Marine micro-plastic cleaning machine

Abstract

The invention relates to an ocean micro-plastic cleaning machine applied to the field of ocean governance, which comprises a pusher mounted at the lower end of a floating base and used for pushing the floating base to move, a mounting cylinder is fixed on the floating base, and a transmission rod which is vertically arranged and rotates is mounted in the mounting cylinder; a power generation assembly is installed at the upper end of the transmission rod, and a driven structure is slidably installed in the middle of the transmission rod. The periphery of the lower part of the mounting cylinder is fixedly communicated with a water inlet pipe; the lower end of the mounting cylinder is fixedly communicated with a water outlet pipe; the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are both internally provided with one-way circulation structures, the lower portion in the mounting cylinder is fixedly provided with a filtering membrane, and the structures such as the pusher, the driven structure, the one-way circulation structures, the power generation assembly, the transmission rod and the filtering membrane are adopted, so that the effect of squeezing seawater for filtering is achieved; the working mode of actively sucking seawater and actively filtering and discharging seawater is higher in filtering efficiency and better in filtering effect, active movement of the device is achieved through green energy and energy conversion, controllability is higher, and the using effect is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a microplastic cleaning machine, in particular to a marine microplastic cleaning machine applied in the field of marine management. Background Art

[0002] Microplastics refer to plastic particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm. They are a major carrier of pollution. Plastics are difficult to be completely degraded by nature, so after a series of natural physical reactions, large pieces of plastic will be broken down into plastic fragments and dispersed into the environment. Microplastics are small in size and are easily preyed upon by organisms, but due to the lack of enzymes in organisms to degrade microplastics, microplastics will accumulate in the organisms and cause harm to them.

[0003] In order to solve the problem of shortage of manpower and material resources when cleaning up marine microplastics, a certain marine microplastic automatic recovery device on the market adopts a design that utilizes the power of seawater itself in combination with filtration membrane materials, and has a certain market share.

[0004] The specification of Chinese patent CN219399232U discloses an automatic recovery device for marine microplastics, including a body, a water inlet at one end of the body, a water outlet at the other end of the body, a first filter component arranged in the body and close to the water inlet, a second filter component arranged in the body and close to the water outlet, a third filter component arranged in the body and between the first filter component and the second filter component, three cleaning and recovery components arranged on the body and used for cleaning the first filter component to the third filter component, a first transmission component rotatably arranged on the body for driving the first filter component, and a second transmission component rotatably arranged on the body for driving the second filter component and the third filter component. The automatic recovery device for marine microplastics can automatically complete the collection and cleaning of marine microplastics on the sea surface and shallow parts, and at the same time solve the problem of shortage of manpower and material resources in cleaning marine microplastics.

[0005] In actual use, due to the small diameter of microplastic particles (usually less than 5 mm in diameter, most microplastics are between 1 micron and 14 microns or even nanometers in diameter), the filter used usually also needs to be nanometer-grade to achieve a filtering effect. Nanoscale filters (such as nanofiltration membranes) are difficult to achieve a good filtering effect when filtering seawater without external pressure, and the filtration efficiency is also low. At the same time, the above-mentioned device passively drifts with the flow of seawater, and its movement route is uncontrollable. It is very likely to remain stationary or move repeatedly in a certain area. The treatment area of ​​seawater is relatively uncertain, which also affects the treatment effect of the device during use. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to design a marine microplastic cleaning machine that can fully utilize the seawater power of the sea surface, actively provide extrusion force for extrusion filtration, improve the treatment effect and efficiency of seawater filtration, and at the same time can independently control the moving path.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a marine microplastic cleaning machine, comprising a floating base floating on the sea surface, a pusher for pushing the floating base to move is installed at the lower end of the floating base, a mounting tube vertically penetrating the floating base and having a hollow tubular interior is fixed on the floating base, the mounting tube is located in the middle of the lower end of the floating base and is provided with a through hole connected to the outside, and a fixed cover at the upper end of the mounting tube is provided with a top cover connected to the outside and capable of preventing water from entering; A vertically arranged and rotating transmission rod is installed in the installation cylinder; A power generation assembly is installed at the upper end of the transmission rod, the input shaft of the power generation assembly is fixed to the upper end of the transmission rod, and the energy storage part of the power generation assembly is electrically connected to the pusher; A driven structure is slidably installed in the middle of the transmission rod, and the upper and lower ends of the driven structure form a seal with the inner wall of the installation tube. The middle of the driven structure corresponds to the position of the through hole on the installation tube, and the upper end of the driven structure is higher than the upper end of the floating foundation. The middle of the driven structure and the inner wall of the installation tube jointly form an air cavity that contains air and is sealed by seawater. A water inlet pipe is fixed and connected to the peripheral side of the lower part of the installation cylinder. The water inlet pipe is located below the through hole of the installation cylinder and the driven structure. A water outlet pipe is fixed and connected to the lower end of the installation cylinder. One-way flow structures are installed in both the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe. The one-way flow structure in the water inlet pipe controls seawater to enter the installation cylinder from the outside, and the one-way flow structure in the water outlet pipe controls seawater to flow out of the installation cylinder into the sea. A filter membrane is fixedly installed at the lower part of the installation cylinder, and the filter membrane is located between the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe.

[0008] In the above-mentioned marine microplastic cleaning machine, when seawater flows into the space between the driven structure and the mounting tube from the through hole of the mounting tube, the driven structure rises under the action of its own buoyancy. When the driven structure rises, the pressure at the lower part of the mounting tube decreases. At this time, the one-way flow structure in the water inlet pipe opens, so that the seawater outside the mounting tube enters the lower part of the mounting tube from the water inlet pipe. When the seawater is discharged from the middle part of the mounting tube through the through hole of the mounting tube, the water level in the mounting tube is high, and the seawater at the lower part of the mounting tube will be discharged outward, and the driven structure descends, so that the seawater passes through the filter membrane, and the microplastics in the seawater are intercepted. At this time, the one-way flow structure in the outlet pipe opens, and the seawater is discharged through the outlet pipe and flows back into the sea, thereby completing the cleaning of microplastics in the seawater; Compared with existing treatment devices, this marine microplastic cleaning machine also does not require the use of additional power to drive during use, and achieves the effect of squeezing seawater filtration. The working mode of actively inhaling seawater and actively filtering and discharging seawater has higher filtration efficiency and better filtration effect. At the same time, during the rising process of the driven structure, the air at the upper end of the driven structure is also squeezed and flows, and finally flows out through the top cover. In this process, the power generation component is driven by the flowing air, thereby converting the kinetic energy of the air flow into mechanical energy and further converting it into electrical energy storage, which is conducive to realizing autonomous power generation. The generated electricity can be supplied to the propeller, so that the propeller drives the marine microplastic cleaning machine to realize its own movement, and can actively realize the movement of the entire device, avoiding long-term, repetitive, and ineffective cleaning operations in the same area, thereby further increasing the sea area that can be cleaned by the marine microplastic cleaning machine and improving the cleaning effect.

[0009] As a further supplement to this application, the driven structure includes: A sleeve, the sleeve is slidably sleeved on the transmission rod through a sliding structure; There are two follower plates, which are respectively fixed to the upper and lower ends of the sleeve, and the circumferential side of the follower plate is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the mounting tube. The two follower plates are respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the through hole on the mounting tube. When the follower plate at the lower end is at the lowest point, it is higher than the upper end of the water inlet pipe, and when the follower plate at the lower end is at the highest point, it is lower than the lower end of the through hole of the mounting tube.

[0010] As a further supplement to the present application, the sliding structure includes a rolling groove and a ball. The rolling groove is opened on the circumference of the transmission rod and is arranged parallel to the axis of the transmission rod. The ball is embedded in the inner wall of the sleeve and the part of the ball protruding from the sleeve is in rolling contact with the rolling groove.

[0011] As a further supplement to the present application, the one-way flow structure includes a blocking piece, the blocking piece sliding plug is arranged in the water inlet pipe or the water outlet pipe, a return spring is fixed on one side of the blocking piece, and the other end of the return spring is fixed to the inside of the water inlet pipe or the water outlet pipe; The return spring in the water inlet pipe is located at a side of the plugging piece away from the installation cylinder, and the return spring in the water outlet pipe is located at an upper end of the plugging piece close to the installation cylinder.

[0012] As a further supplement to the present application, the power generation assembly includes a flat blade, a planetary gearbox and a generator, a plurality of flat blades are provided and are sleeved on the upper end of the transmission rod, the input shaft of the planetary gearbox is transmission-connected to the upper end of the transmission rod, and the output shaft of the planetary gearbox is transmission-connected to the input shaft of the generator; The power generation component also includes an energy storage unit, which is electrically connected to the generator and the energy storage unit is electrically connected to the propeller.

[0013] As a further supplement to the present application, the top cover is an upwardly protruding round cover structure, the top cover is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mounting tube through a support rod, the lower edge of the top cover extends downward and is sleeved on the outside of the mounting tube, and a gap is left between the lower edge of the top cover and the outer wall of the mounting tube; A positioning sensor is fixed in the middle of the top cover, and the positioning sensor is electrically connected to the energy storage part of the power generation component.

[0014] As a further supplement to the present application, a counterweight ring is fixed to the lower end of the installation tube, and the counterweight ring is sleeved on the outside of the water outlet pipe. The counterweight ring is used to keep the installation tube in a vertical state at all times.

[0015] As another improvement of the present application, the lower end of the installation tube extends into the deep sea; There are multiple installation tubes, which are evenly distributed along the floating foundation, and the multiple installation tubes are divided into a main part and multiple auxiliary parts; A slender pipe structure is formed in the middle of the main component installation cylinder, and a main filter cabin is formed at the lower end of the main component installation cylinder. A water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are arranged on the main filter cabin. The follower plate at the lower end is located in the main filter cabin, and the transmission rod and the sleeve both pass through the slender pipe in the main component installation cylinder. The middle part of the accessory installation cylinder also forms a slender pipe structure, and the lower end of the accessory installation cylinder forms a closed power sub-chamber, and the follower plate at the lower end is located in the power sub-chamber of the accessory installation cylinder; A sub-cabin cavity is formed between the power sub-cabin and the bottom of the follower plate. The power sub-cabin and the filter main cabin are fixed and connected by a connecting pipe. The connecting port between the connecting pipe and the filter main cabin is located above the follower plate in the filter main cabin, and the connecting port between the connecting pipe and the power sub-cabin is located in the sub-cabin cavity in the power sub-cabin.

[0016] As another improvement of the present application, a plurality of filter membranes are provided, and the plurality of filter membranes are evenly distributed vertically at the lower portion of the installation tube.

[0017] As another improvement supplement to the present application, the lower end of the transmission rod rotates and penetrates multiple filter membranes, and multiple cleaning scrapers distributed up and down and corresponding to the multiple filter membranes are fixedly installed on the transmission rod, and the lower end of the cleaning scraper abuts against the upper end of the filter membrane.

[0018] In summary, since the interior of the installation tube is connected to the external sea surface through the through hole, when the waves on the sea surface rise and fall, seawater flows into the installation tube from the through hole on the installation tube, causing the water level in the installation tube to rise. At this time, the follower plate at the lower end rises under the influence of its own buoyancy, driving the follower plate at the upper end to rise synchronously, so that the lower part of the follower plate at the lower end presents a negative pressure state, while the external seawater pressure remains unchanged, thereby making the external seawater pressure greater than that of the internal installation tube at this time. At this time, the plugging piece in the water inlet pipe moves into the installation tube under the influence of pressure, thereby losing the sealing effect on the installation tube and the water inlet pipe, allowing the external seawater to enter the lower part of the installation tube; Afterwards, the seawater exits the middle of the installation tube from the through hole with the rise and fall of waves. At this time, the water level in the installation tube is higher, and the seawater at the bottom of the installation tube will be discharged outward, and the two follower plates will drop accordingly, so that the seawater at the bottom of the installation tube passes through the filter membrane, and the microplastics in the seawater are intercepted. At this time, the sealing piece in the outlet pipe moves away from the lower end of the installation tube under the influence of pressure and loses its sealing effect on the outlet pipe, so that the seawater can be discharged from the outlet pipe to the outside of the installation tube, thereby completing the cleaning of microplastics in the seawater; Compared with existing treatment devices, this marine microplastic cleaning machine also does not require the use of additional power to drive during use, and achieves the effect of squeezing seawater filtration. The working mode of actively inhaling seawater and actively filtering and discharging seawater has higher filtration efficiency and better filtration effect. At the same time, when the air at the upper end of the installation cylinder is squeezed by the upper follower plate, the air flows upward and is finally discharged from the top cover. In this process, the air pushes the advection blade to rotate, thereby causing the transmission rod to rotate. Similarly, when the upper follower plate descends, a negative pressure is formed at the upper end of the installation cylinder, so that the external air enters the installation cylinder through the top cover. When the air flows, it can also push the advection blade to rotate in the same direction, causing the transmission rod to rotate. When the transmission rod rotates, it drives the input shaft of the planetary gearbox to rotate. After the speed is adjusted by the planetary gearbox, it is output to the generator for power generation, and finally the stable electric energy is stored in the energy storage In the part, the purpose of self-generating electricity by utilizing the kinetic energy of waves is achieved, and the electric energy can be supplied to the propeller, which is used to drive the marine microplastic cleaning machine to move itself, and green energy and energy conversion are used to achieve the active movement of the device. Compared with directly using the driving force of waves to drive the overall movement of the device, this method can more effectively achieve controllable movement effects, with stronger controllability and better use effects; avoid long-term, repetitive, and low-effect cleaning operations in the same area, thereby further increasing the sea area that can be cleaned by the marine microplastic cleaning machine and improving the cleaning effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first implementation method of the present application; Figure 2 This is an overall cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power generation assembly according to the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of the driven structure of the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the states of seawater suction (I) and seawater extrusion filtration (II) of the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the second implementation mode of the present application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of multiple filter membranes in the third embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning scraper installation structure of the third embodiment of the present application; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional shape of the flat blade in this application.

[0020] Description of the numbers in the figure: 1. Floating foundation; 11. Pusher; 2. Mounting tube; 21. Water inlet pipe; 22. Water outlet pipe; 23. Top cover; 24. Sub-cabin cavity; 201. Filter main compartment; 202. Power sub-cabin; 203. Connecting pipe; 3. Transmission rod; 31. Rolling groove; 4. Follower structure; 41. Casing; 42. Follower plate; 43. Ball; 5. Power generation assembly; 51. Horizontal blade; 52. Planetary gearbox; 53. Generator; 6. Sealing piece; 61. Reset spring; 7. Filter membrane; 71. Cleaning scraper; 8. Counterweight ring; 9. Positioning sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following is a detailed description of three implementation methods of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] The first implementation method: The present invention provides a marine microplastic cleaning machine, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 2 , comprising a floating foundation 1 floating on the sea surface, a pusher 11 for pushing the floating foundation 1 to move is installed at the lower end of the floating foundation 1, a mounting tube 2 vertically penetrating the floating foundation 1 and having a hollow interior in a tubular shape is fixed on the floating foundation 1, the mounting tube 2 is located in the middle of the lower end of the floating foundation 1 and is provided with a through hole communicating with the outside, and a top cover 23 communicating with the outside and preventing water from entering is fixed on the upper end of the mounting tube 2; A vertically arranged and rotating transmission rod 3 is installed in the installation cylinder 2; A power generation assembly 5 is installed at the upper end of the transmission rod 3, the input shaft of the power generation assembly 5 is fixed to the upper end of the transmission rod 3, and the energy storage part of the power generation assembly 5 is electrically connected to the pusher 11; A driven structure 4 is slidably installed in the middle of the transmission rod 3, and the upper and lower ends of the driven structure 4 form a seal with the inner wall of the mounting tube 2. The middle of the driven structure 4 corresponds to the position of the through hole on the mounting tube 2, and the upper end of the driven structure 4 is higher than the upper end of the floating foundation 1. The middle of the driven structure 4 and the inner wall of the mounting tube 2 together form an air cavity that contains air and is sealed by seawater. A water inlet pipe 21 is fixed and connected to the lower peripheral side of the installation cylinder 2. The water inlet pipe 21 is located below the through hole of the installation cylinder 2 and the driven structure 4. A water outlet pipe 22 is fixed and connected to the lower end of the installation cylinder 2. One-way flow structures are installed in both the water inlet pipe 21 and the water outlet pipe 22. The one-way flow structure in the water inlet pipe 21 controls seawater to enter the installation tube 2 from the outside, and the one-way flow structure in the water outlet pipe 22 controls seawater to flow out of the installation tube 2 into the sea. A filter membrane 7 is fixedly installed in the lower part of the installation cylinder 2 , and the filter membrane 7 is located between the water inlet pipe 21 and the water outlet pipe 22 .

[0023] Based on the above structure, when seawater flows into the space between the driven structure 4 and the mounting cylinder 2 from the through hole of the mounting cylinder 2, the driven structure 4 rises under the action of its own buoyancy. When the driven structure 4 rises, the pressure at the lower part of the mounting cylinder 2 decreases. At this time, the one-way flow structure in the water inlet pipe 21 is opened, so that the seawater outside the mounting cylinder 2 enters the lower part of the mounting cylinder 2 from the water inlet pipe 21. When the seawater is discharged from the middle part of the mounting cylinder 2 from the through hole of the mounting cylinder 2, the driven structure 4 descends, so that the lower end of the driven structure 4 squeezes the seawater at the lower part of the mounting cylinder 2, so that the seawater passes through the filter membrane 7, and the microplastics in the seawater are intercepted. At this time, the one-way flow structure in the outlet pipe 22 is opened, and the seawater is discharged through the outlet pipe 22 and flows back into the sea, thereby completing the cleaning of the microplastics in the seawater. Compared with existing treatment devices, this marine microplastic cleaning machine also does not require the use of additional power to drive during use, and achieves the effect of squeezing seawater filtration. The working mode of actively inhaling seawater and actively filtering and discharging seawater has higher filtration efficiency and better filtration effect. At the same time, during the rising process of the driven structure 4, the air at the upper end of the driven structure 4 is also squeezed and flows, and finally flows out through the top cover 23. In this process, the power generation component 5 is driven by the flowing air, thereby converting the kinetic energy of the air flow into mechanical energy and further converting it into electrical energy storage, which is conducive to realizing autonomous power generation. The generated electrical energy can be supplied to the propeller 11, so that the propeller 11 drives the marine microplastic cleaning machine to realize its own movement, and can actively realize the movement of the entire device, avoiding long-term, repetitive, and ineffective cleaning operations in the same area, thereby further increasing the sea area that can be cleaned by the marine microplastic cleaning machine and improving the cleaning effect.

[0024] Figure 2 and Figure 4 The driven structure 4 is shown to include: The sleeve 41 is slidably sleeved on the transmission rod 3 through a sliding structure; The follower plate 42 is a lightweight plate with a certain buoyancy that is commonly used in the prior art and is suitable for the present embodiment. Two follower plates 42 are provided and are respectively fixed to the upper and lower ends of the sleeve 41. The circumferential side of the follower plate 42 is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the mounting tube 2. The two follower plates 42 are respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the through hole on the mounting tube 2. When the follower plate 42 at the lower end is at the lowest point, it is higher than the upper end of the water inlet pipe 21. When the follower plate 42 at the lower end is at the highest point, it is lower than the lower end of the through hole of the mounting tube 2.

[0025] Before use, it is necessary to first fill the middle and lower part of the installation tube 2 (i.e., the space between the lower follower plate 42 and the bottom of the installation tube 2) with seawater. Since the interior of the installation tube 2 is connected to the external sea surface through a through hole, when the waves on the sea surface rise, seawater flows into the installation tube 2 from the through hole on the installation tube 2, causing the water level in the installation tube 2 to rise. At this time, the lower follower plate 42 rises under the influence of its own buoyancy, driving the upper follower plate 42 to rise synchronously, thereby causing a negative pressure state to appear below the lower follower plate 42, while the external seawater pressure remains unchanged, thereby causing the external seawater to have a greater pressure than the internal pressure of the installation tube 2 (lower part) at this time. Therefore, seawater enters the installation tube 2 from the water inlet pipe 21. Please refer to Figure 5 (I) It should be noted that Figure 5 The lower part of the mounting tube 2 shown in the figure (the part below the floating base 1) is immersed in seawater. The figure is only a simple diagram and does not show the surrounding marine environment, but it does not limit the actual use of the present application; then the seawater exits the middle part of the mounting tube 2 through the through hole with the rise and fall of the waves. At this time, the water level in the mounting tube 2 is relatively high, and the seawater at the lower part of the mounting tube 2 will be discharged outward, and the two follower plates 42 will drop accordingly, so that the seawater at the lower part of the mounting tube 2 passes through the filter membrane 7, and the microplastics (and other possible polluting particles) in the seawater are intercepted, and the seawater is discharged back to the ocean through the outlet pipe 22 below, thereby realizing the purpose of active absorption, extrusion filtration, and active discharge of seawater, achieving the effect of actively filtering marine microplastics, and significantly improving the filtration efficiency and effect of marine microplastic treatment.

[0026] Figure 4 The sliding structure shown includes a rolling groove 31 and a ball 43. The rolling groove 31 is opened on the side of the transmission rod 3 and is arranged parallel to the axis of the transmission rod 3. The ball 43 is rollingly embedded in the inner wall of the sleeve 41. The part of the ball 43 protruding from the sleeve 41 is in rolling contact with the rolling groove 31, reducing the friction between the sleeve 41 and the transmission rod 3, thereby making it easier for the sleeve 41 to slide up and down along the transmission rod 3, reducing power loss, and thus being more conducive to achieving the purpose of smoothly driving the follower plate 42 to rise and fall.

[0027] Figure 7The one-way flow structure is shown to include a blocking piece 6, which is slidably plugged into the water inlet pipe 21 or the water outlet pipe 22, and a return spring 61 is fixed to one side of the blocking piece 6, and the other end of the return spring 61 is fixed to the inside of the water inlet pipe 21 or the water outlet pipe 22. When the pressure in the installation tube 2 is relatively low, the blocking piece 6 in the water inlet pipe 21 moves into the installation tube 2 under the influence of the pressure, thereby losing the sealing effect on the installation tube 2 and the water inlet pipe 21, so that external seawater can enter the installation tube 2; The return spring 61 located in the water inlet pipe 21 is located on the side of the sealing piece 6 away from the installation cylinder 2, and the return spring 61 located in the water outlet pipe 22 is located at the upper end of the sealing piece 6 close to the installation cylinder 2. When the pressure in the installation cylinder 2 is relatively high, the sealing piece 6 in the water outlet pipe 22 moves away from the lower end of the installation cylinder 2 under the influence of the pressure and loses its sealing effect on the water outlet pipe 22, so that seawater can be discharged from the water outlet pipe 22 to the outside of the installation cylinder 2.

[0028] Figure 2-Figure 3 The power generation assembly 5 includes a flat blade 51, a planetary gear box 52 and a generator 53. The flat blade 51 is a blade without a windward angle, and one end is larger than the other end. The blade surfaces at the upper and lower ends are symmetrically arranged with inclined surfaces (the specific cross-sectional shape is as shown in FIG. Fig. 9 As shown), a plurality of horizontal blades 51 are provided and are all sleeved on the upper end of the transmission rod 3, the input shaft of the planetary gearbox 52 is transmission-connected to the upper end of the transmission rod 3, and the output shaft of the planetary gearbox 52 is transmission-connected to the input shaft of the generator 53; The power generation assembly 5 further includes an energy storage unit (not shown in the figure), which is electrically connected to the generator 53 , and the energy storage unit is electrically connected to the propeller 11 .

[0029] When the air at the upper end of the installation cylinder 2 is squeezed by the upper end follower plate 42, the air flows upward and is finally discharged from the top cover 23. In this process, the air pushes the flat blade 51 to rotate, thereby causing the transmission rod 3 to rotate. Similarly, when the upper end follower plate 42 descends, a negative pressure is formed at the upper end of the installation cylinder 2, so that the external air enters the installation cylinder 2 through the top cover 23. When the air flows, it can also push the flat blade 51 to rotate in the same direction, causing the transmission rod 3 to rotate. When the transmission rod 3 rotates, it drives the input shaft of the planetary gear box 52 to rotate. Through the planetary gear box 52, the input shaft of the planetary gear box 52 is adjusted. After adjusting the speed, it is output to the generator 53 for power generation, and finally the stable electric energy is stored in the energy storage part, so as to achieve the purpose of self-generating electricity by utilizing the kinetic energy of the waves, and the electric energy can be supplied to the propeller 11, and the propeller 11 is used to drive the marine microplastic cleaning machine to move itself, and green energy and energy conversion are used to achieve the active movement of the device. Compared with directly using the driving force of the waves to drive the overall movement of the device, this method can more effectively achieve a controllable movement effect (only need to control the opening and closing of multiple propellers 11), with stronger controllability and better use effect.

[0030] It should be noted that a controller (not shown in the figure) should also be installed on the mounting cylinder 2. The controller adopts a programmable controller commonly used in the prior art and suitable for the present embodiment. It is mainly used to control the opening and closing and coordinated operation of multiple pushers 11, so as to control the overall movement direction of the marine microplastic cleaning machine. Different control modes such as automatic control and manual control can be adopted to meet the use requirements. At the same time, the controller should also be equipped with a remote communication module for realizing remote remote control communication. The controller is also electrically connected to the energy storage part of the power generation component 5 to ensure the long-term and effective operation of the controller.

[0031] Figure 2 The top cover 23 is shown to be a round cover structure protruding upward, and the top cover 23 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the installation tube 2 through a support rod, and the lower edge of the top cover 23 extends downward and is sleeved on the outer side of the installation tube 2. A gap is left between the lower edge of the top cover 23 and the outer wall of the installation tube 2 to facilitate the discharge and intake of air above the installation tube 2; A positioning sensor 9 is fixed in the middle of the top cover 23, and the positioning sensor 9 is electrically connected to the energy storage part of the power generation component 5, so that the staff can grasp the location or moving route of the marine microplastic cleaning machine and other information, thereby facilitating the tracking and monitoring of the marine microplastic cleaning machine.

[0032] Figure 2 It is shown that a counterweight ring 8 is fixed to the lower end of the installation tube 2, and the counterweight ring 8 is sleeved on the outside of the water outlet pipe 22. The counterweight ring 8 is used to keep the installation tube 2 in a vertical state at all times, to ensure the overall stability of the device, and to prevent the device from tilting or flipping due to the influence of waves, thereby losing its proper cleaning function.

[0033] Second implementation method: Figure 6 Another marine microplastic cleaning machine is shown, which is different from Example 1 in that: The lower end of the installation tube 2 extends into the deep sea; There are multiple installation tubes 2, which are evenly distributed along the floating foundation 1, and the multiple installation tubes 2 are divided into a main part and multiple auxiliary parts; A slender pipe structure is formed in the middle of the main component installation cylinder 2, and a main filter chamber 201 is formed at the lower end of the main component installation cylinder 2. A water inlet pipe 21 and a water outlet pipe 22 are arranged on the main filter chamber 201. The follower plate 42 at the lower end is located in the main filter chamber 201, and the transmission rod 3 and the sleeve 41 both pass through the slender pipe in the main component installation cylinder 2. The middle part of the auxiliary component installation cylinder 2 also forms a slender pipe structure, and the lower end of the auxiliary component installation cylinder 2 forms a closed power auxiliary compartment 202, and the follower plate 42 at the lower end is located in the power auxiliary compartment 202 of the auxiliary component installation cylinder 2; A sub-cabin cavity 24 is formed between the power sub-cabin 202 and the bottom of the follower plate 42. The power sub-cabin 202 and the filter main cabin 201 are fixed and connected via a connecting pipe 203. The connecting port between the connecting pipe 203 and the filter main cabin 201 is located above the follower plate 42 in the filter main cabin 201. The connecting port between the connecting pipe 203 and the power sub-cabin 202 is located at the sub-cabin cavity 24 in the power sub-cabin 202.

[0034] When the lower end of the installation tube 2 extends into the deep sea, the marine microplastic cleaning machine can also clean up microplastics in the deep sea; Correspondingly, the seawater pressure in the deep sea is relatively high, so multiple groups of driven structures 4 are arranged in multiple mounting tubes 2, which can provide greater power. By setting up the main filtering cabin 201, the power sub-cabin 202 and the connecting pipe 203, the power generated by the multiple groups of driven structures 4 can be used to drive a main mounting tube 2 to achieve the suction, extrusion filtration and extrusion of deep seawater, so as to achieve strong and stable filtration and processing operations for microplastics in the deep sea, thereby ensuring the cleaning effect of the marine microplastic cleaning machine on microplastics in the deep sea.

[0035] The third implementation method: Figure 7-Figure 8 Another marine microplastic cleaning machine is shown, which is different from Example 1 or Example 2 in that: A plurality of filter membranes 7 are provided, and the plurality of filter membranes 7 are evenly distributed up and down at the lower part of the installation cylinder 2; The lower end of the transmission rod 3 rotates to penetrate multiple filter membranes 7. A plurality of cleaning scrapers 71 distributed up and down and corresponding to the multiple filter membranes 7 are fixedly installed on the transmission rod 3. The lower end of the cleaning scraper 71 abuts against the upper end of the filter membrane 7.

[0036] The multiple filter membranes 7 can perform multi-layer filtering on the seawater, so that the filtering effect on microplastics in the seawater is better; at the same time, through the setting of the cleaning scraper 71, the transmission rod 3 can drive the cleaning scraper 71 to clean the surface of the multiple filter membranes 7 when rotating, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the sea surface facing the multiple filter membranes 7 and ensuring that the filter membranes 7 can perform effective filtering operations for a longer period of time.

[0037] It should be further explained that in order to ensure that the marine microplastic cleaning machine can perform effective cleaning operations, multiple detection elements (not shown in the figure) should be installed on the upper ends of the multiple filter membranes 7. The detection elements are used to detect the content of microplastics contained in the seawater above the filter membrane 7. When the content of microplastics contained in this section of seawater is large, an alarm is issued to the staff, who then recycles and maintains the marine microplastic cleaning machine, cleans the filter membrane 7 or replaces the filter membrane 7, and cleans the inside of the installation tube 2 to ensure the stable operation of the marine microplastic cleaning machine.

[0038] In view of current practical needs, the above-mentioned implementation mode adopted in this application is not limited to the scope of protection. Various changes made within the knowledge scope of technical personnel in this field without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine microplastic cleaning machine, comprising a floating base (1) floating on the sea surface, wherein a propeller (11) is installed at the lower end of the floating base (1) to propel the floating base (1) to move, characterized in that: A mounting tube (2) is fixed on the floating foundation (1) and is hollow and tubular inside and vertically penetrates the floating foundation (1). The mounting tube (2) is located in the middle of the lower end of the floating foundation (1) and is provided with a through hole connected to the outside. The upper end of the mounting tube (2) is fixed with a top cover (23) that is connected to the outside and can prevent water from entering. A vertically arranged and rotatable transmission rod (3) is installed in the installation cylinder (2); A power generation assembly (5) is installed on the upper end of the transmission rod (3), an input shaft of the power generation assembly (5) is fixed to the upper end of the transmission rod (3), and an energy storage part of the power generation assembly (5) is electrically connected to the pusher (11); A driven structure (4) is slidably mounted in the middle of the transmission rod (3), and a seal is formed between the upper and lower ends of the driven structure (4) and the inner wall of the mounting tube (2), the middle of the driven structure (4) corresponds to the position of the through hole on the mounting tube (2), and the upper end of the driven structure (4) is higher than the upper end of the floating base (1), and the middle of the driven structure (4) and the inner wall of the mounting tube (2) together form an air cavity that contains air and is sealed by seawater; A water inlet pipe (21) is fixed to and communicated with the lower peripheral side of the installation cylinder (2), the water inlet pipe (21) is located below the through hole of the installation cylinder (2) and the driven structure (4), and a water outlet pipe (22) is fixed to and communicated with the lower end of the installation cylinder (2); The water inlet pipe (21) and the water outlet pipe (22) are both installed with a one-way flow structure, the one-way flow structure in the water inlet pipe (21) controls seawater to enter the installation cylinder (2) from the outside, and the one-way flow structure in the water outlet pipe (22) controls seawater to flow out of the installation cylinder (2) into the sea; A filter membrane (7) is fixedly mounted in the lower portion of the mounting cylinder (2), and the filter membrane (7) is located between the water inlet pipe (21) and the water outlet pipe (22).

2. The marine microplastic cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driven structure (4) comprises: A sleeve (41), wherein the sleeve (41) is slidably sleeved on the transmission rod (3) via a sliding structure; A follower plate (42), wherein two follower plates (42) are provided and are respectively fixed to the upper and lower ends of the sleeve (41); the circumferential side of the follower plate (42) is slidably fitted to the inner wall of the mounting tube (2); the two follower plates (42) are respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the through hole on the mounting tube (2); when the follower plate (42) at the lower end is located at the lowest point, it is higher than the upper end of the water inlet pipe (21); when the follower plate (42) at the lower end is located at the highest point, it is lower than the lower end of the through hole of the mounting tube (2).

3. The marine microplastic cleaning machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding structure comprises a rolling groove (31) and a ball (43); the rolling groove (31) is formed on the circumference of the transmission rod (3) and is arranged parallel to the axis of the transmission rod (3); the ball (43) is rollingly embedded on the inner wall of the sleeve (41); and the portion of the ball (43) protruding from the sleeve (41) is in rolling contact with the rolling groove (31).

4. The marine microplastic cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way flow structure comprises a blocking piece (6), the blocking piece (6) being slidably plugged in the water inlet pipe (21) or the water outlet pipe (22), a return spring (61) being fixed on one side of the blocking piece (6), and the other end of the return spring (61) being fixed to the inside of the water inlet pipe (21) or the water outlet pipe (22); The return spring (61) located in the water inlet pipe (21) is located on a side of the blocking piece (6) away from the installation tube (2), and the return spring (61) located in the water outlet pipe (22) is located on an upper end of the blocking piece (6) close to the installation tube (2).

5. The marine microplastic cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power generation assembly (5) comprises a flat blade (51), a planetary gearbox (52) and a generator (53); a plurality of flat blades (51) are provided and are sleeved on the upper end of a transmission rod (3); an input shaft of the planetary gearbox (52) is transmission-connected to the upper end of the transmission rod (3); and an output shaft of the planetary gearbox (52) is transmission-connected to an input shaft of the generator (53); The power generation assembly (5) further comprises an energy storage unit, wherein the energy storage unit is electrically connected to the generator (53), and the energy storage unit is electrically connected to the propeller (11).

6. The marine microplastic cleaning machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top cover (23) is in the form of a round cover structure protruding upwards, the top cover (23) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the installation tube (2) via a support rod, the lower edge of the top cover (23) extends downwards and is sleeved on the outside of the installation tube (2), and a gap is left between the lower edge of the top cover (23) and the outer wall of the installation tube (2); A positioning sensor (9) is fixed to the middle of the top cover (23), and the positioning sensor (9) is electrically connected to the energy storage part of the power generation component (5).

7. The marine microplastic cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A counterweight ring (8) is fixed to the lower end of the installation tube (2), and the counterweight ring (8) is sleeved on the outside of the water outlet pipe (22). The counterweight ring (8) is used to keep the installation tube (2) always in a vertical state.

8. The marine microplastic cleaning machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end of the installation tube (2) extends into the deep sea; A plurality of the installation tubes (2) are provided, the plurality of the installation tubes (2) are evenly distributed along the floating foundation (1), and the plurality of the installation tubes (2) are divided into a main part and a plurality of auxiliary parts; A slender pipe structure is formed in the middle of the main component installation cylinder (2), and a main filter chamber (201) is formed at the lower end of the main component installation cylinder (2). A water inlet pipe (21) and a water outlet pipe (22) are provided on the main filter chamber (201). The follower plate (42) at the lower end is located in the main filter chamber (201), and the transmission rod (3) and the sleeve (41) both pass through the slender pipe in the main component installation cylinder (2); The middle part of the auxiliary component mounting tube (2) also forms an elongated pipe structure, and the lower end of the auxiliary component mounting tube (2) forms a closed power auxiliary compartment (202), and the follower plate (42) at the lower end is located in the power auxiliary compartment (202) of the auxiliary component mounting tube (2); A sub-cabin cavity (24) is formed between the power sub-cabin (202) and the bottom of the follower plate (42); the power sub-cabin (202) and the main filter cabin (201) are fixed and connected via a connecting pipe (203); a connecting port between the connecting pipe (203) and the main filter cabin (201) is located above the follower plate (42) in the main filter cabin (201); and a connecting port between the connecting pipe (203) and the power sub-cabin (202) is located at the sub-cabin cavity (24) in the power sub-cabin (202).

9. The marine microplastic cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the filter membranes (7) are provided, and the plurality of filter membranes (7) are evenly distributed vertically at the lower portion of the installation cylinder (2).

10. The marine microplastic cleaning machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lower end of the transmission rod (3) rotates to penetrate the plurality of filter membranes (7), and the transmission rod (3) is fixedly mounted with a plurality of cleaning scrapers (71) distributed up and down and corresponding to the plurality of filter membranes (7) respectively, and the lower ends of the cleaning scrapers (71) abut against the upper ends of the filter membranes (7).

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