Hydroponic nutrient solution for small seedlings of citrus reticulata blanco

Abstract

The invention relates to an orange seedling hydroponic nutrient solution which comprises urea, potassium carbonate and a base solution, the base solution is composed of a solution A, a solution B and a solution C. The solution A comprises calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and potassium nitrate, the solution B comprises ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and the solution C comprises ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate. The solution C comprises disodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate / ferric sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, boric acid, manganese sulfate tetrahydrate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate and ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate. By optimizing the components of the culture solution and combining screening experiments, the invention provides the water culture nutrient solution for the small seedlings of the citrus sinensis, and the cultured citrus sinensis has better growth speed, root system condition and plant form and has less pest and disease damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of citrus cultivation, and in particular relates to a hydroponic nutrient solution for citrus seedlings. Background Art

[0002] Bunge (Scientific name: Citrus microcarpa Bunge), also known as Bunge, Kumquat, and Moon Orange, is an evergreen shrubby small tree of the genus Citrus in the Rutaceae family. It blooms many times a year, and its fruit is orange-yellow, with excellent ornamental effect. The fruit has a cough-relieving effect. It is a commonly used New Year's orange variety and a fruit tree that is deeply loved by people. Its traditional planting method relies on soil. However, soil planting is easily affected by pests and diseases, soil pollution, and water waste. In addition, soil-planted New Year's oranges also have many inconveniences during movement and transportation. Therefore, finding a more efficient, environmentally friendly, and sustainable planting method has become an important direction for the development of the New Year's orange industry.

[0003] With the growth of global population and the acceleration of urbanization, traditional agriculture is facing challenges such as limited land resources, water shortage, and environmental pollution. As a new cultivation method, hydroponic technology can make full use of water and nutrient resources, improve the yield and quality of crops, and meet the needs of modern agricultural development.

[0004] The Citrus Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences proposed a citrus seed germination device and hydroponic seedling method in patent application 2019101848449. The method uses a special germination device to germinate seeds and grow seedlings hydroponically. The nutrient solution in the hydroponic container is precisely formulated and adjusted according to the growth needs of the citrus seedlings to ensure that the plants can absorb sufficient nutrients and water. The hydroponic nutrient solution includes the following active ingredients in concentrations: 3-8mM Ca(NO3)2, 1-3mM KNO3, 0.5-1.5mM NH4H2PO4, 1-3mM MgSO4, 10-20μM H3BO3, 30-60μM Fe-EDTA, 5-20μMMnSO4, 3-10μM ZnSO4, 1-5μM CuSO4 and 0.3-0.8μM H2MoO4, with a pH value of 5.8-6.0. The present application can develop a hydroponic nutrient solution suitable for all-season citrus seedlings by drawing on the technical solution and making appropriate adjustments and optimizations based on the growth characteristics of Nian Tangerine. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a hydroponic nutrient solution for citrus aurantium seedlings through screening experiments, which can better cultivate citrus aurantium.

[0006] A nutrient solution for hydroponic cultivation of citrus aurantium seedlings, the nutrient solution comprising urea, potassium carbonate and a base liquid, the base liquid consisting of a liquid A, a liquid B and a liquid C, wherein the liquid A comprises calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and potassium nitrate, the liquid B comprises ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and the liquid C comprises disodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate / sodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate, boric acid, manganese sulfate tetrahydrate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate and ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate.

[0007] Preferably, the amount of urea added to the nutrient solution is 0.25-0.5 mmol / L.

[0008] Preferably, the amount of potassium carbonate added is 0.75 mmol / L.

[0009] Preferably, in the liquid A, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate: potassium nitrate = 940-950 mg / L: 800-810 mg / L.

[0010] Preferably, in the B solution, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: magnesium sulfate heptahydrate = 150-160 mg / L: 490-500 mg / L.

[0011] Preferably, in the C liquid, disodium iron EDTA / sodium iron EDTA: boric acid: manganese sulfate tetrahydrate: zinc sulfate heptahydrate: copper sulfate pentahydrate: ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate = 20-40 mg / L: 2.5-3 mg / L: 2.0-2.5 mg / L: 0.2-0.3 mg / L: 0.05-0.1 mg / L: 0.01-0.03 mg / L.

[0012] Preferably, in terms of volume ratio, the liquid A: liquid B: liquid C = 1:1:1.

[0013] Preferably, the pH of the nutrient solution is between 6 and 7.

[0014] Preferably, the EC value of the nutrient solution is between 1.2 and 1.8 mS / cm.

[0015] Preferably, the nutrient solution is suitable for cultivating four-season orange seedlings with a plant height of 20-25 cm and a crown width of 15-20 cm.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The invention provides a hydroponic nutrient solution for citrus aurantium seedlings by optimizing the nutrient solution formula and combining screening experiments. The citrus aurantium cultivated thereby has better growth speed, root system condition, plant morphology and less diseases and insect pests. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively below in conjunction with relevant embodiments. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are provided in the embodiments. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0020] The reagents used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available; the methods used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all achievable by conventional methods.

[0021] Example

[0022] 1. Test period: June to December

[0023] 2. Experimental materials: 240 medium-sized four-season orange seedlings with plant height of 20-25cm and crown width of 15-20cm.

[0024] 3. Test methods:

[0025] 1) Root pruning: Before using growth hormones to promote root growth, first perform a simple pruning of the roots of the orange seedlings to remove old roots, residual roots and overly long roots.

[0026] 2) Disinfection: Soak the roots in 0.05% potassium permanganate for 3 minutes and then dry them.

[0027] 3) Rooting pre-treatment: spray water 2-3 times a day to maintain the humidity of the orange seedlings until callus tissue grows out of the orange seedlings; the duration is approximately 15 days to one month.

[0028] 4) Promote root growth: Place the plants in the hydroponic pipe for root growth promotion.

[0029] Rooting sources include: a) Genpan rooting solution (Sichuan Guoguang) diluted 2000 times; b) IAA 150mg / L; c) salicylic acid 100mg / L.

[0030] The specific preparation and use methods are as follows:

[0031] Dilute Genpan rooting liquid (Sichuan Guoguang) 2000 times: dilute Genpan rooting liquid at a ratio of 1:2000, that is, add every 1 ml of rooting liquid to 2000 ml of water.

[0032] IAA 150 mg / L: IAA (indoleacetic acid) is a commonly used growth hormone that can promote plant rooting. Dissolve IAA in water at a ratio of 150 mg / L to make an IAA solution.

[0033] Salicylic acid 100mg / L: Salicylic acid is also a substance that promotes plant rooting. Dissolve salicylic acid in water at a ratio of 100mg / L to make a salicylic acid solution.

[0034] The researchers were divided into three groups, and 240 orange seedlings were immersed in these three rooting source solutions for rooting.

[0035] 5) Nutrient solution selection: After 15 days of rooting, the best treatment for water rooting was sampled and 60 orange seedlings with consistent growth were selected. They were divided into 6 groups with different treatments as follows, and each treatment was repeated 10 times.

[0036] Liquid A, liquid B and liquid C were prepared according to the concentrations in Table 1, and liquid A, liquid B and liquid C were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:1 as the base liquid. Then urea CH4N2O and potassium carbonate K2CO3 were added. Specifically, three nitrogen fertilizer levels (N0: 0mmol / l, N1: 0.5mmol / l, N2: 1.0mmol / l) and two potassium fertilizer levels (K0: 0mmol / l, K1: 1.5mmol / l) were set for the addition amounts of urea and potassium carbonate, respectively, for a total of six schemes: 1, N0K0; 2, N1K0; 3, N2K0; 4, N0K1; 5, N1K1; 6, N2K1.

[0037] Table 1 Nutrient base solution formula

[0038]

[0039] The pH of each group of nutrient solution was between 6 and 7. The EC value of the nutrient solution (1.2-1.8 mS / cm) was measured and dynamically adjusted to keep the concentration of the nutrient solution within a relatively constant range. The water was changed every 7-15 days to ensure the environmental conditions of the nutrient solution.

[0040] Then record and observe the growth status of each group of orange seedlings, and use the following evaluation indicators for evaluation.

[0041] Evaluation indicators:

[0042] 1. Growth rate

[0043] Definition: The time required for hydroponic tangerine seedlings to reach a specific growth stage from planting.

[0044] Importance: The fast-growing citrus seedlings mean a shorter growth cycle and earlier time to market, which is conducive to improving economic benefits.

[0045] Evaluation method: Evaluate the growth rate of orange seedlings by regularly measuring their plant height and stem thickness.

[0046] 2. Root system condition

[0047] Definition: includes the development of the root system, color, whether there is disease or deformity, etc.

[0048] Importance: A healthy root system is the basis for the normal growth of orange seedlings and directly affects their ability to absorb nutrients and water.

[0049] Evaluation method: Observe the distribution and morphology of the root system in the water, and pay attention to whether there are signs of rot, discoloration, or pests and diseases. At the same time, the development of the root system can be quantified by measuring the length, diameter, and root rot rate.

[0050] 3. Leaf condition

[0051] Definition: includes leaf color, glossiness, size, shape and completeness, etc.

[0052] Importance: Leaves are the main organs for photosynthesis in orange seedlings, and their condition directly reflects the health of the plant and the quality of the growth environment.

[0053] Evaluation method: Observe whether the leaves are bright green, have good glossiness, are of moderate size and regular in shape. Also, check whether the leaves have disease spots, insect holes or mechanical damage.

[0054] 4. Plant morphology

[0055] Definition: The overall shape of the orange seedlings, including height, branching, thickness and hardness of the branches, etc.

[0056] Importance: Good plant morphology not only improves the ornamental value of the orange seedlings, but also is beneficial to their subsequent growth, development and fruiting.

[0057] Evaluation method: Evaluate the overall shape of the orange seedlings by visual inspection and touch, paying attention to whether they are symmetrical and upright, whether the branches are reasonable and whether the branches are hard enough to support the plant.

[0058] 5. Pest and disease situation

[0059] Definition: Whether the orange seedlings are attacked by pests and diseases and the severity of the attack.

[0060] Importance: Pests and diseases are one of the important factors affecting the growth and yield of orange seedlings, and must be taken seriously and controlled.

[0061] Evaluation method: The pest and disease situation of each group is evaluated by statistically analyzing the pest and disease rate.

[0062] Table 2 shows the evaluation results after 90 days of hydroponics.

[0063] Table 2 Evaluation results of culture medium screening experiment

[0064]

[0065] From the above results, it can be seen that the plants grew better in the formulas with both urea and potassium carbonate added, among which N1K1 was better than N2K1, followed by the one with only urea or potassium carbonate added, and the last was the formula with no urea and potassium carbonate added, only base solution.

[0066] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0067] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A nutrient solution for hydroponic cultivation of four-season orange seedlings, characterized in that: The nutrient solution includes urea, potassium carbonate, and a base solution, wherein the base solution consists of a solution, a B solution, and a C solution, wherein the A solution includes calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and potassium nitrate, the B solution includes ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and the C solution includes disodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate / sodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate, boric acid, manganese sulfate tetrahydrate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, and ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate.

2. The hydroponic nutrient solution for citrus seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of urea added in the nutrient solution is 0.25-0.5 mmol / L.

3. The hydroponic nutrient solution for citrus seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of potassium carbonate added is 0.75 mmol / L.

4. The hydroponic nutrient solution for citrus seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The content of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and potassium nitrate in the liquid A is 940-950 mg / L and 800-810 mg / L.

5. The hydroponic nutrient solution for citrus seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the B solution, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: magnesium sulfate heptahydrate = 150-160 mg / L: 490-500 mg / L.

6. The hydroponic nutrient solution for citrus seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the liquid C, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate iron / sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate iron: boric acid: manganese sulfate tetrahydrate: zinc sulfate heptahydrate: copper sulfate pentahydrate: ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate=20-40mg / L: 2.5-3mg / L: 2.0-2.5mg / L: 0.2-0.3mg / L: 0.05-0.1mg / L: 0.01-0.03mg / L.

7. The hydroponic nutrient solution for citrus seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In terms of volume ratio, the liquid A: liquid B: liquid C = 1:1:

1.

8. The hydroponic nutrient solution for citrus seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pH of the nutrient solution is between 6 and 7.

9. The hydroponic nutrient solution for citrus seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The EC value of the nutrient solution is between 1.2 and 1.8 mS / cm.

10. The hydroponic nutrient solution for citrus seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four-season orange seedlings have a plant height of 20-25 cm and a crown width of 15-20 cm.

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