Discharging device and discharging method suitable for ship unloader

Abstract

The invention discloses an unloading device and an unloading method suitable for a ship unloader, and relates to the technical field of ship unloaders. An air suction channel is arranged on the inner side wall of the feeding hopper; a one-way feeding structure is arranged at the edge position of the grating; the grab bucket can grab materials on the ship body and move to the position over the feeding hopper; the discharging valve is used for receiving materials in the feeding hopper; and the dust remover is connected with a dust removal fan. According to the unloading device suitable for the ship unloader, the technical problems that an unloading device is large in instant dust, large in dust removal motor power and high in use cost are solved, the one-way feeding mechanism is automatically closed when no material enters the feeding hopper, dust is sealed in the feeding hopper, and when the dust removal fan sucks the dust in the feeding hopper, the one-way feeding mechanism is automatically closed when no material enters the feeding hopper. The air inlet area of the grating is reduced, when dust enters an air suction channel under the condition of the same air speed, the wind power loss can be reduced to a great extent, and the dust removal cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship unloaders, and in particular to a unloading device and a unloading method suitable for ship unloaders. Background Art

[0002] Ship unloader is a special machine that uses continuous conveying machinery to make a head that can lift bulk materials, or has the ability to take materials by itself, or is equipped with a taking and feeding device to continuously lift bulk materials out of the ship's hold, and then unload them to the arm or frame and transport them to the shore where the main conveying system is located.

[0003] The unloading device is intermittent working system, the instantaneous dust is large, and it is an open environment. The dust removal motor has a large power, which leads to high power consumption and high cost. Therefore, a unloading device and unloading method suitable for a ship unloader are proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a discharge device and a discharge method suitable for a ship unloader, which solves the technical problems that the discharge device has large instantaneous dust, belongs to an open environment, and has a large power of dust removal motor, which leads to high power consumption and high use cost.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a material unloading device suitable for a ship unloader, comprising: a frame;

[0006] A feed hopper is arranged on the frame, and a plurality of air suction channels are arranged on the inner side wall of the feed hopper;

[0007] A grid is arranged on the upper part of the feed hopper, and a one-way feeding structure for passing materials is arranged at the edge of the grid;

[0008] A grab bucket is slidably arranged on the frame, capable of grabbing materials on the hull and moving to just above the feed hopper;

[0009] A discharge valve is provided below the feed hopper and is used to receive the material in the feed hopper;

[0010] Dust collector, two dust collectors are respectively arranged on both sides of the feed hopper, the dust collector is connected to a dust removal fan, and the dust removal fan is used to suck the dust inside the feed hopper into the dust collector through the suction channel and settle it;

[0011] The material conveying mechanism is arranged below the dust collector and is used for conveying the dust material settled in the dust collector to the discharge valve.

[0012] Preferably, the one-way feeding structure includes: a plurality of first steel plates arranged in an array at the edge positions of the grille, two adjacent first steel plates are combined to form a first feeding hole, the acute angle between the first steel plate as a whole and the horizontal plane is between 45°-60°, the upper end of the first steel plate is fixedly connected to an elastic baffle, and the lower end of the elastic baffle abuts against the lower end of the first steel plate adjacent to the first steel plate connected to the upper end of the elastic baffle.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of second steel plates are vertically arranged in the middle portion of the grille, and the plurality of second steel plates are cross-arranged to form a plurality of second feed holes.

[0014] Preferably, a conical dropping barrel is provided at the lower part of the dust collector, and the conical dropping barrel is used to collect dust materials settled in the dust collector.

[0015] Preferably, the feeding mechanism comprises:

[0016] A first screw conveying device is arranged below the conical blanking barrel, and a first feed inlet on the first screw conveying device is connected to a first discharge outlet below the conical blanking barrel;

[0017] The second screw conveying device is arranged at one side of the feed hopper, the second feed port on the second screw conveying device is connected to the second discharge port on the first screw conveying device, and the third discharge port of the second screw conveying device is connected to the discharge valve.

[0018] Preferably, a three-way pipe is arranged above the discharge valve, a third feed port is arranged at the upper end of the three-way pipe, and the third feed port is connected to the third discharge port and a fourth discharge port below the feed hopper.

[0019] Preferably, a windshield wall is provided on the frame, and the windshield wall is located directly above the feed hopper. An inlet and outlet passage is provided on one side of the windshield wall, and the inlet and outlet passage is used for the grab bucket to enter and exit.

[0020] Correspondingly, the technical solution of the present invention further provides a discharging method applicable to a ship unloader, which is applied to any of the above-mentioned discharging devices applicable to a ship unloader, and the discharging method comprises:

[0021] After controlling the grab bucket with the material to move to the top of the feed hopper, the grab bucket is controlled to open to put the material onto the top of the grid, so that the material passes through the grid and the one-way feeding structure into the feed hopper, and then the material in the feed hopper is discharged from the lower outlet and enters the discharge valve;

[0022] Control the dust removal fan to suck the dust inside the feed hopper through the air suction channel into the dust collector for sedimentation;

[0023] The conveying mechanism is controlled to convey the dust material settled in the dust collector to the discharge valve.

[0024] Preferably, the step of controlling the dust removal fan to suck the dust inside the feed hopper through the suction channel into the dust collector for sedimentation comprises:

[0025] Control the dust removal fan to suck the dust inside the feed hopper through the air suction channel into the dust collector for sedimentation;

[0026] Obtaining the current working status of the grab bucket;

[0027] When the grab bucket is not in the working state of material delivery, there is no dust in the feed hopper or the dust concentration is low, the dust removal fan is controlled to change frequency to automatic low speed operation, so that the inside of the feed hopper is kept in a negative pressure state, and the dust is controlled in the feed hopper;

[0028] When the grab bucket is in the working state of material delivery, the dust concentration in the feed hopper is relatively high, and the dust removal fan is controlled to change frequency to overfrequency operation to suck the dust in the feed hopper into the dust collector to achieve the best dust removal effect.

[0029] Preferably, after controlling the grab bucket holding the material to move to above the feed hopper and before the step of controlling the grab bucket to open, the method further includes:

[0030] According to the formula Calculate the dust volume Q1 generated by the grab bucket during a single loading and unloading; where Q1 is in g / time; M is the material weight in t; e is the natural constant; U is the dust flow velocity in m / s; H is the loading and unloading height in m; w is the moisture content of the material in %;

[0031] The dust volume Q1 generated by the grab bucket during a single loading and unloading is used to calculate the dust volume generated by the grab bucket during loading and unloading per hour;

[0032] Calculate the suction volume required for grab bucket loading and unloading per hour based on the dust volume generated by grab bucket loading and unloading per hour;

[0033] Select a dust removal fan with appropriate power according to the suction volume required for grab loading and unloading per hour;

[0034] The dust removal fan is connected to the dust collector.

[0035] Compared with the above background technology, the present invention provides a discharging device suitable for ship unloaders, which has the following beneficial effects: the one-way feeding mechanism automatically closes when no material enters the feed hopper, and can seal the dust inside the feed hopper to reduce the amount of dust overflowing from the feed hopper, thereby reducing the dust pollution to the environment. Moreover, when the dust removal fan sucks the dust inside the feed hopper through the suction channel, since the one-way feeding mechanism is in a closed state, the air enters from the middle part of the grille, which can further prevent the dust from overflowing from the feed hopper, improve the dust removal effect, and after the one-way feeding mechanism is closed, the air intake area of ​​the grille is reduced, and when the dust enters the suction channel under the same wind speed, the wind loss can be greatly reduced, so as to reduce the working intensity of the dust removal fan, save electricity consumption, and effectively save dust removal costs. On the other hand, the dust material settled in the dust collector is transported to the discharging valve again through the feeding mechanism, which effectively reduces the loss during the material loading and unloading process. The discharging method suitable for ship unloaders adopted in the present invention also has the above beneficial effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0037] FIG1 is a transparent schematic diagram of a discharge device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] FIG2 is a transparent schematic diagram of a discharge device provided by an embodiment of the present invention from another angle;

[0039] FIG3 is a top view of a grille provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] FIG4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the CC portion in FIG2 ;

[0041] FIG5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion DD in FIG2 ;

[0042] FIG6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the section EE in FIG2 ;

[0043] FIG7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of point A in FIG2;

[0044] FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic diagram of point B in FIG. 2 .

[0045] Specifically, 1-frame; 2-feed hopper; 3-suction channel; 4-grid; 5-one-way feeding structure; 501-first steel plate; 502-first discharge hole; 503-elastic baffle; 6-grab bucket; 7-discharge valve; 8-dust collector; 801-conical blanking barrel; 9-dust removal fan; 10-second steel plate; 11-second discharge hole; 12-first screw conveyor; 13-second screw conveyor; 14-three-way pipeline; 15-first discharge port; 16-second discharge port; 17-third discharge port; 18-fourth discharge port; 19-counterweight plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0048] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a unloading device suitable for a ship unloader, including: a frame 1 and a feed hopper 2 arranged on the frame 1, the inner wall of the feed hopper 2 is provided with a plurality of suction channels 3, the suction channels 3 are located on both sides symmetrically inside the feed hopper 2, and the suction channels 3 are in contact with the inner wall of the feed hopper 2.

[0049] A grille 4 is provided on the upper part of the feed hopper 2, through which the impurities in the material can be screened out, achieving a certain material filtering effect. Specifically, a load-bearing beam is provided on the upper part of the feed hopper 2, and the load-bearing beam is used to support the grille 4. A one-way feeding structure 5 is provided at the edge of the grille 4, and the one-way feeding structure 5 is used to pass the material. At the same time, a grab 6 is slidably provided on the frame 1, through which the material on the hull can be grabbed, and driven by the power device on the frame 1, it moves to the top of the feed hopper 2 and puts the grabbed material on the top of the grille 4, and the material passes through the one-way feeding structure 5 provided at the middle part of the grille 4 and the edge of the grille 4 and enters the inside of the feed hopper 2, completing the material transfer.

[0050] A discharge valve 7 is provided below the feed hopper 2, through which the material in the feed hopper 2 is received, the material in the feed hopper 2 is packaged and collected, and transported to a designated location. It should be noted that one or more discharge valves 7 can be provided as required to speed up the discharge speed.

[0051] Dust collectors 8 are respectively arranged on both sides of the feed hopper 2, and the dust collectors 8 are connected to the dust removal fan 9 and the suction channel 3. The dust removal fan 9 sucks the dust inside the feed hopper 2 into the dust collector 8 through the suction channel 3 and settles it. A feeding mechanism is arranged below the dust collector 8, and the dust material settled in the dust collector 8 is transported to the discharge valve 7 through the feeding mechanism. That is, the dust generated when the material is dropped is suppressed and then falls back into the discharge valve 7 for synchronous collection, thereby effectively reducing the loss during the material loading and unloading process.

[0052] When in use, the grab bucket 6 is controlled to move to the top of the feed hopper 2 after grabbing the material. The grab bucket 6 opens to put the material onto the top of the grille 4 and enters the feed hopper 2 through the one-way feeding structure 5 set at the middle part of the grille 4 and the edge of the grille 4. The one-way feeding mechanism is automatically closed when no material enters the feed hopper 2, and can seal the dust inside the feed hopper 2 to reduce the amount of dust overflow in the feed hopper 2, thereby reducing the pollution of dust to the environment. The material in the feed hopper 2 is discharged from the lower outlet and enters the discharge valve 7. The dust removal fan 9 sucks the dust inside the feed hopper 2 through the suction channel 3 into the dust collector 8 for sedimentation. The dust material after sedimentation enters the feeding mechanism, and the feeding mechanism transports the dust material to the discharge valve 7.

[0053] As shown in Figures 1, 7 and 8, the one-way feeding structure 5 includes: a plurality of first steel plates 501 arranged in an array at the edge position of the grille 4, the acute angle between the first steel plate 501 as a whole and the horizontal plane is between 45° and 60°, preferably, the acute angle between the first steel plate 501 as a whole and the horizontal plane is 60°, two adjacent first steel plates 501 are combined to form a first discharge hole 502, a plurality of second steel plates 10 are vertically arranged in the middle part of the grille 4, and the plurality of second steel plates 10 are cross-arranged to form a plurality of second discharge holes 11, and the material can quickly enter the interior of the feed hopper 2 from the second discharge hole 11, and the material can enter the interior of the feed hopper 2 through the first discharge hole 502 and the second discharge hole 11, the upper end of the first steel plate 501 is fixedly connected to the elastic baffle 503, and the lower end of the elastic baffle 503 abuts against the lower end of the first steel plate 501 adjacent to the first steel plate 501 connected to the upper end of the elastic baffle 503. When materials are accumulated in the first discharge hole 502, the lower end of the elastic baffle 503 will move to the right by a certain distance under the support of the materials, and the lower end of the elastic baffle 503 will be separated from the first steel plate 501, and the materials will enter the feed hopper 2 through the first discharge hole 502. When there is no material accumulation in the first discharge hole 502, the lower end of the elastic baffle 503 will naturally sag under the action of its own gravity, and the lower end of the elastic baffle 503 will abut against the lower end of the first steel plate 501 adjacent to the first steel plate 501 connected to the upper end of the elastic baffle 503 to block the first discharge hole 502. At this time, the dust inside the feed hopper 2 cannot overflow from the first discharge hole 502.

[0054] As shown in Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6, it should be further explained that when the dust removal fan 9 sucks the dust inside the feed hopper 2 through the suction channel 3, since the one-way feeding mechanism is in a closed state, air can only enter from the middle part of the grille 4, further preventing dust from overflowing from the inside of the feed hopper 2, thereby improving the dust removal effect, and after the one-way feeding mechanism is closed, the air inlet area of ​​the grille 4 is reduced. When the dust enters the suction channel 3 under the same wind speed, the wind loss can be greatly reduced, thereby reducing the working intensity of the dust removal fan 9 and effectively saving the dust removal cost.

[0055] In addition, during the process of the grab 6 dropping materials onto the grille 4, since the material falls at a relatively low speed at the first discharge hole 502, dust will accumulate to a certain extent at the first feed empty position, forming a certain blocking effect on the first discharge hole 502, thereby preventing dust from overflowing from the first discharge hole 502 to the feed hopper 2. At the same time, a second discharge hole 11 is provided in the middle of the one-way feeding structure 5, so that during the process of the grab 6 dropping materials onto the grille 4, there is always no accumulation of materials at the first discharge hole 502 above the grille 4, thereby preventing the materials from completely blocking the second discharge hole 11 on the grille 4, thereby ensuring that when the dust removal fan 9 sucks the dust inside the feed hopper 2 through the suction channel 3, there is always air entering the suction channel 3, thereby preventing the feed hopper 2 from being completely closed.

[0056] Preferably, the elastic retaining skin 503 is made of rubber material. On the one hand, the elastic retaining skin 503 can quickly restore itself after being deformed by the material each time by utilizing the good deformation ability of the rubber material. On the other hand, the elastic retaining skin 503 made of rubber material has better wear resistance and longer service life. In addition, a counterweight plate 19 is provided at the lower end of the elastic retaining skin 503. The counterweight plate 19 can further ensure that the lower end of the elastic retaining skin 503 can quickly restore to a naturally drooping state without being affected by external forces to quickly block the first feeding hole 502.

[0057] In one embodiment of the present invention, a conical drop barrel 801 is provided at the lower portion of the dust collector 8, and the conical drop barrel 801 is used to collect dust materials settled in the dust collector 8. Specifically, a plurality of blowing valves are arranged in an array at the upper portion of the dust collector 8. When the dust removal fan 9 sucks the dust inside the feed hopper 2 into the dust collector 8 through the suction channel 3, the dust will adhere to the surface of the filter bag inside the dust collector 8. When the dust on the filter bag reaches a certain amount, the dust is blown into the conical drop barrel 801 through the blowing valve to complete the dust collection.

[0058] In addition, the feeding mechanism includes: a first screw conveying device 12 arranged below the conical blanking barrel 801 and a second screw conveying device 13 arranged on one side of the feed hopper 2, wherein the first feed ports on the two first screw conveying devices 12 are connected to the first discharge port 15 below the conical blanking barrel 801, and the materials in the conical blanking barrel 801 are discharged through the two first screw conveying devices 12, the second feed ports on the two second screw conveying devices 13 are respectively connected to the second discharge port 16 on the first screw conveying device 12, and the third discharge port 17 of the second screw conveying device 13 is connected to the discharge valve 7. When dust material is accumulated in the conical blanking barrel 801, the dust material enters the first screw conveying device 12 from the first discharge port 15 and the first feed port in turn, the first screw conveying device 12 transports the dust to the second discharge port 16, and the dust material enters the second screw conveying device 13 from the second discharge port 16 and the second feed port in turn, and the second screw conveying device 13 transports the dust material to the discharge valve 7.

[0059] Preferably, a three-way pipe 14 is arranged above the discharge valve 7, and a third feed port is arranged at the upper end of the three-way pipe 14, and the third feed port is connected to the third discharge port 17 and the fourth discharge port 18 below the feed hopper 2, that is, the material enters the third feed port after being discharged from the third discharge port 17 and the fourth discharge port 18 below the feed hopper 2. In addition, two discharge pipes are arranged at the lower end of the three-way pipe 14, each discharge pipe is connected to a discharge valve 7, and the two discharge valves 7 can discharge separately.

[0060] In one embodiment of the present invention, a windshield wall is provided on the frame 1, and the windshield wall is located directly above the feed hopper 2. An inlet and outlet passage is provided on one side of the windshield wall, and the inlet and outlet passage is used for the grab bucket 6 to enter and exit. In addition, the surrounding and top sealing settings of the windshield wall can prevent dust from overflowing from the feed hopper 2 and spreading to the surrounding environment, thereby further improving the dust suppression effect during unloading.

[0061] Preferably, a vibration motor is provided in the feed hopper 2 , and the vibration motor is fixed to the inner wall of the feed hopper 2 through a lining plate. The vibration motor can accelerate the falling and discharge of materials in the feed hopper 2 to prevent the materials from being retained in the feed hopper 2 .

[0062] In addition, a radar detector is arranged in the feed hopper 2, which can detect the material height in the feed hopper 2. When the material height in the feed hopper 2 is lower than the set height, the discharge valve 7 is controlled to stop discharging, thereby ensuring that the discharge valve 7 can discharge the material stably; when the material height in the feed hopper 2 is higher than the air suction port, the grab bucket 6 is stopped from putting the material into the feed hopper 2, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the dust removal system.

[0063] The unloading method for ship unloaders adopted in the present invention specifically includes the following steps: controlling the power device to drive the grab bucket 6 to move to the top of the feed hopper 2 after grabbing the material, the grab bucket 6 opens to put the material above the grid 4 and enters the feed hopper 2 through the first discharge hole 502 and the second discharge hole 11, the first discharge hole 502 is automatically closed when no material enters the feed hopper 2, the material in the feed hopper 2 is discharged from the lower outlet and enters the unloading valve 7, the dust removal fan 9 sucks the dust inside the feed hopper 2 through the suction channel 3, and the dust enters the conical blanking barrel 801, when dust materials accumulate in the conical blanking barrel 801, the dust materials enter the first screw conveying device 12 from the first discharge port 15 and the first feed port in turn, the first screw conveying device 12 conveys the dust to the second discharge port 16, and the dust materials enter the second screw conveying device 13 from the second discharge port 16 and the second feed port in turn, and the second screw conveying device 13 conveys the dust materials to the unloading valve 7.

[0064] It should be noted that the step of controlling the dust collector 8 to suck the dust inside the feed hopper 2 through the suction channel 3 and settle it includes: obtaining the current working state of the grab bucket, when the grab bucket 6 is not in the working state of material delivery, there is no dust in the feed hopper 2 or the dust concentration is small, and controlling the dust removal fan 9 to change the frequency to automatic low-speed operation, so that the inside of the feed hopper 2 maintains a negative pressure state, and the dust is controlled in the feed hopper 2; when the grab bucket 6 is in the working state of material delivery, the dust concentration in the feed hopper 2 is high, and controlling the dust removal fan 9 to change the frequency to overclocking operation, and quickly suck the dust in the feed hopper 2 into the dust collector 8 to achieve the best dust removal effect. The dust removal fan 9 adaptively adjusts its own operating power according to the dust concentration in the feed hopper 2 and whether the grab bucket 6 delivers materials, which can effectively save the operating cost of the overall dust removal system.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present invention, after controlling the grab bucket holding the material to move to the top of the feed bucket, before the step of controlling the grab bucket to open, the step further includes: according to the formula Calculate the dust volume Q1 generated by the grab bucket during a single loading and unloading; where Q1 is in g / time; M represents the weight of the material in t; e represents a natural constant; U represents the dust flow velocity in m / s; H represents the loading and unloading height in m; w represents the moisture content of the material in %; Based on the dust volume Q1 generated by the grab bucket during a single loading and unloading, calculate the dust volume generated by the grab bucket loading and unloading per hour; Based on the dust volume generated by the grab bucket loading and unloading per hour, calculate the suction volume required for the grab bucket loading and unloading per hour; Based on the suction volume required for the grab bucket loading and unloading per hour, select a dust removal fan with appropriate power; Finally, connect the dust removal fan and the dust collector. It should be noted that according to the above data, the model specifications of the two dust collectors 8 are selected, and the total suction volume of the two dust collectors 8 is greater than Q1, so that the dust collector 8 has sufficient margin to ensure continuous dust suppression effect.

[0066] In summary, the one-way feeding mechanism is automatically closed when no material enters the feed hopper 2, and the dust can be sealed inside the feed hopper 2 to reduce the amount of dust overflowing from the feed hopper 2. Moreover, when the dust removal fan 9 sucks the dust inside the feed hopper 2 through the suction channel 3, since the one-way feeding mechanism is in a closed state, the air intake area of ​​the grille 4 is reduced, and when the dust enters the suction channel 3 under the same wind speed, the wind loss can be greatly reduced, so as to reduce the working intensity of the dust collector 8 and effectively save the dust removal cost.

[0067] It should be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are merely used to distinguish one entity from other entities, but do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0068] The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described in this article using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A discharging device suitable for a ship unloader, characterized in that: include: frame; A feed hopper is arranged on the frame, and a plurality of air suction channels are arranged on the inner side wall of the feed hopper; A grid is arranged on the upper part of the feed hopper, and a one-way feeding structure for passing materials is arranged at the edge of the grid; A grab bucket is slidably arranged on the frame, capable of grabbing materials on the hull and moving to just above the feed hopper; A discharge valve is provided below the feed hopper and is used to receive the material in the feed hopper; Dust collector, two dust collectors are respectively arranged on both sides of the feed hopper, the dust collector is connected to a dust removal fan, and the dust removal fan is used to suck the dust inside the feed hopper into the dust collector through the suction channel and settle it; The material conveying mechanism is arranged below the dust collector and is used for conveying the dust material settled in the dust collector to the discharge valve.

2. A discharging device suitable for a ship unloader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way feeding structure includes: a plurality of first steel plates arranged in an array at the edge of the grid, two adjacent first steel plates are combined to form a first feeding hole, the acute angle between the first steel plate as a whole and the horizontal plane is between 45° and 60°, the upper end of the first steel plate is fixedly connected to an elastic baffle, and the lower end of the elastic baffle abuts against the lower end of the first steel plate adjacent to the first steel plate connected to the upper end of the elastic baffle.

3. A discharging device suitable for a ship unloader according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of second steel plates are vertically arranged in the middle portion of the grille, and the plurality of second steel plates are cross-arranged to form a plurality of second material discharge holes.

4. The unloading device suitable for a ship unloader according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conical material dropping barrel is arranged at the lower part of the dust collector, and the conical material dropping barrel is used to collect dust materials settled in the dust collector.

5. The unloading device suitable for a ship unloader according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism comprises: A first screw conveying device is arranged below the conical blanking barrel, and a first feed inlet on the first screw conveying device is connected to a first discharge outlet below the conical blanking barrel; The second screw conveying device is arranged at one side of the feed hopper, the second feed port on the second screw conveying device is connected to the second discharge port on the first screw conveying device, and the third discharge port of the second screw conveying device is connected to the discharge valve.

6. A discharging device suitable for a ship unloader according to claim 5, characterized in that: A three-way pipe is arranged above the discharge valve, a third feed port is arranged at the upper end of the three-way pipe, and the third feed port is connected to the third discharge port and the fourth discharge port below the feed hopper.

7. The unloading device suitable for a ship unloader according to claim 1, characterized in that: A windshield wall is arranged on the frame, and the windshield wall is located directly above the feed hopper. An inlet and outlet passage is arranged on one side of the windshield wall, and the inlet and outlet passage is used for the grab bucket to enter and exit.

8. A material unloading method applicable to a ship unloader, applied to a material unloading device applicable to a ship unloader according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The unloading method comprises: After controlling the grab bucket with materials to move to the top of the feed hopper, control the grab bucket to open, so as to put the materials onto the top of the grille, so that the materials pass through the grille and the one-way feeding structure into the feed hopper, and then the materials in the feed hopper are discharged from the lower outlet and enter the discharge valve; Control the dust removal fan to suck the dust inside the feed hopper through the air suction channel into the dust collector for sedimentation; The conveying mechanism is controlled to convey the dust material settled in the dust collector to the discharge valve.

9. A material unloading method suitable for a ship unloader according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step of controlling the dust removal fan to suck the dust inside the feed hopper through the suction channel into the dust collector for sedimentation comprises: Obtaining the current working status of the grab bucket; When the grab bucket is not in the working state of material delivery, there is no dust in the feed hopper or the dust concentration is low, the dust removal fan is controlled to change frequency to automatic low speed operation, so that the inside of the feed hopper is kept in a negative pressure state, and the dust is controlled in the feed hopper; When the grab bucket is in the working state of material delivery, the dust concentration in the feed hopper is relatively high, and the dust removal fan is controlled to change frequency to overfrequency operation to suck the dust in the feed hopper into the dust collector to achieve the best dust removal effect.

10. A material unloading method suitable for a ship unloader according to claim 8, characterized in that: After controlling the grab bucket holding the material to move to the top of the feed bucket and before controlling the grab bucket to open, the method further includes: According to the formula Calculate the dust volume Q1 generated by the grab bucket during a single loading and unloading; where Q1 is in g / time; M is the material weight in t; e is the natural constant; U is the dust flow velocity in m / s; H is the loading and unloading height in m; w is the moisture content of the material in %; The dust volume Q1 generated by the grab bucket during a single loading and unloading is used to calculate the dust volume generated by the grab bucket during loading and unloading per hour; Calculate the suction volume required for grab bucket loading and unloading per hour based on the dust volume generated by grab bucket loading and unloading per hour; Select a dust removal fan with appropriate power according to the suction volume required for grab loading and unloading per hour; The dust removal fan is connected to the dust collector.

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