Preparation method of water electrolysis hydrogen production membrane electrode, membrane electrode and device
By assembling the porous diffusion layer on both sides of the catalyst-coated film in the electrolytic water-making hydrogen film electrode, and assembling it using adhesive or smoothing technology, the problem of deformation of the film electrode due to changes in temperature and humidity is solved, and the film electrode is improved Stability and production efficiency of membrane electrodes.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411581723.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-14
AI Technical Summary
The proton exchange membrane or anion exchange membrane of existing electrolytic water-making hydrogen film electrodes is easily swelled and contracted by the influence of ambient temperature and humidity, resulting in quality problems such as CCM deformation and size shrinkage. The soft membrane material is difficult to support, affecting process assembly. and finished appearance.
By assembling the cathode porous diffusion layer on the cathode side of the catalyst-coated film and assembling the anode side of the catalyst-coated film, the assembly is provided using an adhesive or smoothing process to provide sufficient support to prevent the catalyst from being protected from The coated film deforms due to changes in temperature and humidity.
It effectively prevents deformation and size changes of the catalyst-coated film, improves the stability and production efficiency of the membrane electrode, reduces process steps and material consumption, and reduces total energy consumption.
Smart Images
Figure CN119433558A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, and more specifically, to a method for preparing a membrane electrode for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, a membrane electrode and a device. Background Art
[0002] In the structure of PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production membrane electrode, the proton exchange membrane is its core component and plays a key role in the performance of the battery. The anode and cathode catalysts are coated on both sides of the proton exchange membrane to form a catalyst coated membrane (CCM) structure. The anode and cathode frames, anode titanium felt and cathode carbon paper are respectively arranged on both sides of the CCM, which together constitute the membrane electrode assembly.
[0003] AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production membrane electrode has the same structure and components, the difference is that AEM water electrolysis membrane electrode uses anion exchange membrane instead of proton exchange membrane.
[0004] During the preparation of membrane electrodes, proton exchange membranes or anion exchange membranes are easily affected by ambient temperature and humidity due to their material properties, causing swelling and shrinkage, resulting in appearance deformation, size expansion and shrinkage of CCM, and other quality problems in process assembly, precision control, and appearance of finished products. In particular, compared with proton exchange membranes used in fuel cells (reinforced membranes for proton exchange membranes of ≤15 microns for fuel cells), PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production membrane electrodes often use thicker non-reinforced homogeneous proton exchange membranes (such as 125 microns Nafion 115 and 175 microns Nafion 117 membranes), with a thickness difference of more than ten times, and these problems are more prominent. Moreover, the materials of proton exchange membranes and anion exchange membranes are usually relatively soft and do not have sufficient rigidity, making the production process of membrane electrodes more difficult.
[0005] Moreover, when CCM is delivered directly as a finished product, it will also have problems such as deformation, expansion, shrinkage, and wrinkles. The user side also urgently requires that the CCM can remain upright and dimensionally stable during the process of assembling the CCM into the electrolyzer.
[0006] On the other hand, the existing membrane electrode packaging technology basically strictly controls the temperature and humidity of the production site environment, and packages the CCM while ensuring that it is flat. The CCM is packaged into the frame structure on both sides, and then the anode and cathode porous diffusion layers are applied to the outer side of the frame of this five-layer semi-finished product to complete the assembly of the membrane electrode.
[0007] In this membrane electrode structure, the CCM does not have sufficient support, and changes in ambient temperature and humidity will still affect the shrinkage or expansion of the CCM, causing bulging of the finished membrane electrode, warping and waving of the frame, and even cracking of the carbon paper. At the same time, under this preparation process, the same environmental requirements are imposed on warehousing and stacking of downstream customers, and the total energy consumption of production is high. During the customer stacking process, it is also impossible to guarantee that the CCM can remain straight and have small changes in size. Summary of the invention
[0008] The present invention aims to overcome at least one defect (shortcoming) of the above-mentioned prior art, and provide a method for preparing a membrane electrode for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, a membrane electrode and a device, so as to prevent deformation of the catalyst-coated membrane during the preparation of the membrane electrode.
[0009] An object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a membrane electrode for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water, wherein the membrane electrode for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water comprises a catalyst-coated membrane for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water, a cathode porous diffusion layer and an anode porous diffusion layer, wherein the cathode porous diffusion layer is first assembled on the cathode side of the catalyst-coated membrane, and then the anode porous diffusion layer is assembled on the anode side of the catalyst-coated membrane to obtain the membrane electrode for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water.
[0010] The catalyst coated membrane is a CCM including a cathode side coating and an anode side coating. The cathode porous diffusion layer has a certain rigidity. The catalyst coated membrane is first connected to the cathode porous diffusion layer so that it can provide sufficient support for the catalyst coated membrane, thereby preventing the catalyst coated membrane from being deformed due to the influence of the environment or the temperature and humidity of the process, and preventing large changes in size.
[0011] Furthermore, the cathode porous diffusion layer is first assembled on the cathode side of the catalyst coated membrane, specifically: the cathode porous diffusion layer is sprayed with adhesive and then pressed and assembled with the catalyst coated membrane.
[0012] Furthermore, the cathode porous diffusion layer is first assembled on the cathode side of the catalyst coated membrane, specifically: the catalyst coated membrane is leveled by a leveling process, and then bonded and assembled with the cathode porous diffusion layer.
[0013] The proton exchange membrane in the catalyst-coated membrane of the water electrolysis device is relatively thick and may be a non-reinforced membrane. The degree of shrinkage or swelling deformation caused by heat pressing is more obvious. It is difficult to form a flat structure directly with the gas diffusion layer through hot pressing. Therefore, assembly through the above-mentioned adhesive or smoothing process can avoid the problems caused by hot pressing assembly.
[0014] Furthermore, the catalyst coated membrane includes a proton exchange membrane, a cathode catalyst layer and an anode catalyst layer, the cathode catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer are coated on both sides of the proton exchange membrane, the material of the cathode porous diffusion layer is carbon paper or titanium, and the material of the anode porous diffusion layer includes titanium, felt, polished and sintered powder.
[0015] Furthermore, the catalyst coated membrane includes an anion exchange membrane, a cathode catalyst layer and an anode catalyst layer, the cathode catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer are coated on both sides of the anion exchange membrane, the material of the cathode porous diffusion layer is carbon paper or nickel felt, and the material of the anode porous diffusion layer is titanium felt or nickel felt.
[0016] Another object of the present invention is to provide a membrane electrode for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, comprising a catalyst-coated membrane, wherein the cathode side of the catalyst-coated membrane is connected to a cathode porous diffusion layer, and the anode side of the catalyst-coated membrane is connected to an anode porous diffusion layer, wherein the membrane electrode for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water is prepared by any of the above-mentioned preparation methods.
[0017] Furthermore, the catalyst coated membrane includes an ion exchange membrane, a cathode catalyst layer and an anode catalyst layer, wherein the cathode catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer are coated on both sides of the proton exchange membrane, and the edge of the proton exchange membrane is flush with the edge of the cathode porous diffusion layer and the anode porous diffusion layer.
[0018] Furthermore, the catalyst coated membrane includes an ion exchange membrane, a cathode catalyst layer and an anode catalyst layer, wherein the cathode catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer are coated on both sides of the proton exchange membrane, and the edge of the proton exchange membrane extends out of the edge of the cathode porous diffusion layer and the anode porous diffusion layer.
[0019] Furthermore, the ion exchange membrane is a proton exchange membrane or an anion exchange membrane.
[0020] Another object of the present invention is to provide a device for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water, comprising an electrolytic cell and any of the membrane electrodes described above, wherein the membrane electrode is arranged in the electrolytic cell.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0022] (1) The catalyst coated membrane is first connected to the cathode porous diffusion layer so that it can provide sufficient support for the catalyst coated membrane, thereby preventing the catalyst coated membrane from being deformed by the environment or the temperature and humidity of the process, thereby preventing a large change in size.
[0023] (2) The catalyst-coated membrane, which is relatively soft in itself, is easier to transfer and assemble with the support of the cathode porous diffusion layer, thereby improving production efficiency.
[0024] (3) After the catalyst-coated membrane and the cathode porous diffusion layer are assembled first, with sufficient support, the frame setting can be eliminated. The catalyst-coated membrane and the anode and cathode porous diffusion layers directly constitute a membrane electrode with a frameless structure, saving materials, saving costs, reducing process steps, and improving production efficiency.
[0025] (4) The catalyst coating membrane and the cathode porous diffusion layer are assembled by adhesive or smoothing process, so that the deformation of the catalyst coating membrane is more restricted and the structures of the two are more solid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the membrane electrode for producing hydrogen through electrolysis of water in Example 3.
[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the water electrolysis hydrogen production membrane electrode of Example 4.
[0028] Reference numerals: ion exchange membrane 100 , anode catalyst layer 200 , cathode catalyst layer 300 , cathode porous diffusion layer 400 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] The drawings of the present invention are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In order to better illustrate the following embodiments, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; it is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.
[0030] Example 1
[0031] The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a membrane electrode for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, wherein the membrane electrode for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water comprises a catalyst-coated membrane, a cathode porous diffusion layer and an anode porous diffusion layer. The preparation method comprises the following steps: first assembling the cathode porous diffusion layer on the cathode side of the catalyst-coated membrane, and then assembling the anode porous diffusion layer on the anode side of the catalyst-coated membrane to obtain the membrane electrode for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water.
[0032] First, the cathode porous diffusion layer is assembled on the cathode side of the catalyst coated membrane, specifically: the cathode porous diffusion layer is sprayed with adhesive and then pressed and assembled with the catalyst coated membrane.
[0033] The catalyst coating membrane comprises an ion exchange membrane, a cathode catalyst layer and an anode catalyst layer, wherein the cathode catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer are coated on both sides of the ion exchange membrane.
[0034] When the ion exchange membrane is a proton exchange membrane, the material of the cathode porous diffusion layer is carbon paper or titanium, and the material of the anode porous diffusion layer includes titanium, felt, polished and sintered powder.
[0035] When the ion exchange membrane is an anion exchange membrane, the material of the cathode porous diffusion layer is carbon paper or nickel felt, and the material of the anode porous diffusion layer is titanium felt or nickel felt.
[0036] Example 2
[0037] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a membrane electrode for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water, which is different from Embodiment 1 in that:
[0038] First, the cathode porous diffusion layer is assembled on the cathode side of the catalyst coated membrane. Specifically, the catalyst coated membrane is leveled through a leveling process and then bonded and assembled with the cathode porous diffusion layer.
[0039] Example 3
[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a membrane electrode for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water, which is prepared by the method provided in Example 1 or Example 2.
[0041] The water electrolysis hydrogen production membrane electrode comprises a catalyst coating membrane, a cathode porous diffusion layer is connected to the cathode side of the catalyst coating membrane, and an anode porous diffusion layer is connected to the anode side of the catalyst coating membrane.
[0042] The catalyst coated membrane comprises an ion exchange membrane 100, a cathode catalyst layer 300 and an anode catalyst layer 200, wherein the cathode catalyst layer 300 and the anode catalyst layer 200 are coated on both sides of the ion exchange membrane 100, and the edge of the ion exchange membrane 100 is flush with the edge of the cathode porous diffusion layer 400 and the anode porous diffusion layer. The ion exchange membrane 100 may be a proton exchange membrane or an anion exchange membrane.
[0043] When the ion exchange membrane 100 is a proton exchange membrane, the material of the cathode porous diffusion layer 400 is carbon paper or titanium, and the material of the anode porous diffusion layer includes titanium, felt, polished and sintered powder.
[0044] When the ion exchange membrane 100 is an anion exchange membrane, the cathode porous diffusion layer 400 is made of carbon paper or nickel felt, and the anode porous diffusion layer is made of titanium felt or nickel felt.
[0045] Example 4
[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a membrane electrode for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water, which is prepared by the method provided in Example 1 or Example 2.
[0047] The water electrolysis hydrogen production membrane electrode comprises a catalyst coated membrane 100, a cathode porous diffusion layer 400 is connected to the cathode side of the catalyst coated membrane, and an anode porous diffusion layer is connected to the anode side of the catalyst coated membrane.
[0048] The catalyst coated membrane comprises an ion exchange membrane 100, a cathode catalyst layer 300 and an anode catalyst layer 200, wherein the cathode catalyst layer 300 and the anode catalyst layer 200 are coated on both sides of the ion exchange membrane 100, and the edges of the ion exchange membrane 100 extend out of the edges of the cathode porous diffusion layer 400 and the anode porous diffusion layer. In this embodiment, the area of the ion exchange membrane 100 is relatively large and extends beyond the gas diffusion layer. The contact surface between the gas diffusion layer and the ion exchange membrane 100 is a covering surface, and the area of the ion exchange membrane 100 is greater than the area of the covering surface. The ion exchange membrane 100 may be a proton exchange membrane or an anion exchange membrane.
[0049] When the ion exchange membrane 100 is a proton exchange membrane, the material of the cathode porous diffusion layer 400 is carbon paper or titanium, and the material of the anode porous diffusion layer includes titanium, felt, polished and sintered powder.
[0050] When the ion exchange membrane 100 is an anion exchange membrane, the cathode porous diffusion layer 400 is made of carbon paper or nickel felt, and the anode porous diffusion layer is made of titanium felt or nickel felt.
[0051] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation methods of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the claims of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for preparing a membrane electrode for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water, wherein the membrane electrode for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water comprises a catalyst-coated membrane for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water, a cathode porous diffusion layer and an anode porous diffusion layer, characterized in that: The cathode porous diffusion layer is first assembled on the cathode side of the catalyst coated membrane, and then the anode porous diffusion layer is assembled on the anode side of the catalyst coated membrane to obtain the water electrolysis hydrogen production membrane electrode.
2. The method for preparing a membrane electrode for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: First, the cathode porous diffusion layer is assembled on the cathode side of the catalyst coated membrane, specifically: the cathode porous diffusion layer is sprayed with adhesive and then pressed and assembled with the catalyst coated membrane.
3. The method for preparing a membrane electrode for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: First, the cathode porous diffusion layer is assembled on the cathode side of the catalyst coated membrane. Specifically, the catalyst coated membrane is leveled through a leveling process and then bonded and assembled with the cathode porous diffusion layer.
4. The method for preparing a membrane electrode for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The catalyst coated membrane includes a proton exchange membrane, a cathode catalyst layer and an anode catalyst layer, wherein the cathode catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer are coated on both sides of the proton exchange membrane, the cathode porous diffusion layer is made of carbon paper or titanium, and the anode porous diffusion layer is made of titanium, felt, polished and sintered powder.
5. The method for preparing a membrane electrode for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The catalyst coated membrane comprises an anion exchange membrane, a cathode catalyst layer and an anode catalyst layer, wherein the cathode catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer are coated on both sides of the anion exchange membrane, the cathode porous diffusion layer is made of carbon paper or nickel felt, and the anode porous diffusion layer is made of titanium felt or nickel felt.
6. A membrane electrode for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water, comprising a catalyst-coated membrane, wherein the cathode side of the catalyst-coated membrane is connected to a cathode porous diffusion layer, and the anode side of the catalyst-coated membrane is connected to an anode porous diffusion layer, characterized in that: The water electrolysis hydrogen production membrane electrode is prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The membrane electrode for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to claim 6, characterized in that: The catalyst coated membrane includes an ion exchange membrane, a cathode catalyst layer and an anode catalyst layer, wherein the cathode catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer are coated on both sides of the proton exchange membrane, and the edge of the proton exchange membrane is flush with the edge of the cathode porous diffusion layer and the anode porous diffusion layer.
8. The membrane electrode for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to claim 6, characterized in that: The catalyst coated membrane comprises an ion exchange membrane, a cathode catalyst layer and an anode catalyst layer, wherein the cathode catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer are coated on both sides of the proton exchange membrane, and the edge of the proton exchange membrane extends out of the edge of the cathode porous diffusion layer and the anode porous diffusion layer.
9. The membrane electrode for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: The ion exchange membrane is a proton exchange membrane or an anion exchange membrane.
10. A hydrogen production device by electrolysis of water, characterized in that: It comprises an electrolytic cell and the membrane electrode according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the membrane electrode is arranged in the electrolytic cell.