the stable operation of the charging pile, the constraint condition of the charging and discharging load change rate of the vehicle charging pile is established: Where δ% is the limit value of the charge and discharge load change rate of the new energy electric vehicle charging pile.

10. The method for controlling charging and discharging of a charging pile for a new energy electric vehicle in a residential area according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 5, an optimization problem is constructed by optimizing the control module (42) to minimize the variance of the charging pile load. The intelligent scheduling strategy is used to scientifically arrange the charging time and sequence of the electric vehicles to alleviate the load pressure of the charging pile. The optimization goal is: Where P i is the charging and discharging power of the i-th charging pile, and m is the total number of charging piles.

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