Novel biomass efficient gasification furnace

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biomass fuel gasification treatment, and discloses a novel biomass efficient gasification furnace which comprises an external shell, a heating mechanism for heating the gasification furnace is arranged in the external shell, and a reaction mechanism is arranged in the heating mechanism and used for promoting the reaction efficiency of gasification reaction. An impurity removal mechanism is arranged outside the external shell and used for removing impurities from generated gas, a cooling mechanism is arranged outside the impurity removal mechanism and used for cooling the gasification furnace and utilizing waste heat, and a recycling mechanism for recycling waste residues generated by reaction is arranged outside the external shell. The input route of the materials is planned through the reaction mechanism, the solid materials and the gasifying agent are impacted and mixed, the contact area of reactants is increased, then the gasifying agent is introduced for the second time, the reactants are stirred again, the solid materials can make full contact with the gasifying agent, and the conversion efficiency of the materials is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biomass fuel gasification disposal, in particular to a novel biomass high-efficiency gasifier. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the global economy and the continuous increase in energy demand, it has become a top priority to find a sustainable way to supply energy. Among many renewable energy sources, biomass energy has attracted much attention due to its wide sources and abundant reserves. However, the widely used gasifiers still have some problems that need to be solved in practical applications.

[0003] Many existing gasifiers have low gasification efficiency, which results in the failure to fully convert biomass energy and wastes resources. At the same time, some gasifiers have poor stability during operation and are easily affected by factors such as the quality and moisture content of biomass raw materials, resulting in unstable operation and unstable gas production. In addition, some gasifiers have high pollutant emissions, which puts a certain amount of pressure on the environment and does not meet increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements. Some gasifiers have complex structures and are difficult to operate and maintain, which increases the cost of use and the difficulty of management. In order to overcome these problems, the research and development of new biomass high-efficiency gasifiers has become an urgent need in the industry. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing biomass gasification technology, the present invention provides a new type of biomass high-efficiency gasifier, which solves the problems of low conversion efficiency during biomass gasification and the difficulty in timely removal of impurities in the gasification gas due to its various types.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a new type of biomass high-efficiency gasifier, including an external shell, a heating mechanism for heating the gasifier is arranged inside the external shell, a reaction mechanism is arranged inside the heating mechanism, which is used to promote the reaction efficiency of the gasification reaction, a de-impurity mechanism is arranged outside the external shell, which is used to remove impurities from the generated gas, a cooling mechanism is arranged outside the de-impurity mechanism, which is used to cool the gasifier and utilize the waste heat, a recovery mechanism for recovering the waste residue generated by the reaction is arranged outside the external shell, a pretreatment mechanism for pretreatment of the reactants is also arranged outside the external shell, and an auxiliary mechanism is connected to the outside of the external shell, which is used to assist the gasification reaction to proceed smoothly.

[0006] Preferably, the reaction mechanism includes an annular limit plate, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the external shell, and the inner wall of the annular limit plate is fixedly connected to an air blocking plate, and the annular limit plate and the air blocking plate form a spiral loop, the upper edge of the annular limit plate is connected to one end of the air inlet pipe one, the upper edge of the annular limit plate is connected to a feed pipe, the bottom center of the annular limit plate is connected to one end of the air inlet pipe two, the inner wall of the annular limit plate is connected to one end of the air outlet pipe one, the lower end side wall of the annular limit plate is connected to one end of the return pipe, the inner wall of the annular limit plate is connected to one end of the recovery pipe, and the recovery pipe and the air inlet pipe two are wrapped in a relationship.

[0007] Preferably, the impurity removing mechanism includes a impurity removing tank, the impurity removing tank is connected to the other end of the air outlet pipe one, the inner wall of the impurity removing tank is rotatably connected to a diamond-shaped rotating drum, the outer wall of the diamond-shaped rotating drum is provided with a groove, one side of the outer wall of the diamond-shaped rotating drum is fixedly connected to a motor, the output end of the motor is magnetically connected to the outer wall of the impurity removing drum, one side of the outer wall of the impurity removing drum is fixedly connected to a pressing and rotating component, one side of the outer wall of the impurity removing tank is fixedly connected to a protective cylinder, the pressing and rotating component is arranged in the protective cylinder, the interior of the impurity removing tank is connected to the other end of the return pipe, the interior of the impurity removing tank is connected to one end of the air outlet pipe two, the outer wall of the impurity removing tank is connected to one end of the water inlet pipe, and the outer wall of the impurity removing tank is connected to one end of the water outlet pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the pressing and rotating assembly includes a limit plate, which is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the diamond-shaped rotating cylinder, and the inner wall of the limit plate is provided with an annular limit groove, and one side of the outer wall of the limit plate is fixedly connected to a rotating rod, and the outer wall of the limit plate is fixedly connected to one end of a spring 1, and a sliding plate is arranged on the outside of the limit plate, and the sliding plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the protective cylinder, and the outer wall of the sliding plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the spring 1, and the outer wall of the sliding plate is provided with a hole groove, and one end of an adjusting rod is rotatably connected to the inside of the hole groove, and the other end of the adjusting rod passes through the annular limit groove, and the adjusting rod passes through the sliding plate, and one side of the outer wall of the sliding plate is fixedly connected to a limiting ring, and the inner wall of the protective cylinder is fixedly connected to a spring 2.

[0009] Preferably, the pretreatment mechanism includes a fixed frame, the inner wall of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to an electric slide rail, the outer wall of the electric slide rail is slidably connected to a slider 1, the outer wall of the slider 1 is fixedly connected to a material trough, the outer wall of the electric slide rail is slidably connected to a slider 2, the outer wall of the slider 2 is fixedly connected to a crusher, the outer wall of the slider 2 is fixedly connected to a fan, the inner wall of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to a suction shed, and the suction shed is connected to the other end of the air inlet pipe 1.

[0010] Preferably, the cooling mechanism comprises a water storage tank, the outer wall of the water storage tank is fixedly connected to a water pump, the output end of the water pump is connected to the other end of the water inlet pipe, and the outer wall of the water storage tank is connected to the other end of the water outlet pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the heating mechanism comprises a heating ring, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the external shell, and the outer wall of the heating ring is provided with a small hole, the outer wall of the heating ring is connected to one end of a heat pipe, and the other end of the heat pipe is connected to a burner.

[0012] Preferably, the recovery mechanism comprises a screw feeder, an input end of the screw feeder is connected to the other end of the recovery pipe, and an output end of the screw feeder is connected to the recovery tank.

[0013] Preferably, the auxiliary mechanism includes a fan, the output end of the fan is connected to the other end of the air inlet pipe one, the output end of the fan is connected to the other end of the air inlet pipe two, and the auxiliary mechanism includes an air storage tank, and the air storage tank is connected to the other end of the air outlet pipe two.

[0014] Preferably, the outer wall of the external shell is fixedly connected to a support frame, and the fan is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame.

[0015] Working principle: First, the biomass raw materials are sent to the pretreatment mechanism of the gasifier. Here, the raw materials are preliminarily processed and screened, and the pulverizer on the electric guide rail turns the biomass raw materials into smaller particles to facilitate the smooth progress of subsequent reactions. The pretreated biomass raw materials are sent into the gasifier under the action of the fan. Under the action of the reaction mechanism, the solid granular raw materials spirally accelerate along the annular limit plate into the center of the gasifier. Before the reaction starts, the heating mechanism in the external shell starts to work, and the furnace is heated by the burner. As the temperature rises, the biomass raw material loses its own moisture, and the biomass raw material undergoes a pyrolysis reaction. As the pyrolysis reaction proceeds, the biomass raw material generates transition products. At the same time, the fan outside the external shell starts to work, and the gasifier is accelerated along the annular limit plate into the center of the gasifier through the air inlet pipe 1. After being accelerated by the annular limit plate, the solid raw material collides with the gasifier in the center of the gasifier, and the gasifier is fully mixed with the biomass raw material. Then the biomass gradually decomposes and a gasification reaction occurs. While the biomass gasification reaction is proceeding, the air inlet pipe 2 in the center of the reactor is again introduced with the gasifier under the action of the external fan, which stirs the reaction zone to a certain extent and ensures that the solid raw material obtains sufficient gasifier, thereby reducing the generation of impurities. As the reaction proceeds, the generated gasified gas enters the impurity removal tank through the air outlet pipe 1, and the impurity removal mechanism begins to work. The impurity removal cylinder in the rhombus drum contains an absorbent that absorbs impurities including sulfur, nitrogen, and chlorine. The groove exposes a specific absorbent, and the gasified gas contacts the absorbent. If the gasified gas contains only a small amount or no impurities that can be absorbed by a specific absorbent exposed in the groove of the diamond-shaped drum, the impurity removal drum rotates under the drive of the motor, and another impurity removal agent is replaced and exposed in the groove of the diamond-shaped drum. If the gasification agent contains impurities corresponding to this absorbent, as the absorbent absorbs impurities, its own weight continues to increase until the impurity removal drum is separated from the output end of the motor. At this time, the pressing and rotating assembly starts to work. As the weight of the absorbent continues to increase, the limit plate under the impurity removal tank moves downward, spring one is compressed, and the adjusting rod moves along the annular limit groove in the limit plate until it reaches the top, and then as the absorbent continues to increase in weight, the rotating rod moves downward to compress spring two and the limit ring to form a height difference, and the rotating rod moves along the upper wall of the limit ring. Under the pressure of the outer wall of the limit ring, the rotating rod rotates, thereby driving the impurity removal drum to rotate. At the same time, under the action of spring one, the impurity removal drum rebounds to its initial position, and then the impurity removal process is repeated.In the process of impurity removal, the cooling mechanism also plays a role. The water in the water storage tank enters the impurity removal tank along the water inlet pipe to cool the gas in the tank. Since the gasification reaction is a process of raw material-intermediate product-gasified gas, this part of the gasified gas contains gaseous impurities, gaseous tar, gaseous hydrocarbons and other gaseous intermediate products that have not been completely converted. Some impurities will react with the gasifier or raw materials to consume the raw materials and gasifier; gaseous tar, gaseous hydrocarbons and other gaseous intermediate products that have not been completely converted can It is cracked again and converted into gasified gas, so the cooled gasified gas is sent into the gasifier again after cooling. Since the biomass gasification reaction will generate a lot of heat in the oxidation stage, the gaseous tar, gaseous hydrocarbons and other gaseous intermediate products that are not completely converted in the cooled gasified gas will absorb the heat generated by the gasification reaction to reach an excited state, and then react with the solid material and gasifying agent for gasification again; on the other hand, the design of the gasifier for secondary addition of gasifying agent can enable the intermediate product to obtain sufficient gasifying agent, thereby converting more gasified gas.

[0016] The present invention provides a new type of biomass high-efficiency gasification furnace. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention absorbs impurities generated by the reaction through the design of an impurity removal mechanism. The gasified gas flows through the impurity removal mechanism, and the type of impurities is determined by the change in the weight of the absorbent. The impurities are treated in time and then transferred to the gasifier for gasification. This not only reduces the pollution of the environment by impurities, but also realizes the reuse of resources, and improves the economic benefits and material conversion rate.

[0018] 2. The present invention plans the material input route through the reaction mechanism, so that the solid material impacts the gasifying agent, increasing the contact area of ​​the reactants, and then introducing the gasifying agent for the second time, which not only stirs the reactants again, but also enables the solid material to fully contact the gasifying agent, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the material.

[0019] 3. The present invention operates through a cooling mechanism to cool part of the gasified gas generated by the reaction, so that the gaseous tar, gaseous hydrocarbons and other incompletely converted gaseous intermediate products contained in the gasified gas are separated from the excited state, and then introduced into the gasifier again, and enter the excited state again by absorbing a large amount of heat generated by the biomass gasification reaction in the oxidation stage, thereby making full use of the heat generated by the gasification reaction, keeping the temperature in the gasifier within a certain range, reducing energy waste, making energy utilization more efficient and environmentally friendly, and reducing production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional diagram of the gasification device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a display diagram of the gasification device in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the pretreatment mechanism in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the gasification furnace body of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the recycling mechanism in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the reaction mechanism in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the impurity removal mechanism in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the pressing and rotating assembly in the present invention.

[0028] Among them, 1. external shell; 2. annular limit plate; 3. air blocking plate; 4. air inlet pipe 1; 5. feed pipe; 6. air inlet pipe 2; 7. air outlet pipe 1; 8. return pipe; 9. recovery pipe; 10. impurity removal tank; 11. diamond-shaped rotating drum; 12. groove; 13. motor; 14. impurity removal drum; 15. press-rotate assembly; 16. protective cylinder; 17. air outlet pipe 2; 18. water inlet pipe; 19. water outlet pipe; 20. limit plate; 21. annular limit groove; 22. rotating rod; 23 , spring one; 24, sliding plate; 25, hole groove; 26, adjusting rod; 27, limit ring; 28, spring two; 29, fixed frame; 30, electric slide rail; 31, slider one; 32, material trough; 33, slider two; 34, crusher; 35, fan; 36, suction shed; 37, water storage tank; 38, water pump; 39, heating ring; 40, heat pipe; 41, burner; 42, screw feeder; 43, recovery trough; 44, gas storage tank; 45, support frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 8The embodiment of the present invention provides a novel biomass high-efficiency gasifier, including an external shell 1, a heating mechanism for heating the gasifier is arranged inside the external shell 1, a reaction mechanism is arranged inside the heating mechanism, which is used to promote the reaction efficiency of the gasification reaction, a de-impurity mechanism is arranged outside the external shell 1, which is used to remove impurities from the generated gas, a cooling mechanism is arranged outside the de-impurity mechanism, which is used to cool the gasifier and utilize the waste heat, a recovery mechanism for recovering the waste residue generated by the reaction is arranged outside the external shell 1, a pretreatment mechanism for pretreatment of the reactants is also arranged outside the external shell 1, and an auxiliary mechanism is connected to the outside of the external shell 1, which is used to assist the gasification reaction to proceed smoothly.

[0031] The reaction mechanism includes an annular limiting plate 2, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the external shell 1, and the inner wall of the annular limiting plate 2 is fixedly connected with an air blocking plate 3, the annular limiting plate 2 and the air blocking plate 3 form a spiral loop, the upper end edge of the annular limiting plate 2 is connected to one end of an air inlet pipe 4, the upper end edge of the annular limiting plate 2 is connected to a feed pipe 5, the bottom center of the annular limiting plate 2 is connected to one end of an air inlet pipe 6, the inner wall of the annular limiting plate 2 is connected to one end of an air outlet pipe 7, the lower end side wall of the annular limiting plate 2 is connected to one end of a return pipe 8, the inner wall of the annular limiting plate 2 is connected to one end of a recovery pipe 9, and the recovery pipe 9 is wrapped with the air inlet pipe 6.

[0032] The heating mechanism includes a heating ring 39, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the external shell 1. A small hole is opened on the outer wall of the heating ring 39. The outer wall of the heating ring 39 is connected to one end of a heat pipe 40, and the other end of the heat pipe 40 is connected to a burner 41.

[0033] Specifically, under the action of the reaction mechanism, the solid granular raw material enters the center of the gasifier along the annular limit plate 2 in a spiral accelerated manner. Before the reaction starts, the heating mechanism in the external shell 1 starts to work and heats the furnace under the action of the burner 41. As the temperature rises, the biomass raw material loses its own moisture, and the biomass raw material undergoes a pyrolysis reaction. As the pyrolysis reaction proceeds, the biomass raw material generates transition products. At the same time, the fan 35 outside the external shell 1 starts to work, and the gasifying agent is accelerated along the annular limit plate 2 into the center of the gasifier through the air inlet pipe 1 4. After being accelerated by the annular limit plate 2, the solid raw material collides with the gasifying agent in the center of the gasifier, and the gasifying agent is fully mixed with the biomass raw material, and then the biomass is gradually decomposed and a gasification reaction occurs. When the biomass gasification reaction is in progress, the air inlet pipe 2 6 in the center of the reactor is again introduced with the gasifying agent under the action of the external fan 35, so as to stir the reaction zone to a certain extent and ensure that the solid raw material obtains sufficient gasifying agent, thereby reducing the generation of impurities.

[0034] The impurity removal mechanism includes an impurity removal tank 10, which is connected to the other end of the air outlet pipe 17. The inner wall of the impurity removal tank 10 is rotatably connected to a diamond-shaped rotating drum 11, and a groove 12 is provided on the outer wall of the diamond-shaped rotating drum 11. A motor 13 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the diamond-shaped rotating drum 11. The output end of the motor 13 is magnetically connected to the outer wall of the impurity removal drum 14, and a pressing and rotating component 15 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the impurity removal drum 14. A protective cylinder 16 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the impurity removal tank 10, and the pressing and rotating component 15 is arranged in the protective cylinder 16. The interior of the impurity removal tank 10 is connected to the other end of the return pipe 8, and the interior of the impurity removal tank 10 is connected to one end of the air outlet pipe 2 17. The outer wall of the impurity removal tank 10 is connected to one end of the water inlet pipe 18, and the outer wall of the impurity removal tank 10 is connected to one end of the water outlet pipe 19.

[0035] The pressing and rotating assembly 15 includes a limit plate 20, which is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the diamond-shaped rotating cylinder 11, and an annular limit groove 21 is provided on the inner wall of the limit plate 20. A rotating rod 22 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the limit plate 20, and one end of a spring 23 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the limit plate 20. A sliding plate 24 is arranged on the outside of the limit plate 20, and the sliding plate 24 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the protective cylinder 16. The outer wall of the sliding plate 24 is fixedly connected to the other end of the spring 23, and a hole groove 25 is provided on the outer wall of the sliding plate 24. One end of an adjusting rod 26 is rotatably connected to the inside of the hole groove 25, and the other end of the adjusting rod 26 passes through the annular limit groove 21, and the adjusting rod 26 passes through the sliding plate 24, and a limit ring 27 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the sliding plate 24, and a spring 28 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective cylinder 16.

[0036] The cooling mechanism includes a water tank 37 , an outer wall of which is fixedly connected to a water pump 38 , an output end of the water pump 38 is connected to the other end of the water inlet pipe 18 , and an outer wall of the water tank 37 is connected to the other end of the water outlet pipe 19 .

[0037] Specifically, as the reaction proceeds, the generated gasified gas enters the impurity removal tank 10 through the gas outlet pipe 7, and the impurity removal mechanism begins to function. The impurity removal cylinder 14 in the diamond-shaped drum 11 contains an absorbent for absorbing impurities including sulfur, nitrogen, and chlorine. A specific absorbent is exposed through the groove 12 of the diamond-shaped drum 11, and the gasified gas contacts the absorbent. If the gasified gas contains only a small amount of or no impurities that can be absorbed by the specific absorbent exposed by the groove 12 of the diamond-shaped drum 11, the impurity removal cylinder 14 rotates under the drive of the motor 13, and another impurity removal agent is exposed at the groove 12 of the diamond-shaped drum 11. If the gasified gas contains impurities corresponding to this absorbent, as the absorbent absorbs the impurities , its own weight continues to increase until the impurity removal barrel 14 is separated from the output end of the motor 13. At this time, the pressing and rotating component 15 starts to work. As the weight of the absorbent itself continues to increase, the limit plate 20 below the impurity removal tank 10 moves downward, the spring 1 23 is compressed, and the adjusting rod 26 moves along the annular limit groove 21 in the limit plate 20 until it reaches the top, and then as the absorbent continues to increase in weight, the rotating rod 22 moves downward to compress the spring 2 28 and the limit ring 27 to form a height difference, and the rotating rod 22 moves along the upper wall of the limit ring 27. Under the pressure of the outer wall of the limit ring 27, the rotating rod 22 rotates, thereby driving the impurity removal barrel 14 to rotate. At the same time, under the action of the spring 1 23, the impurity removal barrel 14 rebounds to the initial position, and then the impurity removal process is repeated. During the impurity removal process, the cooling mechanism also plays a role. The water in the water storage tank 37 enters the impurity removal tank 10 along the water inlet pipe 18 to cool the gas in the tank, and then the cooled gasified gas is sent into the gasifier again. The cooled gasified gas will absorb the heat generated by the gasification reaction to reach an excited state and then undergo a gasification reaction again.

[0038] The pretreatment mechanism includes a fixed frame 29, the inner wall of the fixed frame 29 is fixedly connected to an electric slide rail 30, the outer wall of the electric slide rail 30 is slidably connected to a slider 1 31, the outer wall of the slider 1 31 is fixedly connected to a material trough 32, the outer wall of the electric slide rail 30 is slidably connected to a slider 2 33, the outer wall of the slider 2 33 is fixedly connected to a crusher 34, the outer wall of the slider 2 33 is fixedly connected to a fan 35, the inner wall of the fixed frame 29 is fixedly connected to a suction shed 36, and the suction shed 36 is connected to the other end of the air inlet pipe 1 4.

[0039] Specifically, first, the biomass raw material is sent to the pre-treatment mechanism of the gasifier. Here, the raw material is preliminarily processed and screened, and the pulverizer 34 on the electric guide rail turns the biomass raw material into smaller particles to facilitate the smooth progress of subsequent reactions. The pre-treated biomass raw material is sent to the gasifier under the action of the fan 35.

[0040] The recovery mechanism comprises a screw feeder 42 , an input end of the screw feeder 42 is connected to the other end of the recovery pipe 9 , and an output end of the screw feeder 42 is connected to a recovery tank 43 .

[0041] Specifically, after the reaction is finished, the solid residue generated by the reaction is sent to the screw feeder 42 along the recovery pipe 9 , and is sent to the recovery tank 43 under the action of the screw feeder 42 .

[0042] The auxiliary mechanism includes a fan 35, the output end of the fan 35 is connected to the other end of the air inlet pipe 1 4, the output end of the fan 35 is connected to the other end of the air inlet pipe 2 6, and the auxiliary mechanism includes an air storage tank 44, and the air storage tank 44 is connected to the other end of the air outlet pipe 2 17.

[0043] The outer wall of the external housing 1 is fixedly connected with a support frame 45 , and the fan 35 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 45 .

[0044] Specifically, during the reaction, the fan 35 outside the external shell 1 starts to work, and the gasifying agent is spirally accelerated along the annular limit plate 2 into the center of the gasifier through the air inlet pipe 1 4. After the reaction is completed, the generated gasification gas is sent to the gas storage tank 44 for storage through the air outlet pipe 2 17.

[0045] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A new type of biomass high-efficiency gasification furnace, characterized in that: The invention comprises an external shell (1), wherein a heating mechanism for heating a gasifier is arranged inside the external shell (1), a reaction mechanism is arranged inside the heating mechanism, and is used to promote the reaction efficiency of the gasification reaction; a de-impurity mechanism is arranged outside the external shell (1), and is used to remove impurities from the generated gas; a cooling mechanism is arranged outside the de-impurity mechanism, and is used to cool the gasifier and utilize the residual heat; a recovery mechanism is arranged outside the external shell (1), and is used to recover the waste residue generated by the reaction; a pre-treatment mechanism for pre-treating the reactants is also arranged outside the external shell (1); and an auxiliary mechanism is connected to the outside of the external shell (1), and is used to assist the gasification reaction to proceed smoothly.

2. A novel biomass high-efficiency gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction mechanism comprises an annular limit plate (2), the annular limit plate (2) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the external shell (1), the inner wall of the annular limit plate (2) is fixedly connected to an air blocking plate (3), the annular limit plate (2) and the air blocking plate (3) form a spiral loop, the upper edge of the annular limit plate (2) is connected to one end of an air inlet pipe (4), the upper edge of the annular limit plate (2) is connected to a feed pipe (5), the bottom center of the annular limit plate (2) is connected to one end of an air inlet pipe (6), the inner wall of the annular limit plate (2) is connected to one end of an air outlet pipe (7), the lower side wall of the annular limit plate (2) is connected to one end of a return pipe (8), the inner wall of the annular limit plate (2) is connected to one end of a recovery pipe (9), and the recovery pipe (9) and the air inlet pipe (6) form a wrapping relationship.

3. A novel biomass high-efficiency gasification furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The impurity removal mechanism comprises an impurity removal tank (10), the impurity removal tank (10) being connected to the other end of an air outlet pipe (7), the inner wall of the impurity removal tank (10) being rotatably connected to a rhombus-shaped rotating drum (11), the outer wall of the rhombus-shaped rotating drum (11) being provided with a groove (12), one side of the outer wall of the rhombus-shaped rotating drum (11) being fixedly connected to a motor (13), the output end of the motor (13) being magnetically connected to the outer wall of an impurity removal drum (14), and one side of the outer wall of the impurity removal drum (14) being fixedly connected to a pressing device. A rotating assembly (15), one side of the outer wall of the impurity removal tank (10) is fixedly connected to a protective tube (16), the pressing rotating assembly (15) is arranged in the protective tube (16), the interior of the impurity removal tank (10) is connected to the other end of the return pipe (8), the interior of the impurity removal tank (10) is connected to one end of the second air outlet pipe (17), the outer wall of the impurity removal tank (10) is connected to one end of the water inlet pipe (18), and the outer wall of the impurity removal tank (10) is connected to one end of the water outlet pipe (19).

4. A novel biomass high-efficiency gasifier according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressing and rotating assembly (15) comprises a limit plate (20), the limit plate (20) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the rhombus rotating cylinder (11), the inner wall of the limit plate (20) is provided with an annular limit groove (21), one side of the outer wall of the limit plate (20) is fixedly connected to a rotating rod (22), the outer wall of the limit plate (20) is fixedly connected to one end of a spring (23), and a sliding plate (24) is arranged outside the limit plate (20), and the sliding plate (24) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the protective cylinder (16). The outer wall of the sliding plate (24) is fixedly connected to the other end of the spring 1 (23), the outer wall of the sliding plate (24) is provided with a hole groove (25), one end of the adjusting rod (26) is rotatably connected inside the hole groove (25), the other end of the adjusting rod (26) passes through the annular limiting groove (21), the rotating rod (22) passes through the sliding plate (24), one side of the outer wall of the sliding plate (24) is fixedly connected to the limiting ring (27), and the inner wall of the protective tube (16) is fixedly connected to the spring 2 (28).

5. The novel biomass high-efficiency gasification furnace according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The pretreatment mechanism comprises a fixed frame (29), the inner wall of the fixed frame (29) is fixedly connected to an electric slide rail (30), the outer wall of the electric slide rail (30) is slidably connected to a slider 1 (31), the outer wall of the slider 1 (31) is fixedly connected to a material trough (32), the outer wall of the electric slide rail (30) is slidably connected to a slider 2 (33), the outer wall of the slider 2 (33) is fixedly connected to a pulverizer (34), the outer wall of the slider 2 (33) is fixedly connected to a fan (35), the inner wall of the fixed frame (29) is fixedly connected to a suction shed (36), and the suction shed (36) is connected to the other end of the air inlet pipe 1 (4).

6. The novel biomass efficient gasifier according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The cooling mechanism comprises a water storage tank (37), the outer wall of the water storage tank (37) is fixedly connected to a water pump (38), the output end of the water pump (38) is connected to the other end of the water inlet pipe (18), and the outer wall of the water storage tank (37) is connected to the other end of the water outlet pipe (19).

7. The novel biomass efficient gasifier according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heating mechanism comprises a heating ring (39), the heating ring (39) being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the external shell (1), the outer wall of the heating ring (39) being provided with a small hole, the outer wall of the heating ring (39) being connected to one end of a heat conducting pipe (40), and the other end of the heat conducting pipe (40) being connected to a burner (41).

8. The novel biomass efficient gasification furnace according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The recovery mechanism comprises a screw feeder (42), the input end of the screw feeder (42) is connected to the other end of the recovery pipe (9), and the output end of the screw feeder (42) is connected to the recovery tank (43).

9. The novel biomass high-efficiency gasifier according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The auxiliary mechanism comprises a fan (35), the output end of the fan (35) is connected to the other end of the first air inlet pipe (4), the output end of the fan (35) is connected to the other end of the second air inlet pipe (6), and the auxiliary mechanism comprises an air storage tank (44), and the air storage tank (44) is connected to the other end of the second air outlet pipe (17).

10. The novel biomass efficient gasification furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that: The outer wall of the external shell (1) is fixedly connected to a support frame (45), and the fan (35) is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (45).

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